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Economic analysis was performed for a new process that will be adapted to an existing coal-fired power plant process in order to recycle bottom ash with the objective of obtaining synthetic graphite. Synthetic graphite is a valuable raw material with many industrial applications. It can replace successfully natural graphite, saving capital and environmental costs associated to graphite extraction. Bottom ash resulting from combustion of low quality lignite at a Romanian coal-fired power plant contains significant ...

One of the main geo-environmental issues of the Central Black Earth Region is the degradation of the topsoil of agricultural landscapes caused by intensive water erosion. Enhanced water erosion processes in agricultural landscapes limit, on the one hand, the possibility of sustainable agricultural production, and on the other hand, they disrupt the ecological balance of geo-ecosystems. The goal of the study was to assess the risk of water erosion of soils in intensively exploited agricultural landscapes on the exa...

The application of ultrawideband signals and large apertures provides a high detailed radar image, where a vast majority of terrain objects may be considered as spatially distributed. The examples of such spatially distributed targets are different types of agricultures, forests, infrastructural objects, which could be recognized against the background of vegetation or bare soils. Another example of a spatially distributed target are ships and glaciers against the background of the water surface. The main purpose ...

Heat exchangers are important components of cryogenic installations. The modern and advanced cryogenic systems have bulky heat exchangers, weigh tens of tons, are made of copper and its alloys, stainless steel or aluminum. The main challenge in the field is related to the need to reduce size and weight of the heat exchangers by using appropriate construction shape and modern materials. Heat exchangers used in cryogenics can be divided into three main groups: tubular, spiral and efficient or compact exchangers. In ...

In this paper will be indicated the different behaviour of buildings in Bucharest, mistakes in design and execution, state of codes and regulations in the XXth century, revealing what went wrong. Several national and international research programs were done in the past to understand the causes for the Vrancea seismicity, to study the seismic wave propagation in the region and to assess seismic hazard for Bucharest and other communities. Especially in Bucharest, high-quality seismic data were acquired obtaining a ...

Forest fires occur for natural and anthropogenic reasons. In the vicinity of settlements, forest fires occur mainly as a result of human activity. The occurrence of a forest fire is characterized by the presence of a person in a forested area (anthropogenic load), the presence of ignition sources and the process of forest fuel ignition. It is important to understand how the anthropogenic load is distributed around the locality and to simulate it using computer technology. The purpose of the work is a numerical stu...

The paper focuses on interconnectedness of human and environment with rapidly rising urban space developments in Lahore ? the second largest city of Pakistan. The city has a long history of more than 2000 years. It reflects the developmental aspects of Mughal Era and remnants of British colonial rule. From 1999 to 2011 the growth rate of the city in terms of built up area has doubled. Thus, mounting a huge pressure on the city administration responsible of managing infrastructure and slum settlements. Due to rapid...

A problem of presence or absence small changes determining on the reflecting surface during the observation session is often occurring while solving many problems of space monitoring. Examples of such problems are the ice situation forecasting, emergencies forecasting and detecting (i.e., fires, floods, landslides, mudflows, etc.), detection of forest areas unauthorized logging, forecasts of agricultural yields, analysis the sea surfaces, and many others. For reliable detection in reviewed situations, they recomme...

E-commerce involves the processes of selling and buying goods and services through the use of modern communication technologies and the Internet. The success of this form of commerce largely depends on the website through which the sales are carried out. Modern online e-commerce platforms are sophisticated applications that perform multiple functions. They are both a marketing tool that attracts customers, dynamic systems that allow interaction with the users, and the realization of transactions and a portal with ...

The paper considers previously unknown denudation-tectonic circular landforms with the diameter of 1.5-2 km, defined by us as karst calderas. These forms are presented in western Georgia, namely in Zemo Imereti Plateau, on the carbonate-terrigenous cover of the Georgian block. Endogenous-exogenous mechanism and conditions of their origin have been proposed in the paper. The integrity of the substrate cover in its local volume is violated by the stamp impact of the hearth structure on the covering of Pre-Cretaceous...

The landslide cycle of development of deep-seated landslides begins when a new landslide block is being separated from the bedrock mass. It completes when this landslide block is displaced to the level of a landslide terrace, situated on the landslide slope. The initial stress state in the bedrock mass with horizontal earth surface (before the landslide block forms) is regulated by the Mohr-Coulomb criterion. The appearing of a landslide cirque as well as the sliding basis causes the change in the initial stress s...

The study focuses on programs for optimization of ambient air quality monitoring in residential areas in a large industrial center. The method for establishing the optimal number and location of sampling points and monitoring programs has been proposed and tested. The list of the chemical compounds to be controlled was determined by using the methodology of the population?s health risk assessment and spatial analysis of exposure levels and formed risk parameters on the basis of the geographic information systems. ...

The geological material on gold-platinoid mineralization of separate regions of Kazakhstan for the purpose of expansion of mineral resource base of precious metals of the Republic is collected and generalized. In East and South-East Kazakhstan there are large-volume complex gold-platinum deposits and ore occurrences in the black-shale strata of the Paleozoic, which are characterized by a relatively low metal content, large volumes of ore and large reserves of metals that require specialized scientific research. Th...

Baikal sponges account for a significant proportion of lake zoobenthos. The filtration activity of sponges determines their important role in the processes of self-purification of a reservoir. In recent years, depression has been observed, and in some areas even the death of the Baikal sponges. It has been suggested that the negative phenomena observed in the sponge populations may be associated with an increase in the supply of various detergents and surfactants to Lake Baikal. The trophic activity of the Baikal ...

The report summarizes the results of research on the topic of the report carried out by the authors in 2017-2019 as part of the study of climate change problem. The purpose of the research is the approximate physical and cost assessment of ecosystem services of binding, long-term deposition and fossilization of excess atmospheric carbon dioxide by marine ecosystems. The object of research is dissolved organic matter (DOM) as a large reservoir of atmospheric carbon deposition in the seas of Northern Pacifica. The s...

Development of the effective education systems and their constant improvement lays a basis for stable function of any state. Economic strategy of Russia and achievement of high living standard for majority of population possible only when educational system in the country will reach international levels. It is well known, that in Russia any University must pass the rigid system of accreditation to satisfy and match federal the educational standards. The main aim of such accreditation is to test quality and depth o...

The Rostov urban agglomeration is the largest in the Southern Federal District. Due to the rapidly growing population, the number of industrial enterprises is also increased, the by-products of which are various heavy metals. Accumulation of heavy metals negatively affects the biological and enzyme activity, leads to the general soil degradation. But the most dangerous factor for plants and other living organisms is the degree of availability, which is determined by the mobility of the chemical elements. Compared ...

The aim of work was to evaluate the influence of the grown locality on heavy metal intake (Zn, Cu, Cr, Co, Ni, Pb and Cd) from the soil to the soybean seeds. The research was realised in five different localities of Slovakia using the same soybean cultivar (Mentor). The total content of heavy metals and their mobile forms in individual soils was compared with the limit values according to Law 220/2004 and the European Commission (2006). In all soil samples the determined total content of Cd and in one locality als...

The elements content (Fe, Mn, Al, Zn, Cu, Cr, Pb, Ni, Cd, Ba, Sr, V) in the tissues of fish (muscles, liver, gills) of various trophic level (bream (Abramis brama) and a pike perch (Zander lucioperca) from the Sheshma River (the Middle Volga Region, Russia) is given. A lot of different technologies, including solvent cyclic steam-assisted gravity drainage and cyclic steam stimulation, are used for oil production in the catchment area of the Sheshma River. It was shown that both species of fish accumulated Pb (musc...

Significant differences were found in the degree of penetration of 137Cs, 90Sr, and 241Am into the bottom sediments depending on the type and origin of the waterbody. In most cases, the upper 10 cm layer of bottom sediments is the most contaminated, but the degree of penetration of 137Cs, 90Sr, 241Am in it is higher than the observed values for soils. 90Sr migrates most deeply. The highest content of radionuclides is found in closed and low-flowing waterbodies, such as isolated floodplain lakes in the Pripyat rive...

The content of pollutants in the bottom sediments of coastal waters with limited water exchange characterize the total load on the water area and catchment of bays. This paper presents the definition of the total content of trace elements such as Cr, Co, Ni, Pb, Zn, V, Sr (mg/kg) and metal oxides TiO2, MnO, Fe2O3 (%). Samples were taken in the surface layer of bottom sediments of the Sevastopol Bay in 2016. The bottom sediments of the Sevastopol bays accumulate a wide range of organic and inorganic pollutants ente...

Currently, one of actual problems of exploration geology and mining, while estimating and exploiting mineral deposits, is to improve the accuracy and reliability of minerals contouring. This problem applies both to the deposit contouring in general, and to the contouring of various interested areas within ore bodies - waste rocks, various natural ore types and technological ore grades etc. In order to solve this problem, geostatistical method of spatial variable study - indicator variogram and indicator kriging is...

The paper focuses on the experimental determination of the accuracy of automatic angular targeting of total stations. The measurements were carried out with Trimble S6 HP and Trimble S8 HP robotic total stations owned by the Department of Special Geodesy at the Faculty of Civil Engineering, CTU in Prague. Accuracy of targeting was determined with use of both laboratory and outdoor experimental geodetic networks. The laboratory micronetworks were two. One was made up of 10 points with a length of sight from 1.8 m t...

The authors presents part of his case study for the implementation of ?parametric budgeting? innovation in this article, presenting it in respective construction company, focused on construction of passive and low-energy family houses on the basis of wood ? green buildings. In general, the study focuses on meeting of innovation objectives in the area of construction objects? pricing with focus on preparation of price offers for the construction of low-energy and passive building, designed for living, in the Czech ...

In the NW part of the Romania, there are geological conditions that allow to geothermal phenomena to manifest on the surface of the Earth. The limited exploitation of this energy resource is still limited by existing technologies and by the high cost of deep-water equipment. For a good image of the Romania's geothermal potential, we present, in our paper, the temperature map at 3000 m deep and the geothermal flow map on the surface. These maps were made with the Surfer program, based on the data obtained through d...

The tertiary sector of education as an area providing the highest education is an area requiring continuous development that corresponds to developments in society and labor market needs. That is why it is necessary to continuously expand the diversification of acquisition forms and methods of education in cooperation with businesses and other institutions. College of Logistics provides tertiary education in logistics. The bachelor's and master's degree programs are professionally oriented. The emphasis in educati...

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) belong to the family of zinc metalloprotenases, whose function is related to the metabolism of the extracellular matrix proteins. These enzymes play an important role in the development of physiological processes such as morphogenesis, resorption and tissue remodeling, migration, adhesion, cell differentiation and proliferation, as well as in pathological conditions (rheumatoid arthritis, glomerulonephritis, periodontitis, ulceration of the cornea, etc.). To the first, the most stud...

There have occurred significant changes in the world political stage over the last more than 20 years. Events of the recent decades have changed territory, economic, social, natural resource and environmental situation in Russia. Nowadays up to 70% of territory of the Russian Federation, nearly half of northern land areas of the globe are regarded as territory of the nordic region and the Arctic region. The notion ?Arctic region? (?Arctic zone?) has no distinct definition, it is frequently equated with the notion ...

This article deals with the study of one of the most complex administrative and legal elements of legal providing of environmental safety of the population as a vital value of humanity in the context of the inadmissibility of weakening the overall national security. This element is studied in correlation to security and the duty of state to guarantee human values in terms of strategic planning, prevention of problematic aspects that threaten public safety, including environmental. In the branches of legal science,...

During the last years, under Schlumberger brand, several methods have been refined for determining detailed characteristics of geological formations, as they are necessary in the assessment of shale gas potential based on drilling core investigations, wells diagraphies investigations, seismic investigations, and combination of all these. The correct determination of lithofacies of the cores leads to a quality diagnosis of shales reservoirs. The accurate mineralogy input is obtained by Litho Scanner in the sCore li...

The establishment of a special regime of nature management in the Baikal natural territory is the main form of organization of environmental activities and state regulation of the water bodies quality in the Baikal region. At the same time, the rationing of admissible impacts on the ecosystem of Lake Baikal is the main tool for regulating economic and other activities. The implementation of increased requirements in terms of guaranteed preservation of the Lake Baikal water quality was carried out in the period 196...

The New Ecological Paradigm Scale is one of the widest used instruments in the assessment of environmental attitudes and there is a consensus in the scientific community on the validity of the scale. The scale allows measurement of five dimensions of the pro-environmental attitudes (the fragility of nature?s balance, the reality of limits to growth, antianthropocentrism, rejection of exemptionalism and the possibility of an ecocrisis). In this paper, we have analyzed the influence of age and gender variables on th...

The article focusses on ageing cycling infrastructure and issues of sustainability from the perspective of pavement management system and economic implications. Light cycling paths pavements are well suited to bear non-motorised traffic without suffering plastic deformations. Given that draining is maintained and adjacent vegetation is regularly cut, these pavements can perform well for very long periods. That said, the pavements still succumb to climatic effects acting on the pavement?s surfacing. Chemical proper...

The bactericidal properties of silver and its compounds are known for a long time. Silver has antimicrobial properties against a wide range of microorganisms, not only bacteria, but also some fungi, as well as viruses. However, several mechanisms have been identified for the formation of resistance to silver in bacteria. It?s relevant to search for new reagents, which would increase the aggressive stability of the argentum?s compounds. Purpose is study of the influence of various chemical nature SAS on the aggrega...

Economic activities in the Black Sea basin are various and multiple. Seaborne trade between countries from Asia, Africa, and Europe together with exploiting continental shelf hydrocarbon resources involve an intense maritime transport activity. Harmful gas emissions from ships unavoidably accompany these activities. The latest reports indicate that ships' emissions are the primary air pollutant with a destructive impact on climate change and human health. In this respect, the most sensitive area is the coastal one...

Taking into account the increase of maritime activities in the port of Constanta, the largest port of Romania and also one of the most important of the European Union (EU), the air quality evaluation is necessary. Moreover, the port is located very close to the city with the same name and this favouring the risk to affect a very large number of inhabitants of the city with the exhaust gases resulting from the port activities. The goal of this study is to evaluate the influence of maritime activities on air quality...

Study aims to detect the hazardous elements in the ambient air at inside university environment. Air pollution was evaluated using moss and lichen bag technique. One lichen (Hypogymnia physodes) and one moss (Dicrannum scoparium) taxa were used for research purposes. Research was conducted in four room types (laboratory, hall, office and pc rooms) and two different moisture treatments (without intervention, regularly moistened) were conducted. Relative accumulation factor (RAF) was used in order to assess each ris...

The production of particulate matter from different sources is a problem in the cities. An important role in air pollution is played by industry and road transport. Traffic volume continues to grow and road transport has the greatest impact on the atmosphere in the vicinity of the urban roads. Due to the dominant use of combustion engines, exhaust gases contain large amounts of gaseous pollutants as well as particulate matter. They particularly include a large amount of the finest PM fractions, which can remain in...

An urgent problem in the design of adaptive training complexes (ATC) is to find the optimal set of visualization tools and technologies. Currently, there is a wide variety of visualization components on the market, so it is impossible to choose the best solution at the moment. At the design stage, the traditional expert approach is currently the most widespread. However, it is subjective, not accurate enough, and the resulting solution is not always optimal. Therefore, this article discusses the method of selectio...

Within the framework of this work the solution of the problem of synthesis of adaptive electronic document management system (EDMS) is considered. An important problem of modern information systems is their personalization to the individual characteristics of users. This improves their efficiency, flexibility, convenience and productivity. To solve the problem of synthesis of adaptive EDMS proposed algorithmic and mathematical support, the original concept of information system architecture and the use of machine ...

It is well known that soil polluted with different pollutants, including oil, can naturally remediate. Primarily, the process of oil utilization starts with the degradation of saturated alkanes by microorganisms. Alkane monooxygenase is the major enzyme involved in the degradation of alkanes and it is classified into three groups, each catalyzing the degradation of n-alkanes with different chain lengths. In this study, we investigated abundance of alkane monooxygenases genes in the soil contaminated with oil durin...

Romanian economy is based, to a certain extent, on chemical industry and its approximately 300 SEVESO operators present on its territory. This situation implies numerous transports of raw materials or final products between operators in the chemical industry and/or other economic entities. A considerable number of cargos may consist in actual shipments of hazardous materials (HAZMAT), fact that can lead to an important issue: in Romania, a developing country, the current road transport infrastructure for dangerous...

The article presents standard and alternative methods of managing sewage sludge and the biodegradable fraction of municipal waste. The work focuses on sewage sludge and bio-waste not contaminated with heavy metals. The absence of the abovementioned impurities enables their processing that they can become a valuable product with high fertilizer value. In the work, special emphasis was placed on techniques similar to natural, i.e. composting and vermicomposting. These two methods are most widely described because th...

This article discusses the formation and development of the American and Russian intelligentsia in the first half of the 19th century. An attempt is made to determine the basic prerequisites and sources of formation of the intelligentsia as a special social layer within the national structure of American and Russian society. The characteristic of its separate representatives and specific features of development of their views are presented. Special attention is paid to the American literary intelligentsia, aboliti...

The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the capacity of an activated zeolite for ammonium removal in fixed-bed column. The influence of process parameters, such as activated natural zeolite quantity (1 - 6 g) and ammonium initial concentration (10 - 70 mg/L) was investigated. The experimental results were analyzed using the most common sorption kinetic models, such as Thomas, Adam-Bohart, as well Clark, by linear regression analysis in order to characterize the removal process. The obtained values showed th...

The comprehensive description of ground motions induced by seismic and paraseismic phenomena requires collecting data of six components of seismic wave. Three of them, so-called translational waves, comprise two horizontal and one vertical ground motions. These types of ground movements have been well identified and investigated. Unfortunately, until recently, the remaining three components named as rotational waves were generally estimated with the use of indirect methods based on recorded translational ground mo...

Alzheimer`s diseases (AD) is the most common age-related dementia, being characterized by accumulation of extracellular amyloid plaques in AD brains. The principal constituent of these plaques are fibrils which are primarily composed of amyloid-? peptides (A?), with 39-42 amino acid residues in length, which are the proteolysis products derived from the amyloid precursor peptide (APP). Several factors, such as oxidative stress, inflammation, metal ions or genetic factors are associated with AD. Even if metal ions ...

Approximation technologies have regained much interest in recent years in the context of wide variety of computation techniques and large scale optimization. The purpose of this study is to outline the conceptual framework and architectural design of adaptive library for approximate solutions based on multi-extremum functions. Simulation technology of complex systems includes approximation methods as estimation tools. Despite the fast development of computing power and technology, many problems of multi-extremum o...

Kherson is located within the dry steppe subzone of the Steppe zone of Ukraine. Therefore, woody vegetation is not typical for the Kherson urbo-ecosystem. And hence, single trees and dendrological parks are unique azonal natural objects that require careful control and conservation. Currently, there are 10 objects in the nature reserve fund of Kherson. Among them there are four parks, monuments of garden art and six botanical nature monuments of local significance. The parks-monuments include the Botanical Garden ...

This paper presents a cross-sectional analysis of the noise inside the engine room of a commercial ship that navigates a section of the Romanian Danube segment. The noises of river ships are heard inside the ship by the crew as well as by the passengers, but also on the outside of the ship by the aquatic and riverside fauna. Determinations took place on a 6-bar pusher ship for 3 days, on the Danube, between 17 and 19 February 2018, on the route Braila (170 km) - Calarasi (km 365). On average, were made about 100 k...