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Response to anthropogenic disturbances, recorded according to remote sensing of the Earth, has a long-term manifestation not only in the spectral characteristics of the channels of visible and near infrared ranges of satellite imagery, but also in the study of the temperature field. The paper deals with the local excess temperature of the underlying surface in the areas of cutting the territory of the Angara region, compared with the background values identified by satellite data Landsat 5 and 8 for the seventeen-...

Dozens of objects that have cultural, technical or historical value are destroyed in the world every day. Sometimes these are small monuments of various origins, standing in seclusion. Yet they disappear irrevocably, and often there is even no mention of them. The reasons are the expansion of civilization, lack of interest, poverty, terrorism, wars, religious conflicts, vandalism and other unfortunate phenomena of human civilisation. This contribution deals with an example of the gradual collapse of technical monu...

Assessment of cereal plant status and other biophysical parameters, such as nitrogen uptake, nitrogen content and total amount of aboveground biomass, is important information for decision support of agronomists for correct treatment of crop management practices. Especially in in precision farming, where whole area mapping is required, this information could be provided by remote sensing as an efficient method for the monitoring of crop within field heterogeneity. The aim of this study was to verify the use of unm...

In the last decade, the rapid development of computers and sophisticated software in image capturing and processing brought on the development of automated object documentation methods. Documentation methods like 3D scanning or photogrammetric technology called image-based modelling and rendering (IBMR) or SfM (Structure from Motion) have become common methods and give us the possibility to create a real 3D model of objects. It is important in archaeology for findings documentation and visualization, and in cultur...

Geological lineament analyses were performed on the segment of East Anatolian Fault Zone between Doganyol (Malatya) and Celikhan (Ad?yaman) in eastern Turkey. The Eastern Anatolian Fault Zone is one of the important intra-continental strike-slip faults in the Alpine-Himalayan Orogenic Belt. A detailed analyses along the fault segment using satellite images (LandSAT 8 OLI, ASTER image) and digital elevation models (DEMs) were brought out that the fault segment presents geological lineament and morphotectonic struct...

Background: This article is devoted to the question of correction system implementation. The correction system is necessary to provide the ability of autonomous navigation the unmanned airborne vehicle. We can see a lot of examples of terrain landform correction systems and ?synthetic aperture radar? ? based systems. But in the case of using information about lengthened objects, we have a great opportunity to provide robustness objects, which we can reliably cross during our flight. Nevertheless, these objects sho...

Aim of the study is to unveil how the choice of software and cameras influences the quality of 3D models. There were compared three different softwares: (1) Pix4D (2) Agisoft Phtoscan, and (3) Visual SFM with dense cloud module Yasutaka Furukawa's CMVS tool and four different cameras (1) Canon EOS 760D, (2) Canon EOS 600D, (3) Canon Ixus 185, and (4) Sony Xperia Z1 smartphone camera D5503. Cameras represent different price segments and technical parameters. The photos were taken with all the cameras from identical...

The paper is devoted to the development of a high-performance method for registration of the spatial spectra of the sea surface slopes and elevations using air-borne and satellite images to address problems of operational oceanography. The method is based on the use of retrieval operators taking into account the nonlinear nature of the modulation of the brightness field by the slopes of the surface under daylight conditions. The method is implemented in algorithms and research software for the rapid retrieval of t...

Monitoring short temporal changes in intra-urban vegetation areas will become very important as the proportion of urban areas continue to increase. Intra-urban variations in vegetation abundance influence environmental conditions by selective reflection and absorption of solar radiation and by sequestration of pollutants. This research investigates the hypothesis that it should be possible to use easily accessible multispectral Landsat 8 images to track intra-urban vegetation, and obtaining sufficient quality info...

Currently, there is still a current trend to preserve the historical heritage of the Slovak Republic for future generations. Preservation of monuments is currently carried out by the Monuments Board of the Slovak Republic, whose central body is the Ministry of Culture. It is often necessary to create documentation that is suitable for presentation and technical purposes. The main aim of the paper is to create a 3D model of the church in the village of Kosicke Olsany. From the measurements was obtained the coordina...

More than 50% of the world?s populations live in urban areas, and they emit almost 80% of global carbon dioxide. They are also responsible for 75% of energy consumption in the world. That increases pressure on food, water, and especially energy. These facts imply that there is an urgent need to provide low carbon dioxide level in cities with efficient and renewable energy to foster the growth of the green economy. Therefore, attention should be paid to renewable energy sources such as the Sun and be aware of the p...

This article is devoted to the questions of the reliability and the accuracy of the invented algorithm. Background: The implementation of autonomous navigation system for unmanned airborne vehicle is required for the reliable navigation in case of the instability of the satellite navigation system. Traditionally this problem is solved by the terrain landform navigation system, also the synthetic aperture radar navigation systems could be used as the correction system for the inertial navigation system. Nevertheles...

The effective precision crop products' production is impossible without modern contact and remote optical control methods of a physiological and phytosanitary condition of crops. At Agrophysical research institute (Russia, St. Petersburg) the technique of definition of homogeneous technological areas is developted by using the means of unmanned aerial vehicles of helicopter (Geoskan-401) and plane (own development) types. Also the test plots which are used as the standards with the known parameters of a physiologi...

A supervised classification algorithm has been developed for automated sea ice retrieval in some regions of the Arctic seas. Sentinel-1 Extra Wide images were utilized as input for a Neural Network (NN)-based algorithm. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data has several features significantly affected on the microwave backscatter from sea ice. In this paper, an approach to improve data quality is proposed. Since different sea ice types can have similar backscattering coefficients, the extracted SAR texture features i...

Research was performed using application of airborne laser scanning (ALS) data for the assessment of land use and land cover (LULC) changes, especially for the monitoring forest succession on abandoned farmland. ALS point clouds were used to confirm the progress of forest succession process at the analysed area, not only in terms to show the occupied area, but also to derives informations about the structure of vegetation ? growth of trees and shrubs. The part of Wieliczka district (Malopolskie Voivodship, South o...

Interferometric data processing (InSAR) for extraction of information about the Earth terrain heights is one of the general guidelines in development of contemporary space-based radar systems. The InSAR processing for building the digital elevation models (DEM) and terrain displacement maps includes a phase noise suppression step, which is usually performed by different image filters, as well as spectral and adaptive spectral filters (mean/boxcar, spectral domain filtration with different window functions, Wiener,...

This article discusses the modern condition of the archaeological monuments of the Predvolzhye of the Republic of Tatarstan. Fortified settlements as a manmade part of the cultural landscape, with the system of defensive fortifications, were selected as the objects of study, as they are easily identified by remote sensing data. In our view, the analysis of medieval Volga Bulgars (X-XIII centuries A.D.), the most common in the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan, has the highest priority. The main research metho...

The paper focuses on a validation approach of numerical modeling applications used in the study of wave and current propagation within adjacent areas of maritime/coastal ports, using satellite remote sensing data against in-situ data and model results? data. An advantage of using a forecast numerical model is its ability to allow an analysis within a relatively short time, but approaching numerically in a simple manner the different coastal hydrodynamic processes, without an appropriate validation it can give erro...

This paper deals with the calculation of rock volume located in the hard-to-reach terrain of a water dam. During the reconstruction of the safety slip of the water dam, it was necessary to remove this rock and to determine the volume extracted at a particular stage of the construction. In addition, calculations of the total amount of rock above the given coordinates of the reconstruction project were solved. The reason was the need to know the amount of rock that still needs to be excavated to get the builders to ...

Spatial 3D-reconstruction applications today use mostly fully automated methods based on Structure from Motion (SfM) and Multi-View Stereo (MVS) algorithms. In these cases it is emphasized that the camera calibration parameters can be approximate, i.e. downloaded from EXIF data or even avoided, to facilitate the use of uncalibrated cameras in everyday measuring tasks. However, the accuracy of the spatial reconstruction of the model, recorded with an uncalibrated camera can be significantly reduced. Especially if t...

In the context of the current climate change faced by mankind, a series of phenomena are emerging, which can pose problems to both several environmental aspects, including among others biodiversity and agricultural crops. Drought is a regional phenomenon which, through its impact on agriculture, can also have a bad influence on the economy. Apple farming, through its spreading area and its importance in human nutrition and health is also affected by this aspect. Based on high temperatures and a reduced amount of p...

In 2018, a project called ?Monastic settlement as a socio-economic phenomenon in early Islamic Northern Mesopotamia? has been launched at the Palacky University in Olomouc in cooperation with the Czech Technical University in Prague (CTU, Faculty of Civil Engineering, dept. of Geomatics). The project is granted from the Czech Science Foundation for three years. The project will be carried out in the autonomous Iraqi region of Kurdistan, where the Czech Archaeological Mission, the longest continuously operating for...

The aim of this study is to validate the possibility of using the 100 Megapixels Hasselblad Hd-6 middle format camera and Agisoft PhotoScan in the Cultural Heritage documentation. The subject of this investigations is the fresco decoration in one of the rooms in the Bieli?ski Palace in Otwock Wielki, near Warsaw (Poland). The frescos cover the walls of a room of 11,5 ? 5,5 m in one of the wings of the palace. The results of the data analysis convincingly show that a higher resolution can be obtained using a Hassel...

The use of UAVs is becoming more and more common today. Otherwise, it is not in the field of modern geodesy only, where this technology is already commonly used to facilitate certain types of work. Especially for jobs that do not require extra high precision, work in large areas, or work in poorly accessible places. This article focuses on comparing point clouds produced by the UAV measurement with terrestrial laser scanning point cloud and determining the results precision according to a number of ground control ...

Interferometric data processing (InSAR) for extraction of information about the Earth terrain and its changes is one of the general guidelines in development of contemporary space-based radar systems. The InSAR processing for building the digital elevation models (DEM) and terrain displacement maps includes a phase noise suppression step, which is usually performed by adaptive spectral filers (Goldstein filter). Such filters need an interferometric coherence value as a parameter, and a method of coherence estimati...

Copernicus is a European Union programme designed to provide a service in delivering free, openly accessible data about the Earth?s surface through satellite and in-situ observations. On the other hand, Landsat represents the world?s longest standing continuously acquired collection of space-based, moderate-resolution, land remote sensing data for those working in agriculture, geology, forestry, regional planning, education, mapping, and global change research. Although the images of these satellite systems are ch...

One of the certificates that characterizes ecological landscape changeability is fractal dimension. According to Environmental Protection Agency, the dynamics and vectors of those changes can be determined in three-dimensional space where fractal dimension makes one of the axes. Entropy can be regarded as another measurement of changeability (chaos). Application of such measurement of landscape changeability as comparative patterns of land cover is the subject matter of the paper. A fragment of a vertical color ph...

Research was performed on the application of airborne laser scanning (ALS) data for the assessment of land use and land cover (LULC) changes, especially for the monitoring of land abandonment and increase of forest succession area. An automated method was developed based on the raster product of ALS data processing, leading to a normalized digital surface model (nDSM). In parallel, a manual vectorization orthophotomap analysis and spatial analyses based on the official cadastral data were performed, for comparison...

During the Thirty Years? War in Europe, the Czech Lands represented one of its most frequent battlefields. In 1647, when General Wrangel led a Swedish campaign towards the central parts of the Habsburg Monarchy, a short clash between the Swedes and the Imperial army took place in Western Bohemia near to the castle of T?ebel. Previous studies of iconographic sources published in contemporary documentary writings, supplemented by field archaeological work, have shown that the Hrotek Hill near Plan? was the likely po...

Currently, it is possible to capture geospatial data, which represents terrain surfaces in the form of point cloud, by using two diametrically different technologies: laser scanning and ?structure from motion? technology which is based on sets of properly acquired 2D photos. Both of these technologies allow to obtain a substantially the same product - point cloud, although it is a direct measurement product from laser scanning technology (TLS), while in the case of the structure from motion technology it is a deri...

Technical progress in the field of 3D modelling resulted in increasing use of such technics to create a virtual 3D models of objects. Three-dimensional spatial models are used in a wide range of applications such as inventorisation of architecturalconstruction, an inventorisation of archaeological sites, medicine and wide-known engineering. Spatial models are created based on the point clouds acquired with laser scanners or photogrammetry. Each of these data acquiring methods has its advantages, limitations and ac...

Manuscript is devoted to comparative analysis of digital elevation models (DEMs) derived from data collected on the city road interchange of the Almaty by different methods. Nowadays this is an actual theme for the Almaty city, as the growing metropolitan area. Specifically, there is a traffic flow increase every year, and therefore it is necessary to solve the problem of the city?s road load by building new city road interchanges with greater capacity, at the same time, and to increase efficiency of existing road...

An explosion occurred at the ammunition storage depot in Padjene, Croatia, on 13 September 2011, caused by a fierce forest fire. The depot was totally destroyed and unexploded ordnance left scattered around it. A digital surface model and highresolution georeferenced ortho-mosaic were produced to monitor the cleared site of the former depot for remaining explosive devices and other waste generated by the explosion. Airborne image collection in 2015 covered the Padjene depot and vicinity with very high-resolution i...

Hyperspectral images and field spectroradiometer with high spectral resolution can improve substantially crop mapping by reducing similarities between different crop types which has similar ecological conditions. This is done by recording fine details of the crop interaction with sunlight. This paper deploys crop spectral signatures database interactive tool for the major crops in the Eastern Mediterranean Basin. The collection of spectral signatures of crops is performed during the growth stage of the crops. The ...

Thermal imaging is contemporary remote sensing measurement technique, which provides an image of the temperature distribution in the measured object. The method is widely used, due to its mobility as well as the non-destructive character of the measurement. Infrared thermography is especially relevant in the inspection of insulation, what is more, it is a suitable device for detecting thermal bridges and structural changes, which can impact building energy performance. In the paper, authors brought up the issue an...

Observation of clouds with radars in millimeter wave range is one of the most powerful remote sensing methods to derive information on interior of clouds. We have developed and are operating a cloud profiling FMCW (Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave) Doppler radar named FALCON-I (FMCW Radar for Cloud Observations) at 95GHz. It is a bistatic antenna system, which is usually used for FMCW radar, and consists of two 1m-diameter antennas with high spatial resolution of 0.18 degree FWHM. A High range resolution of 15m...

One of the results of increasingly intensive development of subsurface resources is a global change in ecological and geodynamic safety of the natural environment. It is known that intensive extraction of minerals has led to the change on the subsoil and, as a consequence, to the redistribution of the deformed state of very significant volumes of rock mass with adverse consequences for the environment. For this reason, in many deposit fields geodynamic monitoring is actively carried out using ground-based technolo...

The rapid development of computer technology and the new technologies of data processing and capturing has brought on the development of automated documentation methods. In modern cultural heritage documentation technology, there are three steps: the documentation of an object, the creation of a 3D model and the visualization of the results. Modern documentation methods like laser scanning or image-based modelling and rendering (IBMR) give us the possibility to create a real 3D model of findings in archaeology, cu...

Satellite imagery with different spatial resolutions and global daily revisit time provide much information of earth surfaces on a large scale in a short time. Thereby it is necessary to determine the horizontal accuracy of the satellite imagery to enable the possibility of their future everyday use in different application fields like environmental assessment, urban monitoring, forestry management, etc. In this research multispectral (MS) imagery from PlanetScope (PS), RapidEye (RE) and WorldView-2 (WV2) satellit...

The construction work is constantly controlled and monitored in order to ensure the compliance of the emerging building with the project for the construction and evaluation of the quality and correctness of its particular elements. Continuous control allows to provide information on the stage of work progress on a current basis, and to detect any construction errors, which in the future may cause instability of the structure. In addition to traditional methods of measuring and acquiring spatial data, terrestrial l...

Land use and land cover (LULC) in the vicinity of airports are the key elements in spatial planning and aerodromes development. In many geographical contexts there are cartographic databases or geographic information systems providing necessary and updated information on LULC. On the other hand where the geodatabases are not available or outdated the satellite images can be used for mapping, especially weatherindependent radar imageries. Synthetic Aperture Radars (SAR) operating in microwave region (L-, C- or X-ba...

The process of generation of geometric documentation is an important tasks in the field of conservation and management of cultural heritage objects. The 3D documentation is commonly used in conservation, restoration and analysis of historical objects and sites. The recent development of low-cost photography such as mobile phones, digital compact cameras or action cameras are now becoming dependable sources of data, which allow to create reliable and accurate documentation for different types of cultural heritage o...

The permafrost zone (cryolithozone) is undergoing now an intensive anthropogenic influence. The strongest influence of the linear structure could be heating of the upper part of the ground layer, thawing of ice inclusions, weakening of the soil and surface subsidence. The strongest risk for constructing engineering structures within the southern part of the cryolithozone results from peatlands because of peat soil with high ice content. The aim of this work is revealing main interpretation criteria of peatlands co...

The temperature at the Earth?s surface can be estimated by ground-based methods or satellite remote sensing data. Satellite remote sensing is the only means of obtaining longterm homogeneous series of land surface temperature data. The network of ground-based observations usually is quite rare, so it is important to obtain information by remote methods. From the values of the thermal infrared spectral bands, it is possible to determine the radio brightness temperature of the underlying surface. The compilation of ...

During the satellite SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) data analysis it is highly important to remove all the noise components from the image. The most critical disturbance that affects radar images is speckle noise. Many different filtration methods to reduce this noise have been proposed in the literature up to now. This paper presents the results of SAR image filtration using the methods of mathematical morphology. During this work over 20 different morphological filters have been tested ? both classical ones (ope...

To date, the photographic methods of core analysis are represented mainly by multispectral and luminescent analyses. There is, however, one more method called close-range photogrammetry allowing creation of three-dimensional models of core samples. This means that one can obtain a high-resolution image of the core sample?s surface and then use it as a virtual thin section. This paper presents a method for obtaining textures and surface patterns of the core, as well as techniques for their processing with the aim o...

The Digital Terrain Model (DTM) is a set of XYZ coordinates of appropriately selected points of the terrain surface created as its digital representation and the algorithms enabling the reconstruction of its shape in a specific area. The quality of a DTM depends on several factors like precision, accuracy and reliability of the measurements. This study was conducted in order to develop and evaluate the method enabling the analysis of the accuracy of the DTM without field measurements. The research was carried out ...

This article was created as a result of research conducted within the master thesis. The purpose of the research was to analyze the accuracy of determining the actual position of the photographed points according to the calculated parameters. The accuracy of photos alignment was determined as parameters, which determine their external and internal orientation. In order to determine the location of the determined points, it was decided to follow the photogrammetric resection rule. In order to automate the measureme...

Unmanned aerial vehicles are used now in different spheres of economy from agriculture to inspection of industrial facilities. In view of the increased demand for this type of service, the quality of the data received has become a question. One of the most important factors affecting the quality of the data is the efficiency of self-calibration of non-metric digital cameras. The criteria have been defined for evaluating the effectiveness and feasibility of self-calibration for a particular photogrammetric network,...

The aim of this paper is to analyze the possibility to use a wide angle lens for historical basements investigation. For this purpose the test site located in the Bieli?ski Palace in Otwock Wielki, Poland, was chosen. In order to generate a dense point cloud Agisoft PhotoScan was used. Reconstruction results were compared both with the Terrestrial Laser Scanner point cloud and data acquired from a normal lens camera. The main advantage of the point cloud acquired by the wide angle lens is the higher robustness of ...