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One of the most important factors that can have notable effects on costs of stripping, drilling and blasting, loading and haulage due to disasters in mines is supporting the final pit slope by control blasting. Condition of existent discontinuities in rock mass toward the pit benches has a special influence on results of control blasting. In fact, factors such as dip, orientation, spacing, filling, etc. extremely change the outcomes of control blasting. Therefore investigation of discontinuities effects on results...

The Zbudza deposit is an important (major) deposit of halite within Slovakia but also Europe. It is possible establish that halite deposit Zbudza features attractive deposit about qualitative and quantitative aspect. It has important function on the part of selfsufficienty Slovak Republic in the production of salt and also in posse intersection to European trade. The economic effectiveness of financial investment is dependent from mining and process technology on the deposit. The investment efficiency is appreciat...

The investigated area has about 200 sq km and it is situated in the north of Eastern Carpathians. Our researches have been carried on samples at an altitude range between 700- 1800 meters a.s.l. There have been identified 4 forest communities: Calamagrostio villosae – Pinetum mugi Sanda et Popescu 2002, Hieracio transsilvanici – Piceetum Pawlowski et Br.-Bl. 1939, Hieracio transsilvanici – Abietetum (Borhidi 1971) Coldea 1991, Leucanthemo waldsteinii – Fagetum (Soo 1964) Tauber 1987. The goal of this study is refe...

A significant element characterizing a lasting development in Braila Plain region, but also in any other similar area, would be an environment factor i.e. the water, with an increasing importance when considered against the high dryness background. Generally speaking, both the consumed water and the consumption structure reflect the quality and quantity of water resources and, implicitly, the economic potential of the region at issue. As for Braila Plain, here there is a paradox to be considered : even if the regi...

In the last few years has begun the development of dynamic web applications, often called Web2.0. From this development was created a technology of composite web application also called Mashups. Composite web applications may easily combine huge amounts of data sources and functionalities of existing as well as future web applications and services. Therefore, they are used to develop a new device, which offers new possibilities in information usage. Great advantage of this technology is lowering the cost for the s...

In the study area the lowermost unit is the autochthonous Geyikdagı unit (Upper Cambrian-Lower Ordovician Seydisehir Formation, Upper Jurassic Hacialabaz formation, Upper Cretaceous Cokelen diabase and Upper Cretaceous Saytepe formation). The Bolkardagı unit (Devonian-Lower-Middle Carboniferous Hocalar formation, Upper Permian, Taskent formation and Jurassic-Upper Cretaceous Sinatdagı formation) rests allochthonously on the Geyikdagı Unit. The Bozkir unit (Bozkir melange with ophiolite and (Mahmuttepe limestone, K...

The climate, morphometric and lythological conditions confer certain peculiarities upon the waters resources of the northern-eastern Romanian Plain. One can say about the Braila Plain hydrographic network that it is poor and this is due to the discharge, situated under the value of 1 l/sqkm, but also to the very low relief energy. The allochthone rivers : the Danube, Siret, Buzau and Calmatui are affected by the refief climate conditions and also by the size and the geographic position of the hydrographic basins.

Performing a numerical analysis of water well drilling sector of Turkey was aimed in this study. Within this purpose, number of the machinery in equipment pool of the institutions and companies which are involved in the water well drilling, yearly drilling quantities, drilling equipment preferences and geological data of 2640 water well drilling boreholes opened in 73 provinces between the years of 1998 – 2006 and the results below have been reached: The Municipalities in Turkey meet 95 \% of their drinking water ...

Characterization of rock masses is one of the fundamental aspects of rock engineering. Particularly, as a rock mass characteristic, determination of the strength of jointed rock masses is difficult since the size of representative specimens including discontinuities is too large for laboratory testing. This problem can be overcome by using the Hoek– Brown empirical failure criterion in conjunction with the Geological Strength Index (GSI) classification system. However, characterization of rock masses and determina...

In this study, the volcanic rocks located in the South of Baskil (Elazig) town were investigated in terms of their geochemical, petrographical and geological charecteristics, for pointing out the relations of this unit with the late Cretaceous Komurhan ophiolite and Andean type arc magmatics (Baskil granitoid). The volcanic rocks crop out along an approximately east-west trending belt in the region. It is represented by alternations of volcanic and sedimentary rock units. The measured thickness of the volcanics in...

The importance of understanding Emotional intelligence (EI) skills has gravitated form the business management to training activities. The increasing number of recent researches on this relatively new subject have been tried to investigate its relationships to miscellaneous well-known concepts. Thus, this study aimed at exploring the relationship between one of those well-known concepts, job satisfaction, and emotional intelligence. To this end, a research has been conducted on the academic personnel (n=82) of fou...

The use of non-explosive demolition compounds has been extended within recent years to mining of building materials, as well as for the demolition of buildings and concrete structures in urban conditions. This environmentally friendly method has not been used in action for underground mining. The paper presents the outcomes of the research aimed at the elaboration of a new technology for underground mining of hard ores based on the use of demolition method as an alternative to the explosive one. A new compound of ...

This study aims to ensure the offshore pipeline under offshore vortex shedding analysis. Optimizations process depending on the iterative procedures requires an analysis considering each of extreme condition on the internal and external pipe flow. The stabilization of the offshore pipeline on sea bottom exposed to wind-generated wave and uniform-steady current action is achieved by utilized artificial concrete weights and sliding resistance between pipe and soil. Additionally, the vortex shedding induced dynamical...

The distributions of particle sizes and shapes are of great importance to industries employing various materials in powdered form. The investigations have shown that shape and morphological properties of particles affected subsequent processes such as flotation. On the other hand, crushing and grinding are factors that cause creation some changes in physical and chemical characteristics of processing materials such as distributions of sizes and shapes. In this research, experimental studies to determine the shape ...

Low concentration of chlorinates maybe found in wastewater, contaminated soils and air due to different industrial sources. Low level of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC)’s could be removed by adsorption, incineration and biofiltration methods. These methods have some disadvantages such as removal efficiency or high operation cost. Chlorine has been removed from the chlorinated aliphatic compounds under anaerobic conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate biological treatment of DCM and CT in high flow sp...

The oil and gas perspectives of the Triassic rocks in the Central South Moesian Platform Margin are evaluated on the basis of a complex geological analysis. The geodynamic evolution of the region during Triassic was dominated by failed rifting phases, followed by Early Cimmerian orogeny. These events have predestined tectonic processes and sedimentation settings, leading to deposition of source rocks, reservoirs, permeable migration pathways and seals. The initial extensional stages and then compression at the end...

The southern edge of Eastern Pontids is covered by rock units belonging to two distinct continental crusts that reunited through a Late Upper Cretaceous-Eocene suture zone. In the north of the Suture zone (Olur), Paleozoic aged acid magmatits (Permo- Carboniferous) constitute the continental crust basement. On this basement, there is uninterrupted marine sediment which has disconformably developed between Upper- Lias Late Cretaceous. These sediments have deposited under the conditions of Lias- Lower Malm basic vol...

The geology and the mineralogy of the clay beds (Doganhisar clays) located southeast of Doganhisar (central Anatolia, Turkey) were studied. Rock units found in and adjacent to the Doganhisar clay beds include metamorphic rocks of pre-Triassic age of the Sultandaglari Massif, the Miocene Ayaslar Formation and the Pliocene Doganhisar Formation as well as alluvium The Lower (?)-Middle Cambrian-Lower Ordovician Caltepe Formation forming the base of the metamorphic rocks is composed of recrystallized limestone and dolo...

The contemporary construction on the territory of Sofia requires more and more responsible execution of the geological researches. The drilling of deep construction pits, as well as the construction of high-rise buildings (with more than 100 m height), are connected with serious problems, especially in the anti earthquake security insurance. One of the important questions which were raised in the construction of Metrostation 7 in the Sofia’s centre, as well as in the designing of Europa Center, having 180 m office...

As it is well-known, accreditation is a short of leadership and quality assurance in applied Science, computing, engineering, and technology education. In most countries in the world, the function of accreditation for educational institutions is conducted by a government ministry of education. One of the most important outcomes of economic globalization is the abolition of national boundaries in the fields of goods and services trade as well as production factors, namely capital and especially high-skilled labor. ...

In this study, leaching of Ni and Fe in suphuric acid medium with K2Cr2O7 was investigated. The samples of the lateritic nickel ore were taken from Karacam (Eskisehir) region of Turkey. Mineralogical investigations showed that the ore sample contains, goethite, hematite, wustite, retgersite, gaspeite and clay type minerals together with quartz. The shrinking core model was applied to the results of experiments investigating the effects of leaching temperature range of 50–96 ◦C. Two equations were applied from obta...

Two major series of crosscutting dikes (Dk1a and Dk1b) are common in Sungun porphyry deposit. Those are varying compositionally from quartz monzo-diorite to granodiorite. About thirty percent of the sungun stock is filled by Dk1a and Dk1b dikes. Presence of dikes will cause lots of errors in copper content estimation, so determination of dikes is very important. Ten percent of dikes volume could be identified through drawing strings and correlation between boreholes. For estimating and determining the other part o...

Today Environmental management is an essential element of successful firm management. In this paper is an environmental management concept in “Mini Mariza Iztok”EAD presented. The benefits of the environmental management system include an increased focus on the most imminent ecological risks, improving team participation and prevention.

Continually and impressive amplification of internet technologies development and implementation enables the creation of productive, efficient, rich useful and interactive web applications. The contribution briefly characterizes a SOA (Service Oriented Architecture), WS (Web Service) and AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript And XML). The paper illustrates advantages of AJAX and WS integration on application example for interactive selection of one or more minerals according to actual chosen selection criteria. The applic...

Rocks deep below the surface store heat and for every 100 m in depth the temperature increases by approximately 3oC. When the mines were closed, the mine galleries flooded. The heat of the rocks warms water, which is used as input to heat pumps for heating and cooling of buildings. The Remining-Lowex Project aims to demonstrate the use of water in abandoned coalmines as a source of renewable energy and to prove its economic viability. This new approach for utilization of sustainable energy from worked out coalmine...

This study has for purpose to highlight and eliminate one from problems that influence negativity for the present and future of our environment. Today the environment is a big problem no only in Albania, but everywhere in world. It is very important to save our environment, because one clean environment will say healthy people, secure future.

Robotics is expanding into a number of new application domains and it offers new opportunities to study human-robot augmentation (human-bionic system), advanced autonomy and user interfaces, and in addition the integration of communities of “simple” robots opens new opportunities in terms of task achievement and flexibility. The EURON network has been successful in the coordination of (relatively) diverse national programs. With the introduction of a European program focused on robotics (the “Beyond Robotics” prog...

This study examined the decolorization of one of the most commonly used reactive dye by using the Fenton-like process [Iron pyrite/ H2O2]. Raw iron pyrite ore contains 28,68 \% Fe. Oxidation experiments were run in 500 mL-glass beakers that were continuously stirred for up to 180 min at a constant rate of 200 rpm, after initiation of the Fenton process. A series of experiments were carried out at various concentration of hydrogen peroxide and raw iron pyrite ore while the pH value was kept constant at 3 in order t...

Acid Mine Drainage (AMD), resulted from the oxidation of sulphide-bearing rocks, is one of the most significant environmental challenges facing the mining industry worldwide. AMD impacts stream and river ecosystems by increasing acidity, depleting oxygen, and releasing heavy metals. They may occur during mining operations or long after a mine has been abandoned. Smoln\'\ik is an abandoned mine in the east of Slovakia that contribute AMD to rivers and streams. AMD from the Smoln\'\ik mine (shaft Pech), influences n...

Since long term production scheduling deals with movement of ore and waste during the life of a mine, it has a significant effect on the cash flow of a mining operation. Therefore, mine planners often seek to optimize the production schedule with respect to a given criterion. The most commonly used criterion in long term scheduling optimization is to maximize net present value (NPV). The process involves sequencing of ore blocks or parcels to be mined in each period over the life of the mine subject to precedence ...

Slope failure occurring at projected slope operations at open pit mines can lead the workers safety to dangerous positions. In some cases the rock disturbances which may be thought about that, they lead slope failures around the open pit mine operation develop physiological problems among the mine workers. The main aim of this work to determine if the conditions of critical slopes in open pit mines can be monitored through the electrical resistivity methods. The depths of sliding at selected slope were analyzed by...

The truck and shovel transportation system is the most important part of the open pit mining operation because a considerable amount of the total mining costs is related to it. Reducing the transportation cost has a great impact on reduction of the total cost. One method to reduce the cost per ton in transportation systems is the optimization of the truck–shovel assignment. In this paper, software has been developed for optimal assignment of N trucks to M shovels with different grades of the minerals, based on max...

In this study leachate from solid waste landfill in Konya Municipal area was used. Landfill occupies 24 ha area with an average height of 8 m in the total area of 350 ha at the present time. The amount of solid waste generated is about 800-850 tons/day in summer and 950-1,000 tons/day in winter months yielding the average leachate flow rates of about 100 m3/day. The main characteristics of the leachate are chemical oxygen demand in the range of 7,500-55,000 mg/L, biological oxygen demand after 5 days of 4,000-36,5...

The Earth’s weather and climate are the result of the redistribution of heat. The major source of heat to the surface of the Earth is the sun, principally through incoming visible radiation most of which is absorbed by the Earth’s surface. The ocean redistributes this radiation and the atmosphere with the excess radiated back into space as longer wavelength, infrared radiation. Clouds and other gases, primarily water vapour and carbon dioxide, absorb the infrared radiation emitted by the Earth’s surface and remit ...

Highly accurate digital terrain model (DTM) is nowadays considered to be a top-level tool for modeling processes on earth surface. Particularly important is its application in the regions endangered by natural disasters – especially floods. Occurrence of extreme flowage – floods in the past few years has not only intensified, but began to interfere in to regions, that up till now didn´t experienced floods. Each year brings greater damage on properties and infrastructure. Potential size of inundated area, progress ...

Mainly high-K, calc-alkaline, Late Miocene to Pliocene volcanic rocks cropped out of Konya area in Central Anatolia, Turkey. The volcanic rocks are predominantly andesitic to dacitic in composition and rarely basalt, basaltic andesite, basaltic trachyandesite and pyroclastics. Mineralogic compositions, major, trace and REE element composition of the investigated rock samples was analyzed. Kaolinite, illite, Ca-montmorillonite, alunite, jarosite, minamiite and silica polymorphs were formed by widespread and intense...

This study discusses the results of geotechnical investigation carried out on Doğanhisar clays in Central Anatolia, Turkey, originated from the weathering of metamorphic basement rocks. The clays of this location constitute an interesting area for researchers due to their geology, thickness, and very high overconsolidation values. In the area, clay deposits are unusually thick, varying from 10 m to 60 m in thickness. For this study, geotechnical investigations were carried out with laboratory tests on disturbed an...

With the 100 M tons of coal produced per year Poland is the biggest European producer of hard coal. Around 85\% of the produced coal is used for direct energy production, almost whole rest is used for indirect energy production (though processes of coal coking). The side effect of coal production is large quantity of waste. Majority of them is recycled during production process but still large fraction is usually dumped. The large quantities of valuable materials are stored in mining dumps. In recent years reclama...

Using a panel dataset, containing information from Romanian industrial sector, this paper analyse the determinants of the pollution abatement expenditure, in the context of transition economy. We consider information related to the pollution abatement expenditure at plant level, plant – specific characteristics, state and local regulatory stringency, market incentives and community characteristics. Our results stress that the population’s potential for collective action in the environmental area is not significant...

Renewable energy sources (RES) at the Slovak Republic have only 1,6 \% part in general of power consumption. The development of RES utilization in definitely within the priorities and will positively become evident in political economy of Slovak Republic in several spheres: 1. Level increasing of a home energy sources value 2. Decreasing depends on external energy supplies, which currently cover approx.90\% of the total consumption of the primary energy sources. 3. Improvement of foreign market balance (because th...

The opportunities for integration of synchrotron radiation (SR) techniques in the Earth and Environmental sciences research together with Remote Access Services (RAS) and integrated Grid-based data processing tools are described. The successful implementation of the SR methods with Grid technology will provide new opportunities to the global science community. The possibility to perform precise measurements at different synchrotron beamlines through grid-embedded remote access instrumentation protocols based on hi...

In recent years, all over the world and in Turkey, as aresult of, increasing population, industrial and urban developpment and reasing life standarts, the fosil fuels have dramatically been used up and caused environmental pollution. Since it has been recognized that energy sources such as petroleum and coal are non renewable energy sources and they are limited, researches have been concentrated on the biomass energy, wind energy, solar energy and hydro-energy which are renewable and obtained easily in all world. ...

It is generally agreed that education in environmental pollution and protection of the environment should begin at the primary school level. It can even be argued that teaching about the environment at the primary school level is a national duty. In recent years Turkey is paying greater attention to the threats of global warming and environmental pollution as part of their adaptation process to EU laws and regulations. In this study we tried to determine the cognitive and affective levels of primary education stud...

Tourism is a distinctive labor intensive sector with human as its basic production component since it aims to sell and offer service. As human is the core focus of this sector and service is provided through human beings, training of the people who will be working in the tourism industry becomes vital. Especially the value addition to economy and provision of cultural tolerance enhances the importance of tourism sector not only for developing countries such as Turkey but also for European Union and for the rest of...

The purpose of this article is to present methods and software tools to ensure an optimal decision process for controlling the greenhouse climate. The efficiency of plant production in greenhouses depends significantly on the adjustment of optimal climate growth conditions to achieve high yield at low expense, good quality and low environmental load. To achieve these goals several components (temperature, air humidity and CO2 concentration) must be controlled optimally given certain criteria through heating, venti...

The process of truck shovel assignment for optimization of the transport systems in open pit mining is performed using software models and algorithms. With the aid of the software and hardware mechanisms, great steps can be taken in intelligent assignment and control of truck shovel systems. In this paper, open pit mining transport system has been modeled based on TSP modeling. Using genetic algorithms, the optimized travelling path for trucks has been obtained. The software has the capability of compound modeling...

GPS RTK method has never achieved millimetre vertical accuracy. For the most common geodetic tasks such as surveying, staking out and monitoring, GPS RTK method in many cases has been limited by its measuring accuracy. Before the appearance of the new Topcon Lazer ZoneTM technology, we were able to achieve centimetre vertical accuracy (from 1 to 3 centimetre) using GPS RTK systems. Combining Topcon Lazer ZoneTM technology and Topcon GPS RTK HiPer Pro system accuracy of height determination can be increased to a mi...

Our investigation regard the distribution of pollutant in the soils degraded by mine activity in the circuit soil-macromycetes. Pollutants categories have been evidenced using FT-IR spectroscopy. Our results underline the macromycetes species extremely flexible capacity to accumulate pollutants of various categories. The distribution of the pollutants in the soil varies from one region to another and depends on the prelevation depth.

The electronic test utilization brings into the valuation process an objectifying element (the same conditions for all tested, the criterions specified forwardly). The main teacher’s aim in this process is effectively and fairly to evaluate students’ work (preparation). This fact underlies an approach to test’s questions formulation and creation. An important assumption of successful usage of electronic knowledge test (EKT) application is its orientation to user. For the purposes of EKT quality valuation there wer...

The legislative framework for the environmental protection in Romania, as a European Union member state, has carried a new approach in the management of the perimeters affected by the industrial activities. At the national level, efforts are made to implement a number of projects (e.g. ISPA [The Instrument for Structural Policies for Preaccession] – Environment) that would lead to a better administration of waste materials associated with these activities (e.g. recycling in the economic circuit or the easy reinteg...