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INTRODUCTION Within the scope of the recently started initiative SAFEMANMIN under 6th Framework Programme, a preliminary report about methods used for the characterization of mining wastes in several Eli countries (Austria, Italy, Greece, Poland, Norway, Spain, France, Germany, Bulgaria and Romania) has been complied. This study is based on the Reference Document on Best Available Techniques of Tailings and Waste-Rocks in Mining Activities, prepared by the IPPC Office in Seville (July 2004). It aims on establishin...

The paper applies the transport costs calculation technique as a decision making support tool of municipal solid waste management and logistics in a case study of the city of Koљice, Slovakia.

This paper presents the results of ground vibration analysis induced by blasting during the construction of the Istanbul Kadık\"oy-Kartal metro tunnel. Different rock formations in this tunnel route which is 21,6 km in length were encountered during the excavation with blasting. As a first stage, Test site is divided into 3 main regions with respect to lithology changes in the rock units and Hoek’s Geological Strength Index value of these rock units. In the first region representing S8 shaft tunnels, 59 events in ...

WATER-MAP is a 2-year project funded under the Community Initiative INTERREG III B ARCHIMED and implemented by nine partners from six countries (Greece, Italy, Malta, Cyprus, Turkey, and Palestinian Authority). The project looks at the topic of integrated groundwater resources management. The aim is to provide scientifically reliable information to the local authorities in order to develop optimal spatial development strategies. Within the framework of the project, vulnerability maps are generated in order to dete...

Shoreline change rate is the most critical feature of the coastal area because it reveals future harmful impacts driven by long-term climate changes and episodic events. Since the coastal zone is one of a nation’s greatest environmental and economic assets, the best methodology, as far as accuracy is concerned, estimating the rate of change of a shoreline is an open question. The accuracy both of the geoinformation used and the computed change rate is of crucial importance. The purpose of the present paper is to u...

In our paper, the investigations have focused on observations regarding the physiological and biochemical changes on the horse-chesnut’s (Aesculus hippocastanum L.) leaves during their ontogenetic cycle under the influence of the atmosphere pollutants (sulphur dioxide, chlorine, ammoniac, lime or cement powders). The foliar chlorosis and necrosis represent the clear manifestation of deep physiological modifications, as well as severe structural alterations, which affect the average content of water, dry matter, an...

The present work discusses the synthesize of sintered granite–like glass-ceramics obtained by vitrification of hazardous industrial wastes. The chemical resistance of parent wastes and glasses were classified by the toxic characteristics leaching procedure (TCLP), whereas the crystallization behaviour was evaluated by DTA and XRD. The thermal and mechanical properties of final glass-ceramics were also measured and discussed. The obtained glass-ceramics have attractive appearance, elevate chemical durability and me...

In the open-pit mining industry, trucks and shovels are the mining technology of choice; however, it is widely recognized that the operation of these trucks and shovels contributes significantly to the overall operation cost. Fortunately, there exist many opportunities to reduce the cost of the truck and shovel operation. Chador-malu iron ore mine has been exploited since 1997. This deposit is located in the North-East of Yazd province and reserve of this deposit is about 400 million tons. At present, there is a n...

This paper summarizes potential modern technologies for large scale power generation based on lignite which should be used in Kosova. A part of the study was done to review modern power plant technologies currently available potential technical concepts for large scale power generation on lignite taking in account their high moisture contents. Reference is also be made to the importance of low rank coals-lignite in the international scene. The combination of the high moisture content and high reactivity of low lig...

The filtering of binary images containing graphic and text information possesses typical peculiarities and uses heuristic processing procedures. At the same time the application of grey level methods for processing of digital images gives a lot of advantages. It is introduced an approach for the processing of binary images that is based on the adaptation of algorithms for grey level images like boundary detection, contour tracing, and line tinning. It is made the comparison of methods for binary filtering and corr...

The leaching conditions of galena (PbS) concentrate in nitric acid (HNO3) medium containing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were investigated in this study. Effects of stirring speed in the range of 0 to 600 rpm, nitric acid concentration in the range of 0.1 to 2.0 M, hydrogen peroxide concentration in the range of 0.25 to 2.0 M, leaching temperature in the range of 23 to 60°C, particle size range of -212 +106, -106 +75, -75 +45 $\mu$m on lead dissolution were investigated. According to obtained results, it was determine...

One of the deepest excavations in Sofia history are related to Sofia Metro Expansion project, in the section between the future Metro Stations 8 (Sofia University) and 9 (Vasil Levsky Stadium). In this section the metro tunnels are being driven with the help of a tunnel boring machine delivered by the Japanese company “Taisei Corporation”. One of the deepest locations is nearby Vasil Levsky Stadium where the ventilation shaft is situated. According to the design, the depth of the ventilation shaft is 21 m. The hyd...

Few algorithms are available for economic optimization of stope boundaries and underground mining area. The algorithms may be classified as rigorous and heuristic. The rigorous algorithms are those which benefit from the mathematical proof and provide the true optimal solution according to the conditions and environment they are applied. The heuristic algorithms are based on searching for the optimal solution according to some rules. They may not guarantee to find the true optimum but provide the approximate solut...

This report describes the morphogenesis of the cyathium in two subspecies of Euphorbia myrsinites L. occurring in the flora of Romania related to the vascular transition. Our histo-anatomical researches established the origin of the vascular system in the different parts of the cyathium (involucre, nectary glands, monostaminate male flowers and female flower).

Collection, transport, transfer, recycling and proper disposal of solid waste is an essential issue for the local authorities of large metropolitan areas. Turkey, especially in the metropolitan cities like Konya, has been combatting with the same problem, changing the institutional structure of the national policy and the necessary legislation about the solid waste management and the implementation of the recyling-recovery programs to reduce the amount of the solid waste to be disposed of at the sanitary landfills...

To implement large-scale multiagent systems (MAS) in the paper is proposed a new system design methodology towards environment-centered design. The interaction of blocks that compound the structure of multiagent system for environment processes is described. These links consist in system simulation, where agents and human-controlled units coexist in virtual space to jointly perform simulations and augmented experiment. As an application of environment-centered design, environment embedded agents for a large-scale ...

The article describes electrolytic waste water treatment methods which were applied for industrial waste water treatment, particularly from energy industry, leaking mining waste waters, color waters from different industries and for municipal waste waters.

Extraction of vanadium, nickel and iron contained in spent catalyst coming from the manufacture of sulfuric acid (main elemental composition: 3.5\% V; 0.63\% Ni and 7.9\% Fe) was studied. The effects of roasting and leaching temperature, concentration of the leaching reagent, reaction time and pulp density on the extraction of vanadium, nickel and iron were determined. Sulfuric acid was used as leaching reagent. ANOVA was used to find out the optimal leaching conditions and to analyze the results. The results obta...

In the long term, there are no alternatives to an environmentally compatible mode of production and consumption. Global warming, the loss (depletion) of stratospheric ozone and tropical forests, marine pollution and soil erosion, world-wide air pollution and the world-wide loss of biodiversity can no longer be denied. Only if every individual adapts his or her activities to the limits of our environment, can the targets presented here be achieved. In the debate on consumption patterns in industrialized societies i...

Technological developments in 20 and 21 centuries have highered up standards of living and created welfare and more comfortable living conditions for mankind. However, together with the increasing world population, environmental problems have also increased and diversified based on various reasons. Therefore, with the aim of solving the existing air, water and earth pollution problems and taking them under control, laws and regulations have been put into force and announced both internationally and domestically. T...

Wastewater treatment plant design calculation is complex and time-consuming task. The person who is in charge of calculations should be sure about the criterias about the unit to be sized and should use appropriate inputs. Vital point of design is generally using the best input within the range to have more sensible results. Web based design calculations of wastewater treatment plant software has been coded. PHP and JavaScript languages have been used to achieve these advantages. With the aid of error checking, th...

In this study, first the stability of a drilled well for oil production from a reservoir in the Asmary formation region of Iran using a finite different numerical method was assessed. Some sections of various well plunges were done. For each section, displacement, maximum major stresses, safety factor, and plastic zone condition around well using the mentioned numerical method were estimated. According to the results of the programme, summarized that the vertical well in relation to the horizontal well was in a be...

Gold mining is attracting increasing attention in many countries of the world, although it has a major impact on the environment. Large quantities of hazardous chemicals such as mercury or sodium cyanide are consumed to recover gold from its ores. Therefore, this activity should be carefully regulated by means of global directives based on an up-to-date knowledge of ecotoxicity principles and modern environmental standards. In light of recent developments in world gold mining, Turkiye has caught the attention of f...

Petrophysical evaluation is one of the important stages in petroleum exploration activities and reservoir analysis. When a log is missing in a drilling well, petrophysiests hope to deduce it from other logs available in another part of the well or in neighboring wells, in order to define true petrophysic evaluation for corresponding well. This paper presented here, is an artificial neural networks (ANNs) modeling in one of the carbonate reservoirs in the south west of Iran. In this study, three separate ANN are ap...

Vitrinite reflectance (\%Ro) analysis is the major method in definition of thermal maturity of sediments. The rock katagenetic alterations can also delineate the thermal history of well sections, structures, zones and sedimentary basins as shown in this case study for North Bulgaria. The well R-1 Dragana data modeling visualizes a local heat flow, temperature and vitrinite reflectance distribution in geological time. Additionally, the geohistory analyses define the exact period of oil and gas generation from persp...

The Dalmatian region is a karst region built of Mesozoic limestone and dolomites. In the four Dalmatian counties aggregates and natural stone is quarried at 155 sites and there are 73 abandoned sites. A GIS based model on map-correlation and map-integration processes was used in order to define relationships between spatial layers and combine predictor factors in supporting a hypothesis. The response variable is the set of point locations of current aggregate and natural stone quarries (termed training sites), and...

In this paper it has been assessed the current situation of the old vestige material deposits created during the Pb-Zn concentrate production process. Flotations of Stant\"erg, Kishnica and Albanik, have exposed those vestige materials in the open surface field and are treated as main source of the air contamination in Mitrovica and surroundings, Kizhnica and Albanik. The results which make powerful the opinion that application of the hydro filling method of exploitation in all Trepca mines are shown as well, sinc...

In this study, the region of Aladağlar-Mazmılı (Adana) has been selected as research area and covering on area of 95 square kilometers. A number of anatical methods including Attarberg, XRD, XRF and ICP have been employed to characterize representative samples collected from the soils developed partially weathered country rocks with respect to their chemical and mineralogical contents. Soil horizons did not well developed on the limesstone and ultramafic parent roks that include mainly harzburgite-dunite, ophyolit...

The main purpose of this work was to analyze possibilities for application of lignite byproducts- fly ash from Kosova Power Plants in other industry branches and for filling of old underground mines and see the positive impact in environmental protection. The Kosova lignite-fired power generation industry produces millions tones of fly ash each year. Only small amount of this fly ash is used, with most being considered a waste. This waste must be disposed of in an environmentally acceptable way at a cost which is ...

The uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) of rocks is an important parameter used in rock mechanics studies. The standard test procedures in order to determine UCS value has been developed by ISRM and ASTM. According to these standards, the tests should be carried out on core samples but they say that the tests should be also being carried out on cube samples. There are a lot of papers published about the size effect of intact core samples. According to the articles and standards, the length (l) - diameter (d) ratio...

The crack propagation researches carried out on rock and rock mass are important in mining, petroleum and natural gas engineering studies. It is assumed that crack propagation is an important design parameter in underground and open-pit mining applications. It has positive effects in some mining activities such as drilling, blasting, excavating, block caving but also negative effects due to cracks formed around mine roadways, tunnels and in landslides. In this research, the marble and travertine were selected as n...

The effectiveness of methane drainage lies in the implementation of a process to siphon methane gas (from the ground) to create a source for fueling electric power generation. This process can be seen on the principle of BAT (“Best Available Technology”). Applied BAT when combined within an effective and efficient Environmental Management System results in benefit to both the environment and profitability. In India too, methane in recent time has been accepted as a gas fuel of future. Although lagging behind in th...

In these report we represent the researches made by on original method for determination of the hydraulic friction factor in case of gas transport in gas distribution system. We made comparative analyses of results received by: the theoretical determination of the hydraulic friction factor, its experimental determination and the mathematic model of the process. The stend of experimental determination of aerodynamic loss is development. On the basis of the analysis and obtained result is defused a formula of analyt...

On the basis of integrated geomechanical research, techniques for partial recovery of protective coal pillars have been developed that increased appreciably extraction ratio of mineral deposit. Proposed standard pillar recovery techniques are based on the use of modern augering machines. Use of such machines in combination with UkrNIMI accumulated potential and practical experience in the field of assessment of stressedly deformed and gas-dynamic states of coal-rock mass has made it possible to eliminate any damag...

This paper has been accomplished in the framework of Diminish Project (LIFE03 ENV/ RO/000539) within the Life Environment Program. In accord with the Water Framework Directive the nutrient management is a decisive factor for increase the water quality. In this respect the Diminish on-line system, based on GIS database and modeling approach and using Open-GIS technology, allows diminishing uncertainties related to basin management. The Bistrita River (283 km length, 7039 km2) had proven to be specifically sensitive...

It’s explored and analyzed experience for treating of building refuse’s at the world in cities with over 500000 populations. It’s collected and systematized dates for existing quantities of building refuse’s for last 3 years at the area of Sofia city. There are shown a technological process and choosing a machine group for rehabilitation of building refuse’s. There are made economical analyze for competitive power between rehabilitation and store in depot.

This study presents preliminary results of our study on the kaolinisation of Tertiary magmatic units in the Biga Peninsula. Volcanic and intrusive rocks of Tertiary age crop out in the vicinity of the Harmancık and \"U\ccpınar villages of \cCanakkale country, Lapseki town. Volcanic rocks consist of andesites, basalts and rhyolites, whereas intrusive rocks consist of granitic plutons. The granitic intrusions cut the volcanic rocks. Kaolin deposits appears to have formed within the andesitic rocks. The kaoline depos...

Each employee has a unique potential, which need to be stimulated due to be most productive. Education is an important factor for this stimulation. Only well educated employees are real competitive advantage for the company. In the year 2006 we have realized research study of educational needs of tourism organization in Koљice region. We tried to identify factors, which are necessary for the real development of tourism. In the study we have found areas, in which human resources needs to be strengthened. The follow...

Air pollution is a growing environmental problem in the major cities of the world due to growing urbanization, motorization and industrialization, Kathmandu valley is not exception. In the valley (Kathmandu, Lalitpur and Bhaktrapur cities), quantity of Particulate Matter (PM10) is higher than WHO guideline (20 $\mu$g/m3 per year \&50 $\mu$g/m3 per 24 hour). This paper presents four years (2003-2006) monitoring and analysis of PM10 from 6 different stations of Kathmandu valley as well as tried to correlate among PM...

The stability problems in 73 meters height of dolomite wall cause to starting an empirical estimation for early step of slope optimization. In this paper, three rock classification systems (RQD, RMR and SMR) are utilized for assessment of dolomite wall failures in the 6th Golbini Jajarm bauxite mine. The SMR (slope mass rating) geo-mechanics classification system, is adaptation of RMR (rock mass rating) for slopes. In first step, joint study and site investigation carried out for RQD (rock quality designation) and...

Fly rock is one of the reluctant phenomenon in blasting operation. Several factors are effective in producing fly rock. As a whole, these factors can be divided into two groups; controllable parameters (blasting pattern) and uncontrollable parameters (geo-mechanical characteristics). One of the most important controllable parameters in blasting operation is blast hole diameter. Proper diameter is the diameter which is optimum from technical and economical point of view. Normally, statistical methods can be used fo...

The long-going petroleum exploitation in the Section Cocu determined the increase of chloride concentrations in groundwater. The aquifer system in this area comprises four aquifers, with different extensions, separated by semipervious units. The third and the fourth aquifer are more extended. The third aquifer is in direct relationship with potential pollution sources, such as oil wells and oil pipelines and it is drained by the River Cotmeana. Several monitoring wells were drilled for the purpose of this study, p...

Most of the coastal zones in Europe are under the high level of anthropogenic pressure. Intensive use can lead to a devaluation of the natural capital of these zones and negatively affect the social and economic balance. These issues cannot be solved by the South-Eastern Baltic Region States separately (e.g. common natural and cultural heritage, transfers of pollutants and sediments, tourist flows, maritime safety) and requires international collaboration. One of the ways to ensure sustainable development of the c...

In this paper, we investigate the the lateral displacement of a Gaussian beam by a conductive thin slab is investigated. A description of the Gaussian beam and a lateral displacement of Gaussian beam at a conductive thin slab is given. We construct a plane wave representation of a Gaussian beam incident upon a homogeneous, lossless, isotropic conductive slab. The waves inside and outside the slab are solved analitically by matching the conductive boundary conditions at the interface. Numerical results including th...

Checking the quality of blasting is considered an essential matter in surface mining, and requires measuring objective parameters. One of these parameters is the results of the blasted product. Numerous fragmentation “measuring” systems have been developed and marketed, based on image-processing. In this study, the GoldSize system was used to determine the size distribution of rock fragments in Sarcheshmeh Copper complex mine, Iran. The effects of size of rock samples and imaging method on image analysis are inves...

This case study presented herein compares the landslide susceptibility mapping methods of frequency ratio (FR), logistic regression and artificial neural networks (ANN) applied in the Kat county (Tokat-Turkey). Digital Elevation Model (DEM) was first constructed using a GIS software. Parameter maps affecting the slope stability such as; geology, faults, drainage system, topographical elevation, slope angle, slope aspect, topographic wetness index (TWI) and stream power index (SPI) were then produced from DEM of th...

Noise is an important factor affecting human health psychologically due to lack of performance, hearing failures, decreases in heart beats, physiologically due to higher brain liquid pressure and sociologically due to lack of communication. Especially in closed working areas, it has significant negative effects on the performance. Noise control in closed working areas is generally done with boron added cellulosic mixture sprayed on the structure or surfaces with required thicknesses. In this study, noise was gener...