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The waste water from the food industry consist of waters of transport and washing of the raw material, technological waters, the condensation or water cooling system, waters resulting from washing and disinfecting rooms of manufacture, machinery and packaging, waters of sanitary facilities. These contain significant quantities of solid residues, represented by the scrap of raw materials, discarded products, unusable tailings from products, etc. The waste waters from the food industry is characterized by a high con...

The international conventions regarding the climate change, namely the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement, include the recommendations for international organisations that are responsible for the supervision over the transportation other than land transport. The recommendations refer to the efforts of these branches of the economy to reduce global CO2 emissions. It has been assessed that the maritime transport is the source of around 800 Mt of CO2 per year emitted to the atmosphere. Given the forecast regardin...

The effect of K2CO3, K3PO4 Na2CO3, and Na3PO4 on transesterification of rapeseed oil (RO) with methanol was investigated to evaluate their potential for application as biodiesel production catalysts. All anhydrous alkaline salts catalyze transesterification reaction. Higher yield than 95% of rapeseed oil methyl esters (RFAME) was attained in the reaction time from 10 to 300 min. Potassium salts have significantly higher catalytic performance than Na2CO3 and Na3PO4. However, potassium salt recovery from reaction mi...

Forest is the main resource of Latvia. Forests occupy 52% of the total land area of Latvia. Since ancient times forest has provided humans with basic necessities, yet over the course of time the role of forest has changed. Nowadays lumber production plays the primary role, while gathering the other forest products represent forest sub-uses. The research aim is to analyse the production of non-wood forest products in Latvia from various perspectives. The research employed the following methods: monographic and grap...

This article is referring to an analysis regarding the project management of a big size energy efficient commercial building in Romania. There is made a project management analysis status for the construction building project, according to its approved design for the execution. After that, there is shown the project management status analysis for the first operational year, right after the end of the building construction. There are presented the main aspects of the project management tasks for the developed comme...

Due to EU environmental legislation focused on the reduction of waste, all post-consumer tyres must be reused, retreated or recycled. Rubber derived from post-consumer tyres is utilised in a number of engineering applications, however the market solutions for steel components are still not discovered. The main objective of the research was to develop the method of the valuable steel tyre cord application in the construction sector. Studies were conducted on recycled fibres modified concrete properties to examine t...

Magnesium oxychloride (MOC) cement, also called Sorel cement is a type of non-hydraulic cement, formed by mixing magnesium oxide powder with magnesium chloride solution. It was developed in 1867, shortly after the invention of Portland cement. MOC cement has many properties superior to Portland cement including lower carbon emission, lower thermal conductivity, higher fire resistance and excellent bonding ability to a wide range of fillers. For these advantages, MOC cement has been conventionally used for making f...

Property investment is predominately determined by the characteristic features of the good. The specifics of the real estate is shaped by a group of physical, economic and institutional-legal characteristics. The most important from the point of view of the investor involve: stability in place, durability, diversity, deficit, location, protection against inflation, loan security, capital protection, reduction of current expenditure, consumption. Because of the features mentioned above real estate is considered a v...

In recent years, bio-economics and alternative energy sources have become increasingly important in the economic environment of the European Union. The reasons for this development are not only environmental, but also economic benefits. The Union is seeking to increase investment in alternative energy sources, thereby promoting sustainable development, new jobs and the circular economy. Alternative energy sources, also known as renewable energy are inexhaustible sources of energy that do not pollute the environmen...

Various methods are used in the mining of minerals, where the transport of material is an integral part. This paper deals with the transport problem of backfill material from surface stock to underground tank. To solve the problem is applied the capacitive calculation of transport using 2 trucks and a loader. The calculation is complemented by graphic models. The backfill material is available on 5 surface stocks. It is possible to transport the material directly to the workplace from each heap, which is not effec...

This paper presents and supports a speculative hypothesis, the essence of which follows. When continental margins in zones of convergence are buried beneath thrust sheets, fluids expelled from the margin sediments travel into the foreland basin and the continental interior. These tectonic fluids have key roles in phenomena such as faulting, magma generation, migration of hydrocarbons, transport of minerals and metamorphism. The thrust sheet, crudely speaking, acts like a great squeegee, driving fluids ahead of it ...

The paper is focused on the assessment of the public interest in the case of carrying out of investment projects on waterways. The realization of projects on waterways has very wide spectra of whole societal impacts, which include technical, economic, environmental and in some cases also historical aspects of investing. The objective of the paper is to introduce methodological steps for the evaluation of partial variants of investment project on the waterway from the point of view of the predominant public interes...

The composition and properties of drinking water supply systems Ukraine must meet STATE STANDARDS 2.2.4-171-10 "Hygienic requirements for drinking water intended for human consumption". According to them, the concentration of iron for drinking water should not exceed 0,2 mg/dm3. Increased concentrations of iron dramatically reduce its consumer qualities. Water gets an unpleasant taste, yellow-brown color and becomes unusable for use, it is a reason of the rejection in the textile, food, paper and cosmetic industry...

One of the possible innovative ways how to process and utilize waste is its pyrolysis in the pyrolysis unit Pyromatic 250. The tests were conducted by Ostravsk? LTS, a.s. in laboratory conditions in the ENET Center of V?B-TU Ostrava. The input material was provided by MEVAPACK, s.r.o. Pyrolysis is a thermal decomposition of organic substances without access of oxygen. This decomposition produces three fractions ? liquid fraction, gaseous fraction and a solid residue. These can be used for heating of the pyrolysis ...

The process of generation of geometric documentation is an important tasks in the field of conservation and management of cultural heritage objects. The 3D documentation is commonly used in conservation, restoration and analysis of historical objects and sites. The recent development of low-cost photography such as mobile phones, digital compact cameras or action cameras are now becoming dependable sources of data, which allow to create reliable and accurate documentation for different types of cultural heritage o...

The article presents the second part of the results of asymmetrical disc tools laboratory tests. The first part of this study was presented at SGEM International Conference in 2017. Asymmetrical disc mining tools can be used for mechanical mining of hard rocks, as an alternative to blasting methods. The study was conducted on a dedicated laboratory stand, with an installed drive power of 80 kW. Stand consists of rotating rock sample, mined by special plate equipped with asymmetrical disc tools by a so-called under...

Natural sources can contribute with significant radiation quantities toward the total radiation exposure that humans receive. The majority of this natural radiation is harmless to humans in the ambient environment. However, radon, a large component of the natural radiation which humans are exposed to, can pose a threat to the workers health when radon gas accumulates in poorly ventilated occupational settings. Radon is the most hazardous natural source of radiation. Even if it is an inert gas, having no color, tas...

This study investigates content of radioactive gas radon ? Rn-222 in a number of sources of surface waters of different type (spring, artesian, well, river etc.), located in the territory of Kartli artesian basin, Georgia. Water samples were selected from 23 sources. Researches were carried out in the period January-December; samples from several locations were selected monthly. Electronic radon detector RAD7 was used for radon content determination. It was established, that radon content ranged depending on the s...

It is already a fact that at present a major source of obtaining competitive advantage is related to the green development of enterprises. Sustainability is an important element in the core values of the consumers belonging to the Millennial Generation, which is the most numerous living generation nowadays. In this context, all projects related to the implementation of sustainability respect the profile of this new consumer. In 1992, the European Union Ecolabel has been established for several types of products an...

Romania is one of the most seismic-prone countries in Europe due to the periodically occurrence of strong intermediate-depth earthquakes in Vrancea seismogenic zone. In the last decades, many efforts were done to gather macroseismic intensities in case of felt Vrancea earthquakes and additionally an online environment was developed for the automatic approximation of the intensity from people feedback. Besides the extended scientific studies, the near real time estimation of the macroseismic intensity recently beca...

This paper presents a recent study regarding choosing and optimizing of the appropriate test methods to characterization and analysis of used oils from different sectors of activity, in order to evaluate the heavy metal content. In the first step, the samples preparation stage for metal analysis, a number of preparation methods have been tested and finally chosen as optimal, a microwave digestion method. For comparison the metals were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and atomic abs...

The subject undertaken in the article is poorly researched so far, and at the same time very current, because it concerns the space management strategy in large European cities in the aspect of sustainable spatial development policy. It concerns certain type of Space Left Over After Planning ? areas under elevated infrastructure (bridges, viaducts and flyovers). Underspaces either mostly remain undeveloped for long time or are intended for parking lots or technical facilities. Lack of inadequate management and neg...

The paramagnetic properties of core samples from the section of the reference well were performed on 62 samples (1478,1? ? 1455,3? interval) Zadon?s horizon Famennian period by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) for mineral associations of the of the Upper Devonian deposits of the Volga-Ural region of the Republic of Tatarstan. Thus, a complex of geochemical EPR parameters of rocks (Mn2+, Fe3+ in limestones, anionic complexes SO3, SO2, PO2, alfa = 15 * I (Mg) / I (Ca) ions Mn positions Mg / Ca in dolomite, C600...

Project management is a recognized and used technique for the preparation and implementation of projects. There are several different methodologies worldwide, which try to achieve the same goal by different approaches - previously defined goal of the project. In construction industry, the projects are always connected to the particular type of construction. However, the goal of the project is not the realised construction itself, but it is the means how to achieve it. Construction production is characterized, amon...

Widespread use of natural stones has been a habit that has been going on for centuries. In addition to this widespread use, this material causes a significant amount of waste materials to be exposed during the processing of these materials. This is an economic problem in terms of both environmental pollution and disposal in waste materials. Therefore, the evaluation of these natural rock wastes is an important issue. In this study, it is aimed to recover the waste materials in natural stone workshops in Kahramanma...

The automotive industry is today a sector that significantly influences and at the same time develops other sectors of the national economy such as engineering, metallurgical, electrical, chemical or construction industries. The paper deals with the possibility of recycling recovery of selected components from vehicles over their lifetime. The authors focus on the components of external vehicle lights (front lights, rear group lights, front fog lights, side direction lights, branding light). It presents its own re...

Waste poses a growing problem is the contemporary world. The volume of household waste per resident continues to increase at a staggering rate. In line with the EU requirements, growing proportions of waste should be recycled, and Poland is expected to recycle 50% of its entire waste stream by 2020. Biological waste can also be recycled, but the recovery rate for this waste fraction is close to zero in Poland. The above applies particularly to biological waste from households. The quantity of OFMSW generated by a ...

In the polluted area with emissions from Zlatna metallurgical plant, more than 50,000 ha of agricultural and forestry land has been affected by pollution over a time period of 200 years. Approximately 5,000 ha from these lands were severe and extremely polluted. The vegetation was completely destroyed on more than 2,000 ha, leading to intense erosion processes. The forest vegetal cover was completely destroyed, and the trees had some dry branches, spots on leaves, bark burns and even completely destroyed, the oak ...

The paper presents the results of the experiments on a sterile dump resulted from surface mining of lignite in Rovinari, Gorj County, where, was been tested the effect of a variety of fertilizer as: liquid fertilizers based on humates extracted from lignite, complex mineral fertilizer (N105 P105 K105 and N150 P150 K150), farmyard manure (20, 40 and 60 t/ha), compost (20, 40 and 60 t/ha), and the mixture of the two types of organic fertilizers with mineral fertilizer. Two test plants, corn, and sunflowers have been...

This paper presents several issues regarding the dynamic behaviour of the pedestrian footbridges structure under the action of general loads generated by the pedestrians? displacement, together with the correlated traffic comfort of the pedestrians crossing the structure. The footbridge crossing comfort criterion requires the inclusion of vibration frequencies and accelerations of the structures in certain limits so that the vibration amplification or resonance is avoided. The paper puts under investigation six fo...

Coals, being heterogeneous matter in general have very complex composition. In South Africa, coal is mainly utilized for electricity generation followed by metallurgical and industrial usages. During the combustion of coal as the main utilization process, there are different chemical components released and these have been found to be the cause of many challenges of using coal for fuel. Out of many challenges of coal utilization, there is the release of SOx, NOx and other harmful minerals, which are highly attribu...

The paper deals with the negative effects of mining on the transport network in the Moravian-Silesian area, especially is focused on problems reflected in construction layers of transport-related structures (railways, roads, area storage and handling areas). With the extraction downturn, the sources and objectives of transport have changed including the characteristics of transport flows of all traffic roads and connections. Various measures for all transport modes situated in Moravian-Silesian region are identifi...

A computer programme aiding the diagnostics of the devices in the marine power plant and operation management of this power plant on the fishing vessel of medium size have been characterized. The programme is installed on the Dutch fishing vessels (Fig. 1) of 40 m length and gross tonnage just above 400 RT, with 5-7 persons of crew (skipper, mechanic and fishers). Such vessels are usually dedicated for fishing of demersal fish. Particular modules of the programme used both for diagnostics of devices and organizati...

Romania has realized that potential risks arising from anthropogenic activities with a possible significant impact on human health, soil quality, groundwater and surface water. Therefore concerns for soil protection, sustainable use of its conservation and restoration capacity where possible / necessary to its fulfillment as many functions show a significant upward trend. In the process of harmonizing national policies with the European Union policies and transposing and implementing EU rules and regulations, the ...

The temperature at the Earth?s surface can be estimated by ground-based methods or satellite remote sensing data. Satellite remote sensing is the only means of obtaining longterm homogeneous series of land surface temperature data. The network of ground-based observations usually is quite rare, so it is important to obtain information by remote methods. From the values of the thermal infrared spectral bands, it is possible to determine the radio brightness temperature of the underlying surface. The compilation of ...

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) of iron oxides are increasingly used in many laboratory and medical applications such as hyperthermia, magnetic resonance imaging or magnetic drug delivery. Popular in medical applications are magnetite (Fe3O4) and maghenite (?-Fe2O3) nanoparticles. They have gained a great interest because of their low toxicity, biocompatibility, simple separation methodology, and low cost of production. A novel magnetic hydrogel adsorbent based on gellan gum and Fe3O4 (GG/Fe3O4) was synthesized and ...

The development of renewable energy sources increasingly affects the shape of both energy policies and the construction of the power system of EU Member States. This is mainly due to the fact that successive legal regulations created in the European Union are increasingly promoting the so-called clean energy sources. The climate policy of the European Union, going towards "low-emission" or even "zero-emission" forces the necessity of a far-reaching reconstruction of the Polish National Power System, which we were ...

The effects of global warming are becoming more and more felt by changing climatic conditions across the entire surface of the earth. Thus, in some regions of the Earth's surface, catastrophic floods have begun to occur more and more often due to the increase in both the occurrence frequency and the intensity of torrential rains. In order to reduce the flood damage, it is necessary to prepare hazard maps and flood risk maps. These maps are prepared using hydraulic simulation of the flood propagation on the waterco...

Poland's membership in the European Union obliges us to implement the rules binding in the Member States and to the preservation of the principles of sustainable development understood as the integration of economic, social and legal activities through the implementation of new technologies for environmental protection. In order to fulfill the obligations arising from the Directive of the European Parliament and the Council 2010/31/UE of May 19, 2010 on the energy performance of buildings, from January 1, 2017, ac...

The solving of the project of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic dedicated to sustainable agricultural management in the North Western Bohemia is under way from 2015 to 2018. The main attention of the 2017 and 2018 research is devoted to the research of experimental areas retained to the natural succession. The second research problem was the development of the geological parks as a part of the restoration activities. The last part of the paper is the brief information about first step of historical...

New results of the main bentonite localities mineralogical research in the Most Basin area are the main topic of this paper. The main attention is devoted to the quarry Rokle near Kada? city. The first part of this article briefly summarises geological situation of these localities, parameters of the mined raw material and possibilities of bentonite application. The second part of the paper describes result of the long term mineralogical research of these localities. The last part of this article presents new mine...

The target of this article is the presentation of the first steps of solving the project No. TH03020368 from the programme EPSILON titled ?The optimisation of the shape and material of ground and mining machines research?. The main topic of this article is the optimization of the tooth shape and primarily the optimization of the materials used for manufacturing of cutting bodies of the ground and mining machines. This research is necessary for increasing of efficiency of mining process in conditions of the Most Ba...

The production of a titanium sponge obtained by the reduction of titanium tetrachloride by magnesium is accompanied by the formation of a huge amount of chloride waste. They are annually stored in landfills - storages, polluting the environment. Consequently, one of the topical problems of titanomagnesium production is the processing of chloride waste. In Kazakhstan, there are a variety of sources of chloromagnesium raw materials for the electrolytic production of magnesium, but they are not used in the magnesium ...

Separation processes are highly influenced by medium in which separation is performed, particularly its rheological properties. One of the most important rheological parameter of medium is viscosity. Many researchers have noted the primary role of viscosity in separation processes. During classification of milled raw, with an increase in the viscosity of the medium (up to a certain limit), the overall productivity of the hydrocyclone increases and the distribution of liquid volumes leaving through the apex and vor...

In the combustion processes the nature and concentration of the developed gaseous effluents depends on the type of materials that are subject to combustion as well as on the conditions in which the oxidation processes take place. The purpose of this paper is the experimental determination of the combustion parameters and the study of the developed gaseous effluents from several combustible materials. The production of gaseous products resulting from combustion results in different yields depending on several param...

The harvesting of the material has been done by means of entomological mesh and Barber soil traps from some wheat crops in the Dele?ti - Vaslui area. In the Barber traps, consisting of plastic containers height of about 10-12 cm and 8-10 cm in diameter were placed a solution of about 4% strength formalin. Six traps were used for each experimental variant, with a total of 18 traps. For entomological mesh collection, periodically, with the harvesting of the material picked up to the soil traps were made 100 threads ...

The study aims to present the interspecific relationships between fish and cormorants from Comana Pond and Putu-Greci ponds. Also, it is presented the dynamic of the ichtyofauna, during 2011-2017 years, in Comana Nature Park, on the watercourses of the Neajlov River, Comana Pond or Neajlov Delta, Gurbanu River and Putu-Greci Ponds. The Comana Pond, with area of 1200 hectares, in 2011 suffered a major intervention on the habitat characteristic of wetland, namely an ecological reconstruction, by constructing a low-r...

Production and consumption of electricity is, in contemporary society, the significant technical indices and social level you have reached. The use of electricity involves electric power systems (ESS), representing the large technical systems, which shall incorporate the Assembly plants for the production, transportation, distribution and consumption of electricity. Within the framework of the ESS are retrieved hydroelectric power plants (CHE), which represents about 25 percent of the installed power in power stat...

The base of the Northern Bohemian region is made up of the kratogen (old block) of the ?Bohemian Massif? that belongs to the so-called Hercynian (Variscan) province. Its development was tectonically terminated by hercynian orogenesis, which means by orogeny in the Palaeozoic Era (Carbon). Such regions are not very promising for the occurrence of geothermal energy, unlike geologically younger areas. But the heat flow is significant in some parts and consequently the area is called the ?Czech geothermal heat flow an...

Wood waste is a very important group of waste, interesting for its potential in material recycling as well as energy recovery. In this large quantitatively and varied qualitatively group of waste, two main types of waste are distinguished: wooden waste and post-consumer wood. The analysis of suitability of post-consumer wood for thermal conversion covered selected wood waste: boxed wood furniture made of wood-based panels and internal door waste, made of MDF. Wastes were not contaminated with chemicals pollutants,...