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Interferometric data processing (InSAR) for extraction of information about the Earth terrain and its changes is one of the general guidelines in development of contemporary space-based radar systems. The InSAR processing for building the digital elevation models (DEM) and terrain displacement maps includes a phase noise suppression step, which is usually performed by adaptive spectral filers (Goldstein filter). Such filters need an interferometric coherence value as a parameter, and a method of coherence estimati...

Copernicus is a European Union programme designed to provide a service in delivering free, openly accessible data about the Earth?s surface through satellite and in-situ observations. On the other hand, Landsat represents the world?s longest standing continuously acquired collection of space-based, moderate-resolution, land remote sensing data for those working in agriculture, geology, forestry, regional planning, education, mapping, and global change research. Although the images of these satellite systems are ch...

One of the certificates that characterizes ecological landscape changeability is fractal dimension. According to Environmental Protection Agency, the dynamics and vectors of those changes can be determined in three-dimensional space where fractal dimension makes one of the axes. Entropy can be regarded as another measurement of changeability (chaos). Application of such measurement of landscape changeability as comparative patterns of land cover is the subject matter of the paper. A fragment of a vertical color ph...

Currently, it is possible to capture geospatial data, which represents terrain surfaces in the form of point cloud, by using two diametrically different technologies: laser scanning and ?structure from motion? technology which is based on sets of properly acquired 2D photos. Both of these technologies allow to obtain a substantially the same product - point cloud, although it is a direct measurement product from laser scanning technology (TLS), while in the case of the structure from motion technology it is a deri...

Technical progress in the field of 3D modelling resulted in increasing use of such technics to create a virtual 3D models of objects. Three-dimensional spatial models are used in a wide range of applications such as inventorisation of architecturalconstruction, an inventorisation of archaeological sites, medicine and wide-known engineering. Spatial models are created based on the point clouds acquired with laser scanners or photogrammetry. Each of these data acquiring methods has its advantages, limitations and ac...

Manuscript is devoted to comparative analysis of digital elevation models (DEMs) derived from data collected on the city road interchange of the Almaty by different methods. Nowadays this is an actual theme for the Almaty city, as the growing metropolitan area. Specifically, there is a traffic flow increase every year, and therefore it is necessary to solve the problem of the city?s road load by building new city road interchanges with greater capacity, at the same time, and to increase efficiency of existing road...

An explosion occurred at the ammunition storage depot in Padjene, Croatia, on 13 September 2011, caused by a fierce forest fire. The depot was totally destroyed and unexploded ordnance left scattered around it. A digital surface model and highresolution georeferenced ortho-mosaic were produced to monitor the cleared site of the former depot for remaining explosive devices and other waste generated by the explosion. Airborne image collection in 2015 covered the Padjene depot and vicinity with very high-resolution i...

Thermal imaging is contemporary remote sensing measurement technique, which provides an image of the temperature distribution in the measured object. The method is widely used, due to its mobility as well as the non-destructive character of the measurement. Infrared thermography is especially relevant in the inspection of insulation, what is more, it is a suitable device for detecting thermal bridges and structural changes, which can impact building energy performance. In the paper, authors brought up the issue an...

Observation of clouds with radars in millimeter wave range is one of the most powerful remote sensing methods to derive information on interior of clouds. We have developed and are operating a cloud profiling FMCW (Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave) Doppler radar named FALCON-I (FMCW Radar for Cloud Observations) at 95GHz. It is a bistatic antenna system, which is usually used for FMCW radar, and consists of two 1m-diameter antennas with high spatial resolution of 0.18 degree FWHM. A High range resolution of 15m...

One of the results of increasingly intensive development of subsurface resources is a global change in ecological and geodynamic safety of the natural environment. It is known that intensive extraction of minerals has led to the change on the subsoil and, as a consequence, to the redistribution of the deformed state of very significant volumes of rock mass with adverse consequences for the environment. For this reason, in many deposit fields geodynamic monitoring is actively carried out using ground-based technolo...

Satellite imagery with different spatial resolutions and global daily revisit time provide much information of earth surfaces on a large scale in a short time. Thereby it is necessary to determine the horizontal accuracy of the satellite imagery to enable the possibility of their future everyday use in different application fields like environmental assessment, urban monitoring, forestry management, etc. In this research multispectral (MS) imagery from PlanetScope (PS), RapidEye (RE) and WorldView-2 (WV2) satellit...

The process of generation of geometric documentation is an important tasks in the field of conservation and management of cultural heritage objects. The 3D documentation is commonly used in conservation, restoration and analysis of historical objects and sites. The recent development of low-cost photography such as mobile phones, digital compact cameras or action cameras are now becoming dependable sources of data, which allow to create reliable and accurate documentation for different types of cultural heritage o...

This article was created as a result of research conducted within the master thesis. The purpose of the research was to analyze the accuracy of determining the actual position of the photographed points according to the calculated parameters. The accuracy of photos alignment was determined as parameters, which determine their external and internal orientation. In order to determine the location of the determined points, it was decided to follow the photogrammetric resection rule. In order to automate the measureme...

Unmanned aerial vehicles are used now in different spheres of economy from agriculture to inspection of industrial facilities. In view of the increased demand for this type of service, the quality of the data received has become a question. One of the most important factors affecting the quality of the data is the efficiency of self-calibration of non-metric digital cameras. The criteria have been defined for evaluating the effectiveness and feasibility of self-calibration for a particular photogrammetric network,...

The aim of this paper is to analyze the possibility to use a wide angle lens for historical basements investigation. For this purpose the test site located in the Bieli?ski Palace in Otwock Wielki, Poland, was chosen. In order to generate a dense point cloud Agisoft PhotoScan was used. Reconstruction results were compared both with the Terrestrial Laser Scanner point cloud and data acquired from a normal lens camera. The main advantage of the point cloud acquired by the wide angle lens is the higher robustness of ...

High-resolution remote sensing, be it satellite or aerial, it has become one of the main instruments for environmental monitoring. The paper present several studies on the satellite remote sensing applicability in the domain of the numerical modeling of the marine processes at regional scales, as well in the coastal areas with difficult accessibility, adjacent to the Danube Delta or maritime ports of the Wester Black Sea Basin. The in-situ data, as generally knows as field of data, involves different collection me...

In the time before the geoglyphs? popularization by the German scientist Dr. Maria Reiche, geoglyphs were subject to considerable destruction by humans, trough geoglyphs and lines led by local roads, areas served for military exercises, etc. This problem was solved by the inclusion of the area into the UNESCO World Site in 1994. The greatest contribution to the protection of geoglyphs and lines was by Dr. Maria Reiche, who died in Peru in 1998. After 24 years of protecting the famous Nasca?s geoglyph?s and lines, ...

There a few important factors, that nowadays, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) are used by wider community, and for cases and applications, that cannot be performed never before. Small UAVs, as a photogrammetry measurement tool provide flexibility, reliability, are safe and easy to use, can be deployed in minutes, initial measurement can be delivered yet on the field, and final accurate measurements are calculated in a very short time, even using online services. A numerous cases was studied on Department of Geodesy...

One of the problems that are encountered today is the migration from rural to urban areas. Cities are becoming overpopulated and consequently overbuilt. Due to the high demand for new residential and commercial buildings, in the last few decades, green zones such as parks are often becoming built. In the cities, there is increasingly less room left to nature. Urban vegetation has a large impact on the quality of life in cities. The aim of this research is the detection of urban vegetation by three independent mult...

3D laser scanning digitization delivers digital copies of existing buildings in its natural form and helps architects and industry specialists keep historical monuments in a database and render their restoration very accurate and cost-effective smaller. Also, the digital copy contributes to preserving and protecting the monument, and at the same time it can be passed on to future generations in the most accurate way. Laser Scanning is a new geodetic technique through which can be measured fully automatically land ...

The Arctic coasts are complex and actively changing systems, their erosion rates varying in time and space. Due to global warming and its thermal and wind-wave effects, there is a tendency of increase in coastal erosion rates. Understanding of the interaction between permafrost and sea is important to disclose the background of active development of natural resources in the Arctic coastal zone (construction of coastal facilities, offshore pipelines, etc). In the present study, coastal dynamics of the Western Russi...

After enormous amount of ice rain during 2014. huge damage was done in forest in Croatia, especially in the city ?abar area. Result of ice rain damaged forests is wide spread of bark beetle. To prevent further spread of bark beetles infected trees should be cut down. In huge forest area great problem is to detect areas with infected trees. Main characteristics of bark beetle damage is change of treetop color. Treetop color depends on the stage of infection and it goes from green to yellow and to red. Optimal perio...

The availability of drones and other types of UAVs makes this method very popular for gathering spatial data for different purposes. The derived orthophotos and digital surface models have wide usage in many branches. One of the UAV survey mission requirement are the Ground Control Points (GCP) allowing the resulting data to be georeferenced and overlaid with other data sources. Some UAVs may be equipped with the IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) and precise GNSS receiver пїЅ the Trimble UHX-5 in our case. The quali...

The new era of SAR exploitation started with the launch of Sentinel-1A and 1B satellites providing dual-polarized VV/VH imagery, free of charge, with unprecedented revisit interval of a few days over very large swaths. The research questions addressed in this paper are: how to process efficiently big set of multitemporal Sentinel-1 images in order to retrieve correctly classified agricultural crops for inventory purposes? How to reduce the amount of data and the redundancy of information resulting from very freque...

Airborne technology developed rapidly in the last decade offering solutions for both data acquisition and surveillance purposes. The same technology can be used by no specialists for entertaining reasons or by governmental companies for security issues. However, there are several matters that the two will look for the acquisition characteristics and the data processing software. Nowadays as an alternative for airborne technology are used Unmanned Aerial Vehicles. An Unmanned Aerial Vehicle is a system composed by ...

In this study, object-based Land Use Land Cover (LULC) classification performance of Sentinel-2 image has been tested by comparing other medium resolution satellite dataset of Zonguldak test field. The test field covering a small area around Zonguldak is located in the Western Black Sea region of Turkey. It is noted for being one of the main coal mining areas in the world. For the purpose of the study, pan-sharpened Landsat 8 image was used because of its nearly similar ground sampling distance (GSD). The RGB and ...

The bioeconomy field covers the agricultural domain, all manufacturing sectors and associated services that involve any form of biological resources. Thereby, the research on bioeconomy is dependent on the data collection both about biological resources (such as plants, animals, and microorganisms) and about the connex phenomena. The remote sensing techniques provide an excellent way for the acquisition of information without making physical contact with these biological resources. So that, the remote sensing find...

For the analysis of various characteristics of natural objects distributions cluster analysis, principal component analysis and regression analysis are often used. There is a large number of distributions of the parameters of natural objects (e.g. spectral characteristics of soil), where the function is unknown, and discreteness is not visible, and contrary to the basic properties of described object. The soil cover is continuous in space and has no clear boundaries between spectral characteristics, such as soil l...

Our research deals with the possibilities of finding and documenting the historical field fortifications of the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648) in the Czech Republic. The archaeological site that was investigated is located in the western part of the Czech Republic, between T?ebel and VysokпїЅ SedliпїЅt? villages in Tachov district. Terrestrial laser scanning, winged RPAS (Remotely Piloted Aircraft System) and geophysical instruments GPR (Ground Penetrating Radar) and a magnetometer were used to prospect and documen...

Cultural heritage represent the way of living developed by humans and it is passed through time to a generation from another. It will always be a part from our history, and if we lose it we will lose our identity, that is why its preservation is very important. Preserving the cultural heritage is always a hard task which implies a lot of people, starting with archaeologists, architects, geodesic engineers and builders. Each of these people have to work together in order to achieve an optimum result. Photogrammetry...

Contemporary digital cameras enable automated process of creating several photos of the same frame in different exposure (bracketing). By the post processing of the photo, editing it in tone mapping, correctly illuminated parts of individual photos are merged into a new one - High Dynamic Range (HDR) image. The differences between illumination of the parts of the object in direct sunlight and the one in deep shade result in a lack of recognizable details which creates challenges in photogrammetric interpretation. ...

Satellites constellation Sentinel-1 provide costless SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) images of global range. Scientific institutions operating with SAR data received the great opportunity for carrying out continuous observations of the Earth. This kind of policy affects the efficiency of performed research and has direct impact on the safety in case on environmental threats. It is possible to monitor ground deformations of endangered areas. Sentinel-1 datasets have great potential in PSInSAR (Persistent Scatterer I...

The most direct change of a watershed induced by urbanization is the land use/cover (LUC) change, which will change the flood response of the watershed. To study this effect, long series of LUC change at watershed scale is needed to be prepared. A watershed is usually a large domain even it is at small scale considering its fine spatial resolution, so the traditional way of field surveying is not feasible for mapping LUC at watershed scale. Development of satellite remote sensing technology provides inexpensive wa...

The study focusses on an evaluation of the forest changes in the Low Tatras National Park. The used methods are based on the time series of the satellite Landsat images. The impacts of disturbances on the health of vegetation, particularly forest ecosystems, are investigated using time series methods. The main data source is the archive of satellite Landsat data. The selected vegetation indices are used and tested for the purposes of the detection of land cover changes and evaluation of the health of forest. From ...

An open source toolпїЅs popularity has increased considerably, as well as micro aerial vehicles (MAV) technologies based on open source hardware. An open source software and hardware delivers a wide variety of applications and technology. The worldпїЅs most successful open source projects have their roots in the academy, and now its participation includes a wide variety of academic programs and research. Based on open source technology, a case study has been designed and performed, in order to prove this technolog...

Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data have a high commercial value. On many occasions, it is crucial to protect the fetched data in order to authenticate them and identify their original ownership. A procedure for protecting terrestrial LiDAR data is introduced in this paper. It consists of two steps: 1) Defining the positions of a watermark (i.e. markers), and 2) Embedding the watermark by modifying the locations of the points slightly within a circular area around the marker by applying the Discrete Cosine Tr...

The terrestrial scanning technology allows collecting data about an object and using it to create a 3D image of the object and then analyse it in a variety of ways, e.g. by performing an evaluation of the technical condition of a building or by diagnosing different irregularities or damages to its structure. The usefulness of such data depends, to a large extent, on the method and accuracy of the measurements. This article presents a test illustrating the relationship between different types of multicolor samples ...

The exchange of glaciers and climate change has gained considerable importance; therefore, many researches have conducted studies related to the subject in the world. The reduction of glacial mass changes is vital issue since it causes a significant climate change and carries certain risks. Therefore, the causes of the reduction should be investigated and the necessary precautions should be taken for this situation. As in the rest of the world, there are glacier variations in Turkey. There are mountains with perma...

Obtaining data on buildings by means of TLS (Terrestrial Laser Scanning) has recently become very popular as the time needed to take the measurements is significantly shorter than in the case of the traditional methods. The technical parameters of 3D scanners (digitizers) are becoming increasingly advanced, while the accuracy of the data collected using them allows not only to translate the geometry of a real-life object into a digital image, but also to evaluate its physical condition. This is possible due to the...

This paper presents the results of joint processing of satellite data providing record of ionospheric parameter anomalies, thermal anomalies and dynamics of lineament systems during the preparation and occurrence of a strong earthquake (M6.2, 24.08.2016, Italy). We describe the methodology for joint analysis of various geophysical parameters in monitoring of seismic areas. Based on the results of step-bystep processing of satellite data, it was demonstrated that 2 months before the seismic event, an increase in th...

Changes of the lake shoreline of glacial lakes in Tatras are significant indicator of postglacial evolution of their lake basins. In this research we evaluate the lake shoreline changes of the tatras lakes on the historical and actual analysis of the orthophoto maps from period 1949-2015. We very precisely evaluated the dynamics of the lake shoreline with application of retrospective analysis of remote sensing materials from that period. In some cases it led to quite marked shrinkage of open water lake areas as th...

Traditionally, Cultural Heritage Assets are valuable artifacts requiring special - time consuming and costly - manual preservation procedures and always subject to accidentally or intentional damage. The paper main objective are: Using low-cost & real time or late -time (client-server) methodologies at all digital documentation phase, to make CHA accessible to all interested in people by supporting virtual mobility without CHA preservation cost and using CHA digital copies and exact 3d replicasto unlock the potent...

Historical buildings require advanced measurement tools and techniques to be documented in detail and precisely because of their different natural characteristics, different dimensions, and complex architectural constructions. In this study, precise measurements were made with TotalStation, and photographs of historical works were taken from different angles. The obtained raw data were evaluated in a computer environment and a 3D model was obtained. It has been observed that the use of this system, which has start...

This paper presents an application of photogrammetrical methods for called IBMR (image based modeling and rendering) in comparison with using of several laser scanning techniques. At the CTU (Czech Technical University) in Prague, Laboratory of Photogrammetry, new methods of 3D objects documentation is tested as the long term project. There are two main approaches in documentation: precise documentation by several techniques as precise close range stereo пїЅ fotogrammetry and laser scanning or simple documentation...

Measuring the behavior of building components during load tests is mostly done by the methods of length difference measurement. The most often used instruments are various types of dilatometers and inductive sensors, some offer excellent precision about level of micrometers. But problems such contact measurement, measurement of only one quantity (length), limited number of sensors located on object, need of cabling, possibility of instrument damage, high price of instruments, influence of other physical quantity o...

By definition, serviceability state is characterized by the fact that despite meeting the requirements associated with carrying capacity, the object is not suitable for use. Serviceability limit state refers to factors, such as durability, overall stability, fire resistance, cracking, excessive vibration. Perfect examples of exceeded serviceability state are the improper vibration of a skyscraper, which inhabitants may suffer from seasickness like ailment, or bridges, which by resonance might be devastated. Among ...

Finite Element Method is one most popular contemporary method of strength analysis. The method is an advanced method for solving differential equations, based on discretization, which means that area is divided into finite elements. Each finite element has a solution of the equation approximated by specific functions and performing the actual calculations only for nodes of this division. Finite Element Method is widely used in structural strength simulations, in which features such as deformations, displacements, ...

Using remote monitoring methods, including aerial remote sensing, UAV and LIDAR (remote sensing, 3D UAV imagery and LIDAR) for high-resolution investigations of waves field characteristic parameters near the seaports, gives us the support information for decision making process. Therefore the results obtained in near real-time are useful to create optimal resolution maps for waveпїЅs reflection, refraction and diffraction, depending on necessities. In this paper is evaluated the possibility to monitoring and mappi...

The rapid increase of the population, misuse of natural resources, contradictions about potential land use are the most important problems on the agenda of many developed and developing countries around the world. In the last century, the migrations from urban areas to rural areas due to labor force employment and living conditions led to the growth and urban expansion in the cities. This situation reveals the necessary changes in land use in order to provide people with the fundamental needs such as food, accommo...

Survey sketch is a technical base for legal matters and base for changes cadastral operates. Sketch provides a system where individual digital and analog elements are interconnected through distinct indicators employing principles of modern relational database. The current state analysis of making of survey sketches indicates several technological inconsistencies. The goal this paper is to propose a comprehensive system which combines relational connections between analog and digital parts of survey sketches with ...