Browse

This paper presents the results of an assessment of the earthquake hazard for the Qom province, based on seismotectonic conditions, regional earthquake data and seismicity analyses. The active faults and potential seismic sources of the region are identified and illustrated in a seismotectonic map. A model of earthquake sources has been prepared. The appropriate acceleration attenuation laws are selected and earthquake hazard analysis has been done for the province using an analysis point interval scale of 0.1*0.1...

The investigations made by us about the micromorphology of the foliar surfaces of two species of gymnosperms in the industrial areas Bicaz and TaЕџca (the NeamЕЈ District, Romania). The investigations of electronic microscopy (S.E.M.) made up at the level of necrotic and/or chlorosis surfaces (top, middle, basis) of the acicular leaves of Pinus sylvestris and Pinus nigra showed changes of the cuticular surface, their contortion, caused by the total disappearance of the parallelism between the cuticular prints, the...

Bulgaria occupies a unique position in south-east Europe in terms of river basin management and control because contamination from metal extraction and processing industries not only has a potential significant trans-border impact but also affects both the Mediterranean and Black Seas. However, to date, no whole basin source to sink study of metal contamination has yet been conducted in the country. This paper begins to address this issue by presenting preliminary results from a survey conducted in August 2004 of ...

For increasing the endurance of bucket wheel excavators’ teeth dipper, used in brown coal open pits from Oltenia, were made theoretic researches and experiments finalized with the accomplishment of new dippers and teeth more reliable and more cheeper, which are used according to mechanic characteristics of brown coal and dead-ground from the working faces.

The idea of underground coal gasification is connected with the name of Mendeleev 120 years ago. But its practical realization starts during the 30th years of the previous century and continues up to now. There is not any technical or technological problem to perform gasification as a method of processing hard household wastes. In combination with recycling of part of the wastes and utilization of gaseous products of gasification for energy production, this method could be very effective and attractive. If we supp...

Temporary rail ways in open cast mines influence by the accepted speed for the trains. They have influence on the most important indicator of heavy mining mechanization – the productivity of excavators – stope and mounding. This problem has been always underestimated because a priori has been accepted the dependence between the accepted speed and productivity. This research proves another type of functional dependence – fraction-lineal.

Mine backfill can be defined as the material or materials used for filling the underground openings created by the mining process in order to establish and retain safe working conditions. In this study, an overview of the current application of mining operations with paste backfill technology has been examined with a case study from an underground copper-zinc mine located in the northeast Turkey. Due to the elimination of the harmful mine tailings obtained from mill processing and hence the reduced rehabilitation ...

In this paper we present the critical situation of four species of Gymnosperms (Pinus nigra and Pinus sylvestris, Picea abies, Abies alba.) which can be found in areas of industrial zone from Bicaz District, Romania. The pollutants are mainly solid: lime and cement dust. Our investigation it is about the physiological and histo – anatomical modifications of the leaves (needles). We want to stress the fact that the large quantity of dry substance from the leaves isn’t always related to the distance from the pol...

During 2004, pluridisciplinary investigations have been devoted to the abiotic and biotic characteristics of the anthropized ecosystem developed in relation with the domestic litter hills at Tomesti, Iasi. Both abiotic (climate, soil, air) and biotic (talobyontes, chormobyontes, phytophagous invertebrata) parameters have been recorded. The results showed that the urban wastes deposit has a complex impact upon the environment: air pollution with odours and dust, soil pollution with heavy metals (Pb, Ni, Cr, Cd, Cu)...

The concept of labour occupation has know different approaches, developments, completions, contradictory opinions, pointing out a high degree of complexity. To begin with, occupation is a means, labour being a fundamental factor of any development. Then, a lasting development cannot be acquired through waste. In the third way, lasting development is undoubtedly connected to the amount of the income. Finally, environment protection is a field necessary to any economy; as economic development bears fruit, jobs conne...

The importance of the influence of temporary rail ways is deduced on the most essential indicator in open cast mining – the productivity of heavy mining mechanization and it is shown how this can be used in practice and through organizing the whole mining process. Also it can be used when corrections through the exploitation of the mine are needed.

The influence of temporary rail ways over transporting ability through the mining railway net in open cast mines is researched. A functional relation between optimal speed of temporary ways and the transporting ability is found.

The Sabzevar ophiolite is a highly dismembered ophiolite complex located along the northern boundary of the Central Iranian Microcontinet (CIM) and is one of the internal groups of ophiolites and colored melange. The area has various lithological units that are the cause of Sabzevar colored melange zone. There are many chromite pods in the area but the high topography and mountainous condition and inability to trace the hidden lenses, many of them are not explored yet. A mathematical- genetic model could be helpfu...

The optimal numbers of runs of a train in open cast mine is one of the most important technical indicators, on which the work of rail transport in mines is evaluated. A functional dependence between the optimum number of runs of a train and the accepted speed on temporary rail ways in a mine is deduced.

All the specialists in open cast mines which are equipped with technological railway transport know that the transporting process has underlined optional character. This is based on several factors. One of them is the levels intensity of possibility of transportation process to be done without any exceptions. The report is on the principles, on which the levels of intensity can be defined.

Twelve of the numerous methodological problems are represented. They appear in the development of the automated systems for control of the mine works at open mines; if these problems are not reported the work of the system can be compromised partially of totally. Shortly those problems could be formulated as follows: 1.The mine is not considered like a system; 2.A management of the model; 3.Hierarchy of proposes and limitations; 4.The depot – a solution or a problem; 5.Attention: literally performance; 6.In prob...

The Environment, Agricultural and Urban management is of valuable importance for Bulgaria, because of the following: п‚· Bulgaria is at transition period now with rapid changes in all fields related to environment, agriculture and urban; п‚· The adoption of the Common Agricultural Policy of the EU by Bulgaria will require precise planning of the agriculture which include knowledge about the soil types and structure, relief characteristics, crop and field statistics, yield forecasting, pests management and other al...

Expenses for maintenance of mine roads at any moment depend on volumes of road surface, needed for laying at the same moment, to transform roads into a usable condition. A method is presented for their quantitative determination toward a series of consecutive moments and principles of statistical modeling are applied for determining the regularities of change of expenses with the time.

This study is about the investigation of socio-economic factors in order to enhance preservation of prominent Basin and Lake Regions. The ongoing joint research and development project in Kucukcekmece Basin, Istanbul, aims to implement an environmental master plan for the region and to establish a coordination department which includes coordination of municipality, government institutions and NGOs each other. In addition, monitoring of the water resources within the basin is an important point of the project. Kucu...

This paper focuses on the potential environmental benefits afforded by use of paste backfill technology when tailings are sulfide-bearing and provides a case study chosen from an underground mine in north-east Turkey in order to illustrate these benefits. Additionally, it includes discussions on different slump values with varying cement contents under 28-day uniaxial compressive strength tests for mine tailings and determines the rheological properties of mine tailings with respect to paste production.

Experimental modeling with the aim of elucidation of the geochemical behaviour of heavy metal pollutants (Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu, Ni, Mn, Fe) and As during interphase processes in metallurgy contaminated area are carried out in 3 aspects: I. Water-soil interaction chemical simulation: 3D –lixiviation of soils and acid rain impact modeling, revealing consequences for a secondary remobilization and increasing the environmental risk for groundwater, vegetables, etc. II. Sorption ability of soils with fixing possibilities, ...

As a part of the national project for the development of sustainable water resources, the geochemical studies on an alluvial aquifer system developed in the vicinity of the Nakdong River were carried out for the feasibility study of river bank filtration in Korea. Through the river bank filtration, we intend to secure the sustainable water resources by increasing river water quality polluted from industrialization and preventing an excessive groundwater extraction from alluvial aquifer with defining the most optim...

World Summit for Sustainable Development (WSSD) in 2002 in Johannesburg formulated approaches to ensure geographi\'\ical information support of the tasks formulated in Action Plan of WSSD. Author of the paper understands sustainable development as a set of equel and necessary aspects: ecological, economical, technological, social, cultural and ethical. The paper is giving overview of existing global and regional (especially Europen) initiatives and projects which all together should be part of sustainable developm...

An option is discussed for creating goal functions for optimizing the expenses for maintenance and repair of mine roads by the means of hyperbolic functions. A transition is presented of the selected hyperbolic functions to a function of decimal liner character and the goal functions are solved parametrically for main betweenrepair schemes.

The degree of toxic metals contamination in water, vegetables and respective soils in the studied area - KCM Smelter site - Plovdiv-Assenovgrad is evaluated in individual and integral aspects. The analytical measurements were performed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES), Jobin Yvon ULTIMA 2. The analysis lines in the determination of impurities were selected in view of spectral interference. Ground, surface, waste - water and some corresponding soil samples were investigated for m...

Brown coal is the only significant domestic fossil raw material, without which the Czech Republic would become fully dependent on energy sources import. More than 70 \% of mined brown coal comes from North Bohemian Basin these days. Open cast brown coal mining has lead to large damage on the landscape. That is why the reclamation work has become important on principle recently. The technology of reclamation passed through qualitative development within the past twenty years. The construction of mine dumps has been...

The Internet management is not an open process, as well as there is a lack of an information flow, where one could benefit from the information using speed,but not from hiding and misusing the latter. To appear through Internet in front of the professor for a diploma or face to face as a half-wit after electroning training. An ecologyc way of life as a balance between the two opportunities. Is the Internet a public space?Who is Internet?

Development of information technologies for the recent years converted the information into a powerful resource, providing more and more various spheres of production. And the new methods of acquiring, managing and saving different types of information created the information systems. Geoinformation systems (GIS) unite a vigorous mechanism for layered information acquiring, separated to two major information flows, respectively - spatial and descriptive, with absolutely automated functional relations. GIS has a co...

An attempt is developed for a new view on the issues of mine auto-roads in opencast mining in consideration of modern tendencies and consequences, accepted as irrevocable requirements. Important directions are outlined for studies and investigations.

Expenditure for repair and maintenance of mine auto-roads in opencast mining is neither planned nor managed. There are opportunities for significant reduction of those expenses in case regularities of change of expenses for current maintenance of are known and adequate between-repair schemes are applied.

With organizing the excavation tehnology of loose raw materials through the boreholes, considering the complexity of technological operation, the most important thing is to calculate technical-technological parameters of exploitation and to make an optimal selection of pump aggregate, pipe line and pulp line, and also to project and construct the equipment for drilling and obtaining of concrete deposit conditions since there is no serial production. Hydromonitor presents its most important part that forms and dire...

Goal functions – economic-mathematical models for minimizing the average annual expenditure for repair and maintenance of mine roads are composed and solved. The models are composed of polynomial functions. Results are presented from the practice of mines “Vitren” EAD and “Opencast mining” – Pernik, EAD.

Paste backfill was first developed by Preussag at the Bad Grund Mine. Filtered tailings were combined with 30 mm heavy media separation tailings to produce a paste backfill. These ingredients were combined and mixed on surface and pumped to the underground mine using two Putzmeister concrete pumps working in parallel. Dry cement was added to the paste mixture just prior to being placed into the stope. The resulting fill then formed the roof for the next cut using an undercut and fill mining method. The experimenta...

In the connection with work on the International project NATO Science for Peace 973739 "Dynamics, evolution and limitation of heavy metal water pollution in the Plovdiv region (Bulgaria)" a complex ecological investigation was accomplished. The main parts of the work have been related to clarification of the hydrogeological peculiarities in order to assess conditions and risk of contamination of the ground waters. For this purposes in the period 2001-2003 a monitoring network for seasonal and monthly observations ...

When planning and landscaping areas to be recultivated after the cessation of mining activities in brown coal opencast mine areas, limiting conditions as regards natural space, economy, technical safety and legal regulations must, in particular, be taken into account. The present features of the landscape have been created by human activity throughout centuries and can only be preserved. The preservation of native fauna and flora is to be ensured by a network of biotopes which will include the zone in front of the...

During the last 20 years, the northern and central part of the Kat county has been affected by many landslides. Especially in very wet years many landslides of different volumes occurred. These mainly affected the rocks which are well known for being prone to slope movements of many types of sizes. The bedrocks of the study area are metabasalts and sedimentary series. These rocks are overlain by younger alluvium and debris materials. Monitoring during the last seven years has indicated that the slopes are still ac...

The PHARE Project “Supervision for closing of the Uranium Mines at Eleshnitza and Dospat” foreseen recultivation of tailing pond at hydrometallurgical plant “Zvezda”Eleshnitza, construction of Waste water treatment plant for drainage waters, and construction of depo for domestic wastes in quarry to mine “Dospat” – Barutin. The radiation protection during the rehabilitation engineering works is carry out in accordance with Inception Report present by Supervisor; the actual standard document; the permi...

In accordance with Tender conditions of Phare Project BG 9904-03-01-01 “Supervision for Closing of the Uranium Mines at Eleshnitza and Dospat” and Inception Report the Radiation Protection Program of the Supervisor are foreseen planning and carrying out of preliminary radioecological monitoring (“zero” monitoring). The goal of this monitoring is receiving of information before the starting of the project for comparison of the effect of improving after the realization of the planed activities. Around the tw...

This study investigates the potential environmental impact of ground vibrations produced from blasting operations performed at AraklД±-TaЕџ\"on\"u limestone quarry where the school, mosque, historic place and village houses are situated. During the study, the parameters of scaled distance were recorded carefully, and the groundvibration components were measured at different locations by suitable monitors for 31 blast events. From the statistical analysis of the results, the general peak particle velocity equation ...

This paper is devoted to a seismotectonic study and earthquake hazard assessment for the Hamadan area. The major faults, active faults and potential seismic sources as well as the moderate and large earthquakes in the region are identified and illustrated in a seismotectonic map. The appropriate attenuation laws are selected according to seismotectonic characteristics of the region and site geology of the area. A model of the earthquake sources are prepared and earthquake hazard analysis has been done for the area...

Exponential functions are very effective for describing the regularities of change of expenses for maintenance of mine automobile roads. The solution of goal functions in their parametrical type is interesting as economic mathematical models are often constituted of goal functions.

The studying area is placed on the surrounding of Ataturk Dam in Bozova (S.URFA) in the southern Turkey. The main lithology of the region starts calcareous marl and upper part is consist of lime stones with crystalline dolomites and chert. In the region there are some important climatic changes which took place during the accumulating water in the lake of the dam. These situations caused many new environmental and agricultural effects. Especially the geochemical features of the lithological unit of the region role...

Every action of human being causes changes in environment. Industrial activities realizing large volume of production affect the environment more. Scientific researches not only produce novelty but also try to find solutions in order to reduce the negative effects of these industrial activities. The countries that are good at utilizing their mineral sources have completed their social development in a short time and taken a place among the developed countries. The mining operations have been causing some changes o...

This paper presents the estimation of ground vibration parameters induced by blasting excavations realized at eight different sites located close to the residential areas. Within the scope of this study, in order to predict peak particle velocity and determine the slope of the attenuation curve for eight sites, ground vibration components were measured for all blast events over a long period. During the study, while the parameters of scaled distance were recorded carefully, the ground vibration components were mea...

In this study, the geological features of the placers in the Aegean region of Turkey and possible processing options for the recovery of precious metals and industrial raw materials were examined. Industrial raw materials present in the placers and their potential for industrial uses were reviewed. A conceptual flow sheet for the production of a bulk concentrates to recover rutile, ilmenite, zircon, hematite, limonite, magnetite, cassiterite and gold contained in the placers concentrate was proposed. Quartz crysta...

Recently, numerous landslides occurred in the southern part of the \"Ozen Dam (Sivas-Turkey) threatening the spillway. Kinematical analyses showed that the potential slope instability direction is NW corresponding to the dominant slope directions. Geotechnical surveys confirmed the rock slopes are highly prone to instability, and failures occurred in the limits between basement rock and debris material in the alteration zone as a planar surface. Pre-existing failures, excavations in the toe of the slopes, low qual...

The full impact of coyote blasting on the environment includes ground vibrations, air blast, fly rock and dust, and these are unavoidable in quarry operations if they are not controlled. The detonation of explosives for rock breakage induces a seismic disturbance that propagates in all directions from the explosion epicentre. In addition to the seismic disturbance, the detonation of explosives causes a transient pressure pulse that is propagated through the atmosphere. This phenomenon has been described in the lit...

The Bulgarian environmental legislation does not formulate special requirements for the performing of baseline environmental studies and the environmental impact assessment of the prospecting and exploration activities for oil and gas. The oil and gas exploration and prospecting activities are usually performed on areas of significant size, and are connected with specific impact on the environment, therefore it is accepted in the good international oil practice to perform obligatory baseline environmental studies ...