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The crystalline basement of the Tatar arch located in the eastern part of the East European Platform (Russia) is composed of the metamorphic rocks of different composition and genesis. The Tatar arch consists of two blocks of the basement. The North Tatar and the South Tatar blocks are separated by a faults system. The South Tatar arch is a granite-gneiss core of the basement. It is composed of Archaean-Proterozoic metamorphic complexes of rocks (granite-gneisses, gneisses, migmatites and granulite-gneisses). The ...

The reinforcement of ceramic composites with the help of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is used to increase and stabilize the mechanical properties of composites based on silicon carbide, such as strength, fracture toughness and modulus of elasticity. To save the properties and reduce the synthesis temperature of ceramics based on silicon carbide, an aluminum-magnesian spinel is introduced into the matrix. A nanocomposite with a matrix of silicon carbide (SiC) and spinel (MgAl2O4) and with a CNT content of 1-3% by weight...

The low head hydropower development ?Capra VI and VII? consists of two small hydropower (SHP) stations accomplished in sequence on the homonym stream in Arge? County, center Romania, each of them less than 1MW. The SHPs, study case for this paper, follow the European directives regarding the water, the environment and the green energy. Their accomplishment was based on the existing delimitation of the minor river bed for which it was noticed that the ichthyofaunal environmental conditions are not entirely achieved...

Light hydrocarbons migrate from the petroleum accumulations to the Earth?s surface through faults, fractures and horizons with increased permeability. The occurrence of light hydrocarbons in the near-surface zone forms the basis for the surface geochemical methods. These methods are divided into two groups: direct and indirect. The paper presents the results of ?free-gas? method (concentrations of light hydrocarbons and non-hydrocarbon components in the soil gas samples), and also values of pH and calcite content ...

The article presents the results of the research of existing of free energy in the nature and describes the methodology and laboratory researches. The authors presented and described 3 options of laboratory samples to research the free energy in the form of a potential on different materials. In the 1st option is presented and described the results of research of the coil placed in the water. Based on investigation it is noticed that the coil placed in water does not allows to obtain the noticeable voltage. In the...

The history of the welded steel structures in Romania and in the world is the starting point for the construction of mega-steel structures for nowadays. In order to understand the way of the welded steel structures is achieved, we need to know the history of the welded steel structures in each country and especially in our country. The paper will present the history of the welded steel structures in Romania from viaducts, steel bridges or even mega steel structures from the early 1900s. Also, the paper will presen...

Using of biodegradable cellulose fibers in the packaging products production reduces needs in synthetic materials for these purposes. Softwood kraft fibers are widely used for cardboard and paper products production because of their high characteristic strength and good paper-forming properties. Recycling of fibers decreases their strength. It happens partly due to the removal of xylan, which plays an important role in interfiber bonds formation in a paper sheet. A priority task is to increase the number of cycles...

The safety of hydrotechnical structures is a very important element that must enter the concerns of designers and society in general, given the fact that these are important works , with large investments. In the case of their distruction due to accidents, other activities from the area, the settlements and human lives may be strongly affected. These accidents are called hydrological hazards. [9] Breaking earth dams accidents do not occur suddenly but almost always there are signs of danger that would allow prelim...

Industrial ventilation and air conditioning systems aim at ensuring the air purity and microclimate conditions of the human activity and the nature of the technological process. These ventilation systems help in maintaining work capacity, removing occupational illnesses, increasing the labour productivity and the quality of work-related products. The structure of ventilation systems in spaces and industrial premises requires a thorough knowledge of the technological processes that take place, of the equipment and ...

The study was conducted to find out how the structure and diversity of microbiomes in buried soils differ from those in surface soils, and can analysis of microbial DNA from buried soils be used as a tool for paleoecological reconstructions. Samples were taken from buried soils under earthworks (burial mounds or earth fortifications) of different age, and from surface soils of the same area. Total DNA was extracted, and bacterial, archaeal and fungal abundance (by ribosomal genes qPCR) and prokaryotic biome struct...

The development of a model for estimating and predicting the dynamics of plankton in a lake-type reservoir, depending on the meteorological and hydrophysical parameters, is carried out in the Nizhny Novgorod State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering in 2014-2018. Model for quantitative description of biomass production depending on solar radiation and temperature was developed. The influence of water stratification on algae blooming was investigated on the basis of systematic procedures for the quanti...

Carrying out scientific experiments and field observations requires systematization, coordinated storage and possibility of online analytical processing of primary data to obtain consistent results and to discovery new knowledge. The article presents an approach to building a model-driven system based on the software platform of primary data collection and analysis. An approach to the constructing the control model of the data consolidation system based on the analysis of data description in the context of the sta...

In Poland, keeping a register of areas threatened by mass movements and landslides monitoring is the responsibility of the staroste1 resulting from the provisions of the Environmental Protection Law and the Regulation of the Minister of the Environment. Pursuant to the Act, the staroste is obliged to observe areas threatened by mass movements of land and areas where these movements occur. According to the Regulation, "for areas endangered by mass movements and areas where these movements occurred, a monitoring is ...

The reliable determination of solid material thermal properties (thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and heat capacity) are significant for various industries. Knowledge of thermophysical characteristics of reservoir rocks is essential in developing high viscous oil deposits by thermal methods. One of the biggest problems in experimental investigation of thermophysical properties concerns with measurement errors due to multidimensional character of thermal flow (generally, in most cases, one-dimensional theo...

The talk will be focused on the subject matter of possible creation of a database for determining market value of land using price comparison. The authors will focus upon selected questions regarding determining market value of land. They will define basic properties of land pieces, which are essential for the right choice of another comparable piece of land for valuation. The properties that are essential for selecting the method of valuation of market value of land are not only the kind of land stated in the lan...

It is a certainty that a rock massif is a very complex environment, known only partially; in the laboratory we cannot produce all the details encountered in situ; therefore, most of the properties determined experimentally not fully express their real value that they have in rock massif. As theoretical basis we might consider theory of similitude initiated by Newton, in the sense of similarity that we can establish to the boundary between theory and experiment. Based on this and considering the applicable theorems...

This research paper seeks to study the phreatic groundwater body from the Buz?u river alluvial fan. This goal is reached by creating a numerical model associated to a previously created conceptual model. The conceptual model was realized in three stages. Initially, a spatial schematization of the hydrostructure was created using the lithology collected while executing the hydrogeological boreholes. The second step consisted in studying the variation of the hydrogeological parameters in the hydrostructure. The para...

This paper addresses mechanisms of destruction of methane-saturated coal at micro- and macro-levels under dynamical impact due to methane transition from its natural bound to a free state. The focus is on possible destruction of practically impenetrable (crushed and pressed) coal. Our study is based on analysis of experimental investigations and computed modeling. The experimental investigations involved experiments with rock pre-cracking under explosive impact and analysis of photo images of coal microstructure a...

An important source of hydrocarbons is coal which is often associated with oil deposits. In the Volga-Ural oil and gas province (Russian Federation) coal resources in the Visean deposits of the Carboniferous Period exceed 3.5 billion tons. They are located at depths of about 1 km and are inaccessible to mine operations. At the same time, coals can be exploited by well methods as a source of gaseous raw materials. The power gas from coal seams can be used in the development of deposits of high-viscosity oils in adj...

The complicated geodynamic situation occurred as the result of the intensive exploitation of Verkhnekamskoe potash deposit (VKMKS) was complexified by induced accidents in 1995, 2007 and 2014. Most of the city of Berezniki is located above the minefield of the BKPRU-1 mine. The exploitation of the potash since 1995 has been accompanied by continuous seismic monitoring, its data are used both for operational control and forecast purposes. Starting from the part of the mine SKRU-2 in 1995 the system has been expande...

During field work and best practices it is imperative to create a good working environment that is as easy and convenient to our interests and needs but with a higher data security. Maintaining and accuracy of data during field work is just as important as the samples to be taken. For this reason and due to internet access to almost every working region we have created a Mobile Application through which any sample that will handle it automatically will save the data and it called GSKSoft 1.0 (Geological Survey of ...

The article proposed the technology of monitoring the process control system the man-machine-environment. Machine Health Monitoring Center uses technology to identify trends that will help improve the service, support, and overall design of equipment. Technology specialists handle hundreds of alerts per day, either contacting the customer directly or passing the information on to a service manager or field dispatcher. Hardware-software automated monitoring enables structural studies and monitoring algorithms of te...

Petri nets is the well-known mathematical tool for the modeling and verification of parallel systems of all kind. Multiprocess Petri multinets with time stamps (MPTSM) are the newly introduced class of low-level Petri nets, whose definition and the properties are the main topic of this article; they generalize the properties of P/T Petri multiprocess multinets in the area of design, modeling and verification of generally parallel programming systems with the discrete time. The MPTSM with the support of the ASYNC-C...

For a long time, various researches have been realized about the presence and distribution of Ag, Au, Pb, Zn and their distributions research in different horizons, but there are few researches that are available with statistical analysis related to their distribution which gives a better information about their distribution. Research on the method of distribution by statistical methods are quite accurate methods and give us a clear presentation of the way these elements are distributed in the Trepca Mining. There...

The research investigates the relation between the magnetic field deviations and the forest stand volume. The object of the experiment for the study of wood stock and related quantities was selected on the basis of the magnetic field deviations map. The Ogre Magnetic Field Anomaly Region has been selected for the research. The magnetic anomalies (magnetic field deviations) data were created digitally: a full polygon layer with values, vectorial data were obtained by adding the measurement data of the magnetic fiel...

The concrete bridges are inseparable part of the traffic infrastructure not only in Slovakia. The real bridge structures are affected by environmental conditions in which they are. The environmental loads cause the degradation of concrete and reinforcement in time. The corrosion of reinforcing steel in concrete due to severe environment is the phenomenon that highly affects the reliability and durability of reinforced concrete bridge structures. The diagnostic of real state of existing bridges is very important du...

For processing observations of the terrestrial pole dynamics, the regression dynamic modeling (RDM) approach was used. With the RDM software package the models describing the dynamics of the terrestrial polar coordinates were built. This approach provides accurate combined models of observations which describe to some extent causal and deterministic communication and provide forecast of characteristics. A comparison of observations and predicted values of the terrestrial polar coordinates obtained with the RDM app...

Cementation is one of the most effective, eco-friendly and economically advantageous techniques for removal of valuable and / or toxic metals from industrial wastewaters. Copper is among the most prevalent and valuable metal used in industry. The present study investigates an eco-friendly recovery method for the copper ions present in synthetic wastewater, by cementation, using scrap iron and no energy consumption. It was evaluated the impact on copper cementation yield, caused by the fallowing parameters: (a) ini...

The magnetically recoverable biocatalyst was developed. The catalyst support is based on magnetite particles (MPs) composed of magnetite particles and coated with the amino terminated silica layer to facilitate further functionalization. This functionalization involves the attachment of the glutaraldehyde linker followed by the covalent attachment of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) via its amino groups. The catalyst was tested in the reaction of 2,3,6-trimethylphenol (TMP) oxidation to 2,3,5-trimethylhydrochinone (TM...

One of the most complicated and difficult problems in design of foundations is the nesseserity to quantify changes in the strength and deformation properties of soils foundations according to projected increase in soil moisture. This article presents the results of solving such kinds of problems on the example of a residential complex of twenty buildings, located in the Eastern part of Kazan City. The forecast of changes of hydrogeological conditions over a period of 50 years had been made by using numerical model...

Studies have been carried out to increase the activity of ashes and cements by separate or joint activation in an aqueous medium immediately before the preparation of concrete on the construction site. Activation was carried out in devices where the treated medium was subjected to hydrodynamic and cavitation effects. When using coarse-grained ash, it is possible to recommend either their preliminary grinding in an aqueous medium before adding into the concrete mixing unit, or joint activation with cement. The join...

The main goal of compaction is decreasing the porosity of soils. Gravel columns belong to relatively new methods of improving the soil characteristics. Using them it is possible to expect to accelerate the consolidation of the subsoil, but also increasing the bearing capacity and decreasing the settlement of initially unadvisable soils. Because it was missing adequate research in this field, the design of gravel columns was based a long time on empirical experiences. Particularly based on foreign knowledge are pre...

Zigana Tunnel is a new constructing tunnel, which will be the second in the world, and the longest in Europe, on the G?m??hane-Trabzon highway. Two tunnels are being constructed between the K?stere village of G?m??hane and the Ba?ark?y village of Ma?ka district of Trabzon, each 14.5 kilometers long and 29 kilometers in length. The study theme is the reasons for the small scale collapse in the Zigana Tunnel K?stere Mevkii construction site; the location and size of possible fractures and / or cavity are investigate...

Today, supply of hydrogen in processes of hydrotreating of heavy hydrocarbonic raw materials is one of the main expenses in the course of hydrocracking. Therefore, alternative modernization processes that do not use externally supplied hydrogen are desirable and necessary. This scientific work is devoted to solving the problem associated with the processing of high-viscosity oils and shale hydrocarbons in supercritical water to valuable petrochemical raw materials with a high ratio of hydrogen to carbon. The catal...

The article describes the incidence of regulatory systems in humans for the population of the regions of Kazakhstan in conjunction with energy consumption, as well as morbidity for employees of the energy enterprise of the Republic of Kazakhstan (RK). For the period from 2001 to 2014. energy consumption in kW/h per person per year in the Republic of Kazakhstan increased by 1.9 times, by regions of the country this growth was from 1.4 times to 6 times. A statistically significant direct link between the mean level ...

In Slovakia, there are two technologies NRTM and ADECO ? RS which are currently used for a tunnel excavation. During the tunnel excavation, a disruption of primary balance tension state occurs in a tunnel face followed by spatial redistribution stress, which results in creating a new equilibrium state of tension in the around rock mass. Changes in tension are connected with deformation of the excavation face, or the primary lining and round rock mass respectively. Practical experience and results of spatial numeri...

Carbon capture storage (CCS) technology is expected to help reduce the anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions, however, application requires finding the rock formations with sufficiently large storage capacities. Water-bearing formation allow to store a high-volume CO2. Nevertheless, the assessment of the capacity of aquifers structures remains a problem. In this work reservoir simulation was developed to estimate CO2-storage capacity because it allowed to take into account the effect of heterogeneity in an aquife...

Grape juice consumption has increased significantly in recent years due to the beneficial health effects showed by products derived from grape. Grape juice is the unfermented drink obtained from simple must, sulfated or concentrated, from healthy, fresh and ripe grapes. When grape juice is processed with the aim of obtaining a shelf-stable product, its product shelf-life is determined by a best-before date, which is limited due to physical and (bio) chemical reactions. With the change of these properties, the micr...

Surfactant flooding is a significant method used in enhanced oil recovery to reduce the amount of oil in pore space of matrix rock. These materials are injected to mobilize heavy oil by lowering the interfacial tension between oil and water and/or by the wettability alteration from oil-wet to water-wet. A various of cationic, anionic, non-ionic, and amphoteric surfactants have been studied. Although surfactant/polymer flooding is one of the most promising methods available to recover residual and remaining oil, it...

The paper presents model-in-the loop simulation results of the roadheader cutting speed control system. The roadheader is equipped with an 132kW induction motor supplied from the frequency inverter. The output frequency is calculated by a PI speed controller on the basis of speed error (signal difference between a reference signal from the load controller and the measured signal from the incremental speed encoder). The whole control system model (involving an inverter model, sensor model, induction motor linearize...

Planning the sales in a mining enterprise in the modern market conditions is difficult and burdened with significant specific and systematic risk [10]. It is because the quantity plan is determined by geological and mining conditions, on which the enterprise does not have a direct influence. The same applies to the quality of the sourced raw material which depends on the natural parameters of the deposit. On the other hand, quality plan depends on the difficult to foresee sales price which is shaped in the changea...

One of the possible solutions to reduce or eliminate landfill gas emissions is to cover the landfill with bioactive cover layer, where methane is oxidized in-situ. The main innovation of the closure project at Kudjape landfill, Estonia, was to extract the < 40 mm fine fraction from the same landfill cell by using landfill mining technology in order to construct a methane degradation cover and to restore the previous landfill area for the benefit of the community. European larch (Larix decidua) and Norway spruce (P...

Methods of deductive inference that are various modifications of the principle of resolutions are quite effective in logic. The results and justifications for the fuzzy conclusion of the resolution type are widespread in the predicate calculus. The existing models of the resolution inference are effective, and also quite simple and convenient, for conventional reasoning under incomplete information and for automatic processing of uncertain knowledge in interactive systems. However, in such models the set of genera...

World is changing rapidly. We are facing new reality and challenges. New global and complex solutions are needed to adapt to future reality. Tasks about landscape are coming to the forward more and more. It is necessary to speak about role of landscape in our life. Many points of view need to take into account when we want to speak about landscape and changes which are waiting for us in next decades. Question for researchers is how to obtain the best data for the best suggestions and recommendations for policy mak...

A sound measure for the overall efficiency and economy of a power plant is the Energy Return on Investment (EROI). The EROI values could be evaluated for different types of power plants including photovoltaics, wind energy, solar thermal, hydro, natural gas, biogas, coal and nuclear power applying the exergy concept with no ?primary energy weighting?. It makes possible to directly compare the overall efficiency of the power plants on a uniform mathematical and physical basis. Pump storage systems, needed for solar...

The paper raises the problem of reducing air pollution induced by low-stack emission. It is one the most serious problems, especially in such countries as Poland, where the Southern regions belong to the most polluted ones in EU. The objective of the paper is to identify the social expectations towards research projects and other initiatives undertaken in order to stop low-stack emission. The objective was achieved using a survey method. The survey was conducted in 2017 in three target groups: among the participan...

The work described the obtaining and studying the properties of alginate-PLGA matrixes containing agglomerates of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles. Hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanoparticles were obtained by controlled deposition in the presence of a stabilizer - sodium citrate. Two types of nanoparticle lamellar (30 to 50 nm in size) and rod-shaped (150 to 200 nm in length) were used in the work. The size and morphology of the hydroxyapatite nanoparticles were studied using a transmission electron microscope. The composition...

The method of satellite monitoring of seismically hazardous areas based on a complex analysis of earthquake precursors is described. The proposed method was tested on the example of the August 2016 Central Italy earthquake. It was carried out by spatio-temporal analysis of the data of multi-year satellite monitoring for a complex of thermal and ionospheric parameters in seismically hazardous regions. The AIRS/Aqua Level 3 daily data (AIRS3STD) with the values of outgoing long-wave radiation (OLR), surface temperat...

In the paper a magneto-impact approach for vibration damping of technological machines used in oil and gas production is proposed. It is suggested that there are specific features of magnetically impacted vibration dampening that favorably distinguish it from the classical mechanically impact vibration dampening. It is shown that usage of magnetism effect allows to exclude mechanical shocks and damage to working elements. The higher reliability of such vibration damping systems is suggested in comparison with mech...

Nowadays, landscape specific agriculture development, along with precision farming, is one of the most promising areas for improving crop production worldwide. At the same time, further farming systems improvement should be based not only on the latest achievements of traditional fields of agronomical science, but on some of the interdisciplinary researches, that make good use of the results of modern scientific research. The study addresses the results of the scientific study on the development of the normative-r...