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Short-term production scheduling determines the sequence of block extraction over time spans of shift, days, weeks or months. The aim of scheduling is to decide which blocks of ore and waste to mine in which time period so that several operational and geometrical constraints can be satisfied simultaneously- like mining and mill capacity, meeting grade requirements, making long-term mine plans operationally feasible, etc. Since the 1960s several operational research based approaches have been developed. In order to...

In this study, the investigating of sawability and abrasivity of Khalkhal and Azarshahr travertine were carried out in order to the planning of a new plant. To achieve the goal, rock samples were collected from the mines and some mineralogical, physical and mechanical properties of rocks were determined in the laboratory. The sawability was determined by using some empirical methods based on Schmidt hammer value, Tensile Strength, Uniaxial Compressive Strength and P-wave velocity and abrasivity of rocks were inves...

Most of the salt that is being consumed in Iran is produced through stope and pillar mines, located in north of the central desert of Iran. The very large stopes have been excavated for applying open cut loading and hauling machines, so that those stopes have to be supported by large pillars. Therefore, the excavation ratio and stability considerations should be studied as two special cases in these mines. To determine the pillar’s strength, in this paper, four of the largest mines have been studied. An experime...

Roof falls continue to be one of the greatest hazards faced by underground coal miners. For preventing unpredictable hazards and losses due to roof falls, assessment of roof rock behaviour in coal mines plays an assential role in ground control issue. However, based on the intensive reserches in this area, various parameters influence the roof rock behaviour of the stratified rock mass. One of them, which is extremely important to coal mine ground control, is moisture sensitivity. Many coal seams have immediate ro...

Blast pattern design has direct influence on the time consumption and construction cost of drilling and blasting of tunnels. Tunnel blasting is more complicated operation than open pit blasting because the only free surface that initial breakage can take place toward is the tunnel face. The most important operation in the tunnel blasting procedure is to create an opening in the face with the intention of develop another free surface in the rock. This is the function of the cut holes. The cuts can be classified in ...

Gole-Gohar iron ore has located in IRAN. Reduction of costs at this mine is too effective for mining benefits. One of the important parameter about these costs is the pit slope support with control blasting operations. In this project, we try to use the buffer blasting method for suitable pit walls. Buffer blasting is a method that uses the faults for smoothness of pit walls. In this method, we do not use the control holes. So, by using the buffer holes, the control blasting operation will be suitable. Besides, th...

Drilling and blasting is the oldest excavation method in mining and tunnelling applications especially in hard rock conditions. But in recent year, the application of roadheaders and impact hammers in hard rock conditions has increased considerably in both civil and mining engineering fields. The prediction of machine utilization time and determining performance plays an important role in the time scheduling of the tunnelling projects. The tunnels of the Kadikoy-Kartal Metro are under construction. This paper summ...

The process of truck shovel assignment for optimization of the transport systems in open pit mining is performed using software models and algorithms. With the aid of the software and hardware mechanisms, great steps can be taken in intelligent assignment and control of truck shovel systems. In this paper, open pit mining transport system has been modeled based on TSP modeling. Using genetic algorithms, the optimized travelling path for trucks has been obtained. The software has the capability of compound modeling...

Mine ventilation has a key role to improving underground working conditions. Ventilation is required to clear dust, gas and toxic fumes from blasting and removing exhaust fumes from diesel equipments and also required for cooling the workplace for miners in deep hot mines. Ventilation systems need to take many possible modern mining scenarios into account, and costly infrastructure is needed to serve future ventilation and cooling requirements. To enable the practical and economical design of mine ventilation syst...

Possibility of taking into account changes in permeability of rock mass being undermined when planning methane drainage borehole systems designed to decrease methane emission in the gob from the rock mass being undermined has been considered. It is shown that industrial anisotropy of the undermined rock mass permeability appreciably effects methane drainage efficiency. A number of criteria is specified which should be taken into account when planning methane drainage systems. Experimental evaluation of the efficie...

The truck and shovel transportation system is the most important part of the open pit mining operation because a considerable amount of the total mining costs is related to it. Reducing the transportation cost has a great impact on reduction of the total cost. One method to reduce the cost per ton in transportation systems is the optimization of the truck–shovel assignment. In this paper, software has been developed for optimal assignment of N trucks to M shovels with different grades of the minerals, based on m...

In this study, leaching of Ni and Fe in suphuric acid medium with K2Cr2O7 was investigated. The samples of the lateritic nickel ore were taken from Karacam (Eskisehir) region of Turkey. Mineralogical investigations showed that the ore sample contains, goethite, hematite, wustite, retgersite, gaspeite and clay type minerals together with quartz. The shrinking core model was applied to the results of experiments investigating the effects of leaching temperature range of 50–96 ◦C. Two equations were applied from ...

Slope failure occurring at projected slope operations at open pit mines can lead the workers safety to dangerous positions. In some cases the rock disturbances which may be thought about that, they lead slope failures around the open pit mine operation develop physiological problems among the mine workers. The main aim of this work to determine if the conditions of critical slopes in open pit mines can be monitored through the electrical resistivity methods. The depths of sliding at selected slope were analyzed by...

The state of Sarawak, situated on northern part of the Borneo Island, is the part of Malaysia Federation. Main raw materials usable for the Sarawak economy are oil, wood, and natural gas. Nowadays the importance of brown coal as a raw material is caused by the growing needs of power in the Sarawak. It is the reason of working trip of authors of this article to the area of Merit Pila. They worked there as Deputy Mine Managers in 2006 and 2007. Merit Pila is great coal basin situated in central Sarawak. The paper br...

The distributions of particle sizes and shapes are of great importance to industries employing various materials in powdered form. The investigations have shown that shape and morphological properties of particles affected subsequent processes such as flotation. On the other hand, crushing and grinding are factors that cause creation some changes in physical and chemical characteristics of processing materials such as distributions of sizes and shapes. In this research, experimental studies to determine the shape ...

One of technologies that can be used to increase profitability in the development of high cost off-shore operations as well as marginal or partially depleted reservoirs is so called intelligent completion. That implies such completion systems that allows monitoring, control and change of relevant data through production, by the use of remotely controlled and operated systems. Essence of the system is such way of completion that allows change of space and hydrocarbons flow conditions from the layer to the surface, ...

The use of non-explosive demolition compounds has been extended within recent years to mining of building materials, as well as for the demolition of buildings and concrete structures in urban conditions. This environmentally friendly method has not been used in action for underground mining. The paper presents the outcomes of the research aimed at the elaboration of a new technology for underground mining of hard ores based on the use of demolition method as an alternative to the explosive one. A new compound of ...

One of the most important factors that can have notable effects on costs of stripping, drilling and blasting, loading and haulage due to disasters in mines is supporting the final pit slope by control blasting. Condition of existent discontinuities in rock mass toward the pit benches has a special influence on results of control blasting. In fact, factors such as dip, orientation, spacing, filling, etc. extremely change the outcomes of control blasting. Therefore investigation of discontinuities effects on results...

Coal is an important energy resource in world. Coal mine exploitation with nonmechanized methods, need expert labors and with out them, mining process will be deranged so the labors and their safety is really important. In many industrial countries the accidents are the most important cause of person’s death. According to I.L.O (International Labor Organization) reports 120,000,000 accidents occur per year and 210,000 people die in these accidents. It means more than 500 people per day. In order to decreasing th...

Since long term production scheduling deals with movement of ore and waste during the life of a mine, it has a significant effect on the cash flow of a mining operation. Therefore, mine planners often seek to optimize the production schedule with respect to a given criterion. The most commonly used criterion in long term scheduling optimization is to maximize net present value (NPV). The process involves sequencing of ore blocks or parcels to be mined in each period over the life of the mine subject to precedence ...

One of the most difficult challenges is to produce intelligent, actionable information on operational performance, resources, and reserves when the supporting data is scattered across the mine operation or even geographically dispersed. The problem is that traditional approaches to using data in the mining industry is not capable of delivering the right information to the right people, at the right time, and in the form they need. A number of external forces, however, are exerting pressure on mining companies toda...

The noise is an essential ecological problem for ventilation shafts. For the time being, mine administrations have reacted to the complaints of the population with palliative measures. These measures usually included a noise barrier (timber-metal structure) positioned in front of the ventilator or air vent. A radical structural intervention taking into account all components of the ventilation block is necessary for the solution of the problem. The structural solution should meet a number of criteria for adequate ...

Stress intensity factor is the one of most important parameters in rock fracture mechanics. In practice, this factor is commonly calculated by various numerical techniques such as finite element and boundary element methods. These methods encounter mesh-related difficulties in dealing with fracture mechanics problems. In this paper the Element Free Galerkin method based on the linear elastic fracture mechanics was used to determine tension-mode stress intensity factor in jointed rock medium using stress extrapolat...

Underground exploitation of coal deposits in KarvinР° region results in movements and deformations on the surface where a subsidence depression starts to create. The extraction activity under non-trivial geological and geo-mechanical conditions may cause unexpected time-spatial surface changes and different shape and range of creating subsidence depression. To observe the surface changes caused by underground mining in such area we decided to build up an observation station of points that are repeatedly surveyed b...

Approximately 110x106 m3 of oil (100x106 tons) had been recovered from 38 fields in the Croatian part of the Pannonian basin during more than 60 years of exploitation (1941-2003). Based on their cumulative production, number of reservoirs, average porosity and permeability, obtained recovery and depositional characteristics of reservoir rocks, the Croatian hydrocarbon fields may be divided into three groups (oil), or four groups (gas) (Table 1, 2). In the period 1941-1990 the production started in 38 fields, 13 of...

The oil and gas perspectives of the Triassic rocks in the Central South Moesian Platform Margin are evaluated on the basis of a complex geological analysis. The geodynamic evolution of the region during Triassic was dominated by failed rifting phases, followed by Early Cimmerian orogeny. These events have predestined tectonic processes and sedimentation settings, leading to deposition of source rocks, reservoirs, permeable migration pathways and seals. The initial extensional stages and then compression at the end...

With the 100 M tons of coal produced per year Poland is the biggest European producer of hard coal. Around 85\% of the produced coal is used for direct energy production, almost whole rest is used for indirect energy production (though processes of coal coking). The side effect of coal production is large quantity of waste. Majority of them is recycled during production process but still large fraction is usually dumped. The large quantities of valuable materials are stored in mining dumps. In recent years reclama...

The introduction of positive-displacement steerable motors in directional drilling practice offers better directional control in comparison with earlier used directional drilling systems and makes directional drilling widely accepted technology. But some disadvantages of the technology as drilling the curved parts of the wellbores in sliding mode and hole cleaning connected problems, demand further development of directional drilling systems. That results in rotary steerable systems development introduced in the p...

In this study, selective shear flocculation of celestite with Aero 845 as anionic surfactant from the mixtures of celestite and calcite was investigated using sodium silicate, sodium phosphate and sodium polyphosphate as inorganic dispersants. The effects of pH and dispersant concentration on the selective flocculation of celestite mineral were studied. Experiments carried out with sodium silicate at optimum conditions yielded a concentrate, which is flocculated material, assaying 82.5\% SrSO4 with a recovery 79\%...

In this article I considered the design of a computer simulation model that approximates the exploration of a petroleum basin when exploration is conducted sequentially and according to geological hypothesis with costs and performance characteristics typical of an exploration firm. These features lead naturally to a model design in which a state of nature is created. The exploration firm initially has no knowledge of this state, only of hypothesis. In this model also, exploration decision are made according to pri...

The Zbudza deposit is an important (major) deposit of halite within Slovakia but also Europe. It is possible establish that halite deposit Zbudza features attractive deposit about qualitative and quantitative aspect. It has important function on the part of selfsufficienty Slovak Republic in the production of salt and also in posse intersection to European trade. The economic effectiveness of financial investment is dependent from mining and process technology on the deposit. The investment efficiency is appreciat...

Limestone massif "Rgotina Rock" has, from a topographical point of view a remarkable, and from a mining point of view, a favourable position of occurrence. It extends in the form of a limestone reef, with the highest peak in its central part (top of Rgotina Rock). Mining has started in 1961. ”Kop 2”, in 1965. ”Kop 3” and in “Kop 5“ 1969. Mining, with changeable production volume and with occasional stopping of works, is in effect even today. Application of mineral raw material from this deposit, apart ...

This paper presents the results of ground vibration measurements and environmental issues occurred on tunnel blasting activities during KavacД±k-Beykoz waste water tunnel construction under a residential area in Istanbul, Turkey. Within the scope of the study, the blasting pattern of tunnel was engineered by using Tunnel 2000 design software. 5 events in 5 shots at S2 shaft tunnels, , 6 events in 6 shots at S4 shaft tunnels, , 32 events in 32 shots at S6-shaft tunnels and, 7 events in 7 shots at S7 shaft tunnels w...

The demands existing at the European Union level impose a new approach of the problems concerning the mining exploitation from the point of view of the effects and pressure exerted by them over the environment and of all the consequences of the socioeconomic development. Starting from the strategic objectives imposed by the European programmes at the environment-protection level, corroborated with the rather slow rhythm of reform of the Romanian mining industry determined by the delay concerning the achievement, i...

In this study, the vibration and air shock measurement results are given in order to evaluate the environmental results of excavation works with explosions executed in the agrega quarry by Д°lkdal Mining Industry Ltd. Corp. which is working in the borders of Kemerburgaz region of Ey\"up county in Д°stanbul city on producing agrega. The blasting pattern, explosive material charge parameters and vibration measurement results of each blastings are recorded. In the research, the frequency and particle velocity quantit...

The optimum pit limit design can be defined as determining the ultimate or final mining limits of ore deposit with maximum value or profit which is obtained from its extraction. Heuristic optimization techniques have been one set of the most widely used methods for ultimate pit limit analysis because of their rapid execution speed and easy conceptualization. This paper considers a heuristic technique, known as 3D moving cone to find the optimum pit limit of Sangan iron ore deposit in Iran. To evaluate the results ...

The paper deals with the description of natural conditions and implemented geophysical survey of a scientifically interesting slope deformation Doubrava Ujala, located in the municipality of Doubrava near the city of Karvina in the north-east of the Czech Republic in the reach of the effects of undermining caused by underground black coal mining. It is the case of the most extensive underground mineral mining in the Czech Republic, while the changes in the geological conditions are assumed to affect the slope defo...

Norway is a mineral rich country, and many of the mineral resources are close to the very long coast-line with ice-free fjords. EU’s Mineral Wastes Directive (2006/21/EC) implementation date is May 1st, 2008. Strict control is applied to the handle of the waste from the industries, in addition to financial guarantees in case of accidents and long term monitoring. Norway’s deep fjords and resources in the vicinity of, or on the coast, or in narrow valleys near water bodies, therefore have special waste manageme...