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Since 1990, there have been changes regarding land use and land cover in Romania, due to the new socio-economic conditions. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the landscape fragmentation in the Romanian Subcarpathian area, during the post-communism period, determined by anthropic activities in the context of new adopted regulations on agricultural land resources. We made a comparative study between Prahova Subcarpathians and Buzau Subcarpathians, characterized by similar geomorphological patterns but...

Sub-unit of the Moldo-Transylvanian Carpathians, the Ciucului Mountains are individualized in the central-southern part of them as a well-established mountain unit, limited to the west by the Ciucului Depression, with a total area of about 93720 hectares. As a whole, Ciucului Mountains, with its altitudes exceeding 1500 m, is wrapped in the form of a large isosceles triangle, based on the West, the Ciucului Depression, and a north-south ridge orientation as in general with the major structures of Carpathian Flis. ...

The aim of the paper is to analyze the impact of natural disasters on the economic activity of companies by a modified DuPont model. The proposed modified DuPont model includes ratios for economic efficiency, profitability and financial autonomy. Usually the DuPont analysis model is used to evaluate the component parts of a company's return on equity (ROE). This allows an investor to determine what financial activities are contributing most to the changes in ROE. DuPont analysis divides ROE into its constituent co...

Despite the increase of awareness and government involvement, the potential of many European countries to develop bioeconomy is still at a low level. The concept of bioeconomy is rather abstract and largely untapped. Many factors, including insufficient involvement of stakeholders in developing bio-economics strategies, which probably stem from the lack of theoretical and practical knowledge that governs this concept, technological transfer and proper exploitation of current scientific research tools, contribute t...

In this study, the anomalous geomagnetic variation related to the moderate Vrancea earthquake (Mw=5.5) on 28 October 2018 was shown. This anomaly and its associated seismicity were analyzed and compared with a similar anomaly which occurred on October 2016- May 2017. To better distinguish the seismotectonic anomalies from external geomagnetic variations (geomagnetic storms), the datasets recorded at Muntele Rosu (MLR) located inside seismogenic zone were compared with datasets recorded at Surlari (SUA) located at ...

In Bulgaria, a promising method for creating underground gas storage is the use of aquifers. The main prerequisites are: the presence of reservoir systems with a favorable combination of permeable and shielding rocks; hydrogeological and thermobaric conditions marking the chemistry and dynamics of water, the phase state and the quantities of stored gas; the structural-tectonic conditions defining the type of the perspective traps and their architecture; Neo-Seismotectonic activity, determining the degree of seismi...

Integrating conventional well log interpretation with high-resolution borehole electrical image analysis enables a complex understanding of the geological formations intercepted by exploration wells. Whereas conventional geophysical well logs allow the determination of the main reservoir parameters and the fluids distribution, borehole imaging serves as a valuable tool in sedimentary features identification and interpretation, regional dip determination, structural and tectonic elements identification, as well as ...

Obtaining reliable data on the ongoing risky geo-processes and obtaining adequate and reliable information about them on the current state of the Earth's surface is a key factor in tracking the origin and dynamics of landslide processes as well as assessing the resulting threats to the population and infrastructure. According to information provided by the national authority responsible for the monitoring and keeping track of the landslides over the past two years their number has almost doubled. This is the main ...

The paper describes the results of 1D geomechanical modeling in the territory of Akan oilfield in the Republic of Tatarstan, the Russian Federation. The data of sonic and density logging, which are the basis in the construction of the geomechanical model, were analyzed. The velocity and density properties of carbonate rocks in the study area are stable both along the section and the strike. Sonic waveform logging data were processed for a number of reference wells. The results of processing were taken as the basis...

Portable Gauss meters or Tesla meters are popular, simple and non-expensive magnetometers, capable of measuring the strength and direction of magnetic field, expressed by magnetic flux density and magnetic vector. Gauss meters work on base of cable connected solenoid gauss probe and registered difference of electric potential (Hall effect). Instruments are able to measure both the intensity and direction of magnetic field, usually being applied in the electronical industry or mechanics. Due to the increasing techn...

Equipment designed for use in potentially explosive atmospheres must meet the requirements of ATEX Directive 2014/34/EU (be designed so as to avoid the ignition of the surrounding explosive atmosphere in which are intended to operate). In order to meet the requirements of the ATEX Directive 2014/34/EU, electrical equipment is usually associated to one (or more) type (s) of protection, according the EN 60079 series of standards. In case of electrical equipment that produce arcs or sparks in normal operation, the us...

As a world heritage site Rila monastery is continuously monitored, including seismically, ensuring proper maintenance and preservation for future generations. Th? instrumental data is acquired by the monastery?s accelerograph stations that are local units of the National Strong Ground Motion (SGM) Network run by the NIGGG-BAN. Considering the seismic history of our lands, it is indispensable to assess periodically the characteristics of significant earthquake impacts on important sites as this one. The current sei...

From contaminated mining areas, contaminants can migrate to different components of the environment, being favored by physicochemical transfer mechanisms such as their transfer into water. The dispersion of metallic contaminants from closed mining sites in surface waters is favored by the topography, climate and lithology of the area. In the Brad mining area, activity has ceased for about 15 years. Properly unnamed tailings and coastal galleries are a diffuse source of surface water pollution. The paper aims to as...

The article presents the results of assessing the comfort of climatic conditions for the development of tourism in the Akmola region, including in the Shchuchinsk-Borovoye resort area. The climate is one of the resources, determining the spatial organization of recreation and tourism. Any tourism and recreational activity should be based on the results of the assessment of the tourism and recreational potential of the territory. The tourism and recreational potential of the climatic resources of the Akmola region ...

Nowadays, more and more society are thinking about environmental issues, such as global climate change, environmental pollution, degraded, abandoned territories and their revitalization. Degraded areas are found in the whole world, so the importance of this issue cannot be measured only within the national level, but on a global scale. Revitalization of brownfields is a time-consuming and financially expensive. Therefore, the aim of the research is to analyse investment attraction possibilities for revitalization ...

Au mineralizations of Jales and Gralheira, located in Tras-os-Montes, near Vila Pouca de Aguiar (northern Portugal), belong to the Jales Mining District, the main historic producer of gold in Portugal. Mineralizations are hosted by syn- to late-tectonic Variscan granites and by Palaeozoic metasediments ranging in age from Ediacaran to Devonian. The studies carried out consisted of the analysis of samples from drill cores (provided by the Consortium AM- Almada Mining, S.A. and EDM, Empresa de Desenvolvimento Mineir...

Waste application, beneficial in terms of soil abundance in nutrients, cannot lead to soil contamination. The incubation experiment aimed at assessing the effect of applying sulfur pulp (waste material containing elemental sulfur) and ground phosphate rock on the availability of heavy metals in soils. The experiment was conducted on two soils with different soil category: medium and heavy, both of acid reaction and not contaminated with heavy metals. Doses of sulfur pulp and phosphate rock were set based on soil a...

The paper examines the environmental threats associated with the burning of household waste in open piles across rural communities with a focus on Neamt County (Romania) as a case study of uncontrolled waste disposal practice. This option derived from the lack of efficient municipal waste collection schemes, and on the other hand, it is a traditional disposal route for agricultural wastes besides open dumping on the surroundings. This study estimates the potential amounts of household waste uncollected by formal w...

The paper deals with the chlorine in sintering process overview. Chlorine penetrates to iron making process from raw charge already in the coke making from coal and sintering process. Beside it can causes corrosion problems in blast furnace facilities, it causes environmental problems too. It is know that sintering of iron ores is a industrial source of polychlorinated dibenzo ? p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs). The paper gives overview of how the municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash effects on t...

This paper is an overview of the main devices for wave and wind energy extraction and how they can be combined to extract as much green energy as possible. This idea can be done by upgrading existing wind turbines with wave energy systems as well as by creating a new system that will cover the wind energy and also the wave and even solar energy. The hybrid systems are presented as a combination of existing systems. The study continues with the evaluation of the renewable resources in the Western Black Sea and to s...

In the European context, storage and recycling of sludge from sewage treatment plants is a highly discussed and sometime a controversial subject. On the other hand, sludge production at the European level it can not to be neglected, being around 13.25 Mt/year. Even if for sewage sludge management there are many alternatives (including incineration or landfilling), its use in agriculture remains a preferred option in many countries due to the results obtained by farmers in terms of productivity levels achieved for ...

Two well-known regulatory constructions ? technological regulation based on Best Available Techniques (BAT) and greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions regulation ? aim at cleaning and greening industrial production. BAT-related legislation and practices have been applied in the UK and Sweden for over 30 years, while European Parliament passed the Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) Directive in 1996. In Russia, the ?BAT Law? was issued in 2014, and in 2019 first IPPC installations will receive Integrated ...

To improve the fuel characteristics, bio-oil is preceded to modernization which mainly includes hydrotreatment. This work is devoted to the study of the conversion of anisole, as one of the lignin monomers, in the presence of catalysts synthesized by the hydrothermal method. Platinum and palladium catalyst deposited on the polymer matrix of hypercrosslinked polystyrene allowed achieving about 90% of anisole conversion. It was shown that during the conversion of anisole, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, and phenol a...

The use of environmentally friendly and biodegradable fertilizers is an area of great interest throughout the world. One such fertilizer is biochar, obtained by the method of biomass pyrolysis (manures, green mass, and mushrooms). Biochar obtained from chicken manure is discussed relatively rarely in the literature; however, it seems to be a good fertilizer because of its significant nutrient content. Moreover, preparation of biochar from chicken manure solves another serious environmental problem: its utilization...

Diversification of rural resources in Poland has the potential to create great opportunities for innovation, development and of renewable energy sources and the development of non-agricultural activities. Over 90% of the territory of Poland is a rural area characterized by specific conditions. The potential of biomass that is usefoul for energy purposes in Poland is among the highest ones in the European Union. This creates the possibility of the use of biomass for the production of liquid fuels (bioethanol, biodi...

The calcareous nannoplankton represents a group of major components of the oceanic phytoplankton, situated at the base of the trophic chain. The evolution pattern of these organisms is relevant in the past geological record and nowadays, for several research fields, such as: marine biology, marine geology, biogeochemistry, micropaleontology, biostratigraphy as well as paleogeographic and paleoclimatic reconstructions, including the paleoenvironmental ones. Taking into account that the calcareous nannoplankton spec...

In today?s world, with high demanding of energy, heavy oil and bitumen are important hydrocarbon resources that play progressively significant roles in the worldwide economy. Due to the diminishing of conventional oil resources, getting energy from unconventional resources becomes a tremendously outstanding process. Recently, metal oxide catalysts have shown promising applications and effects in different thermal enhanced oil recovery processes. These metal oxide catalysts have been chosen due to their exclusive p...

The recovery of heavy, extra heavy oils and bitumens has been challenging for the world oil industry. In-situ combustion (ISC) has been proved to be effective method for the enhanced oil recovery (EOR) of these heavy crudes. However, the wide application of ISC is still limited due to the difficulty in ignition and unstable combustion front, etc. In order to address these difficulties, catalysts have been proposed for improving the combustion behavior of crude oils in ISC process. This study is aimed to identify t...

Ratei Cave, with its 7,224 m length, provides a good opportunity to investigate the geology and tectonics of Leaota Mountains, the eastern end of the South Carpathians. The geological observations reveal that Ratei Cave is mainly developed in Upper Jurassic limestones, but siliciclastic and metamorphic rocks are encountered in different locations along the cave passages. The stratigraphic succession on the 69 m elevation range, which represents the positive vertical extent between the entrance and the cave end, co...

Landscape structure is the result of a process that continually taking place in the landscape during of historical development. The city of Kezmarok has held a very significant position in terms of settlement structure of the Poprad basin or the greater region beneath the High Tatras from the very beginnings of its development. The area demarcated by the current cadaster limits was witness to many changes to the landscape structure conditioned by a wide range of factors and conditions, out of which human involveme...

In millions of years, nature has created huge energy reserves in the form of fossil fuels, consumption of which is constantly increasing. The depletion of energy reserves stored in fossil fuels is becoming real. For this reason, as well as for the protection of the environment, it is necessary to look for and utilize the renewable energy sources that we encounter in everyday life. Such a source of energy is, for example, biomass, which has been used as a fuel by many generations before us. The combustion of biomas...

Magnesium-based materials are very attractive as hydrogen storage media, due to their high hydrogen absorption capacity (theoretically, 7.6 wt.% H2) and low price. Some drawbacks of these materials, like slow hydrogen sorption kinetics and high absorption-desorption temperatures, can be overcome using different additives and high energy ball milling. In this study, the hydrogen sorption characteristics of the Mg-Ni-C composites, prepared by ball milling under Ar atmosphere, are investigated. Polyolefin wax (POW, a...

Thermal analysis is the sum of investigation methods in which the physical or chemical properties of a substance or mixture of substances are measured as a function of temperature or time. In order to perform these determinations, the temperature of the product is changed after a well-established and controlled program. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FT-IR) is a non-destructive technique that involves low analytical costs and fast responses. Thus, some physical phenomena such as melting, boiling, sublima...

Mushroom production generates a considerable amount of spent mushroom substrate, difficult to utilize at the site of production. The high amount of organic matter and nutrients in the waste justifies its environmental use. However, waste entering the environment undergoes transformations, the direction and intensity of which depend on, among other things, environmental conditions. Extreme environmental conditions (such as very low or high pH) can significantly change the properties of introduced material and, as a...

Static electricity as a result of friction and induction loading mechanisms is a phenomenon that occurs frequently in the industry, most of the time accidentally and unwanted. The electrostatic charges accumulated by workers during various activities may lead to electrostatic discharges, which, in the presence of an explosive atmosphere, cause explosion and / or fire risk. Theoretical and practical studies regarding the occurrence, formation and accumulation of electrostatic charges in the charging process with el...

Chromium spinel is identified as macrocrystals and rock-forming mineral of groundmass in kimberlites, composing the Manchary and the Aprelskaya pipes of the Khompu-May kimberlite field (Central Yakutia). Spinel assemblage of every pipe is individual. Chromospinellides of mesostasis of the Manbchary pipe crystallized in two stages. At the first stage, groundmass spinel crystallized until phlogopite was formed, at the second stage ? at the same time with mica, removing aluminum and magnesium form the melt. Kimberlit...

The modern world is characterized by significant economic and environmental inequality. Income inequality of population and the predominance of rich people in the consumption over others cause certain ecological and economic problems with negative impact to sustainable development. One of the main global problems according to Sustainable Development Goals is poverty. And the most challenging kind of poverty from an economic and ecological point of view is chronic poverty. It is reproduced systematically in several...

The article presents methods for determination of technically recoverable resources from unconventional reservoirs in shale rocks. The gas flow in low-permeable unconventional deposits is a complex process, depending on rock parameters but also on the method of well stimulation. Significantly higher complexity of parameters affecting the operation process requires the construction of complex numerical reservoir models taking into account various gas flow mechanisms: flow according to the Darcy equation in fracture...

The analysis of the actual situation of protected areas and their evolution over time, in an area located on the eastern border of the EU, represents a major interest in identifying national and international policies concerning the estate of conservation and the biodiversity protection. The region aimed to be studied is historical Moldova. It is situated mainly on the territory of two states, Romania (EU member) and Republic of Moldova (former state of the Soviet Union). In time, the historical Moldova existed as...

Both the cultivation of fruit trees and bushes as well as gramineous crops and especially wheat crops are of particular economic importance. Fruit trees and bushes as well as gramineous cereals constitute the most valued foods being indispensable in making a proper diet Research on the study of carabid entomofauna from both ecosistems, wheat and tree fruit plantations was carried out using Barber soil traps. The harvesting of the material was done in both stations between May and August, at intervals ranging from ...

Mining has been for centuries the main economic activity in the Apuseni Mountains of Transylvania, NW of Romania. However, due to the low level of productivity and high production costs, the extractive industry became over the last twenty years one of the large uncompetitive sectors of the Romanian economy. The study area is one where mining activities have impacted both the environment and the social and economic state of the region and it comprises three mining areas located in Alba County: Baia de Aries Mining ...

Recirculation aquaculture systems (RAS) are gaining popularity among producers due to high productivity and low ecological impact for the production of aquatic food. Water quality management has always been considered though to be one of the most important aspects of (RAS) systems from both perspectives: ensuring an appropriate environment for fish development and growth and reducing nutrient pollution discharge. In RAS systems, total ammonia nitrogen produced by fish as a result of protein catabolism it is common...

Precise measurement and indication of quantitative concentration of heavy metals in soils is materialized in increased degree of objectivity in research conducted to characterize interactions between pollutants and environmental factors in a given area or region. The present paper aims at highlighting the influence errors induced by physical and chemical characteristics of soils and the fluctuations of soil metal concentrations depending on its humidity and granulometry proposing appropriate methods and techniques...

The leaching of mineral nitrogen (Nmin) represents a serious problem of modern agriculture in the European Union and also in the Czech Republic. The reason is the loss of nutrient important for plants from the soil environment and subsequent threat to the quality of soil ecosystem. The main goal of the present work is to show the influence of the mixed cropping system in the sowing process on Nmin leaching of from arable soil. Mixed cropping system represents cultivation of different crops at one field simultaneou...

The closure of Neotethys induced collision and extension related basic magmatism within the Central Anatolia during the late Cretaceous and Early Paleogene. The products of the basic magmatism are alkaline and tholeiitic in character. The temporal and spatial evolution of the basic magma within the Central Anatolia has a great role in the interpretation of magmato?tectonic evolution of the region. The lack of radiometric age for the mafic magmatic rocks let to discussion in the explanation of the nature of these m...

The paper analyzes the impact of marketing tools on market share, sales level and distribution of organic food. The information presented was developed through a literature review and data obtained on the basis of a survey carried out in 40 stores offering organic products, located in Krakow, Poland. As a result, information was obtained from sellers on e.g. the kind of marketing tools used to encourage consumers to buy organic products, their effectiveness, and the decisive factor in favor of the purchase of such...

This paper presents the simulation results of field development optimization of low permeability carbonate reservoirs containing high viscous oil by the system of horizontal wells. The wells are located in special way to take into account the geological features of this field, the water injection at certain moments of time and all potential water breakthroughs from the WOC area. Multivariant reservoir simulation runs were performed in order to identify the optimal well density, the optimal length of horizontal sec...

A significant part of the light oil reserves in Russia is concentrated in low-permeable reservoirs, such as the Domanik Formation, Upper Devonian shales in the European part of Russia. Standard laboratory methods for estimating pore space structure and fluid saturation are often not applicable or not accurate in studying unconventional rocks. The presence of hydrocarbons with a high content of highly viscous components, including kerogen, and pores of nanometer size dramatically reduces the effectiveness of the co...

Characteristic features of the petrographic and chemical compositions as well as the age of basic dikes in the Nastenka site of the Malo-Tarynskoe orogenic gold ore deposit (MTD), located in the central part of the Yana-Kolyma metallogenic belt, northeast Russia, are considered. The dikes are composed of light greenish-gray porphyritic rocks replaced by sericite-chlorite-albite-carbonate substance with ore and epidote components, in which relics and fragments of primary igneous minerals are noted. The obtained Rb-...

This paper aims to present a new analytical model for the contact area of all switching devices, at all voltage and current levels. It was proposed in order to recalculate all the computational formulas related to the electrodynamical forces which inevitably appear in a mostly symmetric contact, with a different shape, other than a sharpen or pointed one. When applying this model, the very simplifying hypothesis of the constant current density on equipotential stiction surfaces for the crossing current is complete...