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Mining projects in structurally complex geological environments are significantly affected by uncertainty related to fault systems, fracture networks and groundwater pathways. This uncertainty directly impacts exploration efficiency, slope stability and operational safety. This paper presents an integrated workflow combining petroleum-style subsurface interpretation, AI-assisted digital geological analysis and geomechanical modelling. The approach focuses on transforming heterogeneous geological datasets into cohe...

The paper examines the application of different monitoring methods for slope processes in determining the location and geometry of the slip surface in landslides. An integrated approach is presented, combining field engineering geological reconnaissance, geodetic monitoring of surface displacements, engineering geological and hydrogeological investigations, inclinometer measurements, and penetration tests. The capabilities and limitations of the individual methods in identifying active shear zones and the depth of...

The central part of the Czech Republic, called the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands, is well known for its historical mining activities, especially silver ores in the Jihlava district, dating back to the medieval period. Evidence of historical mining is still visible in the local landscape. This article analyses water samples collected at various locations within the so-called Pekelska stola (Hollen Stollen), near the town of Strbrne Hory. The mining activities in this adit have been documented since the 17th century; ...

Engineering-geological and hydrogeological investigations play an important role in the selection and design of dewatering methods for construction excavations and the choice of the foundation type of the designed buildings. This paper presents a case study from a construction site in Sofia city, situated in the southernmost part of the Sofia graben and near by a river terrace. The project involves the construction of a five-story residential building with one underground level. The groundwater table was establish...

Groundwater retention potential assessment is essential for sustainable water resource management, climate adaptation, and spatial planning. Previous studies based on Analytic Hierarchy Process have demonstrated the usefulness of expert-driven multi-criteria analysis for identifying areas favourable for groundwater retention using geospatial and hydrogeological data. Building upon this approach, the present study proposes a comparative and hybrid modelling framework integrating AHP and Random Forest for groundwate...

Landslides represent one of the most significant geohazards affecting infrastructure settlements agricultural land and public safety in Kosovo This study presents geological monitoring and preliminary geoengineering assessment of several active landslide zones identified in the municipalities of Klin Istog Gjakov and Pej The investigated localities include Llazinc Zllakuqan Vrell Crmjan Sig Dushkaj and the PejKull road axis The research is based on field investigations geomorphological observations geological mapp...

A recent experimental study identified a novel "hydro-chemo-mechanical" trigger for soil liquefaction: internal pore-pressure build-up generated by carbon dioxide (CO2) accumulation during the buffering of acidic mine water by carbonate-rich soil. However, the interpretations of the experiment were constrained by heterogeneity and the underestimation of pressure build-up due to system failure following the peak pressure. This study addresses these limitations by developing a numerical framework to quantify the tra...

The 26 November 2019 Mw 6.4 Durres earthquake highlighted the importance of local site effects and liquefaction susceptibility within the Durres coastal plain, western Albania. In response, the InfraSoilArray project was initiated to improve the seismic characterization of the Durres basin using passive and active geophysical methods. This study presents preliminary seismic microzonation results obtained from the combined application of the Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) and Multichannel Analysis of ...

Bulgaria is characterized by a high level of landslide activity and erosion-abrasion processes. The main factors affecting slope stability often include rising groundwater levels, river erosion, abrasion, flash floods, and surface runoff. Traditional horizontal or vertical drainage systems may take months or even years to become fully effective. To expand drainage options for steep slopes and accelerate the dewatering process, this paper reviews current drainage practices and surface runoff management at two sites...

Groundwater represents a vital yet often overlooked source of freshwater, essential for public water supply, agriculture, industry, and maintaining ecosystem functions. In the context of accelerating climate change, overexploitation, and water quality degradation, the sustainable management of groundwater resources is becoming increasingly important. The aim of this study is to analyze current approaches to groundwater governance based on case studies from California, Orange County, the Netherlands, and India, and...

This study examines the influence of cutter geometry on cutting forces and rock destruction efficiency in drilling, with relevance beyond geological applications. We explored optimizing geometric parameters - attack angle (0--45-), cutting edge width, and profile shape (straight, wedge, radial) - to boost efficiency and cut energy use. Numerical simulations via SolidWorks finite element analysis (FEA) used a tetrahedral mesh (0.1-0.5 mm elements) and the Mohr-Coulomb criterion to model cutter interactions with roc...

Catamarans are widely used in marine transport due to their advantages in stability and speed. However, their hydrodynamic performance is affected by the interaction between the two hulls, which creates complex interference phenomena influencing resistance and fuel consumption. Understanding and quantifying these interference effects is essential for optimizing catamaran, a key factor not only for operational efficiency and emissions reduction but also for achieving climate-resilient, energy-efficient marine trans...

The Bohemian-Moravian Highlands represents an area rich in the abundance of old mining structures of various origin, like e.g. adits, shafts, paddy fields, quarries and age from medieval to modern. For example, Jihlava ore district is well-known for its medieval mining and processing of polymetallic silver ores. The locations of some old mining sites are well documented, however, the knowledge about many of them was lost over time. As a possible indicator of the existence of the old mining sites, spring water anal...

The selection of foundation type for photovoltaic (PV) panels depends on several factors, including soil type, geographical location, site topography, groundwater level, and soil corrosion potential. Common foundation solutions for ground-mounted PV panels include ballasted foundations, ground screws, helical piles, and, most frequently, driven steel micropiles. The current study focuses on optimizing the design of foundations using steel micropiles by leveraging Cone Penetration Test (CPT) results to enable more ...

Passive acid mine drainage (AMD) treatment technologies are technically simplified systems that allow easy control, low capital and operational expenditures, and operating regime that is resilient to varying conditions. Classical technologies for the treatment of AMD with high metal content are based on the process of chemical neutralization. The most commonly used materials or reagents to induce passive neutralization are lime (slaked or quicklime), limestone, soda ash, magnesium hydroxide as well as industrial w...

Settlement risk is a critical concern in geotechnical engineering, especially for infrastructure on soft, variable soils. Traditional settlement estimation methods often rely on deterministic parameters, which can lead to overly conservative designs or, conversely, an underestimation of potential risks. While probabilistic approaches have been proposed to account for uncertainty, they often rely on simplified stratigraphic assumptions such as horizontal layering that limit their realism. This study addresses that ...

The impact of abandoned mines on the water environment is a significant concern due to the long-lasting ecological and health effects associated with mining activities. Numerous scientific studies highlight that abandoned mines pose substantial threats to local water quality through the release of toxic substances and heavy metals into adjacent ecosystems. The zones of the 2 mines have been subject to various environmental and hydrological assessments, particularly concerning the effects of mining activities on wa...

Acid mine drainage (AMD) is a significant environmental issue especially in countries like Bulgaria that currently has 486 closed and abandoned mining waste facilities including tailings, dumps and heaps. Some of them are thoroughly investigated and known for their low pH levels and high metal and metalloid concentrations. The most conventional active treatment method for AMD involves neutralization through the use of different reagents. However, a significant limitation in the application of this method is the la...

The extensive network of engineering protection of the territory of the Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra against the impact of hazardous processes (landslides, flooding) includes more than 5 km of retaining walls (brick, concrete, pile-based) and about 12 km of drainage networks (tunnel, gallery, and radial types). The effectiveness of the drainage adit systems (DAS) on the Upper Lavra and the radial drainage on the territory of the Guest Yard (Inn Courtyard) of the Lower Lavra was analyzed. The paper proposes an assessment of...

In the face of an ever-evolving environment, a crucial challenge emerges concerning the dynamic interplay between the sea and the land. Amidst these complexities, a fundamental question arises: should human intervention seek to reshape the natural processes, or should it primarily focus on comprehensive understanding, aiming to maintain a semblance of equilibrium? These intricacies, along with several important technical considerations, underscore the imperative to safeguard coastal regions against the escalating ...

The paper presents the results of determining waterlogging zones and their factors using non-destructive monitoring methods on the territory of the Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra Metropolitan's Garden. The research was carried out using the methods of electrotomography, natural electric field with the use of subsurface sounding radars. The results of electrotomography were interpreted using two- and three-dimensional models. The territory of the Upper Lavra Metropolitan-s Garden is a combination of complex engineering and ge...

The paper presents research on the development of enrichment of polymetallic ores of the Elan deposit. The heterogeneity of textures, structures and material composition of the ores of the Elan deposit make it a difficult object for technological research. The research was focused on the development of waste-free enrichment technology; progressive stadial, collective and collectively selective flotation schemes with full water circulation, ensuring environmental protection, using both currently manufactured by ind...

Most rivers in the temperate zone experience flooding due to snowmelt or heavy rainstorms. The lower Danube rivers has caused significant economic damages and in some cases even loss of human life. Understanding the relationship between the occurrence rate of Danube rivers flood events and climate change is crucial for flood risk management in Romania. Here we present a multiproxy and observational data set of floods from the lower Danube Basin Rivers over the last millennium. The results highlight that the lower ...

The work aims to characterize the slope instabilities present in the Taveiro Sand and Clay - Areias e Argilas de Taveiro - Formation, which occurs in the municipalities of Condeixa and Coimbra, in central-western Portugal. The Areias e Argilas de Taveiro Formation, of Upper Cretaceous - Campanian - age, is made up of successions of metric layers of red, and brownish or pinkish pelites, interbedded with coarse arkosic sandstones. It has as maximum thickness of about 170 m. A total of 27 slopes with stability proble...

The present study aims to investigate the current conditions of saltwater intrusion in the Shabla - Krapets area, a long-known area of groundwater salinization. The main objectives of this investigation are (i) to find the interface (boundary) between fresh and salty (brackish) water and (ii) to study the seasonal dynamic of saltwater movement in the aquifer (intrusion). The results were obtained from July 2022 to the end of 2023. In the area of investigation (aquifer), there is a fresh groundwater layer which thi...

In this work, a rock fall assessment was carried out in two distinct areas in southwest Angola. One is located next to Chapel of Nossa Senhora do Monte in the urban area of Lubango. The other area is located on the road between the city of Lubango and the tourist area of Tundavala. The rock mass of the first area belongs to the Tundavala Formation of the Chela Group and consists of quartzitic-sandstone with a sub-horizontal bedding attitude. The rock mass in the second area is composed of quartzitic-sandstone and ...

This paper focuses on the Deep Seated Gravitational Slope Deformation (DSGSD) affecting Val Roncaglia (Northern Italy). Based on the state of the art about DSGSD, the study area was characterized from geologic, tectonic, geomorphological, and hydrogeological points of view in order to reconstruct the conceptual model of the slope (geometry, geomaterials and their properties). Moreover, based on the available monitoring data, the landslide kinematics was pointed out together with its possible evolution and the rela...

Among the important parameters determining the likelihood of occurrence of significant damage to engineering structures during an earthquake are the dynamic and seismic characteristics of the structures such as natural frequency, damping coefficient, and vulnerability index of the structure. In this article, the Nakamura method is applied to investigate the seismic stability of an earth-filled dam wall and the surface layer using microtremors. Measurements were taken at seven points on the dam crest and three poin...

In recent decades, we have witnessed an extraordinary progress in tasks related to the problems of the interaction of building structures with the subsoil. The transition from low-rise buildings to high-ones, the design of more subtle structures hand in hand with the full use of building materials, places increasing demands on the methods of foundation of building objects. These tendencies might result in some problems when the issues of the interaction between the upper structure and the subsoil assume a dominant...

Subway construction in the central parts of cities requires the implementation of the latest technological advances in underground construction. These achievements relate to the construction of the main road arteries of the metro. Despite the implemented technical innovations in mass construction, problems need to be solved that require a creative approach for unique cases in technology and security. Risk cases along the subway route are most often concentrated in areas in contact with existing facilities and cont...

In this paper, the main maritime exploration techniques have been analyzed, the seismic refraction, and the seismic reflection. Pursuant to the performed research, we considered the seismic reflection to be of interest, for which we shall suggest improvement in how the data is collected by proposing a hydrophone design. At present, the continuation of exploitation of the traditional basins of natural resources (gas, oil), as well as the emergence of new reserves, such as those in the Black Sea, make it compulsory ...

The impact pile driving method is widely used for the reinforced concrete piles and metal tubular piles with a large weight. Pile driving is a dynamic process: the energy of heavy hammer impact on the pile head is transmitted through the pile shaft and pile toe to the surrounding soil, exciting vibrations of the soils particles and propagation further to the ground. Propagation distance is increasing with driving depth. Impact borned waves must be taken into account during construction work near existing buildings...

The study of the effect of blasting on bench stability is indispensable for the overall mine-s safety, in this perspective, we conducted a study in the limestone quarry, which is characterized by a highly fractured rock mass. While the quarry presents a steep topographic profile, the extraction is carried out on a single operating edge. The blasting operations in the quarry offer an unsatisfying fragmentation (high percentage of oversized boulders), important overbreak, and deformation to the bench-s face; these i...

The stability analysis of underground excavations is a crucial part of the design of underground excavations. One of the most common collapse hazards derives from rock mass cracking which creates potential wedge blocks falling or sliding into the tunnel. Many researchers have addressed this subject and are trying to resolve this critical issue for the safety of underground tunnels. The most extensive research involves implementing finite or discrete element numerical algorithms to analyze wedges. However, this ana...

In the case of road routes in natural and urban environments, a problem arises with a weak foundation at the boundaries of the easement of the facilities. The weak foundation is in the form of landslides, unstable varieties and ravines on which an embankment is built. In an urban environment, the weak base usually covers a much wider area than the easement of the roadways and streets to be strengthened. In order to avoid stabilization of the entire affected city infrastructure and to limit the strengthening activi...

For the most risky sections in the metro construction, the postulates of the mining methods using steel structures have to be used. With the classic settings of these methods, innovative technical solutions can be achieved, to which this report is dedicated. It is necessary to search for simplified, safe and durable tunnels and shafts when crossing existing subway lines. On this basis, the statements of the specific geomechanical tasks were formulated. In the case of shafts, the fundamental differences in the appl...

One of the main sources of risk on slopes in the road infrastructure is the lack of sufficient technical awareness and creative competence of the specialists involved in the investment process. The impact of these sources can be minimized by implementing an appropriate risk management, prevention and protection system in slope stabilization. This system should ensure continuity of geotechnical judgment during geological survey, analysis, design and construction. Geotechnical risk should be considered as a product ...

The problem is actual when slope stabilizations are implemented, when the strengthening systems and re-slopes cannot secure road traffic. There are three main reasons for the problem: climate changes, insufficient funds for strengthened infrastructure and implementation by companies without experience in geotechnical construction. A half-tunnel is used in the presence of a retaining wall, which needs to be integrated into the structure of the new facility. For environmental reasons and traffic safety requirements,...

The method of fundamental solutions is a meshless method that belongs to the Trefftz class of numerical methods. The method needs only the boundary to be defined using the set of boundary collocation nodes; it is mathematically effortless to program. One of the imperfections in the context of MFS is the fictitious boundary without any rigorous definition. The other fact that MFS suffers from is the nature of the characteristic matrix that is non-symmetric and fully populated. This issue is overcome by adopting the...

Shallow landslides are induced by extreme hydrological events or by events of medium intensity but prolonged over time. Such slips involve generally limited portions of land; however, they are dangerous due to the absence of warning signals and the lack of knowledge regarding their possible evolution. The aim of this paper is to study the evolution of shallow landslides affected by snowmelt and rainfall and to compare the observations done in situ by means of a statistical analysis of meteorological variables with...

In recent decades, society has paid increased attention to issues related to observed climate change, which also includes recurring extreme hydrological phenomena. Shortterm heavy rainfall and long-term droughts draw attention to the increased need for hydraulic structures, providing protection against floods or creating water supplies in times of water scarcity. Flood control levees are an important part of flood protection measures. We should give them constant attention to prevent them from collapsing, and thei...

The California Bearing Ratio (CBR) is a test designed to measure the bearing capacity of the subgrade during a construction of roads. It has also been used as a baring capacity test for unpaved aircraft runways and other transport areas. Nowadays, CBR is used as a proof and control test in evaluating the bearing capacity of subgrade and structural layers of roads. A distinction is made between the laboratory test and the in-situ test, which is nowadays no longer widely used. This is due to several reasons. It is p...

The groundwater flow problems are often solved using numerical models. The numerical models based of known fundamental solution, known as Trefftz methods, represents one of the efficient approaches used to solve potential flow phenomena described by the Laplace differential equation. The Trefftz-like methods, such as the boundary element method (BEM), represent a very efficient approach to solving groundwater flow problems. However, the implementation of BEM is cumbersome because of the fundamental solution singul...

Many reasons deform the cavity inside the soil. The reasons can be classified to two main reasons natural and artificial reasons. Natural reasons belong to the type of soil (It is usually due to materials that enter the formation of the soil and may be affected by natural factors). And artificial reasons due to human work inside the ground like old buildings. The size of these cavities effect on the capacity on structures and it can cause huge damages for the structures. Experimental study presents the effect of s...

For the geological risk assessment of intermediate underground condition by excavation work, since rocks and geologic structure of each country is different, it is necessary to objectify or classify quantitatively intermediate underground risk evaluation in accordance with Korean geologic characteristics. It could be summarized major factors of rock failure and ground subsidence by geological and geotechnical features as overburden, ground characteristics of soil and rock, geologic structures, hydrogeology, high s...

Following the increased use of sealing structures built in order to isolate historically polluted sites or to repair infiltrations inflicted to the levee of dams, it emerged the need to choose the right materials for constructing barriers using cutoff wall technique. The objective of this paper is to assess the range of suitable material combinations (water, cement and bentonite) in order to attain proper compressive strength, permeability and ductility requirements of such a structure. This paper proposes the rep...

Research Object and Relevance. Inclinometer measurements occupy an important place in geotechnical monitoring of hydraulic structures. Borehole inclinometers are used on tailings dams - they allow you to determine horizontal displacements, shifts, curvature of the casing pipe throughout its entire depth. An important part of the processing of initial data is the identification of various systematic errors. The authors of the article faced the problem of interpreting the displacements at the tailings dam of The Erd...

Infostructures element increased in demand last forty years, these elements provide increasing in the resistance of structures and service age. Due to the difficulty of studying the behavior of parts that embedded in soil special for the anchor plate. A numerical study was adopted to study the behavior of anchor plate inside the soil to see the deformations and the stress that deform inside the soil, also the reaction of soil companion under the effect of this loads. Abaqus is a complete program used to solve the ...

Wastewater treatment and desalination are considered important solutions to meet the water scarcity in Jordan. The irrigation with reclaimed wastewater, that usually has elevated salinity levels, may adversely change soil structure, stability, and hydraulic properties. Water traditional desalination techniques require huge energy and capital investments. Zeolites in normal and nano scales enhance the desalination process performance and reduce its economic and energy requirements. In this study, batch experiments ...

This paper experimentally investigated the effect of using nanomaterials to improve soft soils. Laboratory experimental tests were carried out on loessial soils collected from two different sites in Romania. Two different types of nanomaterials were used in this research, which is namely Nano-MgO with different percentages (0.5%, 0.75%, 1%, and 2%), and Nano-Al2O3 with percentages (0.5%,1%, and 2%), were added to the soil samples, to study their effect on the strength, consistency limits and compressibility of the...