Browse

Large-scale changes can be observed in the Russian society in the XXI century. They laid the foundation to the Russian Federation integration into the global political, economic and cultural space, to the demarcation of a great number of borders as well as identified the indispensable necessity to uphold national interests of the state on a permanent basis. The processes of globalization, the development of international economic relations between the countries of the world community increased the need for competi...

The primary goal of the economic and innovative potential development lies in promoting cooperation between Russian universities along with academic organizations and manufacturing companies in order to expand knowledge-intensive production and fuel the supply of innovative products and services. Cooperation between universities and enterprises is organized around the joint development of sought-after technological solutions which are used as the basis for the creation of innovative products. By addressing applied...

Legislative changes within the circular economy package, initiated by the European Union and in the process of incorporation into the legislation of the Czech Republic, lead to a ban on landfill after 2024. More precisely, these changes lead to a significant reduction of landfill, with tons of landfilled waste. The aim of the changes is to reduce the landfilling of municipal waste to a maximum of 10% in 2035, to prohibit landfilling of recoverable waste (mixed municipal waste) and to increase the recycling of muni...

Organic production is an overall system of farm management and food production that combines best environmental and climate action practices. Although various research studies estimate that the demand for organic products will increase in the world, farmers are reluctant to switch to this more environmentally friendly way of farming. In Latvia, organic farming developed rapidly after joining the EU in 2004 owing to the support policies implemented by the European Union (EU) and Latvia. In 2004, there were 1043 cer...

Organic production has become a highly specialized agricultural system, which requires specific professional education, knowledge and technologies. The global demand for organic products is projected to increase in the future. In Latvia, the output of organic agricultural products continues increasing, yet the current output as well as the growing processing and sales capacity is not able to meet the demand for organic products by consumers, which is expected to increase over the next years. Therefore, the aim of ...

The massive depletion of natural resources, together with the inefficient use of end-of-life materials, results in the generation of vast amounts of waste. The waste material recycling poses a challenge for the present generation and alteration of current material streams needs to be reconsidered to mitigate the consequent environmental burdens. The construction industry produces several millions of tons of brick debris which remain landfilled or, at the best, are used as a substitute for natural aggregates. Howev...

At present, the issue of environmental protection is very important in the world. In Portland cement production a large amount of greenhouse gas is released, namely 8 % of all world anthropogenic emissions. CO2 emissions from cement production are associated with fuel combustion and decomposition of limestone during firing of the raw mixture. Scientists around the world are trying to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide released by replacing the main component of cement ? clinker with various additives. In recent y...

A professional aviation meteorological service has been established in the territory of the Slovak Republic, the stations of which are unevenly distributed and do not cover the whole territory of Slovakia for information purposes. The addition of meteorological stations, whether mobile or installed at general aviation airports, would largely eliminate the occurrence of such "gray zones" without information coverage. Inexpensive meteorological stations installed at general aviation airports will help to solve the m...

The purpose of the article is to analyze the prospects of ?Green Growth? in cooperation with the oil sector of the economy of the countries, stated above. The creation of mechanisms for meeting the challenges of structural adjustment of the industrial economy under environmental threats of a planetary and regional nature could not but affect the countries - the largest producers and exporters of oil, such as key participants in the world oil market, Saudi Arabia (together with other Arabian monarchies - members of...

During the oil field development process some of productive formation areas remain undrained which brings to decrease of total recovery factor. Conventional methods of reservoir development control including well testing, tracer studies as well as reservoir simulation have significant limitations when analyzing the inter-well space. To localize oil saturated undrained areas in the inter-well space, it is necessary to develop new approaches, and one of them may be the geochemical survey based on analysis of gas com...

This paper seeks to analyse the prospects of locally grown soya in substituting imported soybean meal used in pig feeding in Latvia. Soybean meal is a superior source of protein in compound feeds due to its high protein contents and amino acid composition, but the EU is vastly dependent on the import of plant proteins, with the imports of soya for feed dominating. Latvia also imports considerable quantities of soybean meal that is close to the total production of local protein plants. Owing to potential economic b...

The main strategy of the world fishery complex is the development and implementation of technologies for deep processing of aquatic biological resources (WBR), including those that allow addressing the issue of filleting waste disposal. Using the existing technologies of processing, we get the amount of filleting waste of up to 80% or ~1.6 million tons of the average annual catch weight in the Russian Federation alone. However, it is known that fish skin and cartilage tissue are highly valuable technological raw m...

The paper deals with the problem of avoiding karst and suffosion development upon projecting engineering structures in the areas of covered karst. It is shown that in case the depth of subsurface part of buildings with deep-seated foundations may be varied depending on the geological structure, the choice of foundation depth should be aimed at preventing possible karst and suffusion development. This approach is exemplified by the case of Bol?shoi Theater building reconstruction in the center of Moscow. A well-gro...

This paper is focused on the simulation using Matlab/Simulink software? of the Photovoltaic (PV) module for a better understanding of the power generated under different atmospheric conditions. One diode model and double diode model of a PV cell are also shown in this paper. The simulations could be performed considering both models, but here only the PV characteristics for one diode model will be shown. Thus, the PV characteristics will be shown for series connection, for parallel connection, for series connectio...

The concept of greywater reuse has been gaining importance recently. These systems are also becoming a must in Europe, where there has not been such a pressure exercised on greywater (shower and bath water) reuse to date. The situation is dynamically changing, some countries in southern Europe start facing a lack of drinking water and new water resources must be searched for. Recycling some of the water is also encouraged by the fact that these systems are cheaper that sea water treatment. The main reason for grey...

Cultural ecosystem services are defined as all non-material services and benefits provided by ecosystems that have a symbolic, cultural or intellectual importance [1]. According to the Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (CICES), natural elements provide people with opportunities to gain cultural goods or benefits. In order to fulfil diverse needs and expectations of an urban community, it is necessary to have a wide range of different spaces that can satisfy various needs of various users - ...

The resource base of Ukraine has 60 deposits of iron ore with proven reserves. The quality assessment of these objects was carried out during their exploration several decades ago. Commodity products of domestic mining enterprises are various types of iron ore, concentrate, pellets, agglomerate. Mostly commodity concentrates have a total iron content of 64-65%. The best indicators (more than 67% of Fe total) are characteristic of certain types of concentrates of Central and Ingulets enterprises. The quality of com...

This paper analyses the vibrations and noises transmitted to the seafaring staff on a cargo river ship on the Danube between Novi Sad and Sulina. The ship has 5 people as sailing personnel: 1 captain, 1 coxswain, 1 mechanic, 2 sailors. The trip was made in the fall of 2018. Parallel measurements were made on the main bridge as well as inside the engines room, in three situations: ship leaving the shore, running and mooring maneuver. We measured and calculated the main vibration parameters: Vibration magnitude r.m....

The largest iron ore basin in Europe, located in the city of Kryvyi Rih and in which since 1876 and to this day continues the active development of the mining industry causes the rapid emergence of anthropogenic landscapes. And thus the question arises as to what scale technogenesis has covered, what the largest landscape systems have emerged as a result of the mining industry, and what optimization methods are being carried out to maintain the area to prevent man-made hazards. In our work we have analyzed the qua...

The recast of the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive 844 from 2018 stipulates the need of meeting the criteria of nearly Zero Energy Buildings, at both new and existing buildings. Although that the target is starting to get embraced by the design community, the process of modelling such buildings is very time consuming. The modelling and simulation of the construction joints, known as thermal bridges implies knowledge regarding numerical simulation and also the acquisition of commercial licenses in order to...

Two commonly used programming languages in geosciences are R and Python. Both languages come with inherent advantages and disadvantages. While Python is a general-purpose language with a readable syntax, R is built by statisticians and encompasses their specific language. In contrast with more nominative and static programming languages, like C++ or Java, both R and Python are heavily used in non-informatics disciplines, due to their relative ease of use. Notwithstanding the lower performance of both languages com...

One of the promising areas of rare-metal mineralisation containing rare-earth elements is the Karakamys ore district located in the west Balkhash region, within the limits of the Chu-Ili ore belt. The area is under-researched in regard to rare-earth mineralisation. Within the ore district, there are three dozen known rare-metal objects with associated rare-earth mineralisation (Karakamys, Shakshagaily and others). The majority of objects are concentrated in east near-contact zone of the Kaib granitoid massif, in m...

Waste is not only an environmental problem, but an economic loss because Romania recycles only a small part of municipal waste. The use of atmospheric pollutant dispersion models has become necessary due to cost-efficiency reasons, given the limitation of fixed measuring points/stations for these pollutants. The paper studies the dispersion of PM10 dust particle pollution in the landfill?s area of influence, depending on wind direction and speed. Simulations are based on measurements of suspended particles, carrie...

The paper considers the causes of freshwater scarcity and its worsening, and gives recommendations for the prevention, remediation and mitigation of climate change negative effects on groundwater. Wet technology sectors have been developed rapidly in the global market. Currently, there is already a clear increase in freshwater scarcity. According to the UN, over 1.2 billion people live under constant growth of freshwater scarcity, and FAO predicts that the number of those living in water scarcity conditions will e...

Study presents the current state and assessment of prospective ways of college campuses development in the Russian Federation based on environmental reconstruction. There is identified the main complex of problematic aspects of sustainable architectural development of campus territories. The paper proposes a concept of integrated modernization of buildings and territories of Russian universities. The presented priority directions for the college campuses reconstruction is based on the green building system. The re...

In 2019, the Slovak Republic committed to start implementing actions aimed at achieving carbon neutrality. The carbon neutrality is to be achieved by 2050. The selection of building materials in the project planning phase is considered to be one of the actions. When choosing a building material, the client will decide not only on the construction cost, but also on the environmental cost of building material. This environmental cost takes into account the carbon footprint from the initial origin of the building mat...

In Romania, the production of coal and lignite depends on the national demand for primary energy resources in the electricity production sector and on the available resources / reserves. Although it still plays an important role in the mix of electricity production and the safety of the National Energy System, especially in the winter, coal-fired electricity production is decreasing even this season. The considerations for which this situation was reached are: the programs for extractive industry reorganization an...

Cases of breakthrough on conveyors belt occur very often during the transport of heavy material in surface mines. The annual cost of their repairs in the Czech Republic is around two million euros. Therefore, we expected a constructional solution for impact points, which would reduce the dynamics of impacts and thus prevent to destroy the conveyors. In addition to reducing the number of punctures on conveyor belts, there has also been a significant reduction in dust in the area of transfer points. This article the...

Pollution and its effects on the environment have been at the centre of debates on the global stage, with growing concerns from researchers and the public. A major source of pollution is polymeric materials, which are increasingly used in various industries because of their similar properties to metal. If, in the case of polymeric thermoplastics materials we have recycling and reusing technologies when they reach the end of their lifespan or they break, not the same can be said about polymeric thermosetting materi...

The region of Kardzhali is earthquake prone to various local and near/trans border seismic impacts. That is why their combined analysis is of interest to be studied. The 3 most significant seismic events that struck this region in the last 15 years are considered and discussed. That is: the 2006, M=4.5 local one; the 2014, M=6.9 transborder and the 2019, M=3.6 local one. The real dynamic impact by these events transformed into the earthquake engineering characteristics they produced is evaluated. Data accumulated ...

The paper deals with the regrading and monitoring of the Brananska dump. It is located near the village of Branany on the Bilina open-cast mine, which is one of the mining sites of the company Severoceske doly a.s. The mining site reaches a depth of over 200 m, making it the deepest open-pit mine in the Most Basin. The coal seam thickness is from 25 m to 35 m. The first chapter is devoted to geotechnical description of the area of interest. Due to the fact that it is an anthropogenic dump, it is necessary in this ...

Regression analysis is widely used in situations where it is necessary to determine the dependence of a certain quantitative (continuous) variable on one or more other quantitative (continuous) variables, so-called regressors. It is necessary to determine in advance which variable is independent (explanatory) and which is dependent (explained). The aim of the regression analysis is to describe this dependence using a suitable mathematical-statistical model. The presented paper aims to find the possibilities of usi...

A responsible approach both to the environment and the principles of sustainable development in recent years not only concerns the corporate ecology itself, but it also overlaps into the field of design and construction of buildings. The concept of sustainable construction of buildings, which is based on three main pillars of sustainability, including the quality of the environment, social and cultural aspects as well as economic efficiency, is closely related to it. The main tasks of sustainable construction incl...

In the past few decades it has been evident that various human activities can induce local seismic activity. One of the important factors of human induced seismicity is hydrocarbon fields? development [6], [12]. One of the regions with probable induced seismicity is Tatarstan Republic where a giant Romashkino oilfield has been produced for a several decades. The link between seismicity and hydrocarbon production for this area was previously studied [1]. In this study the attempt has been made to find possible refl...

Soil unit weight is one of the most important parameter used in all geotechnical calculus related to design process of any type of constructions. Determination of this gravimetric -volumetric data can be done through laboratory tests in firm soils, or indirectly as itderive from some in situ investigations such as Cone Penetrations Test (CPT) or as severalgeophysical investigations such as Down hole, Cross hole, Logging P-S velocities, insoils which can?t support undisturbed samples (very wet organic soils or sand...

Renewable resources? share in meeting the power balance in Romania grew constantly during the past decade. Therefore, the contribution of polluting energy sources (such as coal or oil) has progressively reduced. Moreover, to enable environmental impact mitigation for the still operating classical plants, proper desulphurization equipment were installed. It is remarked that the shares corresponding to hydro-energy and nuclear energy show an almost constant trend. Sensible investments were made in the energy sector,...

A significant percentage of nowadays furniture is made of melamine faced chipboard. Even if the surface has a high resistance to aggressive factors, at the time of damage the commonly accepted solution is to replace the board or the entire affected assembly, even if the furniture is relatively new. Surface repair, in addition to being difficult, does not serve the interests of furniture or raw material manufacturers. The study verifies the possibility of repairing the surface of different melamine chipboard boards...

To date, the main oil and gas deposits in the Cambrian and Precambrian section of the south of the Siberian platform are confined to the terrigenous part of the Precambrian sedimentary cover, while in a much more powerful halogen-carbonate (HC) complex of the Vendian-Cambrian and the Lower Cambrian, the little commercial hydrocarbon accumulations were found. Therefore, the prospect of the largest reserve for increasing oil and gas deposits is associated with the carbonate complex. Along with the urgency of identif...

This article is devoted to the study and mathematical description of the mechanisms of oil pollution of objects of agro-industrial complex. The significance of the problem of ensuring the environmental safety of these objects through early detection, localization and prediction of the dynamics of the spread of oil pollution is shown. The basic properties of oil and oil products, as well as the features of their location and migration in the geological environment are considered. It was established that the migrati...

The Brown Coal Research Institute started the solving of the research project based on the optimisation of the shape and material of ground and mining machines in 2018. This research is necessary for increasing of efficiency of mining process in conditions of the Most Basin. The very important part of the research was the geological characteristic of the Most Basin main mining localities. Evaluation of the geological situation of the Bilina, Vrsany and Libous mines (mining of the overburden rocks in the CSA mine f...

The report presents the results of studies of the characteristics of the deformation signal during the preparation of regional earthquakes according to laser deformation measurements in the adit of the Talaya seismic station (Baikal region). Studies have shown a number of features during the deformation process on the eve of regional earthquakes. The deformation data recorded on the seismic station (? = 51°40`48``N, ? = 103°38`24``E) during the period from 1994 to 2015 were used as experimental material. During th...

This paper presents the results of a study of the hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose in a subcritical water medium. The influence of temperature, time, cellulose/water ratio, cellulose particle size, and other parameters on the hydrolysis process was studied. The influence on the process of pretreatment of aqueous dispersions of cellulose with ultrasound was studied. It was shown that the optimal processing time is 30 min (~ 150 kJ). Over a given period of time, destruction and partial hydrolysis of the amor...

The article presents the results of georadar-sensing (GRL-sounding) of the therapeutic mud manifestation site of Arasan-Kunduzdy litter located in the Panfilov district of Almaty region on the right bank of the former riverbed of Ili (oxbow), 45 km south-west of the city of Zharkent, in order to determine the power mud deposits and the study of its lithological structure. GRL- sounding was done using GPR OKO-2 AB-400 antenna unit. It was made 4 profiles on the north bank of litter (profile 1 - 150 m, profile 2 - 1...

The aim of the paper is to propose guidelines for a general virtual reality based framework for training people how to behave and evacuate in business buildings during disastrous events. Disaster is a chain of dangerous events or exposure to hazardous conditions, which could lead to harmful damages to people with an eventual loss of life or property. Such risk conditions can be managed by planning well ahead before disasters occur and by performing suitable training to avoid critical disaster consequences. The pap...

Spontaneous combustion is a phenomenon that results from the heating of combustible organic powders by slow oxidation and which occurs through the air passage (created by an air depression) through the mass of dust. The oxidation phenomenon of combustible powders represents their reaction with atmospheric oxygen resulting in products of carbon dioxide, carbon oxide, water and other gases whose content depends on the temperature at which the oxidation takes place. During oxidation, the oxidation rate is a function ...

The dynamics of oil production growth observed in the world is conditioned by intensification of oil resource development related to hard-to-recover fields, particularly, shale oil recovery that has allowed for the USA to become a leader in the world production. The common petroleum and gas production technique is hydraulic fracture treatment, which has become an issue of public concern as to its environmental safety. There is an ambivalent attitude towards this technology in the world. In some countries it is for...

The main goal of this work was to determine the effect of fertilization with N and P on three varieties of clover (Trifolium incarnatum L., Medicago lupulina L., Trifolium repens L.), their biomass production and soil quality under the cultivated crop. Soil conditions were monitored using the following indicators: content of plant available nutrients (P, Ca, Mg), Ctot and Ntot. The measured values will be used as a basis for the technology of growing clover and maize in mixed cropping. Our greenhouse pot experimen...

The work is devoted to historical retrospective on the main aspects of the modern concept of development of the world economic system. The relevance of research is due to the presence of environmental problems in the modern economy. The data on the impact of the concept of world development on environmental development are presented. The genesis of the development of the main scientific publications on the chosen research topic is presented. The role of such a non-governmental organization as the Club of Rome, whi...

The purpose of this paper is to study network simulation and modeling software and determine which tools are most suitable for designing a corporate computer network of commercial enterprise. The permanent improvement of automation tools, the integrated implementation of information processing and transmission systems in the enterprise structure require knowledge of all the advantages and disadvantages of new technologies to the smallest detail, the ability to use them as intended and, most importantly, effectivel...

The aim of this article is to create a risk analysis of selected school facilities which can be an auxiliary tool of security solutions against terrorism. Most terrorist attacks are focused on so-called soft targets - crowded places, which are not secure against violent attacks. Furthermore, attacks on school facilities abroad are frequent too. A wellprepared risk analysis is a necessary method to detect weaknesses and strengths of the security of a soft target. The university in Zlin in the Czech Republic was cho...