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There is known about 57 species of Legionella bacteria which contains at least 79 serogroups. Some of them are considered as a potential human pathogens. Legionella occurs in natural and artificial water environment, especially in technical water supplies. The main cause of infection is an inhalation of aerosol infected by the bacteria. The preliminary research was performed. The main purpose was verification of bacteria from Legionella group occurrence in hot water installations, in public buildings and assessmen...

The parfen horizon was formed in a wide range of environments. Therefore we offer methods of lithogeochemistry for paleogeographic reconstruction, stratigraphic breakdown and correlation. The parfen horizon of Kovykta field has been chosen as a subject of investigation. The samples of sandstone strata P1 and P2 have been collected there. Geochemical features of these rocks have been studied relying on 22 measurements of petrogenic oxides contents realized by X-ray fluorescence analysis and on 54 measurements of tr...

In the 1970s the rainbow trout species (Parasalmo (O.) mykiss Walbaum, 1792) had been introduced in Kazakhstan water bodies by three batches from Kamchatka nurseries (Russia). Investigations of condition of the introduced trout have not been performed since 1982. We conducted the field researches in two lakes and six rivers in the Almaty region (Republic of Kazakhstan) during 2015-2016. Geographical and hydrological characteristics had been studied directly during expeditions, made in six river heads, along their ...

The most important duties of the marine engines supervisors regarding to the operation of diesel marine engines is maintaining the serviceability of cylinder liners and piston rings of ship engines which includes extremely important process of running in piston rings an liners running after overhauling. During this process proper engine load to be maintained. and cylinder liners lubrication to be properly adjusted. This process can better monitored to avoid mistakes with procedures and can reduce cylinder lubricat...

Geochemical barriers are the special type of natural systems boundaries. They prevent the penetration of some of substances and are open for the migration of others. For the inorganic substances, especially for the metal ions the barriers are studied enough completely: the models of barriers are developed, the penetration and accumulation kinetic is assessed. But for the organic compounds the role of the geochemical barriers is practically not studied. Especially important are such assessments from the point of vi...

It is a well-known fact that a construction is as strong as its foundations are. Nowadays the constructions sites with good soils for foundations are fewer and fewer. One of the most encountered issue on sites, especially in road construction is the presence of highly cohesive soils, soils that are easily affected by the change of the water content. Active clay soils present a problematic challenge for civil and geotechnical engineers all over the world. Key aspects that need identification when dealing with expan...

Innovative aerobic granular sludge (AGS) technology has proved its ability to remove organic pollutants and nutrients from wastewater treatment at the same efficiency, but at a lower costs than conventional biological process. This technology has been successfully applied in sequencing batch reactor (SBR) configuration. An experimental model bioreactor was designed for adapting the AGS technology to continuous flow conditions. This paper presents numerical results for hydrodynamics and air dispersion into bioreact...

The energetic requalification of the existing buildings stock is a key question in the attainment of the ambitious program regarding the energy efficiency proposed by European Union. There are several measures taken to increase the energy efficiency, both for new buildings and for existing buildings, such us the 20 ? 20 ? 20 EU Policy and the Nearly Zero Energy Buildings goal set by the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive 2010/31/EC, which gives the guidelines to be followed in order to attenuate the energy ...

The research aim is to estimate the profit a forest owner can earn per full forest rotation cycle from forest stands of dominant coniferous species in Latvia, selling both the assortment of logs and biomass (BM) from final felling. The research analysed the situation in privately managed forests, composed of the coniferous species ? Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) and Scots pine (Pinus syllvestris L.) ? in different forest types in Latvia. The calculation of revenue from forest product sales took into account both ...

Network steganography could be used to try to send secret information using computer networks. Transfer of secret information must be carried out in a manner that is hard to detect and compromise covered communication in this way. Only the entities involved in such correspondence should have the right to read the content of message. For other observers, such data exchange should not arise any suspicion. Currently, a lot of interest among scientists is paid to topics of assessment of the suitability of various netw...

Determination of the threats arising from the vibrations generated by geotechnical works, like sheet pile or pile driving, often requires special monitoring of buildings located in the area of vibration. Monitoring allows distinguishing the vibrations affecting the structures from vibrations clearly perceptible by humans, but not strongly affecting the building. In some limited cases, dynamic analysis enables for designing an active generator, reducing dynamic impact of foundation works. The article presents the p...

Iodine adducts are increasingly being used as the drugs and materials with antimicrobial properties. Using them as biocidal reactive materials in the highly crowded premises, hospitals and maternity homes, can stop the development of epidemics caused by microbes that are resistant to common antibiotics. The iodine adducts formed in the lysine-iodine-potassium iodide system served as the object of the present study. The purpose of the work was to obtain data on structural-phase transformations in the genesis of iod...

Paper deals with important aspects of organization and implementation of transport operations and transport processes between points of origin and points of consumption in order to meet requirements of GS1 standards to fulfill supply chain needs. Requirements for smart transport units are defined from point of view standards and logistic processes. Smart logistic unit is equipped by designed information unit (hardware, software and communication). This information unit processes raw data from logistic or transport...

Construction of water storage lakes, necessary for different uses (irrigation in agriculture, water supply for population), implies sizing of the facility so that it can permit the transition of flood flows that could happen on the river where the water storage lake is positioned (built). Such a water storage lake is dimensioned, according to normative standards, for a flood which corresponds to a certain probability calculation. Taking into account the fact that frequently from the moment of finishing the constru...

The results of methane and total hydrogen sulphide detection in bottom sediments of small rivers as well as fresh and slightly saline water bodies of the Eastern Donbass are presented. The content of CH4 in sediments of water bodies of Eastern Donbass varies between 0.04-26.8 ?g/g wet mass (w.m.), ?H2S content varies from to less 0.005 than 4.02 mg/g w.m. The maximum concentrations of methane were recorded in the bottom sediments of the Glubokaya River (Station No. 7), while the maximum of the content ?H2S is conf...

Building a telecommunications system based on routers allows you to use traffic prioritization to improve the quality of user traffic, regardless of network technology. This new feature, compared to networks built entirely on hubs, is a consequence of the fact that routers buffer packets before they are sent to another port. The router usually leads for each input and output port not one but several queues, each queue having its own processing priority. The efficiency of the network depends on the capacity of the ...

Small hydroelectric power plants (SHPP) are accepted by the legislation of EU Member States to benefit from renewable energy promotion scheme through various market mechanism. The SHPPs are a particular form and case of hydroelectric power plants (HPP) and are having a maximum capacity of 10 MW. Since the green certificate (GC) promotion scheme was awarded in Romania (2008), a considerable number of SHPP were constructed and commissioned in the last years. These projects have the same philosophy as a large hydro, ...

A decade of improvements and new development of tools for observation statistics, standard point positioning, clock-jumps and cycle-slip detection and other interruptions over all constellations, frequencies and signals, satellite elevations and azimuths, elevation-specific histograms, satellite ascending/descending times for horizon and user elevation cut-off, pseudo-range multipath and noise, carrier-phase signal-to-noise ratio, data gaps and small data pieces and other useful lists and statistics allow us to an...

The paper analysis the influence of indoor temperature in case of a 2-room?s apartment built in the years 1975-1985, upon the thermal heating energy consumption. Thus, the thermal energy consumption is determined considering the thermal insulation measurements of the buildings elements taking in account a variation of the indoor temperature from 20?C until 24?C, according to the Romanian calculus methodology. The resulted values are compared with the experimental measurements realized for a 2 rooms apartment with ...

Due to more and more restrictive environment requirements in the field of pollutant emissions of co-generative plants are imposing researches related to the more efficient work of those related to duct burners. Within in a co-generative group, placing the post combustion setup before the turbo engine makes that engine's performances to be influenced related to: flame stability, efficiency and emissions. The paper presents the results of a duct burner achieved on a test bench, when it operates at partial loads on n...

The goal of study was to develop the method of food biopreparations production based on corn extract and DDGS - liquid waste of starch and ethanol production for usage in food products as acidity regulators instead of very expensive organic acids. Processes of waste bioconversion using Lactobacillus Acidophilus were the basis for biopreparations production. There were developed the modes of cultivation of lactic acid bacteria on nutrient media, the stages of productions were determined, chemical and biochemical co...

Biomass as fuel is processed to make it comfortable for use for energy purposes. Solid compacted biofuels are produced based on sawdust wood or clean wood waste. Their quality is dependent on density, moisture content and chemical composition. The aim of the study was to evaluate the usability of selected compacted fuels (briquettes). This assessment was made upon the basis of a developed total quality index. Compacted biofuels are the products which depend on general market laws and their commercial characteristi...

Numerous past studies proved the potential of fluorescence spectroscopy to characterize aquatic organic matter and its link to function and chemical water quality. It was proposed as an optimum monitoring method due to its advantages, such as: rapid measurements, high sensitivity and selectivity, requires small quantities of sample with little or no sample preparation. Although fluorescence spectroscopy was used on different types of water systems, no complex study was undertaken to compare the fluorescence signal...

Considered here is the problem of cooling water-cooled reactors in an emergency, including in emergencies involving a blackout. This problem has become particularly important after the events that occurred at the Japanese nuclear power plant, ?Fukushima-1.? Here we present a new emergency reactor-cooling system developed at the Department of Energy Problems at the Saratov Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences. We propose a new way to provide redundant, auxiliary power for nuclear power plants (NPPs) throu...

One of the main tasks of water management is to achieve good water quality. Important auxiliary tools in this case are mathematical models that currently are incorporated in almost every numerical model, used to solve problems in everyday practice of water management and engineering. A dispersion coefficient is one of the crucial input parameters of transport processes. The paper is focused on determination of dispersion coefficients in sewers, as in prismatic and straight stream channel with relatively constant r...

Sustainable design attempts to be perceptive to the environmental impact of the building project at each construction stage by evaluating the site, the embodied energy of the selected materials, as well as the proper construction techniques, adjusted to the local conditions. Moreover, physical hazards (flammability, corrosion) and/ or health hazards (toxicity, irritations) of the materials are especially important not only for the construction workers, building owners and occupants, but also for the environment, c...

The threat of seismic activity is an inherent part of the operation in each of the three mines owned by KGHM Polish Copper JSC. It results from the high compressive strength of the rock, the high depth of retreat, and the significant tectonic of the deposit as well as human mining activity. There is no complete elimination of this threat, but adequate prevention is used to limit it. Impacts on this threat also include operational indicators such as advancement or progress and pace of mining work. The progress is d...

In the present work for the first time in the world practice 430322 occultations of stars by the Moon are analyzed. The relevance of the work is that the accuracy analysis of stars' proper motion in modern star catalogues can only be conducted using either observations of small planets or occultations, since only those observations are longterm and homogenous in time. When making the occultation database a comparative analysis has been used to study types and accuracy of occultation. For photoelectric observations...

The article deals with an innovative way to transfer heat for hot water. A device operating on this principle is called a heat pipe. This device works on the principle of phase change of the working fluid (heat transfer medium). The very principle of heat transfer is based on the theory of evaporation and condensation of the working fluid (heat transfer fluid). Heat pipes are classified according to the method of operation and location of use. A subdivision of heat pipe in terms of their actual use in the desired ...

The minerals exploitation by explosives in quarries presume a high energy development for the applied blasting techniques with a proper design parameters establishment according in the field conditions where the blasting will carried out. For an optional rock blasting in field to obtain a certain granulation together with the maintaining the risk levels of blasting (seismic waves, fly-rocks, shock waves pressure) in a non - hazardous field, must to be applied sequential detachment of rocks from the massive with th...

One of the problems of Russian enterprises that independently control the oil pollution of circulating water and wastewater is the availability of appropriate analyzers. However, they should not burden the budget of an average enterprise. Two types of analyzers are considered in work: IR analyzers and fluorescent analyzers. The studies were carried out on standard samples. It is shown that for IR analyzers the deviation of the obtained results from the calculated value does not exceed 3% of the relative. The obtai...

In this paper, the author analyzes the possibility of obtaining the orientation of geologic planes by using GPS tools. Theoretical background for such procedures is represented by an analytical model of finding the attitude by using three noncollinear points. During the experimental stage orientation measurements on synthetic planes were carried out by using GPS tools and geological compass. The output data obtained by GPS and compass was analyzed and compared by using stereographic projection. The measurement unc...

The article presents a classification of small watersheds in the Czech Republic in terms of potential hydrological response to a set of design precipitation time series. Watershed classes as well as precipitation time series were derived as a partial result of a three-year project aimed at the design of typical soil conservation measures and small water management structures. Design precipitation scenarios were derived in an analysis of both rain gauge and radar measurements taking into consideration the precipita...

The paper deals with the impact of mining near Uchaly city, Russia, on water quality in Uzelga River. Three deposits of copper-zinc sulphide ores are developed by underground mining. There is a quarry, a slime storage pond, a mining waste dump. The quarry was partly reclaimed in 1990s. At present the quarry receives water from two new deposits. Wastewater treatment plant operates in the mine. But the wastewater treatment plant does not provide standard water quality indices. The anthropogenic development of the te...

The problem of atmospheric air pollution attracts great attention of ecologists and physicians because the protection of the environment and population health has a socio-economic significance. Oxides of nitrogen and carbon, methanol, phenol, formaldehyde, ammonia, chlorine hydride and suspended particulate matters (dust, soot) are the main anthropogenic air pollutants in Tomsk city. The main task of the air pollution monitoring is to identify sources of pollutant emissions. Stable isotope ratio analysis of the li...

The paper is devoted to the performance of a new combination between a classical closed center hydraulic feedback steering unit and an electrohydraulic servo system based on the modern generation of digital servo valves. This type of combination may represent a solution for autonomous agricultural machinery based on the high-level technologies. The research is generated by increasing world population requesting more supplies on one hand, and the obvious decreasing of rural inhabitants, augmented by the translation...

The balancing devices in cable tension, DEC's, linking the extraction vessel (SKIP) and cables binding devices, DLC?s, and are designed to equalize the tension in cables of extraction plant (multicable). The paper presents a new solution design of the screw-nut mechanism of initial tension cable for the uniformity tension and horizontal positioning of the rocking mechanism. The extraction vessels cables are attached to those by means of binding devices and equipment. Binding devices and equipment should be safe in...

Digitization and publication of old globes on the Internet allows the public a detailed inspection of globes that are normally encountered only in a limited way. In the collections of memory institutions two forms of globes can be found. In the first case there are the classic spherical globes placed in decorative stands. In the second case the globes are stored as a set of globe prints. Such globe prints usually consist of a series of globe gores and two polar caps. This paper deals with the issue of creating dig...

The paper presents numerical modelling results for ventilating a blind excavation, if there is a leakage into a failure zone. The leakage value of air seeping through the failure zone (binomial law of resistance) was estimated by a formula describing in-situ tests results at the Kola Peninsula mines. The blind excavation ventilation process was simulated based on a previously developed two-stage methodical approach: 1st stage ? calculation of aerodynamics with applying a standard ({k - ?}) -turbulence model; 2nd s...

The construction of a numerical hydrogeological flow model must be preceded by obtaining necessary information. Quantity and reliability of information may extensively impact on the process of model construction and its later calibration, and as a result ? the quality and reliability of prognostic calculations. The article deals with sources of data required for a numerical groundwater flow model and it presents various types of data resources. The model is based on a number of overall nature materials, such as to...

When conducting studies related to the study of the radon hazard of premises and territories, conducting radon monitoring measurements with the aim of predicting mountain impacts and earthquakes, studying the emanation characteristics of rocks and a number of other problems, it has been shown that in some cases the materials of the connecting elements used in measuring structures On the results. In this connection, experimental studies were carried out aimed at studying the sorption abilities of the material of th...

This paperwork is based on the data emerged from a conducted research related to a moisture influence on ignition sensitivity of air-methane gas mixture. For the purpose of this demarche it were used method of signal processing approach as it is data filtering and mathematical transform of the experimental data. In the first part of the paper, it was presented the spark test apparatus used for the experimentation and the results of the experimental data obtained during the tests with mixture air-methane and moistu...

The area of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin is covered by many coal-waste dumps, which are the side effect of long-term coal mining on this territory. Unfortunately coal-waste dumps have negative influence on the landscape and they pose a threat to the environment and public health. The control of hazard is very difficult, because it is often underestimated by officials of local and regional administration. Many geoenvironmental databases are incomplete and the credibility of some of their sources is sometimes quest...

The aim of this paper is to propose an improved algorithm for estimating the risk of bankruptcy of the Bulgarian insurance companies. The algorithm is developed based on the multi-layers neural arhitecture with input dates represented by values of indicators from the financial statements of Bulgarian insurances companies. The memory of the neural network will provide informations about the risk of bankruptcy. Development of the neural model (algorithm R2b2n- risk bankruptcy of Bulgarian insurance companies with ne...

Most of researchers explain that shallow tunnels suffer higher damage compared to deep structures. Many numerical analyses were carried out in order to verify and compare the stresses, forces and bending moments acting on tunnel lining according with the seismic design. After tunnel modelling in MIDAS GTS NX to investigate the tunnel simulation in order to highlight the effect of static and dynamic load on the behaviour of tunnel lining for different cases and calculated the value of each mesh node based on 3D fin...

Search and development of new, more selective collecting reagents for the improvement of flotation process is a priority to generation of innovative flotation technology for separation of substances and minerals. The application of new reagents generated on the basis of domestic raw materials will help to solve problems such as improving the efficiency of flotation ore benefication with the use of newly developed technological modes of flotation, increasing of gold production in the country. There is a sufficient ...

In this contribution we focus on the development of land use changes in two vineyard villages - Rybn?k and ?ajkov. Selected villages have very old vineyard tradition. Until now the traditional agricultural landscape (TAL) is fragmentary preserved here. They are localized in the Middle-Hron river region (Slovakia). The aim of this article is to evaluate and compare changes of secondary landscape structure (SLS) in two time periods (1949-1986 and 1986-2016). Processes of maps visualization were done in ArcGIS 10.2. ...

One hundred and fifty-six groundwater samples were collected from the Aosta Valley region, Italy and analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness (TH), major cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+ and K+), major anions (HCO3-, F-, Cl-, NO3-, SO42-) to evaluate the hydrogeochemical characterization as well as water quality of the area. A geographic information system (GIS) tool was used to study the spatial variation in the groundwater parameters of the study area. The analytical re...

The purpose of this research was to identify greenhouse gases emission sources, and to estimate their emission generated in the life cycle of the fuel that was obtained from biomass wastes in the mechanocatalytic depolymerization process. Calculations were conducted upon the basis of the criteria of ISO standards, covering the full life cycle of the product, that is, from agricultural/forestry feedstock sourcing up to fuel combustion in an automotive engine. Summarizing the results, it may be stated that the techn...

The article presents the results of geoecological studies of system of human-made lakes Golubye Ozyora, which are located near the Kaliningrad city. The studies were carried out from 2009 to 2016 in the framework of studying of the regional specific features of the formation of geochemical background of water bodies and the impact of the cross-media pollutions. It was in studies revealed the general characterization of lake-bottom sediments and water including the grain-size measurements; the determination of the ...