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Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) is a cloud technology that converges telecommunication and computing capabilities in radio access network. The research and standardization activities for enabling advanced mobile edge services are ongoing with diverse challenges yet to be met. A key area is the development of Application Programming Interfaces (API) that enable application to acquire mobile edge resources and simply and efficiently to manage them. Bandwidth Management Service (BWMS) is a mobile edge service that ...

The challenge for the International Maritime Organization IMO is to reduce and eliminate any adverse impact by shipping on the environment by increasing the emphasis on the role of the human element in environmentally sound shipping. Nautical students become familiar with the international regulations for the prevention of air pollution from ships such as the revised Annex VI of the MARPOL Convention during the IMO courses [1] or other subjects (i.e. Maritime Law) that are mandatory for obtaining the certificate o...

Nowadays, the role of healthy and sustainable consumption is increasing in Latvia. This trend focuses on animal welfare issues, promotion of organic products and enhancing of local businesses? green competiveness. Owing to the growing demand for organic products, the number of organic farms in Latvia is increasing. However, not all local producers are aware of their marketing strategy?s compliance with the real situation in the market. Today, customers? needs are more sophisticated and they are knowledgeable about...

The El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) plays a key role in the interannual variability of the global climate. Its prediction and recognition has been a big challenge to the atmospheric and ocean science modeling community despite significant advances in understanding, improved models, and enhanced observational networks. The present study proposes a new approach by using the support vector machines (SVM) classification model of machine learning algorithm to identify and possible predict the future ENSO events. Th...

The increase of private car share in travels causes significant difficulties in functioning of transport systems especially in large urban agglomerations. Excessive use of cars is associated with: energy consumption, traffic congestion, negative influence on the environment (increase in noise level, increase in emission of fumes), cutting up of the neighborly bonds, road accidents, destruction of urban landscape, which in turn leads to general deterioration of the quality of urban life. The main real countermeasur...

This article was published within the Sub-project "Manufacturing of composite materials sanitary ware", funded under the "Fostering Productive Innovation" Project, supported by the World Bank and the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Conservation and protection of the environment is one of the important and priority areas of the World Bank work. The Bank requires environmental assessment for the Sub-project to help to ensure its environmental safety and sustainability. Therefore, the Environmental Manageme...

The paper describes the case of excavation reclamation after exploitation of gravel, located in the Sola River valley in Rajsko, in the range of the Nature 2000 area Lower Sola Valley (PLB120004), within and the vicinity of the Nature 2000 area of Lower Sola (PLH120083), the vicinity of breeding ponds. There is a Quaternary aquifer in the excavation bottom. 540,000 tonnes of waste from a nearby hard coal mine were used for ground works, which filled the excavation after exploitation of gravel. As a part of the fie...

At the global scale, the construction sector has a significant social and economic influence over people?s daily activities. At the same time, it is well known that the built environment is responsible for a significant negative influence over the Earth?s ecosystem. Taking into account the climate change phenomena registered nowadays, as well as the expected increase in the global volume of negative effects over the natural environment, considering the ecological dimension of sustainability in the construction sec...

As a rule, buildings make an impact on their surroundings. Industrial and manufacturing facilities obviously create the most severe problems. This is due to the technological processes involved, the need to ensure transportation routes to provide supplies and the necessity to handle waste products. Residential buildings are not normally considered in terms of being a threat to the environment, although their large agglomerations are likely to give rise to many problems and are not neutral to the environment. This ...

Water level fluctuations play a significant role in linking water and soil environments and shaping littoral zone. The aim of study was to evaluate the physical and chemical features of water as well as light availability in phytolittoral zone in the case of water level rise. Investigations were carried out in deep mesotrophic lake with well-developed charophytes meadow, above which samples were collected (30 stations). In this lake between year 2010 and 2012 water level increased over 1.0 m as a result of intense...

Environmental change is, today, an unavoidable cause of societal stress that leads to suffering and migration. The focus here is not on change itself, but on the local and regional resources and environment conditions that frame both the extent of change and the alternative actions that might mitigate effects. In this context, a modelling approach to resource and risk assessment and possible responses change is presented. Complex systems are not initially suitable for a bottom-up approach to modelling that assumes...

Small rivers play an important role in the development of the hydrographic network and are tributaries of basin-forming rivers. Usually, it is shallow, which largely exposes them to the high impact of anthropogenic load. Anthropogenic pressure on water resources, especially in the Moscow and Moscow region, reached a rather significant level in this period. A critical situation occurs during the low water period, when the rivers switch to groundwater feeding and their runoff becomes minimal. With the formation of r...

At present, the building sector holds more than 40% of energy consumption and 36% production of greenhouse gas emissions. The whole sector of buildings uses more than 50% of the Earth's raw materials and produces approximately 50% of world waste. The current legislative standards require as much as possible energy efficient construction. The inadequate thermal performance of the buildings and are currently the biggest challenges for the sector of buildings in the European Union in the context of addressing the sus...

The Plan of Economic and Social Development is a basic and medium-term developmental document for the local self-government in which environmental policy is focused on the quality of citizens lives. The cities and the municipalities through the Plan of Economic and Social development, express interest in their future, as well as the future of their residents. The self-government is getting with the mentioned document a tool for an active developmental management based on initiating of the necessary and desirable c...

The purpose of the article (research) is to determine the impact of environmental policy on the possibilities and ways of implementing the socio-economic development strategy of the Leningrad Region of the Russian Federation for the period until 2030. The work used systematic and dialectical-materialist approaches, methods of forecasting, comparison, formal-logical and statistical analysis, as well as tools for scientific analysis of documents and performance results. In the course of the work, the essence and pec...

Along with welding, the casting of metal alloys is a primary production process, with great spread in the industry, especially in the machine building industry. By casting, a series of semi-fabricated products are obtained, from which, subsequently, by metal grinding processes finite parts are obtained such as straight and cranked shafts, belt wheels, gears, various casings, motor blocks for internal combustion engines and others. There are many casting processes used on an industrial scale such as: casting in tem...

Based on the data analysis on emission, discharge and waste of the mining and processing enterprise В«ApatitВ» (Murmansk region, Russia), the article submits data on the enterprise activities impact on the atmospheric air quality and water bodies for the period from 2009 to 2017, also submitted data on compliance with limits and on environmental payments. Statistical data on the composition of production and consumption wastes are shown. Special attention is paid to the analysis of environmental activities of the ...

Natural environment plays the principal role in the physical as well as socio-cultural adjustment of past and present human populations as evidenced by anthropological and material culture records. This is well-observed particularly among the aboriginal nations occupying intermittently pristine northern territories absent of major human migrations, ethnical gene-flows and associated historical inter-cultural exchanges. Specific natural factors linked to regional climate and geography, persisting for a certain time...

As of January 1, 2017, according to the Directive 2014/95/EU of the European Parliament and the Council of 22 October 2014 amending Directive 2013/34/EU as regards disclosure of non-financial and diversity information by certain large undertakings and groups public-interest entities fulfilling particular requirements described in the document are obligated to disclose non-financial and diversity information. Due to this fact, the main aim of the paper was the assessment of the current state of reporting of environ...

In the design of new cars, great demands are placed on the passive safety of a vehicle. This is especially true for the front part of a car. Each item for this part of a car must absorb a part of energy which arises when a pedestrian is hit. The headlights also belong among the core elements here. The size of the energy that a headlight is capable of absorbing is first calculated by the finite element method using specialized software. It is necessary that these theoretical values are validated in practice, using ...

Recycling of spoil and demolition wastes is in general complicated process, that require quality processing technology connected with equipment designed for those purposes. During recycling is important factor perfect separation of spoil and demolition waste. Mainly separation of individual components of such waste as glass, plastics, metal parts, wood etc. From concrete, bricks, asphalt and similar construction material. Separated components are utilized by their type. It is necessary to not have dangerous admixt...

The present study investigates spatial and temporal variability of permafrost coasts? retreat rates at the offshore gas pipeline crossing of the Western Yamal Peninsula coast under conditions of climate change and local human impact. Erosion of permafrost coasts is determined by a combination of hydrometeorological factors, such as wave height, air and water temperature, ice-free period duration, and the features of coastal structure: cliff height, ground ice content, type of sediments. Coastal dynamics were studi...

Power transformers are the main equipment of a mining power network. The power of the mining transformer is determined by the power required by the connected consumers. The correctness of its determination depends on all indicators of the power supply system, namely investments, operating expenses, power and energy losses, consumption of conductive material and other materials. When determining the power demanded by consumers, consideration is given to the evolution over time of their burden and the emergence of n...

This article aims at determining the optimal number of organizational levels in a company's hierarchical structure. Based on this, the author establishes a certain number of managerial levels that simultaneously create the levels in the structure of the priority communication system ? information exchange ? in an organization. Also, the role of managers in an efficient and effective information flow is presented. Businesses that operate by market principles must strive for the highest possible efficiency and effec...

The publication concerns the issue of losses and gains related to the rock mining activity in the whole business life cycle of a mining undertaking in relation to: mining entrepreneur, communes, local communities and the environment. The analysis of the issues was conducted for three specific stages of a mining undertaking: identification of geological resources and technical and economic analyses of an undertaking, preparatory works, deposit opening and mining as well as winding up of the mine. The conducted anal...

Modeling is used to predict the effects of chemicals at the a global or regional scale. Several models have been developed that describe the fate of chemicals in the environment, which are used to assess the mercury footprint of a country or even entire regions. For example, the following models are implemented in the form of software packages: CalTox, BETR, USEtox and others. However, imminent studies and models practically do not evaluate the spatial differentiation of the residence time of chemicals in the comp...

For modelling the water fluxes through the vadose zone, it is necessary to know the soil hydraulic properties. Because many of the soil parameters cannot be measured directly in the field, inverse modeling methods are used to find the most appropriate solution. For a limited number of parameters, the minimization approach provided by Marquardt-Levenberg (ML) has become a usual technique in nonlinear least-squares fitting in soil and hydrological studies. Classical gradient-based methods find the solution in the ne...

The paper is aimed at estimating the abundance of polymetallic nodules in the Pacific area is administered by the Interoceanmetal Joint Organization (IOM) using statistical and geostatistical methods. Polymetallic nodules occurring in the Clarion-Clipperton zone in the Eastern Pacific Ocean contain numerous metals, of which the most important are Co, Cu, Ni, and Mn. In the area administered by the IOM, the four genotypes of nodules are marked with the following symbols: D and D1 (diagenetic), H (hydrogenic), and H...

Obtaining more data on coalbeds in advance will presumably enhance the whole coal production process. Therefore, there is a need to employ a method of mechanical logging, which is able to provide data on coalbeds, including such parameters as coal seems thickness, depth of a coal seam?s roof, and coal ash content. Since drilling and blasting operations are inevitably used to burst overburden rocks, it would be much more efficient to employ them in extensive and accelerated data extraction. In some cases, the dista...

Rocks can be structurally represented as layered bodies, whereby the layers can be located at different orientation angles with respect to the original ground. Such angles are usually called the bedding angles. To avoid mistakes in the calculations of the stress-strain state of rock massifs, it is very important to take into account the dependencies of mechanical properties of layered rocks on the bedding angle. Also, rocks are at a certain depth under hydrostatic compression conditions. For an adequate simulation...

Biodiesel is a relatively new type of environmentally friendly fuel, which is made from renewable resources. Biodiesel is a mixture of methyl or ethyl esters of fatty acids. It is obtained by re-esterification of vegetable oils or others fat-containing substrate, including animal origin. Iodine and acid numbers of vegetable oils, such as rapeseed, olive, linseed, nut and sunflower, are determined. In addition, conditions for obtaining biodiesel by en-zymatic catalysis using pancreatic lipase as an enzyme and rapes...

Biodiesel is a relatively new type of environmentally friendly fuel, which is made from renewable resources. Biodiesel is a mixture of methyl or ethyl esters of fatty acids. It is obtained by re-esterification of vegetable oils or others fat-containing substrate, including animal origin. Iodine and acid numbers of vegetable oils, such as rapeseed, olive, linseed, nut and sunflower, are determined. In addition, conditions for obtaining biodiesel by en-zymatic catalysis using pancreatic lipase as an enzyme and rapes...

An important indicator of the existing and possible pollution of any water area is the content of trace metals in bottom sediments that can characterize the level of anthropogenic load. Analysis of the content of metals in bottom sediments in different parts of the water area made it possible to establish the features of distribution of toxic metals in dependence on natural geochemical processes and to identify the areas that experience the most intensive anthropogenic load. In the paper, estimates of the spatial ...

For reducing the negative environmental impacts of agriculture, the European strategy should aim to enhance the development of farming systems that will be able to give high yields with low environmental impacts. This can only be achieved by combining technologies from both organic and conventional farming systems. In this respect, the EU Directive 2009/128/EC, set rules for the sustainable use of pesticides aiming the decrease of risk and negative impact both on human health and environment. The Directive recomme...

Urban sustainability is a major pillar in the European Union policy towards reaching Paris Agreement targets. In order to support cities and local communities around EU in their effort to implement innovative solutions and integrated approaches to increase their resource efficiency and climate resilience, European Commission funds the instrument "Smart Cities and Communities" (SCC) as part of its Research and Innovation Programme Horizon 2020 (H2020). The overall approach is to define and implement sets of innovat...

The paper refers to the evaluation and calculation of the uncertainty of measurement in the calibration of secondary standard volume measures, with a ruler on the neck, which equips standard installation for liquids flow meter verification. Calibration involves assigning actual values to certain nominal values, materialized on a standard scale. For the design and construction of a secondary volume measure, it is necessary to take into account all metrological requirements related to the shape and materials from wh...

In the presented article the approach to establishment of complex noise exposure in conditions of urban territories of a large settlement with application of geoinformation systems is proposed and tested. The main advantages of using geoinformation systems in conjunction with specialized software products used to perform and visualize acoustic calculations are described. Approbation of the proposed approaches was carried out using the example of Perm with the identification of sources of road noise as the main con...

The rapid growth of the archives of the publicly available remote sensing data (RSD) of the Earth turns them into big data. In fact, for every element of the RSD resolution, tens of thousands of scenes and hundreds of thousands of spectral values are accumulated. The processing of individual images and channels becomes difficult, if at all possible. On the other hand, the quality of traditional statistical information on the territory of Russia is decreasing. It is almost impossible to understand where, how much a...

The indoor climate of buildings is one of the most important components that directly affect human health, well-being, and then the work performance of each of us. We are witnesses of the past and the present when we are experiencing so-called sick building syndrome. At present, however, an extraordinary emphasis is placed on building assessment from the energy saving point of view. The era of homes with almost zero energy consumption is beginning. To meet this requirement, attention must be paid not only to energ...

Calculation of the mining support in tunnels and/or underground facilities can be based on application of contemporary numerical methods, but sometimes it can be performed with the classical methods too. These methods can be found to be used in order to choose variants and ways of supporting, but also in the moments that unpredictably appears during the construction of facility. Before installing a permanent mining support, these methods can help the projector at the selection of type of support and ways of tempor...

Use of digital elevation models is crucial in fast growing need on developing project documentation to design roads and other buildings. There are a lot of different digital elevation models available online for free download and free use. However the production of such models come from different sources and one can expect different results using different digital elevation models. In this paper evaluation of such digital elevation models will be given. Faculty of Geotechnical Engineering is monitoring exploitatio...

One of the most important stages of the rehabilitation process, in the case of historical buildings, is to find the best solutions that can ensure, in the most efficient and nonaggressive way, the thermal comfort inside the building. In the study of this case, the authors identified several essential aspects in determining the best practices for assuring the heat consumption in buildings declared as historical monuments dating back to the 18th century. Among these we can mention: the destination of the building (t...

Product manufacturing continuously increases despite of complicated relations and unstable world economics. Various forecasts of development in industry show that in future the consumption should not decrease; on the contrary, it should slightly increase. This happens even despite of minimization in industry. But production processes present environmental charging for any company, acting in given sector. Treatment of waste is important for producers of all kind of waste, as well as for consumers that are producing...

Paper deals with problems of evaluation of limit states at determining of value of technical objects, who have significant impact on environment. Trucks belong typically to objects with environmental impact and the legal framework influences and limits the possibility of their usage. One of the important input values for determination of vehicle value is the length of its operating life. Currently the object limit state is considered, when the object is not able to fulfil the function, or the level of functional p...

Whey cheeses, among which Ricotta is the famous one, are considered valuable food products from a nutritional point of view, enabling sustainable valorization of whey, a major by-product of dairy industry. As a consequence of their rich composition, high moisture content and pH, whey cheeses favor microorganism growth. That is why, producers have to pay special attention to avoid spoilage and risks to the consumer?s health, recalls and economic losses. They also need to meet health-conscious consumers demand for h...

Whey cheeses, among which Ricotta is the famous one, are considered valuable food products from a nutritional point of view, enabling sustainable valorization of whey, a major by-product of dairy industry. As a consequence of their rich composition, high moisture content and pH, whey cheeses favor microorganism growth. That is why, producers have to pay special attention to avoid spoilage and risks to the consumer?s health, recalls and economic losses. They also need to meet health-conscious consumers demand for h...

In regions with complex geological history, diversity of climate, soils and parent rocks, it is possible to predict a large number of paths for soils recovery in the areas that have been disturbed by human activity. The purpose of this work was to identify territorial difference of rocks within the Crimean Peninsula basing on the content of the trace elements and macroelements, assessment of potential suitability of disturbed rocks of various age and chemical composition for efficient pedogenesis during implementa...

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate human exposure to whole-body vibration on a ship and to find a relationship between the value of the vibration parameters transmitted by a ship sailing on the Danube to the sailors and the magnitude of their perception. Experimental: A) Whole body vibrations transmitted to sailors working on a ship sailing on the Danube were measured. The experiments were made in the summer and the Danube had small waves. There were 3 subjects that were placed successively for 30 minutes in...

The formation conditions of limonite, often iron-oxide and hydroxide containing mineraloids can be related to the crystallisation process of iron oxides minerals in weathering crust sedimentation. Iron oxides (goethite, hematite) and their various admixtures form lithification compounds. The research involved the analysis of limonite concretions and their thin sections, composition analysis and interpreting the conditions of formation. Thin sections were examined by the difference in the formation of limonite agei...

Nutrient pollution and harmful algal blooms cause major environmental damage as well as serious human and animal health problems. Moreover, they take a toll on the economy, hurting industries and sectors that depend on clean water. High levels of nitrogen and phosphorus in water induce algae to grow faster than the lake ecosystems can handle. The increase in algae content damages the quality of lake water, food resources, and reduces the amount of oxygen needed to survive aquatic life. So-called algal blooms can s...