Browse

The identification of fluid contacts (gas-water contact ? GWC, oil-water contact ? OWC and gas-oil contact ? GOC) is essential for field reserve estimates and field development and, also, for detailed formation evaluation. For the accurate calculation of some petrophysical parameters, such as porosity, the reservoir interval has to be zoned by fluid type, to account for differences in fluid saturations and fluid properties (e.g., hydrogen index, density, sonic transit time) in the various intervals: gas cap, oil c...

Water elements represent a significant part of the environment of cultural heritage sites, conservation zones and areas. The environment quality of such water elements is threatened by many impacts, including water pollution, nutrients etc. The article presents results of the phosphorus contamination of selected typical water elements and its systems and the course of the water trophic potential during the year 2017 of the mentioned water elements. Generally, the research tried to answer the question, if it is pos...

The existence of the traditional human resources department within the organization has always been of interest to organizations as a whole, especially for the agribusiness sector, as this sector faces difficult working conditions. They offer products that cover the basic needs of the population by having an important social role, so it would be interesting to analyze human resource patterns and show us how much was their integrity and application is today. Therefore, by analyzing the application of each model in ...

The paper presents research results from combusting high-energy solid rocket fuels (propellants) in laboratory rocket motor (LRM). The process of combusting high-energy fuel is characterized by fast chemical reaction, which causes creating a gaseous product with high pressure, which is able to produce a secondary system of fractures in the coal. The value of pressure from combusting propellants can be controlled in a laboratory rocket motor by an appropriate selection of mass of the fuel and the diameter of the no...

An optimal soil density has become an object of more extensive research at the end of the 50's, and the increase of research took place in the recent decade. Authors of these works assumed that traditional cultivation causes too great scarification of soil. Therefore, they performed experiments the aim of which was determination of the impact of soil kneading on plant yields. In the majority of experiments, by means of suitable soil compaction directly after sowing, a significant yield increase was observed, amoun...

Growing problems of environmental protection related to the increasing soil degradation and increasing effects of climatic changes require searching for new, more efficient, and cheaper solutions that maintain relevant parameters of soil. One of the suggested solutions of present problems in the area of environmental protection is biochar, namely carbonate obtained from the plant biomass and organic waste pyrolysis. The use of biochar in environmental protection brings advantages, inter alia, such as a possibility...

Dust which comes from the flue gas purification in the process of thermal transformation of municipal wastes is classified as dangerous wastes. Their management poses a big problem. As a method of safe management, the dust may be used for the production of concrete as a partial replacement for the cement. By applying immobilization it is possible to reduce dangerous compounds and the material obtained becomes safe for the natural environment. Such a form of the dust application corresponds to modern waste manageme...

Best Available Techniques (BAT) have been used as the instrument of the industrial emissions minimisation and environmental modernisation of industry since the 90s. Researchers and practitioners believe that the most advanced methods of the BAT assessment have been developed and implemented under the European Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) and Industrial Emissions Directives. BATs in the European Union are defined and revised through an official framework: the Sevilla Process. It sets a step-by...

The present paper mainly considers payments for Negative Environmental Impact as an instrument of economic mechanism of stimulating rational nature management and ensuring ecological and economic security. The authors suggest ways of improving the economic mechanism to stimulate environmental management, in particular, the directions of enhancing the incentive function of payments for Negative Environmental Impact (NEI) for the purposes of sustainable development. The authors have developed the system of fines pur...

The relevance of the results. Significant natural resource potential of Russia requires its prudent use. At present, environmental management programmes have been adopted and are being implemented in most countries of the world. In the European Union (EU), environmental production per unit of GDP has increased by more than 50% in the last decade, and the world Bank estimates that six trillion euros should be invested in clean technologies in developing countries in the next decade. Russia has a system of measures ...

This paper discusses the method of increasing the recovery rate when developing deposits of terrigenous sediments at a late stage by involving inactive wells into the field development using sidetracks covering undrained areas. In order to estimate the predicted flow rates of wells with horizontal sidetracks, calculations were carried out for seven wells using four analytical methods for wells which are in the pressure observation well stock, suspended well stock, inactive due to the reaching limit by water cut an...

Cyanobacteria are the main components of the phytoplankton in many freshwater and marine ecosystems. So far, about 150 genera and over 2000 species have been described. Although they are one of the most ancient groups of organisms, their taxonomic classification is problematic even today, due to the lack of clear diacritic morphological features between the closely related species, the high variability of the morphological features used for taxonomical purposes depending on the environmental conditions and the occ...

Development of the mining industry has influenced the formation of the landscape throughout the history of mankind. In some cases, it can have disastrous consequences at both local and regional levels. Such situation arose in the south of the Western Siberia in the 18th - early 20th century. The research group focused on the manufacturing complex of Kolyvano-Voskresensky (until 1834, and Altaisky after that) mountain district which became not only the main supplier of fine silver for the Russian Empire, but also a...

The world around us is constantly changing, which implies a good organization of all existing resources, especially labor resources. At times, there is a demand for goods or services that require a very high workforce. In other situations, all this is reduced and other economic processes and phenomena attract. These changes need not only be understood, but also predicted, in order not to have unpleasant events. Usually employees and employers are people, most of the time, without training in the economic field. It...

In the years 2011-2017, 21 boreholes were drilled in the area of the Grodziec syncline as a part of exploration and prospecting works related to copper ores. The borehole recognition was complemented with 2D seismic reflection survey in 2017. As a result, the geological structure of the Grodziec syncline located in the E part of the North Sudetic Synclinorium (south-western Poland) was made more detailed. It is a secondary synclinal unit formed in the alpine orogenesis as a result of block movements of the crystal...

The climatic drought indices are used for evaluation of drought conditions, but also vegetation indices derived from remote sensing images reflect the impact of drought on vegetation vigor. The aim of the study was to confirm suitability of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) as a tool for drought assessment in conditions of Slovakia. Verification of the method was done by correlation analysis between monthly NDVI and Z-index during the main growing season (from April to October) in the period from 2000 ...

Suzuki cross-coupling reaction is one of the most widely used and environmentally friendly methods of carbon-carbon bond formation for the synthesis of various chemicals including APIs, crop protection agents, and polymers. In this work, the Suzuki cross-coupling of 4-bromoanisole and phenylboronic acid was carried out as at ambient pressure (nitrogen atmosphere was used) while using EtOH/water mixture as a solvent at mild reaction conditions (60oC, NaOH) and at the absence of phase transfer agents. It was shown t...

The article provides an analysis of influence of the railroad industry on social and economic development of Russia from launching the railway communication to the present day. Rail transport in Russia is an economy branch that guarantees continuous work of all economy sectors. From the very beginning, the railroad projected influence on social and economic development of the country, territory development and planning, and national security. At present, the railroad continues playing a decisive role. Together wit...

In the present study, we estimated the influence of chicken manure derived biochar prepared at 400?C during 2 h being introduced into soil at the dose of 30 t ha-1 on the functional diversity of soil microbes. The experiment was carried out in laboratory conditions in 10L soil containers. To estimate that, substrate utilization ability of the communities were analyzed using Biolog Ecoplates® method. Biochar introduction was analyzed solo as well as with the co-influence of the following factors: granulation, addit...

The composting process, together with methane fermentation and agricultural use as a fertilizer, is one of the most popular methods of sewage sludge management. As a result of a properly carried out process, obtained compost has a very high fertilizer value, mainly due to the high nitrogen content and a wide range of macro- and microelements. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of composted sewage sludge temperature (with the addition of structural material) on CO2 emission and the dynamics of th...

By adding H2 to CH4 the combustion characteristics improve considerably. The flammability characteristics of the CH4 are most well-known, but the CH4 enriched with H2 has a completely different behaviour regarding the flammability and the explosiveness. The understanding of the flammability of such mixture in the air is crucial to allow their safe use in industry. Lower and upper flammability limits are one of the most important parameters at the time of characterizing and handle flammable gases. This study is foc...

In-situ combustion is considered as one of the most effective ways to enhance recovery of heavy crude oils and bitumens. The oxygen from injected air reacts with the heavy components of the crude oil, forming a hot zone in which the cracking and oxidation of the heavy fractions occurs. It is noted that the combustion process essentially depends on the pressure and the nature of the crude oil. The effect of the oxygen content in the gas mixture on the combustion front propagation of heavy crude oils is shown. When ...

Method of hydraulic fracturing the oil reservoir is one of widely used approaches to increase the efficiency of hydrocarbon raw materials production in petroleum industry. A great deal of theoretical researches aimed at defining the direction of hydraulic fracturing cracks were carried out. But it is lack of information of studies the spatial position and other parameters of hydraulic fracturing cracks in oil reservoirs based on results of field experiments. It is caused by lack of special tools and methods to def...

The research studied the effects of solubility, disperse features (Z-average diameter dav, and charge (?-potential) of the particles of non ferrous-metal slightly soluble compounds of different natures exemplified by hydrates, carbonates, phosphates and sulfides of cuprum(II) and nickel(II) related to efficiency of their extraction from aqueous solutions through electroflotation. The research showed that minimum solubility of the dispersed-phase? particles of cuprum(II) and nickel (II) cannot be used to predict th...

In order to analyze the activities in the field of implementation of Arctic scientific projects carried out by the organizations of the Russian Federation, Murmansk Arctic state University has created an information and analytical system (database) for Arctic research and technological works. The work of the system is based on information from official open sources. Only the projects that have a specific reference to the Arctic region in their implementation are including for analysis. The executor of the project ...

Issues of development and implementation of innovative products and technological solutions that ensure the comfort of human presence in the Arctic are one of the priorities of the Strategy of Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation, the Strategy of Spatial Development of the Russian Federation, the Strategy of Development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation and National Security for the period up to 2020. This sphere which includes agriculture, marine bioresources and aquacultu...

The ?20-20-20? program provides a 20% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions (CO2 equivalent) compared to 1990, ie a 20% reduction of the final energy consumption compared to 2005, by increasing of the energy efficiency and increasing the share of renewable sources in the total energy mix to at least 20% until 2020. Starting from this European directive, the authors propose to develop a method of assessing the wear and operating status of hydraulic pumps, rotary hydraulic motors and hydraulic cylinders, without nec...

The aim of this investigation was to design and determinate the mechanical properties of innovative, externally invisable joints that can be assembled without the use of tools. The purpose of the paper is to determine the strength, stiffness and modulus of the elasticity of T-type mortise, loose tenon +/ glass fibre reinforced plastic clamping furniture and framing joints under tension, bending and share loads LVS EN 310:2001 [1]and Eurocode 5 [2] for wooden indoor and outdoor structural connections. Thesamples ar...

In the article, we present innovative technologies for geo-ecological support while artificial coastal territories development, taking as an example the Lakhta-Center on the northern coast of the Neva Bay (St. Petersburg area). The geo-ecological stability of underwater and coastal landscapes of the coastal zone of the Neva Bay is analyzed with using side scan sonar. The environmental sensitivity of coastal ecosystems is estimated. The received data can be used on practice for the planning the construction work an...

Currently, to replenish mineral resources of Kazakhstan, the discovery of mineral deposits in areas covered by Cenozoic deposits is important. They are located quite deep. The forecast of such minerals requires the creation of a reliable scientific base and the use of innovative cosmogeological research methods. The geotectonic structure and geodynamics of the Paleozoic and Proterozoic basement of the territory of Kazakhstan is now successfully explained from the position of the conventional plume tectonics. In ac...

The objectives of the study were to develop approaches to evaluate the effectiveness of the institutional matrix of regional innovation systems from the point of view of the formation of ?key? institutions for sustainable development, identification of the structural components of the ?green? innovation system, their resources and functions. The methodological basis of the study was an interdisciplinary approach, including a comparative analysis of foreign and domestic scientific discourse on ?green? innovation, a...

The article presents a generalized vision features limitations in the use and development priorities of economic activities within the coastal zone. The progress of administrative and territorial structure reforming, the united local communities forming on the example of seaside regions of Kherson region were analyzed. It was also revealed that decentralization processes in coastal regions are slowed down. The factors influencing the implementation of the territorial system reform and possibilities of integrated c...

Borehole instability issues account for approximately 18% of the non-productive time during drilling. The data needed for the planning of optimized wellbore trajectories and mud weight windows can come from multiple sources, notably Logging-While-Drilling (LWD) and wireline measurements. In particular, in-situ tectonic stresses can be inferred from the identification and characterization of breakouts (some of the most common processes that infringe upon the stability of boreholes). Two techniques can help to disti...

In the paperwork is described a system for testing of pressurized type of protection for enclosures. In the first part of the paper was presented the explosion risk and pressurization of enclosures as type of protection. Also, in this part were underlined some requirements and advantages for this type of protection. In the second part was proposed and presented the theoretical model for measuring the protective gas concentration and also was mentioned the influence of air moisture. Consequently, were presented the...

At present, the problem of unceasing growth of electricity consumption against the background of limited natural resources is extremely acute. The task of waste disposal is also highly relevant. One approach to solving these issues may be the use of microorganisms-electrogenes in biofuel cells (BFC). Microorganisms are able to dispose of wastewater with simultaneous release of electricity in BFC. However, despite all its advantages, today BFC is overwhelmingly inferior to traditional methods of producing electrici...

Environmental issues have gained importance across national borders. Climate change mitigation is one of the major global purposes. To achieve the goal it is necessary to solve a number of issues. The key one is to reduce the amount of greenhouse gases emissions while keeping high growth rates of living standard, industry and economy. Some countries develop such technologies to decrease greenhouse gases emissions, in particular, carbon capture and storage technologies (CCS technologies). Meanwhile, the development...

Companies worldwide are facing the challenge of transitioning to green economy, which is the result of a concerted effort together with governments, agencies, organizations to reduce the environmental burden of the modern activities in all sectors: manufacturing, transportation, energy production, etc. One generally accepted method of transition represents investing in renewable energy. In order to evaluate the impact of these investments indicators, such as NOx emissions, carbon footprint, energy consumption and ...

One of the major problems in the world is the fight against environmental and water pollution, greenhouse gases, fine dust particles, the major producer, along with them, carries goods and passengers as the main responsible for all this. This requires the use of degradable materials, the deployment of energy-efficient machinery, the construction of appropriate energy-saving facilities and buildings. Additionally, the advent of electric vehicles makes it necessary to build new electrical routes on the one hand. On ...

This study examines potential organizational and economic problems that business entities may face when developing measures to improve safety when handling wastes with hazardous components. The study was conducted on the example of waste of a large machine-building enterprise. More than 80% of all industrial wastes (by mass) are moderately hazardous, slightly hazardous and practically non-hazardous waste. Less than 10% waste is extremely hazardous and highly hazardous. As part of the work, more than 40 types of wa...

The paper deals with the problems of the modern economy in terms of the system paradigm, the possible progressive development of socio-economic systems based on the law of harmony, expediency socio-humanitarian model of society. The decisive role in the country's economy is emphasized in the quality of human resources, the harmonization of which requires a high level of intellectual capital and good physical health with the reduction in the working-age population. The studies revealed the problems of efficiency an...

The importance of this study is to underline the fact that the wind energy potential in the western part of the Black Sea basin can be considered significant, while the wave energy is lower in comparison with oceans. However, in winter time when energy consumption in Bulgaria and Romania is high, the wave energy presents the highest values. The aim of this research paper is to draw a comprehensive picture regarding the wave and wind energy near Bulgaria and Romania coastlines. More precisely, six locations were st...

The article is devoted to the study of the formation of industrial clusters on the territory of the Southern Federal District (SFD) of the Russian Federation, as well as the rationale for the feasibility of this management activity, taking into account the industrial-industrial complex formed in the macroregion, represented in the sectors of the agro-industrial complex, chemistry and petrochemistry, metallurgy and engineering, food industry, etc. A statistical analysis of the main indicators of the development of ...

This work presents laboratory experiments for the development and testing of methods for the selection of the cross-linked polymer for one fractured carbonate reservoir with high salinity (about 220 g/L). For this carbonate reservoir, the applicable industrial polymers are very limited because they cannot effectively increase the viscosity under such a high salinity. Therefore, a crosslinked polymer gel was proposed for enhanced oil recovery in this reservoir. For choosing the most suitable cross-linked polymer fo...

In the oil and gas industry the problem of utilizing produced water is solved by recirculating it and using it as a basis for fluids for hydraulic fracturing and the well killing. During the oil production formation water is extracted in association with it to the surface. Its component composition depends on both the chemical nature and geological age of rocks and it is formed as a rule with a significant impact of oil and gas on water that leads to a wide variety of its chemical properties. In the process of wor...

The quality of products in regions that specialize in viticulture and horticulture depends on many environmental factors, but the importance of the concentrations of trace ele-ments in the rhizosphere is no less important than the main elements of mineral nutri-tion. Viticulture in ancient times played a different role in the economy of Tauric Cher-sonesos at the near chora (on the Herakleian Peninsula (South-West Crimea)) and at the distant chora (in North-Western (NW) Crimea). Modern climatic and soil-lithologic...

Biogas production and its use in biogas plants presents established technology with the aim of production of renewable energy and also using organic residues with different origin. The main goal of this work was to analyse potential legume and grass crops in methane production as an alternative to corn silage. Ten different crops within individual variants were chosen as a potential source of biomass for biogas production: Medicago sativa L. (two varieties), Trifolium pannonicum L., Galega orientalis L., Lolium pe...

Among the current areas of modern geochemical research is the study of pollution of aquatic ecosystems with heavy metals. Mercury is a heavy metal that is subject to mandatory monitoring. The authors systematized the scattered data. This article presents an analysis of the occurrence of high and extremely high pollution of rivers of the Russian Federation with mercury over a long-term period. Every year, monitoring services record cases of multiple exceeding the maximum permissible concentrations of this metal. It...

The upper Triassic and lower Cretaceous sediments within the Euphrates graben are one of the most important oil and gas reservoirs to the east of Syria. Based on sedimentological investigations of core materials using methods of optical and scanning electron microscopes (SEM), accompanied with EDS and XRD analyses, four major lithofacies have been detected in the upper Triassic sediments, these include; 1) Lithofacies major sandstone bodies (code: Sst-1); up to 60 m in thickness, composed of medium to coarse-grain...

Pontian and Dacian formations in the eastern area of the Dacian Basin are represented by a succession of poorly consolidated clay, sand and sandstones, formed in dulcicol, low deep environment. This is evidenced by the existence in these rocks of characteristic fossils for this type of environment. In gray clay rocks sometimes black charcoal clay enclaves are found. Some alternate layers of metric thick layers of clay, sandy clay and clayey sands with charcoal intervals of thickness from a few centimeters to almos...

Animals have always accompanied man in specific activities, but also have provided the food supply through products of the livestock and food industries. Nutritionists remind us that we need meat, milk and eggs, as main products of livestock. Nowadays, the livestock sector is modernly equipped and it is coordinated by IT programs, which is why production can be anticipated, including risks. At the same time, modernity does not exclude the specificity of the place where livestock is concerned, to which the farmer i...