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Mineral Resource management (MRM) is defined as a holistic view on mining activities at firm levels to optimise the use of these non-renewable resources. In this paper, after reviewing of related terms about MRM such as sustainable development, we combined MRM objectives at firm with government responsibilities on mine sector management, and a new applicable cause and effect framework was proposed. This framework which is based on sustainable development satisfies both of firm objectives and the governmental respo...

An Investigation of explosive consolidation processes of W-Cu ultra-disperse and nano sized powder compositions are discussed. For theoretical calculations of the explosive loaded materials were used the hydrodynamic theory and experimental adiabatics of W and Cu. The stress-deformed state of the steel ampoule-containers was estimated using the solutions of elasticity theory. Copper tungsten (W-Cu) powder compositions were consolidated to full or near-full density by explosive-compaction technique. The industrial ...

Nowadays, airborne electromagnetic methods are widely used to investigate subsurface areas. One of these methods is helicopter electromagnetic method. The basis of inverse modeling of frequency-domain HEM data is to solve Mundry’s integral numerically. Various methods have been invented for numerical solution of this integral, such as Laplace transform, fast Hankel coefficients and Jacobian methods. To analyze helicopter electromagnetic data, we need inverse programs which can assist us to achieve the best or ac...

Twenty first Century witnessed rapid advance of technology and resultant extravagant use of technological products by people. Unconscious and extravagant use of technology products rapidly pollutes the environment, where we live. Accelerated environmental pollution, including both alive and non-alive nature which in fact serves partially for alive functions, is most serious problem of our age Global Warming , recently started to be argued, and resultant drawbacks are, in fact, continuum of environmental and global...

The ratio of observed vertical stress to its theoretical value in a soil mass which has settlement potential could be defined as arching ratio. This phenomenon could be observed in some projects, such as earth-fill dams, tunnels, and piles. Arching in earthfill dams may results in hydraulic fracture due to increase of pore water pressure, is the most important result of arching. Hydraulic fracture causes internal cracking of clay core which in turn results in more water seepage. To evaluate the arching effect, an ...

The problem of converting the points in a coordinate system to another coordinate system is very common in Geodesy and Photogrammetry Engineering. The coordinates in a coordinate system can be derived from the definite coordinates of the points in another system by means of coordinate transformation. The type of transformation is determined according to the objective of the transformation and the number of the common points in definite coordinates. Similarity (Helmert), Affine and Projective transformation methods...

The composite in Al matrix are the alloys with some refining elements like Ti, B, Sr, etc. need to know all the techniques used for refining the structure. That is why we describe the three techniques including the rapid cooling of the melting, the mechanical, the electromagnetic or the ultrasonically stirring of the melting and the adding of the sells or the pre-alloys in the melting.

Statement of the problem. In prospecting of deposit, geologists collect many samples, which after chemical analysis of concentration gives a lot of numbers that would be used for resource calculation. Let denote space vector by t (it can be univariate for a hole, bivariate and threedimensional for a deposit), concentration by x(t), and productive part of space by Q. Resource of deposit X composes the integral of concentration x(t) over Q by samples. This is not simple mathematical problem and, consistently, differ...

The work presents the concerns and contributions of the research collective in the hydrology and water management field of the Hydrotechnics Faculty, “Politehnica” University – Romania, from last years. In the work are taken into account: the accidental inundations produced by the cross and longitudinal of the defense works failure; the water courses rehabilitation, the assessment and re ecology techniques of the water body; modeling of the eco hydrological systems; economic analysis of the catchments proper...

The authors present the update stage of Braila Plain water resouces. Within the surface waters, the Buzau, Siret, Calmatui rivers as well as the Danube are included, as they are water suppliers for Braila Plain, in the absence of other important water resources. The lakes are few in number, with a low volume of water and a high chemism. The smalldepth underground waters exist as a continuously ground water layer and the high-depth ones are found especially in the Fratesti layers, but these have a high mineralizati...

A review of extreme storm events along the Bulgarian Black Sea coast is of interest for wide spectrum of readers – oceanographers, meteorologists, engineers, economists, decision makers and stakeholders. Reasonable management of the coastal zone demands a reliable and timely forecasting of storm events and evaluation of the related potential damages and economical losses. This paper focuses on the heavy storm of February 1979. The aim of the study is reconstruction of all stages of the storm on the basis of avai...

In continuous gas lift, gas may be injected continuously or intermittently, depending on the producing characteristics of the well and the arrangement of the gas-lift equipment. Being somehow an ancient tool with an age of over a century, gas lift is though still a challenging problem when overall optimization is the concern. When the injection gas is of a limited supply the problem is finding the best gas allocation scheme. However there are increasingly emerging cases in certain geographic localities where the g...

The North part of Kashmar is located about 250 Km Southwest of Mashhad, Northeast Iran. It is part of the structural Darouneh fault zone and contains rhyolitic, andesitic, pyroclastic and lava flows. Based on results obtained from AFM and Miyashiro diagrams the igneous rocks classified as a subalkaline and calcalkaline. From the data obtained the Kashmar strike-slip fault geometry (distribution of shear fractures such as R,RЛґ,P surfaces, Riedel structures) plays an important role in controlling the location and e...

Dangerous geological processes which were caused by nature or anthropogenic are the reason of the catastrophes and the human sacrifices which necessary prevent and avert. A complex of the geological processes was considered and actions for engineering protection of the valley of the river Mzymta.

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) with UV irradiation and titanium dioxide (TiO2) as a photocatalyst is a ’green’ process for the treatment and purification of water and wastewater. In this work, for further investigation of applicable AOPs for wastewater treatment, a novel tubular continuous-flow photoreactor was designed and constructed and then all experiments were carried out in this photoreactor. The photoreactor comprises six quartz tubes and a UV lamp, which was placed in the center of the quartz tube...

The approach for formal description of topological description of images is suggested. It is based on the grammar approach for the definition the different types of graphic images. The procedure for verification of defined image is developed. It is based on the conformity checks. The procedures for creation of such description from binary maps and grey level monochrome or multiband images are compared. The procedures for matching of identical points in images are introduced. Such approach is suitable for georefere...

Metals occur in different forms : as ions dissolved in water, as vapours, or as salts or minerals in rock, sand and soil. They can also be bound in organic or inorganic molecules, or attached to particles in the air. Both natural anthropogenic processes and sources emit metals into air and water. The effects of metals in the environment depend to a large extent on whether they occur in forms that can be taken up by plants or animals. Uptake of metals in an animal involves metal ions crossing a cell membrane. The a...

Recycling of metals has been becoming an attractive subject, lately due to the fact that the depleted resources, high energy consumption and harmful gases emission. Metal machining chips are recycled conventionaly which consist of melting casting. In the paper the method of direct conversion of bronze and steel chips, into finished product without melting, as an alternative way to conventional method is described. Metal chips were comminuted by mechanical milling and for the next processing the granulated chips la...

Water samples of 5 sites belonging to 3 streams of Douro River Basin (Portugal, NE) were analyzed regarding their hydrogeochemical and microbiological parameters. Two of the studied streams (Corgo and Pinhao) were strongly influenced by agricultural practices and construction pressures while the other stream (Olo) has low human impact. The study was conducted during 2.5 years, in winter and summer. Physicochemical characterization of water samples from Olo stream show very low mineralization (Electrical Conductivi...

The objective of the study is to investigate the geochemical properties and suitability as an industrial raw material of \cCakraz district dolomite occurrences NW Anatolia. Most of the former studies on the area deals with field geology and ignores industrial mineral potential. Lias (Jurassic) HimmetpaЕџa Formation formed the basement of the region and was overlaid by the Barremian (Cretaceous) Zonguldak Formation with unconformity. Aptian (Cretaceous) Kilimli Formation covered the Zonguldak Formation. A field stu...

Continuously increasing demand for energy resources drives petroleum industry to search in very deep waters, drilling very deep wells, encountering adverse conditions of pressures and temperatures and thus having to resolve a multitude of problems. In many cases, the problems can be attributed to the performance of drilling fluids which then presents challenges to drilling fluid industry. Such problems include poor hole cleaning, high pressure losses, loss circulation zones, fluid gelation, reservoir fluid invasio...

In this study, behaviors of wall samples produced from solid batch bricks were investigated under horizontal loads using various types of bond. Fort his aim six samples that contain three samples from each one, whose dimensions are 60*60 cm, were prepared. Hatch bond and running bond types were used while preparing the samples. Produced masonry wall samples were failure using experimental technique of standard shear strengths. The observed behavior of the experimental samples and the cracks occurred are studied, h...

The standard impedance condition is the simplest way of simulating the material properties of a planar surface. This method is only accurate if the coating is very thin or lossy. To improve the accuracy, generalized impedance conditions can be used to simulate the material properties of a planar surface. The accurate solution of a scattering problem via planar slab depends on its thickness, the wavelength of incident wave, and material properties of the slab. Since boundary condition is local in character, accurac...

This is a study that a comparasion was trying to establish the difference between government –private sector health care workers and randomly selected group of people on the issue of Environment and Health Literacy .Besides the literacy of the environment but also evaluation of behaviour of proctection of environment close and remote vicinty were studied.Also in this study, comparison was trying to make between participants on the issue of information source and primary reason of environmental awareness. This st...

Environmental health is the aspect of public health that is concerned with those forms of life, substances, forces and conditions in the surroundings of man that may exert an influence of human health and well-being. This definition includes other people as part of a person’s surroundings that contribute to the status of environmental health. The aim of environmental health education is to help students to achieve health by their own actions and efforts; to make the environmental health a valued community asset;...

Environment includes social, cultural, economic and political considerations, as well as the more usually understood features such as soil, climate and food supply. Notably, biological agents are sensitive to environmental conditions. To sum up, the relative ease and low cost of producing biological agents, the difficulties in detecting their presence and treating exposed victims and their potential will be used not only for humans but crops and livestock as well. In the future The terrorists probably being use bi...

The presented work is aiming at climate change impacts and vulnerability assessment in Bulgaria. Climate change may affect exposures to air pollutants by affecting weather and thereby local and regional pollution concentrations, by affecting anthropogenic emissions (emission scenarios), by affecting natural sources of air pollutant emissions (biogenic VOCs) and by affecting many other processes. Local weather patterns (namely temperature, precipitation, clouds, atmospheric water vapor, wind speed, and wind directi...

In Romania the estimation of the qualitative and quantitative status for the groundwater bodies was maded for each delineated groundwater body. The monitoring and knowledge activity of the groundwater bodies are made on the river basins through the observation wells for the shallow and depth groundwaters. The majority of these wells belong to the National Hydrogeological Network, but for the polluted areas there are local monitoring networks. The BuzДѓu-IalomiЕЈa river basin is one of the eleven Water Directions f...

Addresses constitute a very important part in the infrastructure of the society. They are exploited not only in everyday life but also in an infinite number of activities. In civil service are addresses linked to civil engineering, cadastre, administration, risk and health management etc. In business an address serves as a primary navigation tool for marketing, insurance, banking, telecommunications, tourism, logistic and others. Citizens encounter the addresses for understanding of the spatial context, through ca...

Land planning is more and more understood to be a decisive tool, by means of which the society secures the systematic solving of functional, economic and engineering problems of the arrangement of landscape settlement, the rational use and protection of natural resources. The paper deals with an evaluation of four selected geobarriers (flood lands, radon hazard, undermining and slope movements) by means of geographic information systems that are geofactors endangering or limiting landscape and environment or make ...

The water pollution on marine ecosystems could cause health problems through water contamination and in a direct contact, when used for recreation aims, or in indirect way, by the negative impacts to marine ecosystems and by consuming of polluted marine products. The samplings of marine water (2007) are taken from the stratum water surface about 10 cm, at a distance 10-20 m by sea coast. At sandy beaches, where water depth in sea coast is shallow, water samples are taken at distance 10-30 m from sea coast with wat...

Pillars are key structural columns in underground mining. They are usually made of in situ intact ores and do not have additional reinforcements. Their main function is temporary or permanent support of ore ceiling of rooms during excavation and mining. Coal pillar strength is usually estimated according to empirical formulae obtained from field observations. Todays, numerical models have found increasing use in pillar design. The FLAC3D Software based Mohr-Coulomb Strain Softening (MCSS) failure criterion was use...

The more important eco-climatic indicators for study aspects are: sun-light, precipitations, temperatures, relative air humidity, wind and other atmospheric phenomenon. Bioclimate is considered as a combination among the vegetation area and climatic elements with indexes: temperature, precipitations, wind, air humidity etc. This combination creates a complete, continued and stable view of an area or some ecologic areas in relation to indexes of bio-climate content elements. The basic indexes of use on bioclimatic ...

Seashore, generally, especially cliffs, are very often affected by problems with instability. Such problems often lead to endanger of existing properties, excavations or structures under construction and to increase in expenses. The prime trigger for land slipping is a high ground water level. The method of dewatering is important. Some traditional drainage techniques are proven methods. However, two innovative deep drainage systems, siphon drains and electropneumatic drains, could have certain advantages. Two exa...

Slag are by-products by metallurgical processes. The most famous slag are blast furnace slag and steel slag. Their treatment and using are known and their using is very extensive. Cupola slag formats by cast- iron production in cupola furnace. In some countries it is used by roadway building but in Slovakia it is waste only. In some European countries it is granulated and granulation product is used in building industry. Cupola slag is after tipping from cupola furnace casted in to slag dip and put in to waste dep...

One of the main purposes of today public policy is to find a way of encourage the sustainable development. In our econometric approach we seek to find a possible connection between the environmental components of a nation’s budget and the GDP. The hypothesis is that if the GDP permits the public decision makers could ensure a high level of environmental public utilities. Trying to identify a bound between macroeconomic aggregates and the environment is not something new. The Chinese Green GDP is something simila...

ly ash is one of the residues generated in the combustion of coal. Fly ash is generally captured from the chimneys of coal-fired power plants, all fly ash includes substantial amounts of silicon dioxide (SiO2) (both amorphous and crystalline) and calcium oxide (CaO). In the past, fly ash was generally released into the atmosphere, but pollution control equipment mandated in recent decades now requires that it be captured prior to release. Total amount of fly ash produced at coal-fired power plants is about 450 mil...

Konya is the biggest city of Turkey in terms of area and agricultural land, on the other hand sixth biggest city in terms of population. Because of the decrease of rainfall and increase in temperature, the agricultural production and daily water consumption are effected negatively in last years. Rainfall, one of the basic parameters of the hydrological cycle, has a big importance to determine the water budgets and to improve the water supply policy. In this study, monthly total rainfall data belong to Konya betwee...

The main goal of 2D and 3D object visualization is to present measured data in other way than in forms of text records and tables. FOTOM system is a general purpose platform for technical and medical image analysis. The primary target is to measure specified objects of interest. This paper covers the general description of the system and its main functions. We will briefly describe newly implemented modules for statistical evaluation, 3D modeling and 2D animation.

Main aim of this study is characterization of environmental contamination in surrounding of abandoned Sb-deposits in Slovakia by toxic elements as result of longtime mining activity. Main scientific interest is focused on migration of toxic elements in soil profile, their sources and bindings on Fe-oxyhydroxides or other natural sorbents, possibility of input to aquatic systems in studied localities. Results of chemical analyses of soil samples showed large-scale contamination of soil profiles in studied localitie...

The “Pecine” Tunnel is located on the Croatian national road D404 which connects the centre of city Rijeka and Su\vsak port with the Rijeka Bypass. Because of many specificities, namely, three-lane and four-lane sections, two connections, tunnel’s location near the residential area and railway, it was required special approach to its construction. In this paper geodetic procedure and the results of stake out supervising of some tunnel elements, cross profile surveying, as well as verification and adjustment ...

One of the main purposes of GIS is to provide organization with increased information and analyzing spatial data. A GIS can become increasingly more valuable in prediction of quantitative or qualitative variables in no measured locations when coupled to Artificial Intelligence (AI). ANN is one of the AI fields that is a highly simplified model for the biological structure of a human brain. An ANN when linked to GIS, can be useful for evaluating, monitoring, decision making and of course predicting. In this study, ...

Submitted paper describes collector of the quaternary sediments and the simulation of the groundwater in this collector. The interest area is situated to the central part of the North Bohemian Brown Coal Basin in the Czech Republic. There is one of the biggest coals opencast mine called CSA in the Czech Republic. The groundwater flow in the quaternary sediments brings in consequence great stability problem of the upper overburden cuts. We decided to construct the three dimensional geological model of the quaternar...

The growing concern for the preservation of heritage in face of natural hazards led to the appearance of the Regional Framework Operation (OQR) NOE - Heritage and Prevention of Natural Hazards under the Community Initiative INTERREG III C. The OQR NOE, led by the Provence-Alpes-Cote d’Azur (PACA, France) region, together with the Northern Portuguese regional coordination agency (CCDR-N), Molise and Sicily regions (Italy) and eastern region of Attica (Greece) aimed at developing preventive measures to safeguard t...

The climate change due to global warming is accepted among the greatest environmental problems resulted from the human effects of increasing energy consumption, urbanization and deforestation events threatening the healthy life of people and environment. Many results of the climate change due to global warming can be estimated as the melting of snow covers, terrestrial and sea icebergs, replacement of climate zones, frequent formation of severe weather events, floods that gain strength in time, severe droughts, fo...

The very sharing of resources that lies at the heart of the Grid concepts is of utmost importance in the case that we are studying. Securing the sharing of instruments through industry standard methodologies offers an unprecedented way for scientists to cooperate efficiently through standardized security means, without the incompatibility of implementing interoperability layers for each different experiment and site combination. We performed our model use case analysis in two complementary ways: by the examination...

As a foundation material, gypsum differs from other rocks in that voids may be found at almost any depth within the rock mass. Collapse structures in gypsum terrains are the most serious geological hazards because they can damage engineering structures, settlement areas, natural lakes, and allow infiltration of contaminant into the groundwater. Collapse and subsidence may occur in the course of time or suddenly and catastrophically. Presentation of engineering geological data in the form of a hazard map is a usefu...

Low rise buildings are particularly vulnerable to ground movements sourced from swelling and shrinking of the expansive clays. Geotechnical engineers have long recognized that Swelling of expansive clays caused by moisture variation may result in considerable damage to the overlying structures, and engineers should take them into the consideration. The literature contains a vast number of stabilizing techniques such as lime, cement, fly-ash for treatment of expansive clays. However the use of gypsum as a stabilizi...

The North-Western Bohemia region takes a unique position in the history of mining in the Czech Republic. Several ore districts are situated here, the welfare of which influenced the development of the Czech state in some periods. Some precious stones mining was also significant. Today the North-Bohemian Basin area is known for its largest Czech brown coal deposit. The history of mining has been mainly linked to three large ore districts in the North- Western Bohemia region. Jachymov is the most important one. It u...