Browse

An analysis of the stratigraphic positions of the Neogene coal facies in Romania and in the countries around lead to a first cyclo-stratigraphic coherent scheme for the Neogene in the Central Paratethys (?icleanu et al., 2001). This was based upon the warm and cold phases of a climatic cycle with 4.1 ma period highlighted by us since 1998 (Prague), named ?Valach climatic cycle? at that time. This scheme was also based on absolute geological ages of the Neogene important limits: Paleogene-Neogene (23.8 ma), Miocene...

This paper is focused on the main geological features of the Albanain Orogene. We seek to characterize the relation of this regional structure to the nearby regional tectonic units, summerizing its faulting patterns and the present neotectonic activity, as observed from the sesmic events and the geodynamic data. The geological structure of Albanides belongs to the Dinarides-Albanides-Hellenides folded belt, as an extension of the southern Mediterranean Alps. It extends along the eastern coasts of Adriatic and Ioni...

The Khibiny massif is the world?s biggest alkaline pluton with the size of 44 x 35 km in the plan and the area of some 1330 km2. The Devonian intrusion is a conical stock passing into the lopolith. To date, a set of observations and phenomena has been compiled, characterizing the Khibiny massif neotectonics as very complex and contradictory in many respects. It stands out with its high compressive stresses (first tens MPa) of the sub-horizontal position in the area of exploited deposits; major faults traced along ...

The species have been harvested from straw cereals by Barber soil traps.The gathering has been made during the growing season from spring until harvest. In the Barber traps, which consisted of plastic containers height of about 10-12 cm and 8-10 cm in diameter it was placed a solution of about 4% strength formalin. Six traps were used for each experimental variant, with a total of 18 traps. There were done many collection of materials at intervals of 10-12 days, the samples were labeled on each sample specifying: ...

The purpose of the work was to apply modern GIS technologies in exploration of a number of species of conservation value from the Chepan Mountain (Western Stara Planina, Bulgaria). A field survey was carried out and localities of the target plants were identified. The localities of Adonis vernalis L., Dactylorhiza sambucina (L.) S?o, Edraianthus serbicus (A. Kern.) Petrovi?, Tragopogon balcanicum Velen., Tulipa urumoffii Hayek were mapped by GPS measurements on the field. The data obtained were used as a basis for...

The special resources of renewable energy identified in Romania have generated far more extensive concerns and research on their capture, storage and use. The first part of this paper presents a couple of renewable energy sources, technologies for their capture and conversion, and also several new storage methods and technologies applied worldwide, in order to know the issue, scale and complexity of the field, advantages and difficulties encountered in harnessing these resources. By this we aim to identify the new...

In-Situ Combustion is one of the most important and promising methods for enhancing oil recovery for both light and heavy crude oils from reservoirs. In this method air is injecting into the oil reservoirs and causes ignition and in the next step it effects combustion inside of reservoirs. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy as a fast and accessible technique was used to monitoring the light and heavy crude oils oxidation behavior. Herein, we investigated two light and heavy crude oils based on temperatu...

Formation invasion plays an important role in the modern drilling practices. The well completion and production cost play more and more important role as the petroleum industry meets new challenges. The well completion and stimulation cost can be reduced if the mud?s effect on the hydrocarbon-bearing formation is clearly known and can be modeled at the well design phase. Better mud selection leads to lower cost in the completion phase. Proper mud selection can be supported by early reservoir analysis based on prev...

The world leader artificial lifting method is sucker rod pumping when considering the lifted well?s number. However, those sucker rod pumped wells are mostly stripper wells. The optimal production of stripper wells is a key-question in the life of mature oil fields close to abandonment. Sucker rod pumping is a well-known technology however production optimization and continuous operation supervision are essential for the economical production. The economic considerations are more powerful limitation factors for st...

The article presents a comparison of the advantages of natural refrigerants R717 or R744 (with low global warming potential ?GWP and zero ozone depletion potential ? ODP) instead of R404A. Energy Efficiency is also analysed. Romania signed Kyoto and Montreal Protocol and in the same time as a new member of EU has the obligation to respect the environmental legislation as Energy Efficiency Directive, Eco-Design Directive, and Regulation 517/2014 cold ?F-Gas? and to solve Certification System in the field of Air Con...

Amines are the key intermediates for agricultural, pharmaceutical, textile, polymer industry etc. The common method for the amines production from the fossil resources, in spite of the high yield of the target products, is characterized by the high amount of side toxic products. Nowadays the production of bio-based amines, in particularly the derivatives of sugars, is of the growing interest. This route of amine production results in the minor waste formation and can be considered as a sustainable. Among various r...

In this study, investigation of the composition, structure and catalytic activity of the catalyst support based on Ni-Al mixed oxides was carried out. The possibility of controlling structural and acid-base properties of the layered double hydroxides (LDH) by varying the ratio of M2+/M3+ metal cations determines its use as catalyst support. Besides varying of anions in the interlayer space allows to regulate catalytic system activity in the reaction medium. The Ni-Al LDH support was prepared by coprecipitation met...

Vegetation takes the active part in processes of migration and transformation of chemical combinations on the Earth's surface. The intensity of biogenic migration of chemical elements is defined, first of all, by chemical composition of plants. Various security of soils with chemical elements causes also their various accumulation in agricultural plants. Unrationed use of fertilizers, pesticides, broad development of the industry in the territory of the studied region - all these factors allow to classify the Rost...

The main factor of effective biological waste water treatment and pollutants biotransformation is correlation between different nitrogen forms in the media. The waste water specimens were obtained from the pulp and paper mill of the Russian North involving BAS-technology. Concentration of ammonium ions in wastewater was carried out on a spectrophotometer by Sedji-Solorzano method using phenol-hypochlorite reaction. Nitrite ions were determined colorimetrically by diazotization with sulfanilamide and subsequent cou...

Seismic sources location is one of the main tasks of seismology (determination of earthquake hypocenters) and this is the main task in microseismic monitoring of hydraulic fracturing. When choosing a method for microseismic monitoring, noise immunity is one of the main parameters, which should be considered in order to obtain reliable results. The article is referred to the location of a point seismic source by the Diffraction Stacking method applied to synthetic signals obtained using 2D numerical simulation of s...

The right selections of BHA, (bottom hole assembly), provides to minimize cost of drilling through the elimination of fishing works, which could took place during drilling. In many cases during drilling operations there is need to maintain the continuity of pure drilling works in the wellbore through fishing works. The name of the time for these works, it is known as NPT ? nonproductive time. Before drilling the borehole, the engineers must took into account all geological properties and affordable technological s...

The paper is considering the results of the development of three hundred and three deposits of the Romashkinskoye oilfield, which is composed of porous fractured carbonate reservoirs. The investigation was devoted to the challenges associated with increasing of the production from the carbonate reservoirs on the basis of study concerning the conversion degree of the reserves involved in the development and production through the non-stationary production well operation. The authors present a comparative analysis o...

A number of small mountain ranges (horsts) separated by small basins (grabens) with Tertiary sedimentary filling appeared in the Western Carpathians mostly in their NW and N part. The Tatry Mts. and smaller so called Ru?bachy ?island? are the northernmost horsts from a series of Western Carpathian horsts. Our magnetotelluric measurements focusing particularly on the nature of the Sub-Tatra fault and the interconnection of the Tatry Mts. with the Ru?bachy ?island? confirm steep dip of Sub-Tatra fault in the souther...

The present article reports numerical results of laminar natural convection heat transfer within an air filled semi cylindrical cavity with its horizontal walls submitted to different heating models. In this work, the horizontal surface is maintained at constant temperatures Tc (Dirichlet condition) or heat fluxes q (Newman condition), while that of the opposite surface is considered at cold temperature Tf. The parameters governing the problem are the Rayleigh number (103 < Ra < 106), and the Prandtl number (Pr = ...

The use of bioenergy is gradually increasing, so are the number of different technologies to produce it. Particularly during the last years, new biogas plants had been built across Latvia to ensure more efficient use of farming and other agronomic waste or by-products. The aim of the research is to determine occupational risk factors at biogas plants in Latvia. The research summarises the risk factors of the biogas plant environment, compares the results of observations of biogas plants, performs a survey and an a...

Russian northern territories? cultural advance and development were directly connected to the extraction of minerals. Development of northwest Russia?s mineral resources became more planned and systematic with ?Mining Prikaz? established by Peter the Great. There are numerous old mines preserved in Leningrad region and Karelia, and their cultural potential is underestimated by the state and their historical value is downgraded. This article considers spreading in Russia practices of using shut-down underground min...

The first isolation of the Paratethys from the Tethys Ocean (that included the Mediterranean region), at the beginning of the Oligocene Epoch, at around 33 My (million years) led to significant palaeobiogeographical changes in Europe. The present day Romanian territory belongs, since the Oligocene and up to the Middle Miocene, to the Central Paratethyan domain and afterwards was included in the Eastern Paratethys. The palaeogeographical isolation, produced in the Eastern Carpathians at the Eocene-Oligocene boundar...

Waste from poultry farms represents the greatest danger to people and the environment among all types of bio waste. Approximate estimates show that in Russia up to 15 million tons of manure and a mixture of litter with sawdust or straw are formed annually. The original litter is a toxic substance; the main bacteria in the litter are E. coli and Salmonella. The process of torrefaction of a mixture of manure and sawdust was studied. The torrefaction proceeds in a reactor consisting of three sections with horizontal ...

An exceptional occurrence can generally be regarded as a manifestation of risk. In order to handle it, it is necessary to have sufficient amount of information about the risk itself as well as about potential sources and means to deal with the situation it evokes and the preparedness of citizens. In Slovakia, it is mainly the risks of natural character which are, for the purposes of crisis management, evaluated based on a methodology from the year 1994. The ever-extending list of potential risks leads to the need ...

Strandja Massifs? units form the basement metamorphic units of north western edge parts of Turkey and intruded by the Late Cretaceous felsic and mafic intrusive rocks. The felsic and mafic rocks have a contact metasomatic effects at the border of sedimentary rocks resulting in the formation hornfels, metasandstone and calcsilicaticfels in the composition. Demirk?y is one of the youngest intrusive body which crops out at NE of the massif and mainly composed of granite, granodiorite, diorite and gabbro in compositio...

The current state of agriculture in Ukraine confirms the necessity of sustainable development of this branch of economy capable to solve the country's food security and ensure the effective functioning of the domestic market, fair competition among agricultural producers and consumer confidence, protecting their interests, rational use of natural resources and creating conditions for preservation, reproduction and increase of soil fertility. These components are focused in the resolution of the EU Council No 834/2...

The study area is located 80 km east of Denizli province. Sedimentary units in the study area are composed of conglomerate, sandstone, and mudstone containing coal. The aim of this study was to assess the thermal maturation and maceral associations of organic matter rich rocks from Hayrettin Formation by using organic geochemical and organic petrographic analysis. The total organic carbon (TOC, %) contents of sedimentary rocks range from 2.12 wt.% to 34.35 wt.%, and hydrogen index (HI) values are between 25 mg HC/...

Soil and its quality are the key factor that determines opportunities for agricultural production in a particular territory. However, through lasting land management practices, soil structure can be significantly modified. In the context of climate change, soils can contribute to increased greenhouse gas emissions; for this reason, the techniques that contribute to sustainable land management have to be used in agricultural production. In many Central European countries, organic soils have been extensively used an...

Woodchip material is one of the most promising fill media for denitrifying bioreactors. Woodchip denitrifying bioreactors are used for nitrate reduction in the outlets of drainage systems, shallow groundwaters, etc. Despite their overall positive effect, undesirable leaching of organic compounds from the fill medium can occur during a bioreactor?s start-up phase. The released organic compounds can cause oxygen depletion and some of them can have a toxic effect on biota. The paper presents the quality of leachates ...

The paper is focused on literature review from the scientific works in area of utilization of biomass in agglomeration process. Actual environmental potential of biomass, as well as its availability, emphasizes the importance of this topic. The composition and properties of biomass differs from the fossil fuels. It is important to view on utilization of biomass in agglomeration process in wired then ecological context. Technological and economical parameters are also important for its utilization. The type pf the ...

The rainwater harvesting systems is a technique which that have been used for many years, with outstanding results that has been used since antiquity. However, it is still not used around the world. Drinking water is an essential element for humanity. However, millions of people do not have access to drinkable water all over the world. Poor countries do not benefit from drinking water even if efforts have been made by governments in developed countries. Poor countries cannot afford modern water treatment and water...

The aim of this article is assessment of the PAHs bioavailability and phytotoxicity on benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) example in model experiment with Haplic Chernozem and that spiked with various doses of BaP (20, 200, 400 and 800 ?g/kg) equivalent to 1, 10, 20 and 40 levels of maximal permissible concentrations (MPC) planted with spring barley (Hordeum sativum distichum). The main subject of this study is to research the bioindication of BaP contaminated soil in a model experiment to quantify the main features of BaP accu...

Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and since the 1950s, many of the observed changes are unprecedented over decades to millennia. Polar region of the Russia not only play the leading role in world climatic system, but also quickly, with high sensitivity react to climatic changes. Investigation of lake from arctic region has an extreme importance for understanding of the modern environmental processes and their influence on northern ecosystems and biological diversity of these regions. Limnological chara...

Paleosol profiles from the reference section of the Urzhumian stage of Middle Permian in the Cheremushka Ravine, the Kazan Volga region, were studied in order to detail the paleogeographic and palaeoclimatic conditions. Field and laboratory methods, including grain size analysis, optical microscopy, X-ray fluorescence of siliciclastics, X-ray diffraction of clayey component, were used. Urzhumian succession of 70 m thick is represented by red-bed fluvial-lacustrine deposits with predominance of mudstones. The upper...

The results of the palynological analysis of the sediment core recovered in Lake Rubskoe (Ivanovo Region, Russia) in 2015 are presented. An environmental reconstruction of Holocene and late Pleistocene vegetation, climate and lake dynamic was inferred. Pollen analysis has shown that vegetation of the area was dominated by Betula pendula, Pinus and Alnaster. Herbaceous were mostly represented by Artemisia, Chenopodiaceae. Sphagnum spores finding in the in the upper layers of core indicates a significant moisture co...

On the example of 50 heavy oil fields prepared by PJSC В«TatneftВ» for pilot development in the territory of Tatarstan, the relationships of the changes in their properties: density, sulfur and paraffin content with the oil-bearing area, effective average oil-saturated thickness of reservoir productive rocks, as well as with coefficient of their sand content, permeability and porosity were investigated. The analysis showed differentiation of technological properties of heavy oils within the same productive layers,...

This paper presents an overview of existing Romanian code provisions for industrial sources or human-induced vibrations. Caused by the industrial sources (forge hammers, presses), vibrations are transmitted to the soil, generating different body and surface waves, and to buildings. On the other hand, vibrations due to sounds are significant on walls and non-structural elements, and even there are not recorded severe damages, with important effects on people. Two studies related on the structural effects and on the...

The paper mentions performance evaluation of thermal solar power plants in conditions of Belgorod region of Russian Federation. The main task is thermal energy production determination of vacuum solar collector in environmental conditions of Belgorod region of Russia. For quantity of heat calculation of thermal solar power plant it is taking into account solar radiation (insolation) changing in different seasons, collector angulation and sun ray angle change in different time, amount of clouds, coefficient of effi...

In the context of climate change and sustainable development, the discussion has been raised in the society about the long-term benefits and possible losses of different farming types. In the discussions about the future of the CAP, it has been stressed that tackling climate change and preserving the environment is the most serious challenge facing the EU, and the CAP must help by setting new goals to ensure that EU farming contributes meeting the international commitments on sustainability. The paper deals with t...

The crystalline basement of the Tatar arch is composed of metamorphic rocks. Locally, areas within its boundaries are composed of magmatic rocks. According to the data of our studies, it is known that within the basement permeable zones are developed, which we attribute to unconventional types of reservoirs. One such object is the hypabyssal rocks, which are alternated by rocks of the gabbro-diabase formation. Based on the results of studying geological-geophysical and core materials of individual areas, in partic...

In paper questions of use of phosphate glasses as basis of ecologically safe fertilizers of the prolonged action which taking into account specifics of a vitreous state are deprived of the main shortcomings of polycrystalline fertilizers, widely now in use are considered. The developed vitreous fertilizer doesn't render shock load of the root system of plants and can be brought in the soil directly together with landing material. The AVA fertilizer isn't exposed to aeration and washing away that ensures its ecolog...

The water pollution caused by nutrients has become a problem, especially in agricultural areas. Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) can cause the eutrophication of surface waters, and problems with their use as drinking water sources. One of the possible solutions is to employ denitrifying bioreactors, which are used for the reduction of high nitrate concentrations in shallow groundwaters. Our research was focused on the enhancement of these bioreactors with steel byproducts. These materials release Fe, which causes t...

Photovoltaic energy systems are an important part of the systems for obtaining energy from renewable sources. Generating electricity from renewable sources is becoming more developed in most countries. The energy produced is fed into the power grid and used both for household as well for industrial. Issues related to pollution and global warming have led to more pronounced development of technologies for producing electricity from wind, solar, hydro, biomass and geothermal. Development and the continuous research ...

The article presents results of studies of physical and chemical features of accessory minerals (zircon, apatite) of Medvedev, Yukhta and Dzheltula Mesozoic alkaline massifs. The studied massifs are located within the Aldan-Stanovoy shield of the North-Asian craton. In the Mesozoic epoch, this area underwent tectono-magmatic activization, which caused formation of many deposits, including such unique ones as gold-uranium Elkonskoe, gold ? Lebedinskoe, Kuranakhskoe. Study of typomorphic features of zircons and apat...

Toxic metal pollution of waste waters and soils is a major environmental problem, and most conventional remediation approaches do not provide acceptable solutions. The new technologies, phytoextraction, phytoaccumulation, and phytostabilization, make it possible to achieve an effective in-situ reduction of toxic load, especially by choosing suitable plants that have the desired properties. From the rhizosphere of ruderal plants growing on the decontamination area of industrial waste in Ostrava, bacteria with presu...

The aim of the conducted research was to obtain an answer to the question: how can the residents? quality of life with significant city air pollution be improved? Activities aimed at this objective are inscribed in the idea of "smart city". Unfortunately, many Polish cities are currently struggling with low-emission air pollution. The article presents the results of pilot toxic gases measurements contamination in Zabrze, the city in the Silesian agglomeration (Poland). Measurements of gaseous pollutants were carri...

Planning the sales in a mining enterprise in the modern market conditions is difficult and burdened with significant specific and systematic risk [10]. It is because the quantity plan is determined by geological and mining conditions, on which the enterprise does not have a direct influence. The same applies to the quality of the sourced raw material which depends on the natural parameters of the deposit. On the other hand, quality plan depends on the difficult to foresee sales price which is shaped in the changea...

As it is known from literary sources among environmental polluting agents, environmental pollution with heavy metals influences the most negatively at alive biological systems and human health. It was discovered that the plants express selective sensitivity to heavy metals. Our goal was to study such important pollution agents of environment as heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu). As it is known the pollen is a male gametophyte, the biological function of which is to participate in pollination process. It was discovered tha...

Amines play an important role in the modern chemical engineering. It is a key intermediate for agricultural, pharmaceutical, textile, polymer and other fields of industry. Bio-basedamines, e.g. the derivatives of isohexides, are of a great attention. Nowadays, different methods of the synthesis of polyamides, polyimides, polyesters, polyurethanes, and polycarbonates on the base of isohexides are developed. Thus, mono- and diamine derivatives of D-isosorbide are considered to be a prospective feedstock for polyamid...

Regarding any hydrocarbon reservoir, the most important question that needs to be answered is production capacity. During production, the achievable fluid rate depends both on the properties of the reservoir as well as the pressure difference (drawdown [1]) between well and reservoir. From the petrophysical point of view, many effects restrict fluid flow in the porous system (pore size distribution, wettability properties, saturations etc.) resulting in the obtainable fluid rate corresponding to the existing drawd...