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This paper experimentally investigated the effect of using nanomaterials to improve soft soils. Laboratory experimental tests were carried out on loessial soils collected from two different sites in Romania. Two different types of nanomaterials were used in this research, which is namely Nano-MgO with different percentages (0.5%, 0.75%, 1%, and 2%), and Nano-Al2O3 with percentages (0.5%,1%, and 2%), were added to the soil samples, to study their effect on the strength, consistency limits and compressibility of the...

The use of magnetic nanoparticles in biocatalysis, due to their unique properties, such as controlled particle size, large surface area, and ease of separating them and the reaction mixture by applying an external magnetic field, makes it possible to reuse enzymes immobilized on magnetic nanoparticles for catalytic processes. In this work, horseradish root peroxidase was immobilized on Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles. The carrier surface was modified and activated before enzyme immobilization using 3- aminopropyltrie...

Globally, the environment is the result of the interdependence between natural elements - water, air, soil, living things, and elements from human activity. Environmental pollution can be generally defined as the negative result of the domestic or industrial activity of any living thing that generates pollutants in the atmosphere or waste that reaches the ground or water. Numerous causes of pollution have made environmental protection one of the most important and essential problems in the world, pollution, and la...

During the process of drilling wells, it is necessary to have information about the composition of the soil layers through which the drill passes. This will optimize the parameters of rotation of the drill, the load on the drill, as a result of which equipment wear will be reduced. It will also make it possible to lay optimal trajectories during well drilling and track the penetration of the drill into the target layer. This issue is especially relevant for the oil industry, where production is carried out at grea...

Reconstruction of ports, including dredging, is intensifying all over the world. Dredging is used to dredge ports - a type of excavation that is carried out underwater or partially underwater. Dredging helps to maintain waterways and ports navigable. It is a complex process consisting of stirring, lifting, transporting and disposing of the dredged material. The material obtained by dredging may be disposed of in the vicinity of the port or transported to another location by barge or by pipes in the form of liquid ...

Computer simulation of foundry processes is an essential part of a modern foundry. The role of the gating system, its design and different elements are important in casting. Experimental verification of the designed gating system for new castings is costly, timeconsuming and economically inefficient. Therefore, these processes in the foundry are replaced by computer simulation. A detailed analysis of the simulation results makes it possible to predict various risks that may cause a failure in the quality of castin...

The processing, transport and storage of flammable materials in the form of dust generates an explosion risk due to the possibility of initiating potentially explosive atmospheres created by dust suspended in air with various ignition sources, some of which may be their own installations. As explosions can cause human casualties and severe property damage, the explosion risk assessment and the application of appropriate measures by manufacturers and users of installations to prevent the ignition of explosive atmos...

Asphalt mixtures are the most commonly used material in road construction. It is necessary to know the properties of the mixtures and their constituents, as well as the changes in properties that occur during their service life. The demands on road durability are constantly increasing. The main problem with asphalt mixtures is degradation. Due to the effects during asphalt pavement production and service, there is a gradual degradation of properties. One of the degradation factors is the impact of traffic, climate...

The impact of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions on the increase in the average temperature on the planet and the risk of initiating irreversible processes are recognized by most of the scientific community as real threats to humanity. Many countries have a legal and institutional framework for a consistent industrial policy taking into account the climate and environmental components, including carbon accounting. Russia is a country with high intensity of production-based CO2 emissions. In is well-known that ...

Sustainability within a region is achieved by providing a variety of services regarding the tourism products within an area. The Giurgeu basin in order to be able to sustain its values, needs to offer a wide variety of services that attract and increase the overnight stay of tourists. The services needed to be diversified with the beginning of the pandemic season of 2020 - 2022. These services existed before, but during the pandemic period, where the tourism suffered the most, it became evident that the entreprene...

The standard procedure for fluid preservation of insects consists of two steps. First, the specimen is killed and prepared in a fixative fluid and then transferred to a storage fluid. Recommendations for using specific chemicals or mixtures differ depending on the size and anatomy of the animal and vary among the authors. However, controlled comparative studies are often missing. The ideal method should preserve the specimen-s morphology as well as its genetic information. We have investigated the effect of 12 com...

The aim of the article was to assess the importance of Natura 2000 sites in halting land take, given that the European Commission has set itself the target of reducing land take in the EU to zero by 2050. In the surveyed area, land take is primarily a consequence of the economic activities carried out and of their pace and intensity; the density of housing also puts pressure on the phenomenon through the permanent expansion of the built-up area of the settlements (the brown belt), especially in the economically ef...

Spectrophotometric methods for total protein analysis are generally simple, rapid and sensitive. Such sensitive protein assays may have applications in forensic science, in the detection of protein contaminants in drugs and in a number of other applications of research interest. Biuret reaction with proteins and peptides is widely used in clinical and biological laboratories. In this work, instead of copper sulphate, sodium hydroxide and Seignette salt, we used insoluble copper phosphate, potassium or sodium hydro...

The electrification process of the materials and technical equipment-s, especially the external parts of them, frequently occur during their use, being sometimes an intrinsic process, such as for example flowing of a flammable liquid through a pipe. The electrification process of materials and technical equipment-s is responsible for generating, through specific mechanisms, significant quantities of electrostatic charges. The presence of electrostatic charges on materials and technical equipment-s, used in areas w...

Air pollution is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality. The fact that more cities are now improving their air quality control system is good news, so when they take action to improve air quality, they set a goal accordingly. As air quality declines, the risk of stroke, heart disease, lung cancer and chronic and acute respiratory diseases, including asthma, increases in people who live in these cities. Ambient air pollution, which contains high concentrations of fine and fine particles, poses ...

In the context of the issues discussed within, it can be noted that the main objective of this paper is related to the presentation of the European Union as one of the leading producers of green cars, whose goal is to reduce harmful emissions to protect the environment. Based on the plinth thus built, the opinion of the Bulgarian consumer on the presented European initiative should be clarified. The main objective thus launched requires the consistent clarification of the following tasks: to present the European U...

The final success of the mining business is primarily based on a correct and responsible evaluation of the mining and technical conditions of mining, resp. the mining and geological conditions of the mining site concerned, and all the legal aspects involved. By evaluating these conditions, together with the optimal choice of mining procedures, it decides on the safe and efficient use of the reserved mineral deposit in the given mining area. The mining area must be delimited and determined on the basis of the minin...

The vision of succeeding in shaping sustainable cities is representing a fascinating matter, but a challenging one. This provoking issue is including several tasks, among others connected to available possibilities for assuring needed energy supply with minimum environmental impacts. Humanity innovative thinking way has always been driving the field of shaping more efficient energy supply systems with less environmental impacts, being always a debate regarding available energy resources. Conventional energy supply...

The studies presented in this paper, were aimed at testing, in order to extend the applicability of the methodology for approaching biomonitoring methods to new domains of activity by using bioindicators. The proposed and applied methodology aimed to add new complex studies, some of that not previously used, combining macroscopic, microscopic and biochemical analyses of selected and exposed bioindicators compared to control bioindicators maintained under standardized conditions in the climate chamber. The change o...

In recent years, maritime transport in the Black Sea area, especially along the maritime transport routes that cross this area, has seen a considerable increase compared to previous years. However, navigation takes place not only in ports in Romania, Turkey, Georgia, Russia, Ukraine, and Bulgaria but also outside the Black Sea via Turkish straits, connecting with international routes. Maritime transport consists of two main components: passenger transport and freight transport, both components being directly affec...

The purpose of the analysis is to identify prospects and opportunities for the development of the oil industry of Arab countries (including Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates. Kuwait, Qatar. Oman, Iraq) as well as Iran, Venezuela, Russia and some others), in the difficult post-pandemic and political conditions of 2022. In our opinion, there is a strong influence on the oil industry of cyclical and structuralcyclical fluctuations of the world economy, along with the environmental policy of the OECD countries, l...

It is well known that atmospheric aerosols have both a direct and an indirect impact on the Earth's systems and have natural or anthropogenic origins. In this paper we present the results of the 2022 spring-time lidar measurements conducted within the European Aerosol Research Lidar Network (EARLINET) using a multi-wavelength Raman and depolarization LIDAR system operated in Cluj-Napoca, Romania. The Cluj-Napoca lidar system (CLOP) emission is based on a Nd-YAG laser Continuum INLITE II-30, which has a repetition ...

The unique lure of the America Cup Yachting race and the generous (read lavish) resources allocated to the research of the best ratio between design and performance in its history-loaded J-Class have defined some of the most spectacular ocean ships of the last hundred years. As a software modelling experiment, we have chosen to re-imagine an engineering journey, by redrawing with contemporary tools a graceful design of the 1930s: the Ranger F yacht that became the Lionheart vessel in 2010, after more than seven de...

The scope of environmental accounting includes waste and its neutralization. The activity is classified as a social minimum for the life of the population. The challenge is the growth of waste - household and non-household. Therefore, sustainable development, specifically - waste reduction and recovery, is identified as a center of state and municipal policy. These problems will be soEuroed by making sustainable management decisions. The solution to the problems is through the implementation of public-private part...

Following the increased use of sealing structures built in order to isolate historically polluted sites or to repair infiltrations inflicted to the levee of dams, it emerged the need to choose the right materials for constructing barriers using cutoff wall technique. The objective of this paper is to assess the range of suitable material combinations (water, cement and bentonite) in order to attain proper compressive strength, permeability and ductility requirements of such a structure. This paper proposes the rep...

The main idea of the article is to assess the landscape potential for the use of renewable energy systems based on systematic and landscape-ecological approaches. In general, these approaches consist of the analysis of the features of landscape components and their impact on the redistribution of energy flows in the landscape, which in turn form the potential of renewable energy resources of each specific landscape contour. A systematic approach is to consider the holistic properties of a particular landscape in t...

Improving the performance of the gypsum binder is possible by strengthening the gypsum matrix. The increase in strength is ensured by the introduction of a complex of mineral and chemical additives. The use of waste as components of such a complex solves a set of problems. The market is saturated with competitive and high-quality materials. Designed materials meet modern requirements. In addition, the problems of waste disposal, freeing up space, environmental protection and reducing the resource intensity of prod...

The article presents the current state and views of the author in connection with the creation of a Geoinformation system for the territory of Bulgaria within the meaning of the Geodesy and Cartography Act. The provisions of this law on this issue are from its entry into force, i.e. since 2006 and so far, there is no officially published information on actions in this direction, except for the creation and maintenance of Web applications with information on materials and data from the Bulgarian Geocartfond and inf...

The research is part of the -Design of an intelligent system to forecast landslides' processes and their influence on the roads' technical and operational characteristics- project financed by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan by AP09260066 program. The research goal is in surveying deformed parts of -Almaty-Cosmostation- automobile road nearby critical slopes to identify in the next phases the causes of pavement degradation and formulate then the recommendation to prevent such deg...

The global development of society requires constant updating of the objectives that education pursues and how they are achieved. Science education is an area undergoing advanced transformation, both at the level of objectives and methodologies, with a strong social, economic, and knowledge impact. Research-based education is a well-established term, especially in the higher education system. More studies and key policy documents argue that education must be based on cutting-edge research. Essential in this equatio...

The forest industry is an important sector of the economy of many countries, because the timber grown in it can be used for achieving various economic goals, including increasing added value and exports. However, the social functions of forestry: rural employment and the availability of forests, in the form of various ecosystem services, are also important to the public. Forests are home to various protected species, and forest biotopes, biotopes associated with forests as well as the biodiversity of forests play ...

In accordance with the latest trends, considerable emphasis is put on all mining companies in the Czech Republic not only on reducing the environmental impact of brown coal mining, but also on overall efficiency, the balance of which can be improved by increasing of the operational reliability of individual components of technological units and reducing operating costs. And it is the latter sphere, in that Vrsanska uhelna a.s. does considerable initiative. In cooperation with the firm RENOMAG s.r.o. and the Resear...

Magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC) is a non-hydraulic binder produced in a more eco-efficient way than Portland cement and due to its favorable properties represents its promising alternative in the production of construction materials for specific applications. The specific advantage of MOC is the fact that it can accommodate organic as well as inorganic substances in the form of fillers, aggregates, additives, reinforcement, etc. which enables enriching properties and performance of the final composite material....

The paper deals with the current state and development of smart cities in the Czech Republic in the context of sustainable mobility and transport and the improvement of the quality of life inhabited by small-scale cities. Today, cities are exposed to many challenges and are looking for new efficient transport solutions that will ease existing infrastructure, improve public space, and promote sustainable modes of transport. The growth of individual car traffic has caused numerous social conflicts and environmental ...

One of the most important properties of soils is soil texture. Soil texture is defined as a collection of soil particles of different sizes - i.e. grain size. Particle analysis is a laboratory process that causes material dislocation into individual particles. The methods for the actual soil grain size analyses are based on the standard. This is the sieving test, the density test or the pipetting method. These methods are well known and widely used. The soil is then usually classified according to the triangular d...

The benefits of using biopolymers in the food industry have motivated the scientists to develop products with better characteristics than the regular ones. Biocompatibility with the human body, edibility and ease of use have paved the way for biopolymers such as agar, sodium alginate, carrageenan, chitosan, etc. for using it in the biomedical and pharmaceutical industries. In addition to their well-known characteristics, biopolymers have the ability to incorporate various natural substances, representing an almost...

Drought indicator systems help decision-makers to understand how and where the drought occurred and to take measures from the Drought Management Plans. The main goal in the Water Framework Directive (WFD) is the achievement -good ecological status-, but the Article 4.6 allows temporary deterioration of the status, occurred as a result of so called -prolonged drought-. Reduction of natural water resources such as rivers, lakes, aquifers, is associated with the reduction in available water resources for water supply...

During development, flows are formed within the route and gradient conditions by trough-forming processes. Sensitive changes of the landscape and interventions in the water flows caused mainly in the last century in Czechia and the pressure of agricultural management are the cause of major changes in flows and more frequent occurrences of hydrological extremes. These phenomena cause problems in the form of migration permeability, higher pollution concentrations or higher water temperatures. The aim of the paper wa...

ADI (Austempered Ductile Iron) - a bainitic ductile iron in which the resulting structure is obtained by the isothermal decay of austenite in the bainite region is currently a very promising material, which has a very wide application in various industries. It is characterized by a particularly favorable combination of strength and ductility, which exceeds the properties of heat-treated steels in the strength range of 800 - 1500 MPa. Its production is problematic because the ferritic or ferritic-pearlitic SGI (sph...

Whether it is climate fluctuations or lasting one-way changes, it is clear that the climate today is not the same as it was a few decades ago. The question is no longer whether the change of climate exists, but in what way and to what extent it affects nature, man and his activity, how to mitigate it, and how to adapt to it. For this purpose, however, it is necessary to accurately determine the magnitude and direction of change of individual climatic elements and phenomena, given their diverse manifestations at th...

The carrying out of human activities of an industrial nature involves the use, handling or accidental presence of substances of a toxic nature such as carbon oxide. The presence of this gas in closed or semi-closed spaces can seriously affect the human body and when concentrations are high it can lead to death. Knowing how carbon oxide affects the human body and how it disperses into the air is very important for establishing preventive measures. Also, in order to establish the escape routes and the refuge areas, ...

Studies aimed at improving the efficiency of the field preparation of hydrogen sulfide and mercaptan-containing oil are especially relevant in connection with the tightening of regulatory requirements for quality and safety indicators of commercial oil. The Technical Regulation (TR) of the Eurasian Economic Union TR 045/2017 -On the safety of oil prepared for transportation and (or) use- establishes uniform requirements for the safety indicators of oil delivered through trunk pipelines, as well as used as a raw ma...

The main purpose of the research was to create a comprehensive methodology to assess, predict and prevent the consequences of the negative impact of water-reservoirs on the environment, provide the safety of population and infrastructure; to find a way allowing jointly realize the interests of hydropower and coast protection. To achieve this goal, the following methods were used: full-scale experiment, field-expedition surveys on operating reservoirs, informational analysis, mathematical methods of least squares, ...

Using remote sensing functional aspects of the landscape such as energy exchange between vegetation and the atmosphere, surface reflectance or vegetation heat flux can be monitored and evaluated in detail. Multispectral imagery is used to obtain information on the condition of the vegetation and plant growth, as it allows us to obtain information on possible nutrient deficiencies, pest damage or other manifestations of abiotic stress on the plants. Each surface reflects and emits radiation at different wavelengths...

Although originally developed for military purposes, Global Navigation Satellite Systems have become indispensable for an ever-growing range of civil and scientific applications such as cartography, cadastral and land information systems, transport systems, precision agriculture, self-driving vehicles, rescue missions, etc. The accuracy of positioning by means of GNSS, however, is affected by atmospheric distortions of the GNSS signals as well as by the characteristics of the receiver (e.g. number of channels, fir...

Three photovoltaic (PV) systems with the identical solar panels, the same charge controllers, and similar loads, but with different used battery types: AGM deep-cycle, LiFePO4 and lead-carbon were installed in Riga, Latvia for a long-term monitoring and analysis of the operation efficiency and potential energy losses in batteries under real operation conditions. Results of one full year of monitoring are analysed in this paper resulting quantitative indicators during different seasons. During the wintertime with l...

The purpose of the paper is to clarify the formation mechanism of the devastating flood in the town of Svilengrad, in the Republic of Bulgaria, in June 2012. The systemic approach is used to analyze flood formation mechanisms and improve under-standing of the complex interactions between the factors determining the formation and manifestation of floods. The spatial analysis method takes a central place in the examination of the flood formation mechanisms, using GIS as a tool for analysis. Hydraulic model for the 9...

As the population of metropolitan areas grows, so does the need for private and public outdoor space. In turn, in some EEA (European Economic Area) countries, urban populations are declining, reducing outdoor requirements, and increasing the potential for biodiversity or land degradation. The understanding of private property and its value is constantly evolving and improving. Private property and public outdoor space can mean both concepts or be considered separately. The aim of research on the economic value of ...

In 2004, a digital terrain model (DTM) was created in Serbia. It was obtained by vectorizing isohypses on topographic maps with a scale of 1: 25000. The resolution of the digital model of Serbia is 30 m, and the vertical accuracy, as the authors claim, is 10 m. From December 2021, the global model FABDEM (Forest And Buildings removed Copernicus DEM) is available to the public. It was created based on the data of the Copernicus GLO30 model so that data on forests and buildings were removed from it. Important featur...

The results of a comparative analysis of hunting management in Ukraine and the Czech Republic are presented. Innovative methods of hunting management: the newest in the European hunting practice are shown. The success of Czech hunters shows that despite significant social and economic changes in the country, thanks to the observance of traditions, timely improvement of the regulatory framework, training of specialists, care for hunters and the hunting fund it is possible to ensure a significant increase in the num...