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Hydrometric propeller methods, is device that responds and measuring the velocity of the water current at the point where its sensor axis is located. Mechanical hydrometric propellers are widely used in our country, in which the current causes rotation of a screw vane with an angular velocity proportional to the velocity of the current, in this method the depth of the river profile must be taken into account in order to comply with the measurement condition in 1, 2, or 3 points namely 0.2h, 0.6h and 0.8h, h-depth ...

This article presents a numerical study of the effects of changing the geometry of the turbine impeller blades on the efficiency and intensity of homogenization in a bioreactor. The mixing of liquid media is an important stage of technological processes in various industries. Modern Impellers are equipped with homogenizing devices for introducing energy into the liquid, they include hydraulic, pneumatic and mechanical devices or their combinations. Rational selection of the mixing device at the design stage is imp...

This paper extensively explores the technology of Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) hydrogen fuel cells, delving into its theoretical foundations, operational intricacies, and its specific application in the HYDRIVE 1 bolide. The PEM fuel cell plays a crucial role in the vehicle's power ecosystem by converting hydrogen and oxygen into electricity, which is then utilized to energize the electrical system, telemetry, and engine. The drive system's specifications are meticulously presented, encompassing considerations o...

Environmental water chemistry is substantially aided by modern electrochemical research. Sensitive voltammetric techniques are much more useful for metal species in natural waters, where complexation with organic molecules predominates. Many environmental electrochemists are still interested in determining the stability constants of metal ion complexes with various ionic species found in natural waterways. The aim of this work is to investigate the possible influence of complexation of amine and carboxyl groups of...

The actual climate crisis is forcing the development of new energy sources that mitigate the negative effects of the climate change. Because of that, the use of fossil fuels is expected to be significantly reduced in the coming decades. In this scenario, the production of renewable fuels that reduce the greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) is one of the main world challenges. The present study focuses on synthetic gas production using carbon dioxide from the cement industry, and green hydrogen, simulating the process us...

Maritime transport plays a crucial role in the global economy, ensuring the transport of around 80% of world trade. However, shipping is responsible for a significant portion of greenhouse gas emissions, accounting for approximately 2.5% of total global emissions. In this context, the efficiency of fuel consumption in ships using the renewable energy sources can bring significant benefits for the environment and contributes to the achievement of the objectives of reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The opportunity ...

Brown Coal Research Institute j. v. c. (VUHU) from July 2023, together with scientific teams from several European countries, participates as part of the EU research program in the solution of the REECOL project, which deals with the reclamation of areas affected by mining in European coal basins. One of the important tasks of the first phase of the project solution is to find suitable case study areas in each country of the project solution. The selection of these areas in the Most Basin (CZ) is the subject of th...

The paper presents the results of research undertaken in 2023, in the perimeter of the Stationary for the Study of Soil Erosion located on the left side of the Slanic Hydrographic Basin in Buzau county, with a slope of 15-20 %. Within the station are located 12 plots for the control of soil surface erosion cultivated differently. The amount of soil washed away by torrential rains during the growing season was different depending on the degree of soil cover given by agricultural crops [11] . From the plot cultivate...

This research aims to conduct a descriptive statistical analysis to identify the statistical correlation between categories of new and second-hand vehicles registered for circulation in Romania and various health conditions associated with atmospheric pollution. Currently, a significant challenge for the global community lies in mitigating the impact of atmospheric pollution, considered a crucial factor both in terms of global climate change and its impact on public health. One major source of atmospheric pollutio...

Orphaned or abandoned sulphide tailing disposal sites pose significant environmental hazards, including eolian dispersion, water erosion, acid mine drainage, and heavy metal mobility. Phytostabilization, an eco-friendly strategy, entails the use of alkaline amendments alongside non-native plant species capable of thriving in environments with high concentrations of heavy metals. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to assess the effect of a commercial cement which contained 46.3% sand, applied alone or combined w...

Radiation technologies using ionising radiation and radionuclides are now widely used in all areas of human activity. These include applications in medicine, industry, nuclear energy, and science. Exposure to ionising radiation therefore affects radiation workers employed at these sites, a large group of people who are in the vicinity of the sites in the course of their work, and people who live and work in the vicinity of the sites. However, the positive properties of ionising radiation and radionuclides that we ...

Plants are sources of compounds with medicinal potential, an impressive number of medicines have in their composition compounds isolated from natural sources, many of them being used since ancient times, in traditional medicine. Aromatic and medicinal plants are sources of various nutrients and non-nutritive molecules, many of which exhibit antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. V. album extracts have a complex chemical composition, some of the identified compounds being responsable for their antibacterial and ...

Chile is one of the largest copper producers in the world, which implies a significant generation of waste, particularly copper slag (CS). On the other hand, the high demand for concrete mixes generates a high consumption of natural aggregates as sand. However, specialized literature indicates that the fine aggregate can be partially replaced by CS keeping (or improving) the concrete properties. Then, this paper presents a sustainability analysis of the partial replacement of fine aggregate of concrete by CS. The ...

Durian disease-causing organisms such as fungi can infect durian trees at any stage of development. Chemical fungicides are widely used because they are convenient and simple to use. However, it impacts the health of producers, consumers, and the environment. As a result, recommendations have been developed and established for researching zinc oxide nanoparticles (Zn-ONPs) that can inhibit fungal growth as an alternative for preventing and eliminating such fungi. The purpose of this study is to collect and isolate...

The roughness of a ship-s hull can have a significant impact on the environment, primarily through its effect on the ship-s fuel consumption and, consequently, carbon emissions. The resistance a ship encounters as it moves through the water can be broadly categorized into two main types: frictional resistance and wave-making resistance. Hull roughness increases frictional resistance, also known as skin friction resistance. This resistence component is a major aspect of the total resistance of a merchant ship, lead...

This research aims to conduct a detailed analysis of the necessity for generating electrical energy using conventional methods, simultaneously assessing the impact on water quality. Wastewater, originating from fluids used in industrial processes or households, contains various impurities and is discharged into the natural aquatic environment (such as rivers, lakes, or the Black Sea) or onto various lands, either with or without prior treatment. The production and utilization of primary energy raw materials, such ...

The purpose of this work is to explore the potential for predicting and improving the fuel efficiency of vehicles with thermal engines, especially in the context of reducing exhaust gas emissions that contribute to environmental pollution. With rising fuel costs, consumers need to make informed decisions about the fuel consumption and environmental impact of purchasing vehicles with internal combustion engines. To achieve this goal, the researchers utilized artificial intelligence and created a model using neural ...

Surface water resources are already being utilized at maximum capacity and the trend is unlikely to change. This situation has led to increasing concerns regarding the sustainable use of this resource, with continuous efforts being made to reduce water pollution. In this context, the analysis of surface water quality is essential for protecting human health, the environment and the economy, providing significant opportunities for improving the quality of life and conserving natural resources. This paper presents t...

The aim of the research is to find out how the forest ground vegetation changes in forest pasture where wild horses are allowed to graze, and what impact their grazing in the forest have on the vegetation and how the situation changes in a forest stand where animals are allowed to graze and, in a forest, stand of the same type without grazing. So far forest pastures practically have not been studied, but forest management using animals especially in private forestry is becoming more and more relevant. Almost no si...

In recent years, the use of trail paths for recreation and tourism has seen remarkable growth in many countries. Trail paths have several benefits for the local community, people's physical and mental health, and for offsetting degraded grassland ecosystems. The objective of the study was to assess the effect of trail paths on grassland ecosystems in the Prefecture of Xanthi in northern Greece. The SWOT-AHP hybrid method was used. The criteria of the SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) method ...

The Black Sea hydrological regime is impacted by external factors, which exerts effect on the sea surface in the process of interaction with the atmosphere and those confined to the lateral borders. The most pronounced features of the Black Sea thermohaline structure are large vertical contrasts in salinity (5 psu), temperature (20-C) and density (7 kg m-3); well-defined vertical asymmetry; existence of a cold intermediate layer during the warm half of the year with an absolute vertical temperature minimum, below ...

Nowadays The storage of pig slurry has been an unsolved problem for a long time in Hungary, therefore the appropriate processing technology is a very important question in order we can produce from the pig fattening and slaughtering by-products the best possible quality of final product. The determined goals of the product development can be achieved in two ways. The first possible method for it preserving the nutrients in the slurry and the another way adding fertilizers or other valuable materials, that improve ...

The study deals with estimation of theoretical wave power resources and their spatial variability in transitional waters along the Bulgarian Black Sea coast. It is based on wave climate data obtained by means of hindcast of wave conditions during 2013-2022. Numerical simulations were performed using the third-generation spectral wave model SWAN and the theoretical wave power was computed using the spectral output in terms of energy transport per unit of the wave crest length. Estimates for wave power means and max...

The research is aimed at identifying the conditions for the formation of the ecological agriculture concept aimed at creating a sustainable, environmentally friendly and efficient agricultural production system. The main idea is to use natural processes and resources to ensure a harvest while maintaining the environmental balance. Ecological farming can be an important step towards sustainable agriculture and environmental sustainability, but it requires a balance between positive and challenging aspects, as well ...

Different forms and combinations of degradation attacks cause the damage of concrete and reinforced concrete structures. Among the most usual belong ingress of chlorides and carbonation that influence the quality of the concrete and also affect its ability to protect reinforcement. The resistance of concrete against the mentioned attacks is given also by other surrounding conditions, like temperature, mechanical load, etc. In this paper, experimental findings are presented focused on the investigation of the effec...

Despite other sectors, agriculture faces the direct influences of the environment and climate. Today climate change represents a challenge for farmers around the world, not only for Romanian ones. The paper deals with this problem and agriculture resilience. It brings to attention the important issue of resilience and the challenges for agriculture and for farmers, especially for small farmers. The research is based on questionnaires applied to farmers focusing on their perception of risks, adaptation options and ...

Food supplements with strong antioxidant potential are increasingly being used by consumers to maintain good health [1], [5], [6], [8], [9], [10], [11], [15]. The best food supplements use natural and organic raw materials and -Mild Food Processing- operations. This work paper presents a management technique for food additives (used, in this case, in the testing and selection of used sweeteners) in the design of a black tea-based food supplement. The raw material used was tested by A.A.S. (Atomic Absorption Spectr...

In recent decades, the interest of researchers has focused on the development of methods for obtaining alternative energy sources. Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is one of the methods for obtaining a wide range of hydrocarbons and their derivatives. Ru, Ni, Fe and Co are the widely used catalytically active metals in FTS. To increase the activity of the catalyst, as well as increase the yield of target products, promoters are introduced into catalytic systems. In FTS, oxides of alkaline and rare earth metals, oxides of...

Microbial immobilization is a promising strategy for various applications, including environmental remediation and bioprocess engineering. However, the efficacy of immobilization largely depends on the characteristics of the carriers. Biomass wastes are renewable and abundant resources that can be subjected to hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) for hydrochar production, a resulting carbonaceous material with a porous structure. This porous architecture offers extensive surface area and facilitates the colonization a...

The scale of annual reproduction of cellulose-containing biomass in nature allows us to draw an unambiguous conclusion that cellulose is the only source of raw materials for the chemical and fuel industries, representing a real alternative to fossil resources and, first of all, oil. Cellulose is the main component of plant biomass. According to some estimates, almost half of the organic carbon in the biosphere is contained in cellulose. Hydrolytic hydrogenation is a special case of carbohydrate hydrogenation. With...

A comparative assessment of the chemical composition of amaranth green mass cultivated in 2022 and 2023 was carried out. It was revealed that the content of nitrates, tannins and phytates in the 2023 harvest exceeded these indicators compared to the 2022 harvest by 3.3, 1.4 and 4 times, respectively. The amount of oxalic acid was 16 times lower, and that of tannins did not exceed the maximum permissible concentration of 0.5%. At the same time, the content of proteins and fats decreased by 12.6 and 31.6%, respectiv...

New methods for assessing soil cover heterogeneity, based on the analysis of extensive satellite data using neural network filtering technologies, were implemented to evaluate the territory of northern Kazakhstan. A comparative analysis of the quality of soil cover structure (SCS) determination, using remote sensing data, was conducted using two different methods. The first method is indirect and involves determining the SCS by analyzing and aggregating multitemporal vegetation indices (MVI). The second method is ...

Plastic waste pollution represents extensive threats to ecosystems and human health. A lot of plastic waste enters the ocean or ends on landfills, where it threatens the ecosystem. Therefore, it is crucial to find methods for its effective disposal or reuse. A significant amount of plastic can be found in personal protective equipment used to protect against viral infections and transmission, for example during the COVID-19 pandemic. This article focuses on the utilization of plastic waste by mixing it with beech ...

Human activities have significantly impacted aquatic ecosystems worldwide, especially in developing countries. Acid mine drainage from mineral extraction and wastewater containing xenobiotics pose substantial threats for lakes and marine ecosystems, introducing heavy metals and increasing antibiotic resistance in pathogenic microbes. Despite the urgent need for effective solutions, many environmental liabilities remain without an adequate mapping unmapped or remediation plan, exacerbating risks for environmental h...

This thesis studies the impact of the addition of two types of enzymes: Rohapect PTE-100 and Pectinase to 6 varieties of apple, grown in the Valea Dambovi?ei area in order to improve the quality of apple juice. The 6 apple varieties used are: Sirus, Florina, Red Topaz, Golden, Starkrimson and Rozela. Thanks to the new varieties planted, and the use of modern technology, the production of apples has increased, and the apples are used fresh or processed in the form of natural juice as such or mixed with other fruits...

The paper outlines the process of data collection and processing undertaken to develop a digital twin of the central region of Bratislava city, focused on evaluating its capacity for generating solar and wind energy on an urban scale. Data sources included airborne laser scanning, provided as 3D point clouds, older existing polygonal 3D models, and other available map documents, which were processed to generate a comprehensive polygonal model with semantic information across different layers as buildings, vegetati...

This paper outlines the methodology of a technical due diligence preparation for the reconsolidation process of an abandoned building. The structure highlighted in this paper is an existing but incomplete building that has been abandoned for more than over a decade. For this study a technical due diligence was performed to assess the current condition of the asset presented on the next chapters of this paper. A technical due diligence represent the research and analysis discovery process which helps to collect ess...

The high risk of natural disasters to which Ilha de Mocambique (IM) and its Buffer Zone (BZ) are naturally exposed and the demographic explosion it has suffered increased the loss of ecological wealth, biodiversity and the mischaracterization of the cultural identity it holds. Thus, there are required urgent measures for its values safeguard, preservation and valorization. The primary objective of this proposal is to improve the sustainability of IM and BZ enhancing its development trough landscape and urban plann...

The article describes the design process for a low-cost aerial delivery system (LCADS) that is a one-time use, disposable, airdrop system consisting of cargo parachute and container. The parachute systems is developed for military resupply missions and for humanitarian relief efforts in areas where ground supply and/or recovery of airdrop equipment is difficult or not feasible. LCADS consists primarily of three types of cargo parachutes capable of supporting and delivering in a wide range of weights, from 70kg up ...

Hydraulic conductivity (KS) is a critical parameter used in soil and land research, essential for accurate hydrological modelling. This study endeavours to compare assessments of KS across designated sites near the Czech Republic - Poland border using a range of measurement techniques, with the aim of establishing their reliability and variability for modelling applications. The investigation spans the determination of permeability from grain size curves, KS estimation via field infiltration tests employing the do...

A classical approach to the assessment of the available water resources for different users, including environmental, in Europe is the Catchment Abstraction Management Strategy (CAMS). An assessment has to be made of the extent, to which natural runoff regime could be changed without affecting the sustainable functioning of the environment. The aim of the Restoring Sustainable Abstraction (RSA) is to identify over-abstraction in rivers and wetland sites and make the abstraction sustainable again. In this regard, t...

Water pollution from untreated wastewater discharge is a major public health concern in the ancient city of Bukhara, Uzbekistan. The city lacks adequate wastewater treatment facilities, leading to the release of contaminated water into the environment. This has resulted in the deterioration of water quality in local water bodies, posing serious risks to human health. One of the primary sources of pollution is the discharge of domestic and industrial wastewater into the Shavkat aria canal, which flows through the c...

Green tea-based food supplements are very attractive to a large group of consumers and make an important contribution to maintaining good health. In order to preserve the nutritional value of supplements of this type, pesticide and plant growth hormones-free green tea is used as raw material. Choosing the best sweeteners in this case is an important part of scientific research, especially for consumers with certain digestive conditions. The aim of this paper is to successfully identify the best way to sweeten gree...

The soils from the central part of Sredna Gora Mountain in Bulgaria were studied aiming to establish the occurrence of contemporal soil forming processes occured in the forest ecosystem. Soils were analyzed to determine the carbon content, the soil organic matter composition and the total soil acidity. The precise soil classification based on the detail morphological diagnostic was carried out. The ecological conditions in forest ecosystem determine the mode of humic substances in the studies soils. Soils are char...

The paper presents the procedures of introducing the unsteady state numerical analysis domain for simulating the mechanical behavior of glue laminated timber (glulam) elements when subjected to high temperatures. For any analysis applied to characterize the fire resistance of wood, glue laminated timber implicitly, the unsteady state numerical analysis domain must be applied, considering the heat propagation, humidity percentage loss and the overall change of the mechanical characteristics of the components throug...

In 2023, 18.3 GW of new wind energy conversion capacity was installed in Europe; most of them (79%) represent onshore capacities. Most of this energy production is achieved with horizontal axis wind turbines. For this type of turbine, the location of the transmission coupled with an electric generator or a hydraulic group, in the turbine platform, leads to a significant increase in the mass of the platform, and implicitly in the mass of the pillar that supports the turbine. In addition, turbine maintenance becomes...

The aim of this report is to assess the extent of valorization of the landscape in relation to the increase of energy efficiency and in the context of the construction of green buildings and the development of modern green architecture, which is responsible for the implementation of sustainable policies implemented in the field of environmental protection and the fight against climate change. This paper will review current trends in the development of green architectural design and the interrelationship with the a...

A series of platinum catalytic systems stabilized in aromatic polymers were obtained in this work. Commercially available styrene-divinylbenzene (MN100) and polymers synthesized by one-stage crosslinking by the Friedel-Crafts reaction from benzene, naphthalene, and an equimolar benzene-naphthalene mixture were used as polymers. The obtained systems were tested in liquid-phase hydrogenation reactions of benzene, toluene, and benzene-toluene mixture, as well as anthracene in a dodecane medium. The reaction products ...

Today about 10% of Latvia's territory is occupied by peatlands (645,100 ha), but the extraction of peat happens in only 4% (25,739 ha) of the total. In regulatory documents peat bogs are mentioned as having a very high probability of flammability (in the context of climate change and other natural elements: drought, heat, lightning and deliberate or unintentional human activity). This indicates the need to improve fire safety by conducting research and improving regulatory frameworks. The aim of the study was to a...

The study aims to evaluate how droughts impact irrigated and non-irrigated vineyards by analysing the relationship between short-term drought and vegetation indices to identify areas irrigated from unofficial sources. The re-search area includes vineyards in Telavi municipality (eastern Georgia). RStudio was used to calculate SPI and SPEI (1- month and 3-month timescales) and EDI (daily) to measure the severity of the meteorological drought. The 27-year (1993-2020) data from a weather station in the study area inc...