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The European mining industry is an active sector. Mining operations disturb large volumes of land and produce huge quantities of waste. The tailings dams of the mining industry occupy large areas representing a huge cost in terms of operation/maintenance, health, safety, environment and economy. This paper is an overview of the possible sustainable waste management strategies that are targeted on the reuse of residues as secondary resources. Therefore, it is focused on restoring mine tailings as inert materials to...

The European mining industry is an active sector. Mining operations disturb large volumes of land and produce huge quantities of waste. The tailings dams of the mining industry occupy large areas representing a huge cost in terms of operation/maintenance, health, safety, environment and economy. This paper is an overview of the possible sustainable waste management strategies that are targeted on the reuse of residues as secondary resources. Therefore, it is focused on restoring mine tailings as inert materials to...

Wheat (Triticum L.) is a cereal which has a unique role in the global economy due to its technological and production value. The aim of this paper was to highlight the variation of the amount of mineral substances from thirty one varieties of wheat grains cultivated in Romania, from various origins such as: Romanian, German, French, Austrian, etc. Twenty-four grains samples were of common wheat (Triticum aestivum), two wheat samples were of Triticum monococcum and five wheat samples were of Triticum spelta. All th...

Apatite ore is a source of phosphorus for the mineral fertilizers production, and one of the most demanded raw materials for today. The growth of processed raw materials increases the volume of stockpiled processing waste. Such secondary mineral deposits are of interest as a potential object to be involved into processing. The paper studies apatite-nepheline processing waste stored in tailing dumps during different temporal periods. The authors have performed a mineralogical and chemical analysis of stored waste s...

The increased content of suspended fine mineral particles in technological and waste waters of mining enterprises and the need to reduce their content to prescriptive concentrations before recycling or discharging into natural water bodies make it necessary to develop new approaches to water conditioning. Despite a variety of existing technological solutions, it’s a problem to select a water conditioning method that simultaneously provides low cost and environmental acceptability. The solution to this task is the ...

The quality of agricultural products grown and collected at the facilities of the agro-industrial complex and the raw materials obtained for various industries largely depends on the ecological state of the geological environments. To quickly eliminate possible contamination, it is necessary to solve the problems of their early detection, localization and forecasting with the help of special technical means. In this aspect, it is promising to use groups of geoelectric control methods that allow to effectively regi...

Technology of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) is used to obtain ligature in Fe-B system. The SHS Technology can also be successfully used for obtaining ligatures from metallurgical waste, which is the subject of investigation in the presented paper. To separate melted alloy of Fe-B and slag of the process, synthesis is carried out in centrifugal machine. Separation degree between melted alloy of Fe-B and slag in the graphite cup inside the rotating reactor, and, therefore, output degree of final ...

Peltier thermoelectric modules (TEM) have a number of key advantages over compressor cooling systems (ease of use for both cooling and heating, high operational characteristics due to the absence of moving parts, etc.). Ensuring smooth and accurate regulation of the TEM temperature regime requires the development and application of effective automatic control systems. To create complex temperature change profiles, it is necessary to increase the order of the control system, which causes a stability problem. To ana...

The Volga is a cascade of lowland reservoirs since 1982. This allows flood prevention, river-sea navigation and hydropower generation. The creation of a cascade of hydropower plants led to the flooding of fertile floodplain lands, a decrease in water quality, and drastic algal blooms in the summer season. The alternative solution includes establishment of combined renewable energy plants containing floating solar and pumped storage plants near the existing hydropower plants. This is tentatively estimated to lower ...

The Article is dedicated to the analysis of alterations that occur in the structural land use in the territory of large cities and to formation of proposals on improvements of the city policy in the area of land use, infrastructure development and ecology. St. Petersburg, that is one of the largest Russian cities, is used as an example for the analysis. However, the tendencies and issues identified in the article may be considered generic for all large cities of Russia. The article is based on the analysis of the ...

By adopting the Multiannual Financial Framework (MMF), the European Union (EU) sets the priorities and objectives for the EU. The achievement of the objectives set out in the multi-annual budget is closely linked to the implementation of the Member States' national policies and strategies, as well as to the programming documents for the administration of the European Investment Funds. In order to track the progress of the EU Member States in the implementation of economic and social cohesion policy, the authors ha...

The article includes estimates to confirm that the energy of the water of the Oka and Volga rivers at their confluence has being sufficient to erode transfer the volume of surrounding sedimentary rocks, and forming a height difference of about 100 m between the right and left banks and creating a unique landscape of stunning beauty and attractiveness. This phenomenon is due to the work of the Coriolis force and therefore is ubiquitous. However, at the confluence of the Oka and Volga rivers the transfer of sediment...

The Volga River is essentially a cascade of reservoirs that provide hydroelectric energy. This technical solution made it possible to produce electricity for industrialization, to ensure the passage of river-sea vessels between five seas and to stop floods on the Volga River. Although often considered a green energy source, there are environmental and economic considerations that should be accounted for in a holistic and sustainable perspective, i.e. a life cycle of ca. 50 years, areal inundation by reservoir wate...

At present, in time of sustainable environment, people views are increasingly focused on the energy performance of buildings. In recent years, there has been a huge increase in the rate of insulation of buildings. Thermal insulation of facades and roofs of buildings has been theoretically mastered and practically realized. Recently, we have also encountered thermal insulation of foundation structures to prevent heat leakage through massive concrete foundation structures into the subgrade. As clear from the availab...

Present paper is a brief story about Bulgarian efforts to integrate data, products and services in Bulgaria into a newly established scientific infrastructure named a National Geoinfomation Center (NGIC) and its efforts to assess and communicate the information about natural hazards and risks to the general public. We started two years ago with the ambitious goal of uniting our observations and research in the area of monitoring and investigation of the Earth’s interior and the near-Earth space. The instrumental u...

The seismicity of Romania is significantly affected by earthquakes produced by the Vrancea seismic source with intermediate depth events (3 shocks/century with magnitude Mw greater than 7.0). The seismic activity on the Romanian territory consists of both shallow and intermediate-depth earthquakes. The crustal seismicity is moderate and more scattered in comparison with the intermediate-depth one. The recent upgrade of the seismic network in Romania with high dynamic range velocity sensors (150 real time seismic s...

Hydrogen production plays an important role in the decarbonization of energy used in all sectors. It can be used as an environmentally friendly raw material, fuel or energy carrier. According to Hydrogen Roadmap Europe (2019), the total amount of hydrogen used in the EU is 339 TWh. The largest share falls on the refining processes (153 TWh) and the chemical industry (for the production of ammonia and methanol - a total of 156 TWh). The highest quota has the refining processes (153 TWh) and the chemical industry (f...

One of problems in terrain surveys in geology and archeology is sample obtaining. Among all possible complications are limits in sample volumes and masses, including possible toxicity or radioactivity and also the legal status of the samples. In his contribution, these problems are addressed by application of microsampling by surface exfoliation of geological objects and archaeologic artifacts using various tapes and subsequent analyses of the resulting samples. Among method used were both optical and electron mic...

RDF (Refuse Derived Fuel) is obtained from the highly combustible components of household and industrial waste. RDF is mainly used in European countries with a high standard for waste recycling, such as Austria, Germany and the Netherlands. A method for the synthesis of carbon materials and composites based on RDF, coal pitch, petroleum coke and others has been developed. Some of the used components of RDF are: cardboard, polyethylene and polypropylene. The first step in the synthesis process is oxidation, perform...

An important problem in solving inverse problems in seismology associated with determining the characteristics of a seismic source is obtaining a priori information about the propagation velocities of seismic waves. Along with such factors as the of external noise levels, the geometry of arrangement of the receivers, the parameters of the Earth model, etc., the degree of completeness of information about the velocity characteristics of the medium determines the accuracy of the inverse problem solution. It is espec...

The nature of their work places intervention and rescue personnel at the top of professions that face a considerable number of occupational health and safety risks, which are sometimes unavoidable. Often, this occupational category does not face a single safety risk, but a complex combination of risk factors, including unpredictability of situations in which they are required to work. The growing issue of protecting emergency workers against occupational health and safety risks has been highlighted as a priority b...

Food biotechnology is one of the green and fast developing segment of the industry among the others dealing with renewable plant raw materials processing and new functional food production to improve human health in deteriorating environmental situation. Annually, the number of studies aimed at proving the prebiotic properties of certain substances or compositions is increased, which leads to a huge accumulation of scientific information. The divergence in techniques for prebiotic activity assessment cause the fac...

The use of indicator methods in oil and gas field geology allows us to obtain representative quantitative information about the direction and velocity of fluid movement in the studied formations, to assess the main filtration parameters and the presence of inter-reservoir flows, as well as reliable information about the technical condition of wells. The use of indicators (tracers) is based on the injection of water (or an aqueous solution of the reagent) labeled with a stable or radioactive indicator and subsequen...

Antibacterial preparations are widely used in agriculture worldwide to achieve a wide range of effects, including therapeutic and preventive ones; they are also used as forage additives to stimulate animal growth. Since the issue related to the development of antibiotic-resistant microorganism strains has become vital, the use of antibiotics in agriculture is strictly regulated. Thus, in the European Union (EU) countries and Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) countries, antibacterial preparations can be used in treatm...

Calculation of normal heights and differences from known geopotential numbers and differences in geodetic practice is required when performing independent calculations: for control of levelling network adjustment made with different type heights – normal and geopotential; when using optical clocks technology for geopotential difference determinations; when performing precise engineering and geodetic works. It is well known that between two height types - normal heights and geopotential numbers exists theoretical e...

The present paper aims to investigate the opening up of the forest complex Maries -Limenaria of the island of Thassos in Greece and its environmental impacts. Firstthe study of the conditions of the forest road network of the mountain forestcomplex of Maries-Limenaria was done, then the assessment of the environmentalimpacts of the opening up of the above-mentioned complex, by investigating theintensity of the above impacts on the natural environment and the ability of theforest ecosystem to absorb these impacts o...

The purpose of the study is to find the optimal ratio of the equity and debt capital for one of the enterprises of the Russian coal industry using proposed optimization model of the capital structure. In the recent years Russian coal companies endured external and internal challenges connected with access restrictions to the international capital markets due to sanctions and tightening environmental regulations, as well as all time relevant problems of increasing returns and economic benefits from equity capital. ...

The objective of this research is to optimize the volume of laboratory tests of physical and mechanical properties of soil. Today, the solution to geomechanical and mining technological problems has the form of functional or statistical relationships, reasoned by the physical parameters of soils (density, moisture, strength properties, acoustic indicators, etc.). The calculations use the average values or estimates of these parameters obtained from statistical processing of multiple laboratory or field test data. ...

Traffic congestion is an important problem in transport systems. The reason for traffic jams is the growing number of vehicles. It is objective and irreparable. Many roads do not have the ability to separate at different levels and have to cross. Most intersections use traffic lights to regulate traffic. Traffic light regulation is a non-stationary, non-linear problem under conditions of uncertainty. Most traffic lights nowadays use fixed time intervals. It is necessary that traffic lights monitor traffic flows at...

Oxyethylated compounds are used as reagents-regulators in the flotation of non-sulfide ores, in particular, apatite ores. Thus, the necessary degree of selectivity in the flotation separation of two calcium minerals of apatite and calcite is achieved only by using, in addition to a collector, regulators-reagents from the nonylphenol ethoxylates class. In order to establish the most optimal structures, this paper presents a comparative assessment of the physical-chemical and flotation properties of several classes ...

The authors were the first to study the main parameters of the mineral metabolism of plants that grow in the Plast Region of the Chelyabinsk Oblast in biogeocenosis with different technogenic impact. The study included the samples of plants taken from the surface of the Novotroitsk tailing dump of the gold-arsenic deposit and similar samples from the reference areas (>15 km from the technogenic formation). The samples of spring sedge (Carex praecox), feather grass (Stipa pennata), poison hemlock (Conium maculatum)...

The intensive development of remote sensing and unmanned aerial vehicles, and the accessibility of small drones, provide excellent opportunities for shallow water bathymetric surveys on the northern Bulgarian Black Sea coast. The combination of erosional/abrasional and depositional natural coastal types allows testing and assessing the efficiency of aerial surveys for bathymetric mapping. The Bay of Chernomorets is an excellent opportunity to combine data from single-beam sonar, multi-beam sounding and shooting wi...

In the area of transport infrastructures, spontaneous vegetation is exposed to a considerable safety risk and combated by chemical or mechanical means [1]. Glyphosate is one of the most widely used agents worldwide. Glyphosate is harmful to the environment and to health; As a result, alternative and environmentally friendly solutions are being researched in many places [2]. As part of the research project Green Logix of the Carinthia University of Applied Sciences, an analysis of the plant growth with different ro...

This article aims to present the process of obtaining the modern photogrammetric products such as orthophotomap, digital terrain model, regarding surface mining in open pit mining and quarries. The authors also want to present current technologies in photogrammetry, data processing using graphics stations and digital processing of data obtained by using UAV systems with a fully integrated RTK module that provides real-time centimetric position information to achieve very high accuracy of meta-information in images...

Sewerage networks form an integral part of urban infrastructure. It is necessary to reconsider the outdated concept of sewer networks and rainwater management in cities that do not meet sustainable development ideas. The new understanding of rainwater management needs to be adapted to the new environmental conditions caused by climate change. The occurrence of pluvial floods has recently become an increasingly common phenomenon. The reasons are outdated sewer networks, rapid urbanization, an increase in impervious...

Recently, there have been cases of lower durability related to concrete pavements in the transport infrastructure in the Czech Republic. One of the main causes seems to be the increased amount of alkalis in the concrete, which may not have come only from individual components or through winter maintenance. This paper describes a research activity which deals with possibilities of alkali attack from the surrounding environment. The pilot testing provides valuable information on alkalis concentrations in real condit...

The article discusses the possibility of using permanganate oxidizable carbon (POxC, active carbon) as a comprehensive indicator for assessing the state of oil contaminated soils and bottom sediments. POxC has recently emerged as a standardized indicator of active, labile carbon within soil quality frameworks. According to the study, the application of this indicator of the ecological wellbeing of water body is possible since bottom sediments and soils are complex natural biogeochemical barrier zones. Bottom sedim...

The UNESCO Global Geopark network is expanding. Geoparks are intended to play important roles in sustainable development. For this to happen, new sites geopark establishment need to be carefully evaluated. In addition, protection and maintenance of heritage and sustainability within established geoparks requires effective monitoring. Modern geographic information system (GIS) technologies have a lot to offer for effective landscape-scale assessments and monitoring of geo park territories. However, little attention...

Green roofs can provide a number of benefits in urban areas, including mitigation of heat islands, reduction of urban air pollution, CO2 sequestration, noise reduction, water retention, absorption of pollutants in rainwater runoff, acid rain buffering, etc. The aim of the study is to map the land cover and assess some of the potential benefits of retrofitting green roofs in a residential area in Plovdiv, Bulgaria. The survey covers Yuzhen (South) Quarter, with an area of 31.33 ha. According to the General Developm...

The Covid-19 pandemic has produced another era on the planet while we sort out the outcomes in various parts of our everyday life. The food sector and food supply chain do not incorporate an exception. In Latvia, the agricultural and food sector is important for the national economy; therefore, it is important that production, processing, logistics, supply and trade disruptions are successfully overcome during the pandemic and the food sector develops rapidly after the crisis and is more resilient in the future. T...

Based on the palynological analysis of the bottom sediment column of the arctic lake with the code name K1 of the Yerkuta river basin from the southwestern part of the Yamal Peninsula, we received a preliminary information on climatic changes, as well as on changes in vegetation character in the area around the water body. Reconstruction of vegetation around the lake has identified the development of a brush-grass-moss tundra. Shrubs are represented by Betula sect. Nana, Alnaster, Salix sp., Ericaceae. Herbaceous ...

The future of the energy industry has been one of the most important problems in both domestic and world politics for many years. This is due to the legal conditions relating directly to the energy sector, resulting from the climate and energy policy focused on actions in the field of climate protection. Poland is a unique country in comparison to other European Union countries, the energy balance of which mainly, because in over 86% of the electricity produced, comes from hard coal and lignite. This unique and un...

This article will present the main problems related to the reaction of the regional economy during the pandemic COVID-19 in the Republic of Bulgaria. The focus of the study is on the response of the regional economy, as it provides immediate protection against the direct risks to the lives of the local population, such as the spread of disease, the fight against rising unemployment or the deepening of poverty, especially in the smaller settlements, which are at the same time lagging regions. The development of a w...

The Bulgarian northern Black Sea coast is affected by many landslides. Several geodynamic networks have been built to study landslide processes in the northern Black Sea coast. Landslide research is important, as these phenomena can lead to great material damage. Their destructive impact on buildings, engineering structures and disturbances in the resilience of the earth's crust causes enormous economic, environmental, social and other damage, and often takes human lives. A modern tool for monitoring landslides is...

In Russia, petroleum and petrochemical sectors are closely related: most leading hydrocarbon exploration companies own installations producing organic substances and polymers for the domestic and international markets. Recent transition of Russian economy to Best Available Techniques (BAT) in 2021 is followed by the regulation of greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. Moreover, the sector experiences pressure due to the necessity to boost recycling of plastics and, in the near future, to reduce their production. Accord...

The magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC) as an alternative to commonly used Portland cement (PC) has been intensively studied in the past decade. Compared to PC it is more environmentally sustainable and it can be considered as CO2-neutral due to the low calcination temperature of the raw materials and its ability to absorb CO2 from the atmosphere. The objective of this paper was to develop a composite material based on MOC, containing partially oxidized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (partially oxidized MWCNTs) in o...

The Brown Coal Research Institute j. s. c. is realising the long term research and survey in the field of restoration problems and it is realising the long term research of climate changes in the Czech Republic including impacts to mining operations during research programme of the European Union TEXMIN solving too. The input of expected temperature increasing and precipitation decreasing is favourable for mining operation from point of view of overburden and mining cuts stability, safety of mining and mining cost...

Current context in which the emphasis is on promoting the circular economy, due to environmental policies, the food industry is constrained to develop new strategies to reduce food waste. The beer industry generates significant amounts of by-products that are often incorporated into animal feed or aquaculture. Yeast, the second by-product of the brewing process is generated in large quantities of 1.5 kg to 3 kg/100 L of beer produced. By using various purification processes, the residual brewer's yeast can be easi...

Crimea is a water-stressed region with intermittent spatial and temporal distribution of water resources. Water demand covers by reservoirs, fields of pumping wells, and taping springs. Groundwater resources of the region are estimated as 1216 thousand m3/d or 0.54 L/sec/km2, in the Crimean Mountains ? 1-2 L/sec/km2, so they are concentrated in a relatively small area. Methods to increase water supply, like conjunctive use of surface and groundwater, managed artificial recharge, seawater desalination, are used in ...

The major part of the radiation dose, which humans receive from natural radioactivesources, originate due to radon and its decay products inhalation. Indoor radon poses asubstantial threat to human health when build-up occurs in confined spaces such ashomes, mines and caves. The health risk increases with the duration of radon exposureand it is also proportional to the radon concentration. Tourist caves are a case of specialenvironmental conditions that may be affected by high radon concentration. The aim ofthe wo...