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The present study focuses on the assessment of station corrections for eleven seismic stations from the national network of National Operative Telemetric System for Seismological Information (NOTSSI). Station corrections are obtained by calculating the ratio of the spectrum of the horizontal components of the signal to the spectrum of the vertical component (H / V). Records of S-waves from 20 local and regional earthquakes are analyzed. The values of A0 - site-effect and f0 - resonant frequency were obtained. Acco...

The study of seismicity in the Black Sea region is of particular interest for assessing the vulnerability of the surrounding coastal zones to strong earthquakes and their consequences. The seismicity pattern in the area is determined by the geodynamic processes along the boundaries of the Eurasian, Anatolian and Arabian tectonic plates. The paper presents an approach to assessing the seismic activity of the Black Sea and the surrounding region covering historical and recent seismicity. The historical events since ...

Changes in market demand inevitably lead to changes in the assortment policy of oil companies. It is necessary to change the production capacity at the enterprise and the sales policy, demand profitable types of products that will be in demand among consumers. The competitive strategy of oil refining companies is currently largely determined by the drop in total global demand for dark oil products and the high rates of development of petrochemicals. The focus of the paper is on analysis and development of assortme...

The main cause of Albanian seismicity is the collision of Adria microplate with the Albanian orogeny. Albanian territory is characterized with high level of seismic hazard in the Europe. It is very important to emphasized seismic zone of Durres that generated a strong earthquake M6.4 on 26 November 2019. During the 2020 year, seismic activity at the Albania territory and its surroundings was characterized by a normal seismic activity. Earthquakes foci are concentrated mostly along the five active fault zones: Fier...

Global trend to renewable and green energy application instead of fossil fuel results in grows of bioethanol production and its application in transport and industry. Typically, bioethanol can be used as motor fuel purely and in blends with hydrocarbons, however bioethanol fuel containing less energy compared to traditional gasoline. A possible solution to this disadvantage can be catalytic transformation of bioethanol into hydrocarbons. Bioethanol can be transformed into hydrocarbons over different zeolites inclu...

Our planet experienced many intervals of climate deterioration due to terrestrial causes, such as intensified volcanism and a very active tectonic regime or extraterrestrial causes. The later includes major meteorite impacts and change in the exosphere, mostly linked to the modification of sunlight amount leading to glaciations. The most sensitive organisms to climate changes are the marine planktonic ones, especially the coccoliths and dinoflagellates. This paper describes modification in the marine planktonic wo...

Integrated assessment of ecological status and ecological well-being of water bodies based on monitoring presupposes attributions of the aquatic ecosystems to definite gradations of trophic state and level of pollution. In really these attributions are carried out by means of multi-criteria evaluation. The evaluation uses a number of parameters. Each of them must be indispensable, and the parameters taken together must be sufficient for the precise evaluation. Of course, each of the parameters must be suitable for...

In the context of global climate change and the increasing anthropogenic impact due to the process of intensiveness of nature management in the Arctic coastal eco-socio-economic systems, there is an increase in the production of risks of natural and anthropogenic origin. The purpose of the paper is to substantiate and develop a classification system of risks of Arctic coastal nature management, sources and factors of their production as well as possible relationships between structural elements, which makes it pos...

Violation in technologies of using and storing the organic animal husbandry waste is leading to deterioration in soil sanitary state and agrocoenosis. As a result of increased biological pollution, soil self-cleaning ability is decreasing, which leads to negative changes in its biological diversity and biological activity, arrival of toxic compounds in high concentration, deterioration in vegetable cultivation products quality, state of environment and human health. In this regard, evaluation of the soil sanitary ...

Eleven stations of the Bulgarian seismological network - National Operating Telemetry System for Seismological Information have been used for an assessment of the stations' corrections (site effect), to account for the impact on the seismic waves of the low-density layer immediately below the seismic stations, amplifying the signal. Nakamura's method for calculating the ratio of the spectrum of the horizontal component to the spectrum of the vertical component (H-to-V) is applied. Data from 20 local and regional e...

The use of electrical equipment in potentially explosive atmospheres requires special attention, namely from the point of view of their construction and maintenance. Together with the technological developments, these objectives can easily be met, objectives which are defined by European standards concerning the construction, use and maintenance of explosive proof equipment. Evaluation of explosion-proof protected electrical equipment in scope of certification is extremely important considering the risk of explosi...

Although intensification of agricultural practices is traditionally viewed as one of the quickest way of achieving food independence, the increasing demand for energy and unsustainable development of agriculture are detrimental to natural habitats and decrease biological diversity. Organic farming offers a viable alternative and has the potential to facilitate the gradual expansion of environmentally friendly technologies. By carrying out the analysis of statistical data on the value of organic production obtained...

The determination and modelling of the territory is common scientific instrument for presentation of the state of the nature and human systems. The present research is based on the morphological and hydrological peculiarities in the river catchment. It observed of the Danube coastal zone in Bulgaria sector of the river. The differentiation and determination of the coastal area is key element in the process of the management of the territory and development of the regions. The general results of the research are re...

Doubtless, the application of UAV is a new iteration of remote sensing technologies applied for obtaining information about the object of investigation. An opportunity of fast data acquisition for a large area of research provides to reduce the costs and expand the scope of application. One cannot deny that this approach is actual for geophysical methods of investigation, for aeromagnetic exploration particularly [[1]]. One should note here that process of adaptation of magnetometer sensors for UAV gets a new requ...

The only one natural gas storage in Bulgaria - Underground Gas Storage Chiren requires modernization and development. A set of activities have been planned and implemented, covering research, technological and production activities. An overriding task and a top priority are to increase capacities - in volume and productivity of the storage. The aim of the research is to determine the necessary modern set of knowledge that will draw the attention of stakeholders to the possibility of modernization and increase the ...

In absence of core samples and open-hole well-log data, the broken bits of rock removed from the borehole during the drilling process represent in many cases the only lithological data that is recovered from a well. The main objective of this study was to build up a lithological profile and to use the data in order to improve the knowledge about the local geology (Quaternary deposits). Lithological information at shallow depth is generally used to better understand the local site effects, known to play an importan...

A comprehensive study of composites using traditional methods of testing mechanical properties in combination with methods of digital optical and scanning atomic force microscopy made it possible to establish stable correlations between the content of chromium diboride CrB2 additive with an average grain size WC, microstructure parameters, hardness, fracture toughness, ultimate strength at bending and compression. The optimal ratios of the components of the WC–Co-CrB2 system have been established, at which a finel...

The article considers the problem of predictive estimation of deformation processes of geotechnical control objects. It is noted that the main task of geotechnical monitoring is the rapid identification and geodynamic forecasting of geological processes that may affect the safe state of life-supporting and man-made objects, in order to timely develop and take measures to prevent and eliminate emergency situations. One of the most effective ways to timely predict the beginning and activation of deformation processe...

Records of the magnetometers responding to the effects of big earthquakes were noticed more than a hundred years ago. Even then began to dispute what caused these effects: mechanical vibrations of instruments or electric or magnetic oscillations generated by the earthquakes. In Panagjurishte (PAG) observatory we have great opportunity to shed light on this issue because we have four important instruments installed on the site - three different types of magnetometers and one seismometer. Three large earthquakes wit...

Global seismic risk and vulnerability to earthquakes are increasing steadily as urbanization and development occupy more areas that a prone to effects of strong earthquakes. The assessment of seismic hazard and generation of earthquake scenarios is the first link in the prevention chain and the first step in the evaluation of the seismic risk. The territory of Bulgaria represents a typical example of high seismic risk area in the eastern part of the Balkan Peninsula. Over the centuries, Bulgaria has experienced st...

Ecoethics and its various forms are an important phenomenon today. The bad ecological situation and the threat of the ecological collapse of the planet have been the subject of reflection by many theorists. These include multidisciplinary scientists, philosophers and ethicists. In our paper, we focus on the parallel presentation of different approaches by theorists from different industries. We present the biologization of economics, Heidegger's reflection of man's predatory relationship to the present, Ehrlich's ...

In Eastern Europe, Batumi is one of the dynamically increasing touristic center, development of recreational economy where creates some particular ecological issues. The urgency of the matter is also increased by the fact that ecological condition of recreational zone of city sea coast is developed with worsening tendency due to increased touristic flow and anthropogenic load. The main aim of research is to study the mechanism worsening the ecological condition of sea coast`s recreational zone, find out the geogra...

Soil and groundwater resources are natural resources of high ecological value, their protection against chemical degradation and pollution being of major interest and requesting a new methodology based on risk instruments. The need to implement methods for qualitative and quantitative assessment of ecotoxicological risk resides in objective assessment of effects pollutants have on ecosystems, to limit the transfer of xenobiotics to lower and upper levels of the food chain. In this sense, the team of the Environmen...

The main goal of research was to assess whether the growing of intermediate crops prone to frost kill could contribute to increase the capacity of arable land for the retention of N-substances. In 2018, a field experiment was established, in which the following intermediate crops were grown in the period between the main crops (wheat - corn): (i) Trifolium vesiculosum Savi., (ii) Trifolium pannonicum Jacq., (iii) Trifolium subterraneum L., and a control variant with no inter crop. The intermediate crops were sown ...

The current investigation is focused on the preparation and characterization of cerium and manganese oxides by two different but easy to implement procedures and their application as catalysts for ethyl acetate total oxidation, as one of the most difficult to completely oxidize VOC pollutant. The elucidation of the relation between the preparation procedure used and the structure, texture, morphology, surface and catalytic properties of the obtained materials was the main challenge in the study. For the purpose, t...

To better investigate the effect of additives on the hydrate phase behavior and to enrich the hydrate phase equilibrium data in the presence of metal compounds. Hydrate experiments were carried out in the existence of a pure quartz porous medium impregnated with a metallic powder made of 200 g FeSi3, Inconel 718 and CuSn12 alloy, respectively. Results were obtained the entire process of methane and carbon dioxide hydrate formation and decomposition in all cases. In this 949 cm3 lab-scale reactor, metallic powders ...

The key indicators that have an impact on the success of any organization are employees. When employees have a good relationship with the employer and work together, the tendency is to complete their jobs and tasks faster. Referring to this, this research aims to analyze the components of the employee relationship management (ERM) model and their impact on employee performance. To achieve the objective of the study and to answer the research question, the quantitative method was used, where the population of this ...

Based on the analysis of literary and cartographic material, zonal-landscape characteristics of the development of a producing economy and the emergence of the first environmental challenges in the territory of Russia are assessed. The first environmental problems were caused by a change in the climatic conditions of the life of the earliest settlers and by the peculiarities of the emergence and development of their producing economy. The emergence of the first centers of producing economy in the territory of Russ...

Russia is at the beginning of the development of a green economy in comparison with industrialized countries. The country is forming the core of environmentally responsible business, which has practice in the production of environmentally friendly products, their certification and competent marketing. Environmentalists note that chemical pollution of the environment has a significant and growing impact on the quality of human life today. First of all are the air, the water and the soil. The overriding goal of mode...

Main drivers of the industrial growth in the modern society include energy efficiency, compliance with national legislation and international agreements, social and environmental responsibility. Integration of these factors should be applied to the long-term development plans as the framework of sustainable development, environmental and resource efficiency. Currently, more and more countries are moving towards Best Available Techniques (BAT). Russia developed 51 Reference Document on BAT (BREF) for main industria...

The purpose of this study consists in the evaluation of completeness magnitude (Mc), b value spatial variation and seismic energy release in Vrancea crustal seismogenic area, during the period between 1990 and 2021. This parameters are essential for a correct interpretation of seismicity analysis. For the analyses, we have selected from the Romplus seismic catalog (www.infp.ro) the crustal events with depth 0<h<52 Km, and magnitudes 0.1 <Mw <5.4,recorded from 01 January 1990 to 01 March 2021, in the area bordered ...

Recent years, running of multistage hydraulic fracturing operations are wide-spread in horizontal wells and in mid-term fracing will become main influence method on pay zones in Russia. Against this background, question of evaluation and optimization of multiple frac operations is already open. In spite of the significant number of publications addressed the theme of fracture stages evaluation, there is still very much uncertainties in optimization of stages of hydraulic fracturing. Generally most of hydraulic fra...

The presented work highlights the general geochemical aspects and considers the theoretical basis of the method of geochemical monitoring of oil fields using the indicator of the quantitative ratio of organic compounds and their isomers - isobutane/butane. The object of the study are the microorganisms that can affect gas composition. The purpose of the work is to study the effect of microorganisms on the biodegradation of oil. The peculiarity of the oil composition will be used to search, delineate bypassed oil a...

For the first time in geographical science, the article considers the problem of substantiating the principle of a systematic approach to historical and geoecological periodization, taking into account event processes occurring in regional systems of nature management. In the scientific circulation of historical geoecology, the author introduces the concept of "event" - as a historical-geographical category, which is associated with the specific need to operate with a huge amount of information when carrying out r...

Lean manufacturing is an innovative approach to business process management that allows organizations to increase their competitiveness by producing goods or providing services in the shortest possible time and at the lowest cost with the quality required by the consumer. In the paper, the authors provide an analysis of foreign and Russian requirements in the field of lean manufacturing. The authors studied the experience of implementing the lean production methodology in a dairy production company, identified fac...

Sheep farming is one of the agricultural industries that makes a significant contribution to the economies of many countries around the world. The scientific literature gives various perspectives on the importance of sheep farming, as this industry plays a very important role in providing income, nutrition and paid employment for rural households, and it also supplies a diverse range of products and contributes to employment in rural areas. Sheep farming is an environmentally friendly industry because it consumes ...

Estimation of the Remaining Oil Saturation (ROS, the fraction of pore volume occupied by oil at a given location and time) in a reservoir is one of the key processes in oil field monitoring and exploitation. Because of the various geological, structural, and chemical heterogeneities that exist within the formations composing an oil field, the evolution of ROS as the reservoir gets drained will be heterogeneous as well. Such discrepancies can occur at different scales, from the microscopic (pore size) to the macros...

Romanian seismicity, is characterized by a moderate rate of tectonic origin earthquakes, with an increase in density and higher magnitudes, within the Vrancea region, located at the South-Eastern Carpathians bend, at the conjunction of three major tectonic units: East European Plate, Intra-Alpine Plate and Moesian Plate. First-motion focal mechanism solutions are a good proxy for the initial rupture and they provide important additional information on the source mechanism. The data compiled in the present paper pr...

The article presents a new view on minimizing and overcoming the consequences of the violation of coevolutionary "equilibrium" in the system "nature-society". The analysis shows that there are no differences in the system of eco-values, neither in the European integration nor in a certain state context. The modern movement of environmental consciousness reveals certain contradictions between the perception of environmental ethics and real actions and environmental practices. It is proved that the time factor (dela...

The NW part of the Black Sea is under the strong influence of the Danube River that discharges into the basin. Danube, through the input of sediment and water, has a double function in controlling the gas presence in NW Black Sea shallow sediments. The first function is to deliver into the sea the terrestrial organic matter that it is added to the marine in origin one. The second function is to provide a sustained sedimentation rate, needed to bury older organic matter, conducting to biogenic generation of methane...

The article describes the results of geochemical studies of formation water in the Romashkinskoe oil field of the Republic of Tatarstan. Geochemical monitoring is a good indicator of the origin of natural waters, the method can be used to mark formation waters. The study of an extensive collection of produced water made it possible to trace the change in its geochemical composition depending on the age of formation of the reservoir in the Volga-Ural region. Geochemical studies were carried out in the produced form...

The Moldavian Platform represents the south-west margin of the East European Platform. To the south, the Moldavian Platform is bordered by the Scythian Platform and to the west by the Carpathians. The Moldavian Platform encloses many geological and paleontological sites of high scientific value, being well known for the Middle Miocene wide exposures, represented by the Paratethys stage Sarmatian. In this study, we present the geological and paleontological heritage of 6 natural reserves from the Moldavian Platform...

The seismic surveys, carried out in various stages, highlighted two domes, placed on the eastern flank of the outpost of the Eastern Carpathians, in the Pralea - Focsani Depression. According to the Bouguer and filtered gravimetric images, the two domes (Fitionesti - Trotusanu and Movilita) are placed approximately 12 km east of the axis of the outpost, on a single major gravimetric maximum. But, while the south-eastern dome (Movilita) determines an important local gravimetric maximum (+6 mgal. On the residual gra...

The modern world is on the verge of change - the models of economic development that have existed for more than one decade are being replaced by new systems that will provide humanity with not only a bright present, but also the future. We are talking about a green economy, with equal attention not only to people, but also to the world around them. The green economy and its competitiveness is a global and European opportunity to overcome international economic problems, accompanied by a more lenient attitude towar...

Catalytic activity of commercial ruthenium catalyst (ruthenium (5%) supported on alumina (Ru5%Al2O3)) on renewable hydrocarbon production from stearic and oleic acid via hydrotreatment was investigated. Moreover, the effect of Ru5%/Al2O3 on aromatic (ethylbenzene) and saturated cyclic hydrocarbon (cyclohexane) structure modification under the same reaction conditions was determined. Full conversion of fatty acid feedstock into pure hydrocarbons were achieved over ruthenium catalyst. Linear alkanes (n-pentane to n-...

In the investigation of gas explosion events resulting from combustible gas leakage, often the formation of the explosive atmosphere at the location of the ignition source is less highlighted, usually being calculated the concentration of combustible gases at the entire volume affected by the explosion; depending on the distance between the gas source and the ignition, the complexity of the geometry (volumes occupied by various solid bodies) and the air currents in that volume (convective currents generated by hea...

The article analyzes the effect of the radioactivity of some crude oil components on the environment in the Moine?ti geological area. The analysis of the equivalent dose flow measurements shows the influence of contaminated equipment, in the areas adjacent to them, where when measuring the soil were obtained values of dose flow between 0.2 - 3.0 ?Sv/h, both at a height of 10 cm from of soil, as well as at a height of 100 cm from the ground, with a maximum of 3.5 ?Sv/h. By interpreting the results of the determinat...

The formation of a groundwater aquifer in a unique territory disturbed by the quarrying of a phosphorite deposit in the southwest of the Leningrad region, built up with industrial facilities for ore processing, auxiliary production, and waste storage is considered. During the quarrying of the phosphorite layer, the hydrogeological section was disturbed, the filtration and capacitive properties of the soils of the aeration zone and water-bearing rocks changed. In the zone of active quarries, during dewatering, the ...

COVID-19 has imposed shocks on all segments of food supply chains, simultaneously affecting farm production, food processing, transport and logistics and final demand. It is therefore important to assess the risks, the probability of their occurrence and their impacts in order to develop risk mitigation recommendations. In Latvia, poultry farming as an agricultural industry has centuries-old traditions. Poultry in Latvia are produced both on large poultry farms and on small and backyard farms. There are 21 large a...

To reveal the effect of coal mining on the content of trace elements in the environment and human bio-substrates in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The representative sample consisted of 90 children, aged 7 to 17, who have been permanently residing in the coal mining region since their birth. The study of the content of 11 microelements in human hair was done by mass spectrometry. Of the huge variety of the mineral resource base of Neryungri, only deposits of coal, gold, underground and mineral waters are now inv...