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The aim of this paper is to develop a methodology for predicting the potential of future drilling, not merely on average but more specifically as a function of the grades obtained in the drilling in Chadormalu Ir on ore deposit. In most cases additional samples are collected to reduce the overall unc ertainty on the estimation. To do this, the GET function method is used to find the bore hole locations that are more sensitive in reducing the local and global uncertainty than others. This function considers the Gra...

The paper deals with some factors influencin g the values of sandy soils shear strength parameters, obtained by direct shear test (DST). Influences of density, shear area changing and number of specimens on the test result of clayey sand (SC) and sand with some fines (S-F) are examined. Influences of the density on the values of sandy soils shear strength parameters will be introduced in the paper by the tests with density index 6 . 0 ; 3 . 0=DI and 0.9. Influences of the shear area changing on the values of sandy...

The objective of mine closure is to prev ent or minimize long-term environmental damage, and to create a self-sustaining natural ecosystem or other land use based on an agreed set of objectives. The Romanian mine closure legislation s hould be enforced in the coming years for taking best follow up actions and management of post mining closure. The mine closure is a process which should begi ns during the pre-feasibility phase of a project and continues through operations to lease relinquishment. The closure of min...

It is introduced a complex approach for texture and multispectral segmentation, based on texture analyses. The data fusion method is used for combining the multispectral and texture features of classes in the area s which is investigated. The texture features are estimated by the calculation of variance and skewness statistics over the windows with different sizes. The results ar e integrated with spectral chan nels of satellite images. The images from KOMPSAT-2 satellite are used for testing purposes. The spectra...

Spatial data are being used in the process of effective decision making, for optimal resource management and continuous development. A need for properly maintained cadastral records enforced the development of spatial data infrastr ucture at national, regional and global level. NSDI (National Spatial Data Infras tructure) decreases redundancy and allows an easy access, share and exchange of spatial data on the principles of interoperability. NSDI de velopment must be based on the ISO 19100 series of standards and ...

This paper addresses the problem of defining appropriate characteristic which leads to homogeneous regions identifi cation, required for application of multiple nonlinear regression methodology for interpolation of hydrologic data from gauged to ungauged basins. The underlying methodology of mu ltiple nonlinear regression is based on theory of standardization and normalization of correla tion. In order to obtain synthetic runoff series at ungauged basins, one of the key steps is estimation of spatial correlation f...

This paper provides an analysis of the info rmation registered in the Seveso Plants Information Retrieval System (SPIRS) about Seveso establishments in Europe and which are collected from the 27 European Union Member States (MS) and three EEA/EFTA countries in accordance with the Seveso II Directive. As of September 2010, 9937 Seveso establishments are recorded in SPIRS. Four MS account for more than half (54%) of th ese establishments. This work also highlights the possibility of integrating information contained...

One-step vapor phase oxidation of aliphatic hydrocarbons over nanosized gold catalysts by using oxygen is carried out. Selective oxidation of propylene to propylene oxide, propane to acetone and isobutene to t-butanol with hydrogen- oxygen mixture in flow conditions is investigated. The reaction occurs at the interface perimeter of the support around the gold particles. The activity of these catalysts can be attributed to synergetic effects between gold and titanium. Adsorption of nitrogen oxide over the so synthe...

Building industry has an essential share in depletion of environment and, after food production, belongs to the largest consumer of raw materials. Exploitation, production or transportation of building materials, as well as build-up, operation or demolition of buildings requires massive amounts of energy and results in huge amounts of greenhouse or acidifying gasses emission, par ticipates in depletion of ozone layer, eutrophication processes or photochemical ozone creation. Selection of building materials, as pri...

The issue deals with a interf erences/ relations be tween protected areas and comunities and administrative system, and levels of interference caused by their specific relationships. So it appears as different studies upon the Carpathian region (Popa, Kern, 2008, Stoica, 2008, Pu şcaşu, 2010, Naum, Butnaru, 1983, Chiri ţă, 2009 ). Those relations generated different types of environmental landscapes and dynamic changes in Carpathians area, different spatial sequenc es (Chirita, 2003). not only in the mountain area...

Often manufacturing and preparation of samp les for geomechanical characterization is expensive and time-consuming and energy, and estimate various properties can be made by using empirical correlations. As part of the geomechanical characteristics of rocks are closely linked, can achieve a quantit ative and qualitative an alysis using the correlation functional relationships that can exist between physical properties, strength and deformation. Correlation between rock properties relationships have been establishe...

In this study , Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves Method (MASW), Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) method, resistiv ity tomography and microgravity, together with the were used in Izmir - Turkey. By using these data, soil layer thickness, surface layer of the structural distribution of lateral, vertical direction, and the depth of bedrock were interpretated.

The existing groundwater source for the public water supply of Be čej city in Serbia tapping groundwater from three water-bearing horizons over 15 wells with summary capacity of 100 l/s. Near the public water source of Bečej exists groundwater source for industry with capacity of 12 l/s which tapped same horizons. In the coming period is planned to increase summary capacity of this groundwater source up to 57 l/s. Also, the increase of summary city’s s ource capacity is planned for 50 % in the next few years, that...

The paper summarizes the results of assessme nt of geo mechanical characteristics of rock samples collected from the Sibiu C ounty: Valea Strâmbului-Rasinari and Valea Marajdia. The rock characteristics are infl uenced by climate factors, in particular temperature and humidity. When the phenomenon of frost occurs, rock stretches and some strains are acting that lead to a deterioration of the structure and internal stability, thereby reducing the characteristics of resistance and strength. Within this scope, severa...

A similar succession of Foliation Inflection/In tersection Axis trends preserved within porphyroblasts (FIAs) is present in two areas separated by 200 km along the Rocky Mountains. PreCambrian rock s in Central Colorado and Northern New Mexico were affected by deformation and metamorphism from approximately 1506 to 1370 Ma. A succession of five FIAs trending W-E, SSW-NNE, NNW-SSE, NW-SE and WSW-ENE has been distinguished in Central Colora do that have been dated at 1506±15 Ma, 1467±23 Ma, 1425±18 Ma, not dated and...

The calibration baseline of the Faculty of Geode sy, University of Zagreb, is the longest calibration baseline in the world numbering altogether 25 pillars. It was built in 1982 for the purpose of testing and calibrating the electro-optical distance meters, and today even GNSS instruments can be tested there. Th is calibration baseline provided a mutual standard scale for the calibration of instruments at the distance up to 3100 m in the Republic of Croatia and wider region. In this paper the determination of coor...

In the article is a brief description of the methods of thermal analysis, description of bentonite deposits and treatment of this ma terial. Also, this te xt is discussed the practical application of thermal analysis to evaluate materials that can be reused as secondary raw materials in various industries. This method allows both quantitative and qualitative evaluation of a sample. Examples of such material may be bentonite, its evaluation of thermal analysis is presented in this article.

An analysis of climatic and social-economic conditions of territory of Tomsk oblast was used to study environmental management risk connected with change of conditions of modern ecological system.

The aim of this paper is to identify the environmental fiscal burden’s volume and the structure and also to assess its impact upon th e enterprises performance. Beside that we are interested to evaluate th e main environmental taxes and fees efficiency in terms of environmental protection and remediation. It is our strong believe that following the sustainable development principles the economic performance and environmental protection can and must coexis t in the benefit of communitie s and at a larger scale of h...

GIS (Geographic Information Systems) is an organized collection, comprising of hardware, software, data and staff for: acquisition, pre- analysis and selection, sorting, processing and storing, updating, global or/and thematic analysis, displaying domain specific spatial informati on. The informational system regarding the complex information activities for the development of management process represents the entirety of sources, procedures and means through which information is processed inside that activity. Th ...

The Izmir-Ankara-Erzincan Suture Zone repr esents the relicts of the Late Mesozoic- Early Cenozoic Neotethyan Ocean in N Turkey. This suture zone marks the boundary of amalgamated S Eurasian and N Gondwanan continents and is characterised by the presence of ophiolitic melanges and ophiolite s. Two different ophiolitic melanges may be distinguished in this zone based on their metamorphic grade. Unmetamorphosed melanges are widespread along the suture zone whereas metamorphic melanges occur only at a structurally lo...

As a result of mining and quarrying is the exploitation of the landscape (e.g., mine depression or heaps as results of underground mining, or change in landscape due to opencast mining). Restoration of affected landscape is necessary in accordance with current legislation so as to allow its continued use. There are a number of procedures, methods and solutions for reclamation. The aim of our work was to design the information system which would provide ba sis for planning and de cision making about process and met...

The most recent glacial period span in the interval 110,000 to 10,000 years ago. Recent geomorphologic studies in the Eastern Thracian plane have shown significant change in the sedimentation rates since the Younger Driass (between 10,800 and 9500 BC), which may provide a new inside on the climatic evol ution of the region. It was found that all local rivers are in an aggradation phase, depositing up to 3 m thick mudstone deposits on top of a colder climate’s well-washed, coarse sandstones. The aggradation resulte...

Lajaneh Fe skarn deposit is located in so uth of Shahrood City, North East of Iran. Mineralization is occurred as massive, veins and breccias in the c ontact of the dioritic intrusion with limestone. The dioritic intrusions in Lajaneh Fe skarn deposit display calc alkaline and metaluninous nature with I type characteristic. Tectonic setting discrimination diagrams show that dioritic intrusions in Lajaneh deposit belongs to volcanic arc granitoids (VAG). Negative anomalies of HFS elements like Nb, Ti, Ta and P and ...

According to trends in nowadays digital cartography and the spreading of mapping software among ordinary people, it is mo re and more important to transfer cartographical knowledge from cartographers to computers. This process is one of the most difficult tasks for object-oriented software designers. The design of a cartographical ontology could facilitate the creation of a cartography knowledge base as a basis for an intelligent system. Captured knowledge and the knowledge base can help map users to better unders...

Sedimentary analysis was based on formati ons of inferior Molasse which belong to Burdigalian and Badenian, being performed in representative natu ral claddings from Prahova, Romanian area. Complete successions of Variegated Formation and Globigerina – bearing Tuffs and Marls Formation may be followed in V. Mare – Alunis and Slanic–Piatra Verde Quarry (Prahova). The Variegated Formation is mostly ruditic– arenitic at its base, grading into a silty–lutitic sequence at the top. It mainly consists of conglomerates an...

The crack propagation mechanism of rocks under tensile and compressive loading conditions has been investigated. A higher order indirect boundary element method using special crack tip elements has been used to solve the various example problems in rock fracture mechanics. It is concluded that the brittle rocks fail due to the mixed mode fracture propagation under both tensile and compressive loading conditions. The micro- cracks are initiated due to tens ile or tensile and shear under tensile loadings and due to ...

We present the results of precious metals leaching from stubborn sulphidic silver-and- gold-containing ore of Kazakhstani deposit Kunisty by complex cyanide −thiosulphate solutions in comparison with separate cyanide and thiosulphate solutions in the model and experimental conditions. It is establis hed, that in a range of investigated concentrations 0,03 - 0,1 M, application of complex cyanide −thiosulphate solutions leads to change of oxidation-reduction potential of the solutions by 50÷200 mV. The degree of lea...

This item refers to the cent re-peripherical model due to Paul Krugman (1991) with all its merits in grounding of the economic crowdings, and which at the same time meant also the arising of a new field in the economic theory, known as “The New Economic Geography”. They also criticized it for the symmetry of the transport costs of the industrial and agricultural products. These criticisms could be avoid by improving the model, so as it is trying in this work. Simultaneously, the achieving of an informatics program...

The purpose of this study is to present an application of the Static and Dynamic Rock Durability Indicators in order to estimate durability and weathered state of rock material used in the engineering structure. Durability of rocks can be defined as the rock’s ability to resist degradation during its working life. No one engineering test can be used as an absolute predictor of performance of building stone in service. Therefore a variety of approaches have been developed to estimat e of the durability of building ...

Coal mining is connected with many burdens, which affect mostly the safety of mining. One of the most serious problems is exhalation of methane to the mine air. This Paper describes methods used for degassing in Czech Republic’s underground coal mines. Authors deal with new options and new trends in mainta ining security by the means of degassing drill holes. There are two main methods Czech Republic used to prevent accumulation of the Methane gas in gaseous mines. The first method is sufficiently effective ventil...

The aim of the paper is to in form on the need to apply geological information in land use planning and other state administration spheres, such as building office services. The study was carried out with in the locality specified by a map sheet 15 44 07 in 1:10 000 scale, in the cadastral district of Petr vald, Orlova, Horni Such a in the north-east of the Czech Republic close to the Polish border. The subject of the study is an evaluation of geobarriers of rock workability, inundatio n area and radon index. A si...

Cihanbeyli basin is located in the northern part of Konya in the Central Anatolia, Turkey. This wetland is characterized with four lakes (Salt Lake, Bolluk Lake, Tersakan Lake and Gök Lake). The Salt Lake, Tersakan Lake and Bolluk Lake are so important because of its contribution to country ec onomy and enabling ecosystem services for endangered bird species. In recent years, The Salt, Tersakan and Bolluk Lakes are in danger of completely drying. The main reasons of drying of the lakes are global warming, the lack...

Application of GIS systems in Agriculture now adays is an essential tool for managing, monitoring and updating crops information in daily, monthly or annual basis. A review of number of OpenGeo products exposed worldwide shows that there have been major improvements in much functionality recently . The application of GIS systems in agriculture is also recommended by Eur opean Commission for countries which are being prepared to join European Union (LPIS, vineyard cadastre etc.). For the wine cultivation in Kosovo,...

The increasing environmental impact from the construction becomes a serious problem that can cause significant damage, not only to ecosystems but also to the health and wellbeing of field workers and nearby resident s of construction sites. Therefore, is necessary to approach and continuous effort within the industry in order to achieve the objectives sustainable constr uction and reducing of the environmental impacts of construction. A recent study shows that construction is the third largest industry sector in t...

The national and international economic crisis has increased the interest in utilizing coal to produce electric or thermic energy, but that means also an increased pollution. According to the U.E. normative, Romani a’s environmental problems with the SO X, NOX, CO, CO 2 emissions from the th ermoelectric plants will be partially solved by 2012. However there will remain some important sources of pollution such as ash and breeze deposits, which have a negative impact upon the microclimate and upon all the environme...

The object of this study is to locate the zones of groundwater discharge into the eastern shores of the Dead Sea. To achieve this object the electrical conductivity-temperature with a depth method was used. This study show ed that the Dead Sea divides into two layers relating to the electrical conductivity and temperature with depth. The upper layer subdivided into two members. The upper member extends from the sea surface down to a depth of 15-25 m. The lower member extends from a depth of 15-25 m to 40 m and it ...

The foundry industry, itself, is one of the wo rld´s first recyclers. Foundries have been making new metal objects by remelting old ones. An estimated 15 to 20 million tons of scrap metal that would otherwise be sent to overcrowded landfills are being remade into new castings each year. As with most industries, the foundry industry generates its own by-products. Typical by-product streams from the foundry indus try include foundry sand, foundry slag, baghouse dust, and furnace and ladle refractory. In order to con...

The main characteristics of geographic information systems (GIS) are large geospatial datasets and the necessity to share data among other GIS systems. In order to achieve this kind of interoperability it is necessary that the data is st ructured, encoded and described in standardized way and that the GIS architecture is based on standards. Standards in this field are based on the se rvice-oriented architect ure, where different types of tasks are implemented by different services. All these ta sks in collaboratio...

This paper represent a short review of non-metallic resourceses (NMR) on few selected lignite deposits in Kolubara Coal Mines (KCM) and estimate thems potential in material and economic aspects. The further discussions are in preliminary mean and looks like an preliminary case study estimation. The paper is in agrement with the principles of sustainable development and the principles of complete and complex utilisation of mineral resourceses potential of the coal deposits. A timing of open pit works on ’’E’’ and ’...

Crude oil composition is very complex and can vary even within in every reservoir. Petroleum crude oil content varies according to light, the ratio of hydrocarbon classes, the content of compounds with oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur and the presence or absence of components.Such oils have been classified according to the amount of paraffin, the percentage of sulfur in the fuel freezing point. This material is inte nded to present the existing classifications andproperties near the Romanian Petroleum and ordering a ne...

The main topic of the article is mineralogical research in the North Bohemian Brown Coal Basin. This work summarises new knowledge for the 2002 – 2009 period, five new minerals were identified in the basin in the interval: anorthite, esseneite, ferrierite, melilite, and srebrodolskite. The second object of the article is the situation of important localities of the Krušné Hory Mountains. Main attention is devoted to a newly discovered amethyst locality Černý Potok.

The main emphasis of the research is on the utilization of plastic wastes and there are described findings from production and applic ation of synthetic aggregate made from waste polyethylentereftalate (PET), replacem ent of natural aggregate with PET grit, production of lightweight concrete with melamine and production of modern composite materials utilizing bonding compounds based on P ET. The study describes results from the research of application of suitable treated PET beverage bottles for the production of ...

Goal of the contribution is to explai n evaluation of economical and marketing environment that mining firms must resp ect during their business activity. External environment of mining firm includes exce pt others technological development, economical situation, and legislative by the way of regulation, but in last time also stimulations from the government, competitio n behavior and other. Contribution is dealing also with economical effectiveness of investment in the frame of economical and marketing evaluation...

Coal mining trucks is failure in accordance with many reasons. As, the size and complexity of trucks conti nue to increase, the equipment failures become ever more important. In this study, maintenance and re pair durations for coal mining trucks are examined by using factor analysis and The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for two independent samples techniques. These techniques are applied to dataset obtained by six different trucks working in coal mining. As the result of these methods, it was determined that there are ...

Territory of the Republic of Macedonia, as a part of Balkan region is characterized with a high seismic activity. Current seismic activity indicates that the tectonic processes are very intensive. Epicenters are not equally distributed in the region and are grouped in three different zones: 1) Drim zone, 2) Vardar and 3) Struma zone. First zone is situated on the west, on the Albania border, i.e. with profound fault in the border section of the Western Macedonian zone with the Merdita zone in Albania, known as Dri...

Coverage of Slovakia's energy needs depends primarily on collecting energy from abroad (mostly from the Russian Federation). Therefore, the state is inclined to making substantial use of renewable energy sources, which are also environmentally less aggressive. Slovakia has a significant potential in geothermal energy. The systematic investigation of geothermal energy sources using geothermal wells started in 1971 in Slovakia. There are 120 registered geotherm al wells in Slovakia, which proved about 1787 l.s -1 of...

Introduction and Purpose: Environment is multi-dimensional notion that it has cultural, political, economic, ecologic, social and psychologi cal dimensions in addition to nature-related dimension. Impacts of environmental problems and negative consequences of those impacts on the society increases importance of subject’s knowledge, awareness, attitude s and behaviors. Knowledge on environmental views of doctor candidates and arranging education programs accordingly will make contribution to the solution of the pro...

The authors point out in this paper that current environmental changes (changes in climatic parameters, air quality, method of land use, cons umption patterns, increased exposure to pollutants, etc.) had complicated the relation between residential and rural external environmenta l adding costs to maintain an acceptable quality of life for residents. The main factors that change the natural attributes of the environment in Galati are: industrial activities (Steel mill, shipyard construction, food and beverage indu...

The enhanced oxidation of su lphide minerals by mini ng activities is a worldwide problem of significant environmental interest because of leading to the generation of Acid Mine Drainage (AMD). These waters e xhibit very different chemical and physical properties depending on their origin and the geochemical nature of the site of exploitation. Low pH, high concentration of sulphates and various heavy metals cause their deleterious effect on the environmen t. Treatment methods to address AMD are focused on neutrali...