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Within the crystalline basement of the Tatar arch of the East-Russian plate, specific zones are distinguished, which can be attributed to unconventional reservoir zones. According to previous studies, different types of genesis are generated: decompressed zones of destruction of great depths, weathering crusts at the boundary of the sedimentary cover and crystalline basement, fractured permeable zones subjected to later hydrothermal processes, etc. Formation of different types of reservoir zones is associated with...

Paper presents results of 3D modeling and unconventional hydrocarbon resources assessment completed in regional scale on the area of the Eastern part of Paleozoic Baltic Basin. 3D modeling of structural framework, geochemical and petrophysical parameters was performed for Lower Paleozoic strata using Petrel software. The structural model incorporates 8 structural surfaces, 20 faults and stratigraphic information from 84 wells. The model covers an area of 16800 km2 and is divided into 7 zones (500x500 m grid cell s...

From year to year cities are becoming the environment of constantly increasing number of people. The recent growth of special interest to studying the problems of urban environment and storing all possible information concerning the adaptation of flora and fauna to existing in tense contact with man prompted the appearance of a specific scientific aspect in modern geourban studies dealing with exploration of the development of various territories with urbanized landscapes. There have been determined territorial fa...

Urban ecosystems function and maintenance are closely connected to the humans being, their interests and activities. As a result in many cases are observed serious anthropogenic works, causing a significant impact on the natural processes and conditions. Consequently urban ecosystem services become more specific, requiring more individual approaches for the related processes clarification and assessments. The understanding of such implementation recently is under a broad extension. Practices in the area widely inc...

Quaternary sand-gravel mixture and sand deposits are among the most significant raw mineral resources needed for construction industry in Latvia. As regulations of Cabinet of Ministers of Republic of Latvia No. 570 states пїЅ geological prospecting has to consist of data acquired by drilling. Following study presents results of ground penetrating radar (GPR) surveying combined with traditional prospecting methods for A (proved) and N (probable) category sand-gravel and sand deposits. Geological prospecting for dep...

The organic food market is one of the most developing food markets both in Poland and in the world. In 2002-2010 the value of organic food market in the world increased by 23 billion. Dynamic development of the organic food market is related to a great demand for organic food, particularly in the European Union. In Poland, the organic food market is changing as a result of the increase of the demand for organic food which is preconditioned with changes in the consumers' likes concerning the food quality and with c...

According to the literature [9,15] geothermal energy means a part of the Earth's energy resources accumulated in water, water steam and dry hot rocks. It is classified to a group of renewable resources, virtually inexhaustible due to its transfer from the EarthпїЅs inside by conduction and convection. M. Kaczmarczyk [6] describes geothermal energy as a primary energy originated in the process of the Earth formation and as the energy generated by the radioactive decay. It has been evaluated that the global geotherm...

The present study was conducted at the Floriculture Research Area, Faculty of Horticulture of Craiova (RomпїЅnia), in the year 2014. The main objective of this work was to investigate the potential effects of foliar applications of some natural biostimulators obtained from humic acids from lignite (HA), from the grape seed extract (GSE) and their 1:1 mixture, on plant growth and development, depending on the rooting substrate. Stem cuttings of Pelargonium peltatum were rooted in two media (peatпїЅperlite, and Jiff...

Extraction of rare earth elements (REE) from mining wastes may change their physical and chemical properties thus affecting their usefulness for reclamation. The aim of this work was to assess the usefulness for reclamation of mine wastes used for REE production. Samples of mine wastes after an experimental benefication process (n=6) were delivered from Kankberg mine, Sweden. The samples were measured for organic matter (OM) content, specific gravity, maximum water holding capacity (WHC), texture, pH and electric ...

Most of the wells have an associated survey suite designed for geophysical investigations, including neutron log, density log, and sonic log. These tools are used later on for singular, dual, or complex boreholes geophysical interpretation, especially for reservoir characterization in terms of lithology and porosity. It is known that the acoustic waveпїЅs velocity through different rock types is a function of the elastic properties and density of both the mineral skeleton of that rock, and the in situ fluids, stre...

The article discusses an urgent problem of developing wastewater treatment technologies that ensure high efficiency with simultaneous reduction of energy consumption and mass and size of a plant. Cavitation treatment is one of the modern and promising physico-mechanical wastewater treatment methods. Cavitation is a rupture of dropping liquid under the action of tensile stresses due to the change of characteristics of the velocity and pressure fields occurring at rarefaction in the considered point of the liquid. D...

In Russia, terms пїЅmarker substanceпїЅ or пїЅmarker parameterпїЅ have been used in regulatory acts on Best Available Techniques (BATs). For BAT-related purposes it is needed to select most significant, marker (or indicator) parameters characterizing applied technologies and useful for setting BAT-associated emission limit values. When reliable environmental performance data are scarce and self-monitoring practices are not fully developed, marker parameters should be chosen by means of expert analysis. Russian inf...

In underground mines the methane, accompanying the exploitation of the primary mineral - hard coal, and is discharged into the atmosphere in two ways: with ventilation air (70%) and methane drainage system (30%). The development of methane from coal seams is important for the following reasons: as it can be used for the production of electricity and heat or in cogeneration. This is because the emission of methane into the atmosphere contributes to the greenhouse effect. Currently the work is being carried out by t...

Close to human residences the places often abound where anthropogenic activity and external factors cause their changes. The changes can often influence their inhibitantsпїЅ life thanks to incipient dangerous places. The project of successful design of measures to ensure stability of unstable running blocks depends on chosen approaches and primary resource preparation. Utilization of modern technologies in their taking and processing is required nowadays. The paper describes the taking and processing of datas for ...

Over 400,000 shells of different calibers were dumped in Burgas Bay after the end of WWI. The operation, under the coordination of the British forces, was completed without the dumping areas to be clearly mentioned and mapped, allowing us today to assume that they can be anywhere in Burgas Bay. Many other shells were also dumped in the sea at the end of WWII. During the first phase of expansion of Burgas harbor, carried out between 2001 and 2006, a great deal of unexploded ammunition, originating from both WWI and...

The goal of article is to present an influence of V2G and G2V technology on electric power system. They were presented different ways of balancing the National Electric Power System by electric vehicles, which are taking part in V2G and G2V systems. By using technologies which support integration of electric vehicles with grid, a traditional grid can be developed and transformed to the Smart Grid. One of the systems that support electric vehicles is called Smart Metering. пїЅNegawattпїЅ is a theoretical unit, whic...

In this work the received analytical material on bottom sediments more than 200 lakes is generalized in different landscape (climatic) zones of Western Siberia. The bottom sediments were studied by a set of modern methods of geochemistry, mineralogy, and crystal chemistry. We will try to highlight some of the general laws of horizontal and vertical distribution of natural radionuclides (NRN) in different types of bottom sediments of the inland lakes of Siberia. Based on NRN distribution in the bottom sediment of t...

Water Framework Directive 2000/60 / EC is considered a progressive and innovative legislative measure which should lead to improved of surface water in Europe. One important factor contributing to the impairment of surface water quality is the use of chemical and organic fertilizers, which through runoff or leaching in water table can cause the phenomenon of pollution of surface waters and groundwater. In a river basin, the factors that determine the nutrient loads are: industry, urban sewage, atmospheric depositi...

Assessment of soil dynamic parameters via wave propagation method utilizing results of elastic or viscosпїЅelastic wave analysis. In this paper is only outlining the basic of the theoretical subject which is necessary for experimental applications via impulseпїЅseismic methods (ISM) or the phase velocity method. The ISM experimental study of ground stressпїЅwave propagation permits the ground to be modelled as a damped, viscoelastic half space. The viscoelastic model of soil simulation using the complex modulus co...

The article focuses on the problems of the cost reduction in timber transportation. The cross-border timber transportation process is expensive and difficult to arrange. The important problem is to reduce transportation costs and in order to do that we have to optimize it. The all-round approach is the best way to solve this problem. . The Optimization of the production process at all stages is provided as the necessary method. The optimization method allows us to perform the following: selection of the transporta...

This study investigates the weed vegetation in vineyards of Rahovec region in Kosovo. Along with far-reaching political and socio-economic alterations, agricultural land use has changed in the recent past in the Kosovo. To increase the knowledge on the weed vegetation in vineyards, we recorded the vegetation of 100 plots with a standard plot size of 25 mпїЅ. To avoid edge effects, the minimum distance of each plot to the field border was 10 m. The location of each plot was documented with the help of a GPS using t...

The interpretation of well tests is a tool for the detection of well and reservoir problems, which based on the determination of several parameters such as permeability, skin, average reservoir pressure, flow capacity (kh ), effective length, boundary reservoir, and type of wellbore storage, etc. The knowledge of these parameters will allow us to make the production forecast and the resolution of production problems. For this, We have chosen six production wells located in the Haoud Berkaoui oil field, the interpr...

Wettability as a rock-fluid interaction property is well recognized to affect the multiphase flow in hydrocarbons reservoirs. It impacts on the petrophysical properties of reservoir rock including relative permeability, capillary pressure, electrical properties and enhanced oil recovery. The three most commonly states are differed of wettability for hydrocarbon fields, these include: water wet, oil wet and mixed. USBM and Amott- Harvey laboratory methods are proposed as petroleum industry standards to estimate roc...

The aim of the article is to present a special model of emission changes compared to changes in the economic performance of EU countries. Because the expansion of international economic activity is associated with industrial structure and energy demands, governments must reexamine their policies that affect these urgent issues in the effort to achieve low air pollutants. The article deals with the relationship of GDP per capita and NOx emissions per capita. Within the examination of the growth or decline in NOx em...

Biogenic origin of the carbonate reef build-ups poses multiple questions associated with spatial porosity distribution in corresponding hydrocarbon reservoirs. Consequently, this paper focuses on 3D characterization of the voids observed within chosen carbonate samples. Not only the pore type and geometry are interpreted, but also the origin of pores is attempted to be resolved. Zechstein (Permian) biogenic reef carbonates were examined. The rocks have been withdrawn from the central part of the isolated Wielichow...

A comparative study on the zeolitization of coal fly ash from thermo-power plant “Maritsa 3” (Dimitrovgrad) with KOH and NaOH solutions of different concentrations has been made. The initial materials have been activ ated by application of “conventional” method of hydrothermal treatment at temperatures near 100 °C, atmosphere pressure and liquid/solid ratio of 10 ml.g -1. Three concentration levels for KOH and four concentration levels for NaOH have been used. The initial fly ashes and the obtained zeolit...

Anthropogenic activities produce a lot of chem ical, physical and bi ological pollutants, which penetrate by different ways into environment and influence the living organisms and ecosystems negatively. In present it does not exist universal method for environmental risk assessment. Most countries use various procedures in field of risk analysis oriented to the specific problem solutions close connected with the chosen factors, which have negative influences on the individual environmental parts. The paper deals w...

The objective of the work was a laboratory examination of biodegradation of sewage sludge from the Central Wastewater Treatment Plant (ГљДЊ OV) in Ostrava, which had undergone physical pre-treatment by means of a spark discharge or UV radiation. The laboratory tests made use of a bacterial mixture of Rhodococcus sp. and Pseudomonas putida.

This paper aims at studying some complex coagulants derived from the medium anionic polymer and medium cationic surfactant in order to evaluate the opportunity to use them in destabilizing and removing th e colloidal systems from water and wastewater. In this respect, medium anionic copolymers of acrylamide and sodium acrylate with commercial Preastol 2540, and a medium cationic surfactant derived from triethanolamine with commercial name of Tetranyl AT-7590 were used in order to obtain these complex coagulants. T...

The crude-oil import and pipeline- related pumping activities date since 1967, when the ship Marianne III delivered th e first “black gold” shipping to Constanta harbor. Due to the petroleum products growth and the development of the petrochemical industry, it has been decided to import and transport crude oil through pipe lines. This paper presenting the Management of the environmental scheme in the Roumanian Oil Transporting Pipeline based to long experience (20 years to working in the environmental protecti...

Environmental environment is defined as “a human notices significance of his/her relation with the environment in terms of hi s/her existence”. In the society, several professional groups are of extreme importance for increasing awareness of subjects and leading to behavior changes. Environmental behaviors of physicians having substantial effects on public health and education are impor tant for social awareness. This study is conducted in order to assess environmental behaviors of municipality employess and c...

The purpose of this project course is a comprehensive environmental treatment of the Sharr Mountain area. In this context, has beco me a description of the extent of the area, geographic position, morphology of the terrain , hydro graphic and climate, geological- tectonic construction, biodiversity, natural heritage and genetic zone Mountains National Park-Sharr. Sharr Mountains occupy an area of 580 km 2, and have split into three sub-districts: Lumbardhi of Prizren, it Ko rishe-Mushtisht and Lepenci. The criteri...

The geotechnogenic system «a cavity of underground nuclear explosion –geological environment – surface ecosystems» is considered, for the object of peaceful underground nuclear explosion (PUNE) "Cryst al" (Russia, Yakutia) as an example. New data on the radioactive pollution of surface and underground waters were obtained. Geophysical transient electromagnetic sounding, in other words - time-domain electromagnetic sounding method (TDEM) al ong two profiles above the epicentre of PUNE was applied. The reveale...

The nature conservation is an essential part of the human efforts for preservation of the natural landscape for the future generations. Both the living and the non-living parts of our environment are the subjects of bioconservation and geoconservation. Geoconservation aims to preserve the natural diversity of the non-living environment including bedrock features, landforms and soil features and processes. In the last two decades Bulgarian geologists have made effort s to recognize its geological heritage. In 2003 ...

The paper describes results from 18 months data collection and analogue modeling of “rain water – calcrete” interaction. The expe riment is based on leaching by natural rain and snow-melting water of material from diff erent soil and undersoil layers, containing various amounts of carbonates. It confirme d that rain and snow-melting water, circulating through the soil, undersoil and the underlying rocks, dissolves calcium rich minerals. Under dry weather and relativel y high temperature the hydrogen carbonat...

Appropriate selection of technological pro cess, as well as technology for processing row materials at quarries, creation of dust emission into the air and its further dispersion would be reduced to the minimal possible measure. This paper represents results of measurement of sedimentary and floating dust, as well as measurement of noise that are products of exploitation of limestone and spilite at SM „Kota“ near Vareš. Measurement confirmed that during limestone processi ng at mentioned location, pollution o...

The greatest quantities of waste represent on e of the most acute problems faced by big cities. The huge amounts of household produced by the population, office and small enterprises which provide various services to the population need to be processed in special plants. After this kind of processed it intend to obtained raw materials for manufactured industries and the organic waste will be transformed in compost for agriculture or in methane gas if we have an specifically installation. Such material will be proc...

Kosova has a significant resources of coal-lig nite, that is the mo st important energy resource, which supplies about 98% of total electricity production. During the process of electricity generati on amount existing plants release enormous quantity of ash, CO 2, NOx and SO 2.These discounts have impact in the air and water, and as well affecting the health of the population. The number of residents in the Obiliq Municipality and suburb is increasing with cancer an disease respiratory and ch ronic diseases. This ...

The increasing environmental impact from the construction becomes a serious problem that can cause significant damage, not only to ecosystems but also to the health and wellbeing of field workers and nearby resident s of construction sites. Therefore, is necessary to approach and continuous effort within the industry in order to achieve the objectives sustainable constr uction and reducing of the environmental impacts of construction. A recent study shows that construction is the third largest industry sector in t...

During 2008/10 we have investigated the cowslip (Primula veris L.) populations in different habitats across Kosovo in order to find morphological differences and genetic resources. We have found that this species in Kosovo is distributed in different altitudes, from 700 m (Mramor) up to 2000 m (Albanian Alps). We have observed more than 16 8 localities, in which cowslip was present. Largest populations were found in Albanian Alps, in Sharri Mountains and in the Shala region (Northern Kosovo). For investigated para...

During the research of flora and vegetation of Sharri Mountains we have found five new taxons for Kosovo’s flora. As part of the Sharri Mountains we have also researched Mushtisht Mountain which occupied the northeas tern part of the Sharri Mountains and range in altitude 480 - 2092 m (Maja Pashallare). These terrains are rich with rare endemic and relict species to the Balkans and that species have been preserved very well especially at the valley of the Rusenica. During research the Mushtisht Mountain flora’...

Dyeing of polyester fabric is carryng out in slightly acidic me dium; the dyebath pH value is adjusted to 4.5 – 5.5, which resu lts in the huge amount of acidic industrial wastewater. In this paper, dyeing of polyest er knitwear with four disperse dyes in the pH range 4.5 – 7, in order to reduce the amount of acid used in the dyeing process, was investigated. Colour differences between the samples dyed at pH 6.0 and 7.0 and one dyed at pH 4.5 were asseessed using the technique of reflectiometry and expressed i...

The enhanced oxidation of su lphide minerals by mini ng activities is a worldwide problem of significant environmental interest because of leading to the generation of Acid Mine Drainage (AMD). These waters e xhibit very different chemical and physical properties depending on their origin and the geochemical nature of the site of exploitation. Low pH, high concentration of sulphates and various heavy metals cause their deleterious effect on the environmen t. Treatment methods to address AMD are focused on neutrali...

Ever increasing industrialization has b een an important factor causing many environmental problems. Man made inputs asso ciated with industrial practices; mineral exploration, industrial processes and solid wa ste management contribute to heavy metal contamination of natural ecosystem. Nickel is one of the heavy metals that are present in industrial water from traces to very high quantity. Extraction of Ni 2+ from the effluents using flyash depends on various parameters such as pH, quantity of fly ash and sorptio...

This paper represents results of measuring of sedimentary dust at two locations. One location is at SM where installed is old fa shioned technology for limestone processing. The other location is „Kota“ near Vareš, where installed is contemporary technology for limestone and spilite processing with application of BAT (the best available technique), and is a property of company „BBM Vareš“ d.o.o. from Vareš. Measurements confirmed that during limestone processing wh ere old fashioned technology is instal...

Solid waste management has become an environmental concern for many developing countries including Libya country. There have been several significant obstacles facing the city of Al-Abyar in dealing with th is issue including; limited documentation regarding generation, handling, management, and disposal of waste. In this paper, solid waste management status in the city of Al-Abyar has been investigated through an extensive survey carried out on selected p ublic and private comp anies. Solid waste management pract...

In the context of sustainable development the problem of water pollution has a greatest importance due to the necessity of ensuring a clean environment for the next generation. Water quality standards provide the framework of accepted water parameters: chemical, physical, microbiological, biochemical, radiological. The European standards show the sampling method and terminology accep ted for that in according with macro- regional environmental conditions. In the present conditions, a good standard of life for peop...

Unsustainable consumption and production pa tterns in the developed world have an increased generation of waste over many decades. One of the major environmental challenge is the enormous amount of waste generated from leather and footwear industries. The leather and footwear industr ies are diverse manufacturing sectors which employ a wide variety of materials to make products ranging from different types and styles of clothes and footwear. Over 40 di fferent materials can be used but leather represents the most ...