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In contemporary agricultural practice, ensuring sufficient bioavailable macronutrients, particularly phosphorus, for plants in phosphorus-deficient soils remains a significant challenge. As a promising alternative, the application of phosphate-calcium-based nanofertilizers (NFs), with or without zinc, emerges as a suitable solution, offering targeted effects through foliar dispersion. However, current knowledge gaps persist regarding the development and colloidal properties of applied NFs and their impact on sunfl...

Changes in land use and architectural renovation are a normal process in historic urban centres, and as a consequence there are changes in the occupation of properties, such as the loss of vegetation cover and filtering soils that could be integrated into the urban green system, which is now almost entirely concentrated in the public space. In this study, a series of orthophotographs of the historic centre of the city of Loja were analysed to determine the changes in vegetation cover and its distribution among squ...

The paper presents the pattern of variation of critical velocity during longitudinal downward ventilation in an inclined road tunnel with its slope varying within 0-8 degrees. The results of both full-scale numerical modelling and laboratory experiments for a 1:10 scale tunnel models are presented. The effect of fire on the critical velocity and gradient factor was studied on the models. During the numerical modelling, the seat of fire, fans and tunnel portals were modelled with 0.1*0.1*0.1 m cells, while the cell...

This article deals with the issue of the indoor environment in terms of optimal conditions of thermal comfort and the satisfactory quality of indoor air. A weekly measurement of the parameters of the indoor environment was carried out in the building of the day rehabilitation centre in order to verify the state of the indoor environment, to determine the processes that create the indoor environment and to define the factors that affect the resulting state of the indoor microclimate. One of the important factors is...

In the Czech Republic, despite the high demand for housing, a large number of houses remain unoccupied. Many of them are falling into disrepair, especially in the countryside. And at the same time, new houses, without architectural and urban planning qualities, are growing right next to them on agricultural land. In my work, I deal with how to adapt these old houses to the current requirements for family housing. This includes requirements for energy savings for the indoor environment, especially thermal comfort. ...

Briquetting is the pressing of dusty materials into pieces of the same shape and size. Briquetting can be done without a binder or with the addition of a binder to the briquetting mixture. Briquettes can have any shape, but the most common is the shape of a cylinder. The briquettes must be strong enough to eliminate the possibility of damage during transport and must be strong enough even at high temperatures. The briquettes have a regular shape, have the same weight, are more durable and easier to transport. They...

Environmental water chemistry is substantially aided by modern electrochemical research. Sensitive voltammetric techniques are much more useful for metal species in natural waters, where complexation with organic molecules predominates. Many environmental electrochemists are still interested in determining the stability constants of metal ion complexes with various ionic species found in natural waterways. The aim of this work is to investigate the possible influence of complexation of amine and carboxyl groups of...

The actual climate crisis is forcing the development of new energy sources that mitigate the negative effects of the climate change. Because of that, the use of fossil fuels is expected to be significantly reduced in the coming decades. In this scenario, the production of renewable fuels that reduce the greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) is one of the main world challenges. The present study focuses on synthetic gas production using carbon dioxide from the cement industry, and green hydrogen, simulating the process us...

Agate-like soil cover structures (ASCS) of leached chernozems are common in some regions of Russia with a total area of 425 242 km2 (the republics of Tatarstan and Bashkortostan, Orenburg, Samara, and Ulyanovsk regions). The term -agate-like structures- was proposed due to the fact that on remote sensing data they resemble a section of the Timan agate. The structures are formed on loamy and clayey Quaternary sediments with a thickness of 0.5-5 m, overlying Permian sediments (bedrock). It is possible to identify th...

Satellite motion control in the vicinity of the libration point with expenditure criteria is considered. Expenditure optimization is natural in the case, where it is necessary to keep mechanical system in the neighborhood of the equilibrium point for a long time. Disturbing factors from time to time distort this system unacceptably far from the equilibrium point, and we need to extinguish these deviations, using fuel or another resource, which reserves are limited. Optimization of the satellite motion control acco...

Sustainable food production is growing along with consumer demands to find healthy products. The management and minimization of food by-products and the recovery of products with low economic value represent both a trend and a current necessity for the food industry. Prunus cerasifera is a species of plum native to Southeast Europe and Western Asia. It is also called Cherry Plum and Myrobolan Plum. It is cultivated mainly as an ornamental plant with several varieties differing in leaf and bud color and secondarily...

The existing at Bulgarian Ship Hydrodynamics Centre (BSHC) wind tunnel named MINIAT is under upgrade, in order to expand the range of the Center's capabilities and the scope of aerodynamic research by enlarging the working section sizes and closing the air flow. This renovation is inspired by recent development of modern technologies for renewable wind energy conversion and necessity for comprehensive investigation of environmental effects. The objective of this study was to theoretically calculate a new aerodynam...

Hydrometric propeller methods, is device that responds and measuring the velocity of the water current at the point where its sensor axis is located. Mechanical hydrometric propellers are widely used in our country, in which the current causes rotation of a screw vane with an angular velocity proportional to the velocity of the current, in this method the depth of the river profile must be taken into account in order to comply with the measurement condition in 1, 2, or 3 points namely 0.2h, 0.6h and 0.8h, h-depth ...

This article presents a numerical study of the effects of changing the geometry of the turbine impeller blades on the efficiency and intensity of homogenization in a bioreactor. The mixing of liquid media is an important stage of technological processes in various industries. Modern Impellers are equipped with homogenizing devices for introducing energy into the liquid, they include hydraulic, pneumatic and mechanical devices or their combinations. Rational selection of the mixing device at the design stage is imp...

This paper extensively explores the technology of Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) hydrogen fuel cells, delving into its theoretical foundations, operational intricacies, and its specific application in the HYDRIVE 1 bolide. The PEM fuel cell plays a crucial role in the vehicle's power ecosystem by converting hydrogen and oxygen into electricity, which is then utilized to energize the electrical system, telemetry, and engine. The drive system's specifications are meticulously presented, encompassing considerations o...

Maritime transport plays a crucial role in the global economy, ensuring the transport of around 80% of world trade. However, shipping is responsible for a significant portion of greenhouse gas emissions, accounting for approximately 2.5% of total global emissions. In this context, the efficiency of fuel consumption in ships using the renewable energy sources can bring significant benefits for the environment and contributes to the achievement of the objectives of reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The opportunity ...

Brown Coal Research Institute j. v. c. (VUHU) from July 2023, together with scientific teams from several European countries, participates as part of the EU research program in the solution of the REECOL project, which deals with the reclamation of areas affected by mining in European coal basins. One of the important tasks of the first phase of the project solution is to find suitable case study areas in each country of the project solution. The selection of these areas in the Most Basin (CZ) is the subject of th...

The paper presents the results of research undertaken in 2023, in the perimeter of the Stationary for the Study of Soil Erosion located on the left side of the Slanic Hydrographic Basin in Buzau county, with a slope of 15-20 %. Within the station are located 12 plots for the control of soil surface erosion cultivated differently. The amount of soil washed away by torrential rains during the growing season was different depending on the degree of soil cover given by agricultural crops [11] . From the plot cultivate...

This research aims to conduct a descriptive statistical analysis to identify the statistical correlation between categories of new and second-hand vehicles registered for circulation in Romania and various health conditions associated with atmospheric pollution. Currently, a significant challenge for the global community lies in mitigating the impact of atmospheric pollution, considered a crucial factor both in terms of global climate change and its impact on public health. One major source of atmospheric pollutio...

Orphaned or abandoned sulphide tailing disposal sites pose significant environmental hazards, including eolian dispersion, water erosion, acid mine drainage, and heavy metal mobility. Phytostabilization, an eco-friendly strategy, entails the use of alkaline amendments alongside non-native plant species capable of thriving in environments with high concentrations of heavy metals. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to assess the effect of a commercial cement which contained 46.3% sand, applied alone or combined w...

Plants are sources of compounds with medicinal potential, an impressive number of medicines have in their composition compounds isolated from natural sources, many of them being used since ancient times, in traditional medicine. Aromatic and medicinal plants are sources of various nutrients and non-nutritive molecules, many of which exhibit antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. V. album extracts have a complex chemical composition, some of the identified compounds being responsable for their antibacterial and ...

The roughness of a ship-s hull can have a significant impact on the environment, primarily through its effect on the ship-s fuel consumption and, consequently, carbon emissions. The resistance a ship encounters as it moves through the water can be broadly categorized into two main types: frictional resistance and wave-making resistance. Hull roughness increases frictional resistance, also known as skin friction resistance. This resistence component is a major aspect of the total resistance of a merchant ship, lead...

Radiation technologies using ionising radiation and radionuclides are now widely used in all areas of human activity. These include applications in medicine, industry, nuclear energy, and science. Exposure to ionising radiation therefore affects radiation workers employed at these sites, a large group of people who are in the vicinity of the sites in the course of their work, and people who live and work in the vicinity of the sites. However, the positive properties of ionising radiation and radionuclides that we ...

Chile is one of the largest copper producers in the world, which implies a significant generation of waste, particularly copper slag (CS). On the other hand, the high demand for concrete mixes generates a high consumption of natural aggregates as sand. However, specialized literature indicates that the fine aggregate can be partially replaced by CS keeping (or improving) the concrete properties. Then, this paper presents a sustainability analysis of the partial replacement of fine aggregate of concrete by CS. The ...

Durian disease-causing organisms such as fungi can infect durian trees at any stage of development. Chemical fungicides are widely used because they are convenient and simple to use. However, it impacts the health of producers, consumers, and the environment. As a result, recommendations have been developed and established for researching zinc oxide nanoparticles (Zn-ONPs) that can inhibit fungal growth as an alternative for preventing and eliminating such fungi. The purpose of this study is to collect and isolate...

Surface water resources are already being utilized at maximum capacity and the trend is unlikely to change. This situation has led to increasing concerns regarding the sustainable use of this resource, with continuous efforts being made to reduce water pollution. In this context, the analysis of surface water quality is essential for protecting human health, the environment and the economy, providing significant opportunities for improving the quality of life and conserving natural resources. This paper presents t...

The aim of the research is to find out how the forest ground vegetation changes in forest pasture where wild horses are allowed to graze, and what impact their grazing in the forest have on the vegetation and how the situation changes in a forest stand where animals are allowed to graze and, in a forest, stand of the same type without grazing. So far forest pastures practically have not been studied, but forest management using animals especially in private forestry is becoming more and more relevant. Almost no si...

This research aims to conduct a detailed analysis of the necessity for generating electrical energy using conventional methods, simultaneously assessing the impact on water quality. Wastewater, originating from fluids used in industrial processes or households, contains various impurities and is discharged into the natural aquatic environment (such as rivers, lakes, or the Black Sea) or onto various lands, either with or without prior treatment. The production and utilization of primary energy raw materials, such ...

The purpose of this work is to explore the potential for predicting and improving the fuel efficiency of vehicles with thermal engines, especially in the context of reducing exhaust gas emissions that contribute to environmental pollution. With rising fuel costs, consumers need to make informed decisions about the fuel consumption and environmental impact of purchasing vehicles with internal combustion engines. To achieve this goal, the researchers utilized artificial intelligence and created a model using neural ...

The research is aimed at identifying the conditions for the formation of the ecological agriculture concept aimed at creating a sustainable, environmentally friendly and efficient agricultural production system. The main idea is to use natural processes and resources to ensure a harvest while maintaining the environmental balance. Ecological farming can be an important step towards sustainable agriculture and environmental sustainability, but it requires a balance between positive and challenging aspects, as well ...

A comparative assessment of the chemical composition of amaranth green mass cultivated in 2022 and 2023 was carried out. It was revealed that the content of nitrates, tannins and phytates in the 2023 harvest exceeded these indicators compared to the 2022 harvest by 3.3, 1.4 and 4 times, respectively. The amount of oxalic acid was 16 times lower, and that of tannins did not exceed the maximum permissible concentration of 0.5%. At the same time, the content of proteins and fats decreased by 12.6 and 31.6%, respectiv...

Hydrogen can originate from various geological processes and its ability to migrate to near-surface layers makes soil gas analysis crucial for identifying subsurface accumulations. Current methods using portable analysers are often insufficient for precise determination, highlighting the need for gas chromatography in controlled laboratory settings. Hydrogen's high mobility and chemical reactivity make it difficult to maintain stable soil gas samples from collection to analysis. To address this challenge, an exper...

Most modern heat pump installations can only generate a maximum temperature of 50-55-C. This temperature potential is not sufficient to integrate them with existing convective and radiator-based space heating systems in severe climates. This paper discusses the findings from an experimental study evaluating the efficiency of a fan coil-based air heating system. Using a peaking boiler fueled by natural gas from the main supply has been shown to be the most cost-effective method for generating thermal energy with pe...

Plastic waste pollution represents extensive threats to ecosystems and human health. A lot of plastic waste enters the ocean or ends on landfills, where it threatens the ecosystem. Therefore, it is crucial to find methods for its effective disposal or reuse. A significant amount of plastic can be found in personal protective equipment used to protect against viral infections and transmission, for example during the COVID-19 pandemic. This article focuses on the utilization of plastic waste by mixing it with beech ...

Different forms and combinations of degradation attacks cause the damage of concrete and reinforced concrete structures. Among the most usual belong ingress of chlorides and carbonation that influence the quality of the concrete and also affect its ability to protect reinforcement. The resistance of concrete against the mentioned attacks is given also by other surrounding conditions, like temperature, mechanical load, etc. In this paper, experimental findings are presented focused on the investigation of the effec...

The scale of annual reproduction of cellulose-containing biomass in nature allows us to draw an unambiguous conclusion that cellulose is the only source of raw materials for the chemical and fuel industries, representing a real alternative to fossil resources and, first of all, oil. Cellulose is the main component of plant biomass. According to some estimates, almost half of the organic carbon in the biosphere is contained in cellulose. Hydrolytic hydrogenation is a special case of carbohydrate hydrogenation. With...

Microbial immobilization is a promising strategy for various applications, including environmental remediation and bioprocess engineering. However, the efficacy of immobilization largely depends on the characteristics of the carriers. Biomass wastes are renewable and abundant resources that can be subjected to hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) for hydrochar production, a resulting carbonaceous material with a porous structure. This porous architecture offers extensive surface area and facilitates the colonization a...

The paper presents the procedures of introducing the unsteady state numerical analysis domain for simulating the mechanical behavior of glue laminated timber (glulam) elements when subjected to high temperatures. For any analysis applied to characterize the fire resistance of wood, glue laminated timber implicitly, the unsteady state numerical analysis domain must be applied, considering the heat propagation, humidity percentage loss and the overall change of the mechanical characteristics of the components throug...

Despite other sectors, agriculture faces the direct influences of the environment and climate. Today climate change represents a challenge for farmers around the world, not only for Romanian ones. The paper deals with this problem and agriculture resilience. It brings to attention the important issue of resilience and the challenges for agriculture and for farmers, especially for small farmers. The research is based on questionnaires applied to farmers focusing on their perception of risks, adaptation options and ...

Food supplements with strong antioxidant potential are increasingly being used by consumers to maintain good health [1], [5], [6], [8], [9], [10], [11], [15]. The best food supplements use natural and organic raw materials and -Mild Food Processing- operations. This work paper presents a management technique for food additives (used, in this case, in the testing and selection of used sweeteners) in the design of a black tea-based food supplement. The raw material used was tested by A.A.S. (Atomic Absorption Spectr...

In the context of the pressure to reduce the production of CO2 emissions in cement manufacturing, cement plants are significantly changing their product portfolios. Changes in the composition of cement products also lead to changes in their properties. This paper focuses on the monitoring and non-standard evaluation of initial volume stability. Several different types of currently used cements produced in various cement plants in the Czech Republic and Slovakia in 2022 and 2023 were tested using the -initial volum...

The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of plant parasitic nematodes in the main potatoe growing area in Ajara and to show whether altitu-dinal gradient affects nematode diversity and community structure along three contrasting altitudinal localities of Ajara: Kobuleti (10 m.a.s.l), Shuakhevi (450 m.a.s.l) and Khulo (950 -1800 m.a.s.l). The first part of this study is to assess for the first time the taxonomic and ecological structure of plant parasitic and free-living nematodes in agroecosystems of K...

A new biocatalyst based on glucose oxidase immobilized on Fe3O4 magnetite nanoparticles modified with chitosan and sodium tripolyphosphate was synthesized. Magnetite nanoparticles were obtained by mixing solutions of FeCl2 and FeCl3 with ammonia while heating to a temperature of 65 ?C. To stabilize the nanoparticles and ensure the presence of amino groups on their surface, chitosan and sodium tripolyphosphate were sequentially deposited on magnetite. Immobilization of glucose oxidase on the support was carried out...

The groundwaters draining in the continental shelf area can be an unconventional resource of fresh water for drinking, irrigation, and industrial purposes in water-scarce coastal areas. Recently, possible offshore sources of such groundwater in the coastal zone have been subject of increased investigation and description. The aim of the present research is to identify similar, available for use, potential sources of Offshore Frehsened Groundwater (OFG) in the area of the shelf of the Northern part of the Bulgarian...

The aim of this report is to assess the extent of valorization of the landscape in relation to the increase of energy efficiency and in the context of the construction of green buildings and the development of modern green architecture, which is responsible for the implementation of sustainable policies implemented in the field of environmental protection and the fight against climate change. This paper will review current trends in the development of green architectural design and the interrelationship with the a...

A series of platinum catalytic systems stabilized in aromatic polymers were obtained in this work. Commercially available styrene-divinylbenzene (MN100) and polymers synthesized by one-stage crosslinking by the Friedel-Crafts reaction from benzene, naphthalene, and an equimolar benzene-naphthalene mixture were used as polymers. The obtained systems were tested in liquid-phase hydrogenation reactions of benzene, toluene, and benzene-toluene mixture, as well as anthracene in a dodecane medium. The reaction products ...

Soil moisture, soil temperature, nutrient availability, and land use practices affect the GHG emissions from soils. In this study, the aim is to determine and analyse GHG emissions from agricultural soils in five monitoring sites. The mobile spectrophotometer Picarro G2508 is used for the quantification of N2O, CH4, and CO2 soil flux across five monitoring sites used for agricultural production during the growing seasons from 2017 to 2023. Findings reveal significant variations in GHG emissions across the monitori...

The present research evaluated a facade alternative to reduce the indoor temperature of buildings in the Ecuadorian Amazon (Yantzaza, Ecuador). Three scale models were compared: one with a gabion facade and leafy vegetables (onion, lettuce, basil, chamomile, and cabbage), one with a gabion facade only, and one with a clay brick (traditional) facade. Thermal data from inside the models were analyzed in March (warmest month) and January (coldest month). The results showed that between 13:00 and 15:00 in January and ...

Reducing air pollution is a major objective of road transport, the most important consequence of this reduction being the decrease in the number of illnesses and, implicitly, a better quality of human life. To achieve this goal, researchers- efforts have been directed towards reducing the quantities and treating the exhaust gases of vehicles equipped with internal combustion engines. It is important to note that the reduction of environmental pollution must also aim at decreasing the emissions of particles that ar...

Basalt fiber-reinforced metal-polymer composites represent a cutting-edge class of materials that merge the robustness of metal with the pliability of polymer. Originating from natural volcanic rocks, basalt fibers possess remarkable mechanical properties, such as high tensile strength, resistance to extreme temperatures, and chemical inertness. Integrating basalt fibers into a polymer matrix like epoxy or thermoplastic resins significantly boosts the composite's resistance to dynamic impacts and its energy absorp...