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98% of total explosives used for civil uses are consumed by Polish mining plants, with 2.5 thousands of tonnes of explosives used in bituminous coal mines yearly. Bituminous mines are now facing the necessity of implementing a new project for preparing a system for recording the distribution of blasting materials. The execution of projects related to the implementation of new technologies at each organization, with Polish bituminous coal mines in particular, apart from problems related to legal, economical, techni...

The paper demonstrates the necessity for Russia to review its development strategy for energy markets and ensure phased transition to energy efficient technologies. Although the Paris Climate Agreement only outlines certain guidelines, implementing its provisions will have an impact on the Russian economy. The reason is that many countries have already embarked on a journey to carbon-free solutions and prevent products that do not meet their standards from accessing their domestic markets. Applying the Paris Agree...

The aim of our investigation is to reconstruct the local and regional palaeoenvironmental conditions and to highlight the rapid evolution of the thermokarst lake during the Holocene climate optimum. The investigated lake was located in Central Yakutia, Siberia, Russia. The investigated core was collected in a small pingo within a large Central Yakutian thermokarst Khara Bulgunnyakh basin (alas). According to ephippium analysis the formation of the lake coincided with the Holocene climatic optimum. Using cluster an...

Sites that arise after mining in our country are mostly unique habitats and should be dealt adequately. This fact is valid in particular for smaller sites of mining and mineral extraction. However, the restoration should not rely just on spontaneous succession. If there in the area are developing or is there a prerequisite of development of plant communities with important species (refuge, hot spots), it is always necessary to support the development of desirable successional stages, and, vice versa eliminate inva...

The article presents the results of test georadar measurements performed in the test area of ZakrzпїЅwek in Krakow (Province of Ma?opolska, Poland). The studied area is located on limestone formations, with numerous structures of karst origin (caves, sinks, sinkholes). A number of tests were carried out in the field with the use of ProEx System and RAMAC/GPR CU II of the Swedish company Mala GeoScience. Shielded antennas, with the frequencies of 100, 250, 500, 800 and 1600MHz, as well as unshielded antennas, with ...

Silica fume is a waste product created in the production process of metallic silicon, ferrosilicon and other silicon alloys in the electric arc furnace with or without heat recuperation of flue gasses. Microsilica as a waste hazardous to the environment after years of studies in laboratories and science institutes found its use in civil engineering. The utilization of silica fumes in civil engineering is mostly visible in the technology of high performance concretes (HPC). The examination of imposed thermal stress...

In this paper, resolve of improvement methods of performance of an elementary thermoacoustic cooler using the CFD approach was investigated. The research is based on preparing of possibly most accurate mathematical model of already constructed elementary cooling device and accomplishment of its further numerical analyses using commercially available numerical environment. In order to determine adequate methods of performance improvement, relevant changes in boundary conditions - concerning device geometry, materia...

In modern mining a tendency is observed to extend underground development of near open-pit reserves in thick ore deposits because of increase of open-pits ready to complete open mining operations or technical elimination. Researchers of Mining Institute KSC RAS have established that when developing the near open-pit reserves by mining systems of ore and country rock caving, the parameters of ore excavation and mining safety increase due to controlling ore drawing and constructing a thermal insulating layer. The ma...

The article is devoted to the improvement of circular saw machines with pneumatic drive of cutting mechanism. Currently, circular saws are widely used for producing of sawn timber because they have high productivity. The drive of saw blades more often is carried out by electric motors through additional transmission (gear, belt, etc.). In the recent literature are offered technical solutions, in which as a drive of circular saws provided by using of pneumatic. Energy source interacts with the circular saw will all...

Permanent improvement in the companies is reflecting also in area of living environment, mainly in area of waste management. Improving of business processes and looking for possibility how to avoid waste rising, how to limit their rising in the companies and in production activities, how to use technologies, saving natural sources, decreasing negative impacts to the living environment, recovering waste by recycling and reuse, and how to produce products, not creating waste for the client. All of the mentioned is g...

The purpose of this work was to investigate the possibility of wood preservation by its modification with different substances through the penetration method and to study the impact of the process on some operational properties of the wood material. The experiments were conducted with poplar wood (samples 10x1x1 cm), which has low density with well-developed capillary system, good absorption capacity and belongs to low operational capacities tree species. Alkaline activated hydrolysis lignin (AAHL), Cu2S and Malei...

Mining technical reclamation as the main technological process for the development of ore deposits with the open method, as well as the cost optimization of reclamation, taking into account possible technical solutions have been considered in the paper. The investigation proves that the time gap between the soil disturbance and reclamation should be minimal, that is, reclamation must be carried out not at the final stage of mining, but in the process of mineral mining. The reclamation time is directly related to t...

Depletion of soil fertility due to decrease in soil organic matter content represents a considerable problem in both developed and undeveloped countries. This paper deals with the comparison of compost (Cp) and mineral nitrogen fertilizer (NF) application on selected soil parameters which indicate state of soil environment, its health and quality. The main objectives of this study were (a) to investigate influence of Cp and NF application on total nitrogen (TN) and carbon (TC) content in soil (b), to determine pos...

Homogenization and geometric accuracy improvement of the heterogeneous geospatial data is possible by means of application of the adaptive transformation model and transformation model based on the radial basis functions. This can be achieved if the transformation models are based on a sufficient number of the adequate identical points that contain reliable information on the non-uniform and irregularly distributed positional distortions. Accuracy of the transformation final results depends on the choice of the tr...

Despite of the significant reduction of the injuriesпїЅ number in recent years, Poland belongs to the countries with high rates of accidents at work. One of the leading industries in accidents at work is hard coal mining. The accidents occurring, their effects, and the poor condition of health of employees (due to working in adverse conditions of physical work environment) are the cause of significant financial loss of victims, their employers, and also the entire society. Therefore the question is: what action sh...

The electrical power industry of the Russian Federation based on the performance of thermal power stations (TPS) is the largest consumer of the Russian coals. Currently the long-term development program of the Russian coal industry for the period till 2030 is adopted. One of its purposes is increasing supply of the Russian coal for power industry in the domestic market. The researchers dealing with the issues of power industry emphasize the drawbacks of the coal industry having negative influence on optimization o...

Communities are now working to prevent over-consumption of natural resources since the importance of protection of natural resources rising for improving environmental awareness through sustainable design solutions. Conventional issues mostly focused on to the forms and related functions of products. However, there is an urgent need to look beyond surface to develop environmentally friendly design solutions for sustainable development of cities. Environmentally aware design need to be redefined, as it converts env...

The effectiveness of using different beneficiation techniques of low-grade iron ore deposits of Assen iron ore mine in Thabazimbi, South Africa has been investigated. The sample received was confirmed to be low grade haematitic iron ore containing (39.18% Fe and 40.29% Si) both lumps and fines. The most abundant gangue present was silica. The different beneficiation methods such as shaking table, drum magnetic separation and reverse flotation were compared on the basis of which one yields a better grade that can b...

The quality of the products is a sum of functions, features and useful properties that make the product to satisfy a social need and thus to be appreciated be the user. Quality involves requirements of technical, economic, aesthetic, ergonomic nature, whose content evolves in step with social needs and is measured by the degree of utility and economic efficiency provided by the product within the scope of its users. One of the methods used to improve quality is Quality Function Deployment (QFD), which is a process...

The quality and issues related to quality assurance of goods has concerned scientists and especially practitioners for a long time.One of the methods used to improve quality is value analysis, which allows to reduce unnecessary or disproportionate costs of some parts of the products compared to the contributions on quality that those parties bring. By using this method is determined to increase the quality of the products, optimising the size of the essential properties and functions. In the present work it is int...

National Institute for Earth Physics (NIEP) has started the development of its own realtime seismic network since 2002. The network is designed to monitor the seismic activity on Romania territory, which is dominated by intermediate earthquake from the Vrancea area. In present the network consist of 115 seismic stations and two seismic array. The seismic stations are equipped with Quanterra Q330 or Basalt digitizers, broad-band seismometers (STS2, CMG40T, CMG 3ESP, CMG3T, PBB-200s) or shortperiod sensors (MARK L4C...

The research program consisted of 3 tests series that was carried out in a foundation cushion using recycled concrete aggregates as stuffing material and geosynthetic materials such as geogrids and geocells as reinforcement. It has been used a steel box with following dimensions 1x1x1.5 m. At the top of the foundation cushion it was sat a concrete foundation (with an area of 0.4 x 0.4 m) and there were applied vertically centered static loads. The dynamic loads were applied using a shaking table that has a maximum...

Considering that there are more and more situations where there is a need of building structures on low strength capacity grounds, we need to find efficient methods not only from the technic-economical point of view, but also from the time consuming point of view. The rapid impact compaction method is also an energy efficient method because there can be used any type of ground found in the site (gravel). The process itself itпїЅs the usage of a device that consists in falling weight of 5 to 9 tons from a controlle...

The purpose of this research was to improve the nutritional and sensory properties of butter biscuits by addition of grape pomace. The pomace derived from two grape varieties, Pinot Noir and Italian Riesling, was dried at 60пїЅC for 8 hours daily, three days in a row. In the butter biscuits recipe, the wheat flower was replaced with three doses of grape pomace (10, 20 and 30%) added in the form of powder. A control sample, without any addition of grape pomace, was also prepared. The biscuits were analyzed in terms...

In-situ combustion is an effective thermal recovery process for heavy oils and natural bitumen. It is widely accepted what the success of an in-situ combustion depends on a stable combustion front. However, field and laboratory data show that combustion front is often unstable, which severely limits the wide application of in-situ combustion technique. The goal of this work is to develop oil-soluble metal-based catalyst to improve the combustion behavior of heavy oils, and thus achieve a stable combustion front. I...

In the paper a novel technique of impulsive noise suppression in color digital images is proposed. The new filtering design is based on the exploration of the local pixel neighborhood by geodesic digital paths, whose cost defined as a sum of squared Euclidean distances between adjacent pixels in the RGB color space, serves as a measure of pixel corruption. The digital paths link the border of a filtering window with its central pixel and the cost of a path with minimum value is used to discriminate between the noi...

Phosphate removal from wastewater is necessary at sewage treatment plant before discharging into the natural streams due to many reasons especially to preserve phosphate and to avoid eutrophication. Magnetite nanoparticles stabilized on ZSM-5 zeolites were used to adsorb, remove and recover phosphate from said wastewater. Three samples namely, magnetite, magnetite@ZSM5 and ZSM-5 were used for batch adsorption experiments. Results indicated the highest phosphate removal efficiency for magnetite@ZSM-5 material. Magn...

In Western Romanian Carpathians most of the permanent grasslands are comprised in High Nature Value areas, they being used in extensive manner. The main constraints reflected on the grasslands from the analysed area are represented by depopulation and decrease of the number of grazing animals. One of the main consequences of the decrease of the anthropic pressure on the vegetation sward is the increase of the incidence of the invasive native and non-native plants species. In some situations they are producing grea...

Historical buildings are a major part of European and national cultural heritage which people all around the world decided should be preserved for the future. In order to conserve both the construction elements and the thermal comfort, it is crucial to find the optimal configuration of the energy related equipment. These units, besides fulfilling the parameters of thermal comfort, are also subject to the EU Ecodesign and energy labeling requirements and must meet a series of architectural restrictions. This articl...

In Romania, there are great possibilities for conversion and use of renewable energies, especially wind and solar energy. In order to maximize solar energy conversion, both as thermal energy and electrical energy, there are used sun tracking systems for solar thermal or photovoltaic panels, implying various types of drive: electric, pneumatic or hydrostatic. Based on the experience of more than 50 years in the field of hydraulic and pneumatic drives owned by the Institute INOE 2000-IHP, there have been designed tr...

Multispectral television measurements can be used for applied tasks of environmental monitoring, in particular for measuring the parameters of phytoplankton in aqueous media. In this case, the concentration of phytoplankton particles in the water volume is determined, the average particle sizes and the average concentration of chromophores in the near-surface layer. The aim of the work is to improve the multispectral television method to increase the accuracy of measuring the parameters of phytoplankton. An improv...

The paper is a technical analysis for choosing the heat supply source of a technological heat consumer requiring steam at 2 parameters pairs: 32 bar & 400?C, respectively 6.4 bar & at least 200?C. The analysis of the whole combined heat and power plant (CHPP) processes and performances are performed for 4 CHPP designs, all of them with Gas Turbines (GT) and Heat Recovery Steam Generators (HRSG), through the numerical modeling of the processes in the CHPP components and by assembling them. The computing steps are: ...

In the article the authors propose a gradual abandonment of the outdated practice of early/urgent importation of energy resources to remote settlements and industrial facilities. Marked the main directions of studies in the perspective of transition from a research and development level to a level of industrial application. Examined the nature of gas hydrates decomposition with the purpose of developing a modern technology of transportation and storage of natural gas and its components in the hydrated state. Advan...

Taking into consideration that Romania is confronted with many difficulties in the treatment of wastewater, especially in its rural and less populated areas, this paper proposes to present some possibilities to increase the treatment capacity of wastewater in a small Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) plant. The functioning of the SBR operation compartment was automated by using predefined time, i. e., a programmable controller. In order to identify the possible ways in which the wastewater treatment capacity could be...

The conversion of the solar energy depends mostly on the irradiance of the Sun at the level of the photovoltaic panel. Another significant factor that modifies the solar energy conversion is the temperature at the surface of the PV panel. The energy output of the Sun is fairly constant, but the solar irradiance varies significantly from one hour to another and changes throughout the day. In this paper we are presenting the design of a simple but effective MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracker) charge controller based ...

From the modern point of view, geochemical barriers (GCB) are the self-organizing components of geochemical systems (GCS), where occurs the activization of physical and chemical processes, which leads to the transformation of the association of chemical elements and compounds media. Currently, this approach allows for the development of effective technologies for the protection and purification of the polluted components of the geological environment, including the underground water and neighbor media. In the arti...

In the process of geoid determination one of the most important problems is to determine the effect of topographic masses. Traditionally, solving that particular problem started with the reduction of gravity on the geoid and subsequent calculations the effects of the reduction on the value of the geoid undulations i.e. calculating the indirect effect of reduction. In this paper a model of the indirect effect of Helmert method of condensation over the territory of Serbia was shown. The model was created on the in 5...

The contribution deals with the indoor air quality (IAQ) in residential prefabricated panel houses, which represent a significant proportion of the housing stock in the Czech Republic. Ensuring the health and comfort of users is a phenomenon of present time in accordance with the principles of sustainable development. Almost two thirds of building occupants suffer from the symptoms of Sick Building Syndrome (SBS). Concentration of pollutants in indoor environments increases due to increasing of airtightness of the...

The paper analysis the influence of indoor temperature in case of a 2-roomпїЅs apartment built in the years 1975-1985, upon the thermal heating energy consumption. Thus, the thermal energy consumption is determined considering the thermal insulation measurements of the buildings elements taking in account a variation of the indoor temperature from 20?C until 24?C, according to the Romanian calculus methodology. The resulted values are compared with the experimental measurements realized for a 2 rooms apartment wit...

Indoor environmental quality in the residential sector significantly influences the occupantsпїЅ wellbeing, having consequences on health and productivity. Integration of strategies of solar energy use, in passive system in the building architecture, is intended to reduce not only the energy consumption for heating, from non-renewable sources, but also to provide a healthy and comfortable environment for occupants. This paper presents the results of a study that aimed to assess the quality of the indoor environmen...

The aim of the study was to determine the condition of indoor environmental quality in the selected elementary school through quantitative and qualitative determination of physical and chemical factors, and subjective assessment (questionnaires). Differences between indoor air temperatures in both seasons were small (up to 1пїЅC). The recommended value of 1000 ppm for concentrations of CO2 by Von Pettenkofer was exceeded in all monitored classrooms. Limit value for PM10 (50 ?g/m3) was exceeded by 52.4% (winter) an...

In this paper was described a method of conducting the extraction of mineral waste from a closed mineral waste disposal facility which, for decades, has been the area of natural succession compliant with the principles of sustainable development. The facility was opearted in the period from 1968 up to 1980. During that period circa 10 mlilion tons of tailings from flotation of sandstone and carbonate copper ore were deposited. The tailings consist of of silicon dioxide, carbonate, silicates, and also aluminosilica...

The aim of this paper is to present results of numerical analysis of a bird model impact with a helicopter windshield. It appears that the research findings which take into consideration the birdпїЅs shape differ from those using a simplified bird model in the shape of a cylinder or a sphere. Overall, at higher speeds the windshield becomes pierced and its damage process occurs in a different manner. In order to conduct an analysis of a bird impact onto an aircraft windshield, we used the LS_DYNA software package....

Wear-resistant composite coatings reinforced with Al2O3 nanoparticles (20nm) obtained by electroless technique are analysed in this paper. The structure and surface morphology of coatings with alumina nanoparticles embedded in the Ni-P alloy for different quantities of alumina in the nickel-plating bath (3g/L, 5g/L and 8g/L) are presented. Nanocomposite electroless coatings are characterized by optical microscopy, XRD and SEM. Microstructure of the composites has revealed uniform distribution of Al2O3 nanoparticle...

Tons of pharmacologically active substances are used by human annually in medicine, agriculture, and for farm-animal production. The influence of pharmaceutical antibiotics (benzylpenicillin, pharmazin, and nystatin) in different doses (100, 300, 450, and 600 mg/kg) on a number of microorganisms of the chernozem region has been studied. All tested doses of pharmaceutical antibiotics had a significant inhibitory effect on the abundance of soil microorganisms. Bactericidal drugs (benzylpenicillin) are most effective...

One of the commonly present gas hazard in hard coal mines methane hazard. The most endangered region by this hazard, during ventilation of longwall in пїЅU from boundariesпїЅ system is the crossing with ventilation roadway (so called пїЅupper corner of longwallпїЅ). Accumulation of methane in this place results from its release from goaf. Therefore, in order to decrease methane concentration in this region, auxiliary ventilation devices are used. They are aimed to supply to this place such an amount of fresh air, ...

For identification of pollutants, assessment of integrated toxicity biotesting is especially perspective. S. cerevisiae yeast is a convenient model eukaryotic organism for carrying out toxicological researches and an economic alternative to use of animals in biotesting. However the known biotests with use of yeast differ in labor input, demand the special equipment. We have offered express test-reaction with use of S.cerevisiae. It is known that S. cerevisiae as yeast of riding fermentation intensively forms foam ...

There are many technologies in road construction to ensure the better parameters of materials, mainly strength and deformation parameters and in recent years are very interesting and necessary so called environmentally acceptable technologies. With the development in the field of asphalt pavements there are various types of organic or chemical additives applied. The main reason of this application is to reduce the temperature used for producing and especially for laying of asphalt mixture. Chemical additives are s...

The purpose of this study was to determine an optimal variant for producing skimmed stirred yoghurt with chia powder. Three variants of product with chia powder at levels of 0.3%, 0.5%, respectively 0.7% and two control samples have been manufactured. Chia was used due to its remarkable content in fibre, ?-3 and ?-6 fatty acids, polyphenols, which are essential compounds for a healthy human body. The physicalchemical parameters (acidity, pH, dry matter) and rheological properties of yogurts samples were determined...

Mining and processing activities are accompanied by air pollution. The paper assesses air and soil quality on the territory of copper-sulphide ores mining and processing plant in 2010пїЅ2013. The mining enterprise consists of a quarry, reclamation plant with a tailing pond, experimental-production facility for heap leaching and an underground mine under construction. The deposit has six ore shoots. Three of them are now excavated by surface mining, the underground mining techniques will be used for the others. Pro...