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From the perspective of the global climate changes, the aim of this paper is to analyse the extreme events that have taken place near the Romanian harbors in the last 30 years. In order to identify these extreme events, the hindcast data simulated by a wave modelling system implemented in the Black Sea will be used. The main wave parameters simulated by a wave prediction system implemented over the entire basin of the Black Sea are evaluated together with the wind fields considering the data provided by the US Nat...

This paper presents the analysis of quantities and types of waste delivered to port reception facilities by passenger-cargo ferries at the Port of ?winouj?cie. The waste classification set out by applicable legal provisions, statistics on the numbers and sizes of vessels delivering waste to the port and journey frequencies of the vessels under review have been used, along with other inputs, for the purposes of this study. The objective of this paper has been to conduct an analysis of quantities and types of waste ...

The examples of modern biophysical and biochemical methods used at the Black Sea coastal zone biotesting were presented. Their obvious advantages in precision, objectivity and efficiency of received information in comparison with other methods were shown. The bioluminescence analysis as biophysical method was used. The obtained results revealed trustworthy relation between bioluminescence field variability and ecological conditions of studied coastal areas. Ambiguous influence of heavy metals on bioluminescence of...

Chitosan is a natural polymer very widespread in the animal world, particularly in marine organisms. This biopolymer has three reactive groups in each glycoside unit of the polymeric chain: an amino group and two hydroxyl groups, which determine its characteristics. Between these groups, the most important is the amino group, which is responsible for the cationic nature of biopolymer and which gives its biological properties, as well as certain physical - chemical characteristics, such as solubility (at pH = 6 ? 6...

The purpose of this research study is to identify the characteristics of marine sediments, which determine the accumulation of different radionuclides as a result of statistical analyses. The main attention is paid to the accumulation of radionuclides from the data on grain size and component-wise composition of sediments. Radioactive pollution is the result of various events: waste discharge of industrial waters, radioactive waste disposal and breakdowns on atomic submarines. Various areas of Russian Arctic seas ...

The Gulf of Finland belongs to the large bays of the Baltic Sea. The eastern part of the Gulf of Finland is an estuary of the Neva River. The heterogeneity of its water masses is typical for the eastern part of the bay. The main reason of such issue is the significant spatial variability of water salinity. The salinity regime is largely determined by the flow of fresh water from the Neva Bay and the spread of seawater from the western parts of the Gulf of Finland. There is a weakening of the influence of river flo...

Currently a sharp increase of carbon dioxide content in atmosphere of the Earth is one of the great environmental concerns. It could lead to negative (possibly catastrophic) changes of our planet climate. Experts attribute the rapid and significant increase in anthropogenic CO2 emissions to the number of anticipated causes of this problem, as well as the continuing (also anthropogenic and significant) decrease in the natural storage capacities of this greenhouse gas in terrestrial ecosystems. The rate of increment...

An important indicator of the existing and possible pollution of any water area is the content of trace metals in bottom sediments that can characterize the level of anthropogenic load. Analysis of the content of metals in bottom sediments in different parts of the water area made it possible to establish the features of distribution of toxic metals in dependence on natural geochemical processes and to identify the areas that experience the most intensive anthropogenic load. In the paper, estimates of the spatial ...

Fishing opportunities of Latvia are based on the long-term research of environment and fish resources at national and international level. Environmental pollution, unfavourable spawning conditions as well as intensive fishing and other factors have negative influence upon the state of the fish stocks. As a result of stock fluctuation and changes in fishing quotas allocated annually at the EU level, Latvian fishery companies have difficulties to plan their future activities; consequently, increasing attention is be...

This paper is about dynamics of waters of the Keret Bay in the Chupa Estuary, Kandalaksha Bay of a semi-enclosed Arctic sea ? White Sea, Russia. It is a small semi-isolated tidal estuary with special features because of mixing fresh waters of River Keret and Chupa Estuary during tidal cycles, and due to complicated topography of the area. Water exchange in tidal Keret estuary happen out through three small straits. Hydrographic surveys of the water area were carried out during summer seasons of 2006-2014. In 2009-...

Since 1. January 2013 on all the vessels of a gross tonnage exceeding 400 tons there is a Recommendation in force released by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) which concerns applying a Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan ? SEEMP. Applying SEEMP on the vessels is meant to be the way of increasing the efficient energy use of fleet within the economic and ecological scope. Its aim is to increase the efficient energy use of the vessels thanks to the decline in fuel consumption and the same CO2 emission...

Marine pollution with mineral oils has become a major problem due to the negative impact on the marine ecosystem. This threat is mainly caused by maritime transport which discharge the poly aromatic hydrocarbons known as polluting products into the sea through the bilge waters, or through cleaning operations of cargo tanks of chemical and petrochemical vessels, as well as because of naval accidents. Due to the high risks caused by the oil pollution, International Maritime Organization adopted Marpol 73/78, a speci...

The Baltic Sea is suffering from extended surplus of phosphorus, nitrogen and other pollutants. It causes diminishing biodiversity and increased eutrophication (mainly due to nitrogen and phosphorous in various substances). The common effort in the region is environmental standpoint in sustainable circular economy. Oil pollutants, heavy metals, organic substances are being released to the Baltic Sea and consequences for maritime environment are serious. However, Baltic Sea Region is one of the most innovative regi...

A computer programme aiding the diagnostics of the devices in the marine power plant and operation management of this power plant on the fishing vessel of medium size have been characterized. The programme is installed on the Dutch fishing vessels (Fig. 1) of 40 m length and gross tonnage just above 400 RT, with 5-7 persons of crew (skipper, mechanic and fishers). Such vessels are usually dedicated for fishing of demersal fish. Particular modules of the programme used both for diagnostics of devices and organizati...

Bioluminescence field in the Black Sea is formed mainly by accumulations of luminous dinoflagellates, which along with other microalgae are an important component of marine ecosystems. The study of bioluminescence field variability, which reflects the structural and functional parameters of phytoplankton, redounds to a more detailed insight into its spatial and temporal heterogeneity. The article presents the analysis of bioluminescence field structure, measured in five marine expeditions onboard the research vess...

Fragments of ferruginous brecciated limestones were studied in Bashkirian geological cross-sections in central part of Volga-Ural sedimentary basin. It is established that ferruginization of carbonate rocks is not controlled by facies. Mudstones, stromatolite boundstones and foraminiferal packstones have traces of diagenetic ferruginization. All carbonates are characterized by leaching traces in the form of sub vertical and inclined fractures and big pores filled by fine-grained calcite. Clasts of ferruginization ...

The role of sulfur gas of intense volcanic exhalations is considered as an important source of sulfur in sedimentation basins and as a probable cause of alterations and crises in the Mesozoic ecosystems. In the work sedimentary deposits of different ages and genesis are analyzed, presented in the form of lithological columns with detailed paleontological, mineralogical and geochemical characteristics. The levels in the sections enriched with pyroclastics are compared with the changes in the taxonomic composition o...

The pressure regulators used in underwater breathing apparatuses determine the respiratory comfort of the diver. Our study focuses on the turbulent flow of gas through the series of valves and nozzles that are component elements of a pressure regulator. The pneumatic resistance, induced by the mechanism that controls the dependence between the air flow rate and the pressure differential created by the diver?s air intake, influences to a notable degree the breathing effort. The second stage of an underwater regulat...

The paper aims at presenting oily water separators as one of the key components of complex lubrication systems used in seagoing vessels. Furthermore, the paper presents commonly used standardized connection flanges and pumps that may be considered a meaningful parameter in the evaluation of the efficiency of oily waste treatment systems in seagoing vessels. The objective of the current study was to discuss the working principles of selected oily water separators and to analyze their capacity, throughput as well as...

The availability of the Baltic Sea for the largest container vessels is limited primarily to the depth of the Danish Straits. Ships with maximum dimensions of technical for shipping by the Danish Strait are called Baltimax. Currently, the theoretical size of the dimensions of the vessels are as follows: draught 15 m, width 42-48 m, length 240 пїЅ 260 m, capacity 100-120 thousand DWT. Therefore, the authors have analyzed the actual draught consumables container ships of the three largest companies in the world in t...

The development of modern technologies allows us to solve the problem of carrying out long-term measurements of velocity and temperature in lakes. The long-term local measurements of velocity have been conducted in Lake Shira (Khakassia) in the period 2014-2015.The velocity profile along the column of the liquid in Lake Shira occurs due to density summer stratification and wind. The horizontal velocities vary greatly in depth as well as in time. The principal component method has been performed to analyze the hori...

The sea coasts and estuaries are especially exposed to the oil pollution harmful influence as they frequently suffer from oil spills relating to the tanker accidents, port and off-shore activities. The objective of the present research is to examine the rates of spilled fuel oil natural destruction on geographically different seacoasts and to assess their self-cleaning capacity. For this purpose, a number of contaminated sectors of the Atlantic coasts of France and Spain (areas of пїЅErikaпїЅ and пїЅPrestigeпїЅ ta...

This article identifies the special features of the preliminary designing of RoPax vessels. The hull geometric parameters have been defined as well as the functional parameters of the designed vessel, in consideration of the volume/capacity criterion. The preliminary assumptions have been adopted. T he preliminary calculations algorithm has been proposed, a statistical analysis has been conducted of hull geometrical properties of 20 similar vessels and the relationships reflecting the connections amongst them were...

REE determinations were conducted for two mineralized lakes of the Ishim steppe, situated between the Irtysh and Tobol rivers in the southern part of Western Siberia, by means of atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). They are of Cl-Na-type but differ in salinity and pH. It was shown that REE distribution patterns for the Zhamantuz and Kishikaroy lake waters were identical. Nevertheless, coherent fractionation from LREE to HREE is disrupted after the equilibrium calculations. Thermodynamic modeling was performed wi...

The present study investigates and evaluates the frequency of emerging extreme wind-induced water level fluctuations, which line up with the marks пїЅadverse eventпїЅ and пїЅdangerous eventпїЅ. The method we applied involved statistics throughout 1972-2016. Standard observation data from hydrometer stations of the Sea of Azov were processed. The study provides the strong evidence that this period had abnormal level activity: ? annual cycle of level had marks above the average sea level datum; rising tide was 0,19 ...

Detecting and monitoring of coccolithophores blooms is increasingly important due to their significant role in ocean biogeochemistry and unique capacity for feedbacks to climate because of calcite carbon and DMS production and high reflectance. Application of remote sensing approach, based on dependence of water optical properties on coccolithophores/coccoliths abundance (particulate back scattering coefficient) , allows for tracing of coccolithophores dynamics at basin-wide scale enabling quantification of bloom ...

The aim of the work is to assess consequences of polychaetes Marenzelleria spp. invasion for the Gulf of Finland ecosystem in a future climate. With this objective benthic submodel of the 3-dimentional eco-hydrodynamic Saint-Petersburg Baltic sea Eutrophication Model (SPBEM) was applied. In the model 4 numerical experiments were carried out: 1) 2 control runs excluding the effects of Marenzelleria spp. under two different scenarios of global climate change (based on ECHAM5 model of Max Planck Institute of Meteorol...

The potentially toxic genus Pseudo-nitzschia H.Peragallo, 1900 is common for the phytoplankton community in the Bulgarian part of the Black Sea often proliferating to bloom densities. The highly similar morphological features hamper the precise species discrimination by light microscopy and an accurate identification requires the application of more sophisticated methods. In this study we used genus specific large subunits ribosomal DNA (LSU rDNA) primer pair in order to elucidate the species diversity within Pseu...

This study deal with numerical investigation of river sea interaction. River mouth modelling is one of the most complex problem in coastal engineering because of meteorological and oceanographic uncertainties. Although river-sea interaction has been complex problem, these areas have significant importance for human life such as dense population near this places, environmental importance, transportation etc. During the riverпїЅsea interaction numerical modelling just one defined or steady condition modelling is nev...

Bacterial density, biomass, morphological dive rsity and cell integrity were studied in surficial sediment samples taken form eight locations on the Romanian coast. Investigation was done by epifluorescence microscopy, employing SYBR Green I (universal fluorochrome) and propidium iodide (for visualising cells with damaged membranes). Cell density varied between 4.62-9.64 Г— 107 cells/cm3 sediment, showing a relation to sediment grain size. Dry biomass ranged between 3.03-6.39 Вµg/cm 3. Rod shaped bacteria were dom...

In the present work the GIS technologies is used for the analysis of oceanographic conditions and the estimation of the fishing situation on an example of the catching the saira in the North-West area of the Pacific Ocean. The vector GIS ArcGIS and raster GIS IDRISI was used. The analysis were based on the satellite information about the fields of the sea surface temperatures r eceived from satellite NOAA, the altimetric sea level data obtained from sa tellites Topex/Poseidon, ERS-1/2 and the satellite images of t...

The study includes the geochemical data of foraminifera in Pleistocene-Holocene aged marine sediments outcropping along the coasts of Gulf of Antalya and around the Belek, Kadriyeköy and Kumköy settlement places in the south of the Serik (eastern Antalya) in Turkey. The chemistry of benthic foraminifera tests can include records of seawater and provide data on environmental interpretation. For this purpose a total of 28 benthic forami nifera were selected from similar genus and species of benthic foraminifera an...

The Lake Paliastomi is located in the extreme western part of Kolkhety Valley bordering the Black Sea coastal area.The paper deals with the analyses of the materials collected through the field and theoretical studies prove, that the natural landscapes of Paliastomi and its neighbouring wetlands were the subject of the strong impact of anthropogenic factors.

The Makran coast of Iran is exposed to the long waves generated in the Indian Ocean. The coast experienced huge waves induced by tsunami and cyclone during the past decades. Using the impact of the past events we present potential inundation areas for the great waves on the Makran coast. Based on the value of long wave height, three flood zones are specified on the inundation map. The first zone associated with no considerable inundation on uplifted rocky shore, the second zone would experience up to a few kilomet...

Surface and core sediment samples from the Iranian continental shelf of the Gulf of Oman have been studied using standard sedimentological techniques. Based on the grain size analysis of surface and core sediments, the silt fraction is the common sediment type in the Makran shelf. It ranges from 40\% up to 76\%. The amount of clay fraction varies from 19\% to 54\%. Sandy sediments appear in some cores up to 20\%. Mean content of organic matter and calcium carbonate in the sediments is around 1.75\% and 15.4\%, res...

A review of extreme storm events along the Bulgarian Black Sea coast is of interest for wide spectrum of readers – oceanographers, meteorologists, engineers, economists, decision makers and stakeholders. Reasonable management of the coastal zone demands a reliable and timely forecasting of storm events and evaluation of the related potential damages and economical losses. This paper focuses on the heavy storm of February 1979. The aim of the study is reconstruction of all stages of the storm on the basis of avai...

The aim of the present study is to investigate the biological effects of contaminants is a combination of chemical and biological measurements. Among biological measurements, investigation of alteration at the cellular or sub-cellular level can provide an early-warning signal of adverse biological response before they are manifested at the population and community level. Lysosome destabilization test has been the method of choice in the present paper. A relatively low retention time of the used red neutral dye amo...

Peridotite massif of Goleshi is representative of the dippiest mantle section of Vardari oceanic lithosphere: The characteristics of deep mantle peridotite are: the total lack of pyroxenite dyke series, the total lack of the gabbroic dyke series, the lack of the chromites ore bodies, presence of rare and small dunite lenses. Ophiolitic peridotite of the Goleshi massif set tectonically over metamorphic Paleozoic-Triassic series and is transgresivelly overlaid by Pliocene formations. The striking of the foliation is...

A marine archaeological survey reveals not only ancient relics, in cases of success but interesting features on the seabed. During a field work, at the sea area westwards of Santorini island, (South Aegean Sea, Greece) we discovered volcanic formations of pillow lavas surrounded by hydrothermal vents, delineated by white bacterial mats and drifted particulates in the water column. With side scan sonar, we recorded two circular dome-like formations possibly of volcanic origin with nearby larger seamounts and wide o...