Browse

An exceptional occurrence can generally be regarded as a manifestation of risk. In order to handle it, it is necessary to have sufficient amount of information about the risk itself as well as about potential sources and means to deal with the situation it evokes and the preparedness of citizens. In Slovakia, it is mainly the risks of natural character which are, for the purposes of crisis management, evaluated based on a methodology from the year 1994. The ever-extending list of potential risks leads to the need ...

In Latvia, English oak Quercus robur L. planting material is grown both as bare-root seedlings and bare-root plants. Its breeding is difficult, because the quality of planting material is affected by both abiotic and biotic factors. Damage caused by various factors may be spread evenly and unevenly in the area of cultivating planting material. The most common damage to seedlings and plants can be observed already in the spring, when new leaves begin to flourish and new shoots develop. It is clear that differences ...

The presented paper deals with the determination of the efficiency of wastewater treatment plants, concentration limits and values of permissible pollution of surface water and wastewater, requirements for permitting discharges of wastewater into surface water and into sewerage in sensitive areas. The objective of this paper is to define the provisions of European Community legislation on surface water protection. These findings are applied in selected wastewater treatment plants in the Czech Republic where the mo...

The anaerobic fermentation of biomass in methane-tank during the biogas production is considered. The process of individual bubbles lifting upwards and its simultaneous interaction with solid particles with mixing of the nascent substrate is analyzed. The forces acting on the bubble are given and a differential equation is developed that characterizes the biogas bubble movement in the organic mass substrate. The mathematical dependence of the flooding rate of the biogas bubble is developed and an example of solvin...

Currently, it is possible to capture geospatial data, which represents terrain surfaces in the form of point cloud, by using two diametrically different technologies: laser scanning and ?structure from motion? technology which is based on sets of properly acquired 2D photos. Both of these technologies allow to obtain a substantially the same product - point cloud, although it is a direct measurement product from laser scanning technology (TLS), while in the case of the structure from motion technology it is a deri...

Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) is a cloud technology that converges telecommunication and computing capabilities in radio access network. The research and standardization activities for enabling advanced mobile edge services are ongoing with diverse challenges yet to be met. A key area is the development of Application Programming Interfaces (API) that enable application to acquire mobile edge resources and simply and efficiently to manage them. Bandwidth Management Service (BWMS) is a mobile edge service that ...

Combustion wastes, such as fly ashes and slags, can be recycled primarily by using them in road construction. Nonetheless, their potential negative impact on the environment cannot be omitted. In practice, a number of methods are used for the leaching characterization of wastes, including the standards of the European and US Environmental Protection Agencies. The studies, the results of which are presented in this article, were performed for fly ashes and slags from coal combustion and for fly ashes from combustio...

In the eastern part of the Siberian platform, Phanerozoic magmatism manifested itself in various tectonic structures. It was related, in Middle Paleozoic and Lower Triassic times, to rifting processes, and in Late Paleozoic ? Early Mesozoic times ? to the initiation and development of traps. Varying geodynamic regime of magma generation resulted in a geochemical variety of rocks. The Permo-Triassic traps are characterized by a low content of incompatible elements, insignificant REE totals (60-70 ppm), a moderate d...

This paper studies a hydrographical space with an area of approx. 20,000 km2, located in the NE of Romania. The main objective of the study is to identify and delimit the water bodies (hydrographic microbazins) within the Prut hydrographic basin. This aspect is very important, in order to determine their status, establish future objectives regarding water management and improve or maintain a certain existing status. The methodologies developed by A.N. Apele Rom?ne Bucharest were used for the classification and del...

Within petroleum refining facilities are manufactured, used and stored significant amounts of hazardous materials, including raw materials, intermediates and final products. Within refineries there may arise the fire hazard for processing installations of the intermediate products with high melting point. For many of these intermediate products there are not determined the flammability parameters, fact which could allow the development and application of some efficient measures for prevention or limitation of dang...

This paper explores the opportunities of using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and data from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and satellites for effective tree health mapping and assessment of forest stands, damaged from biotic and abiotic factors. The aim is to detect affected areas with tree health problems using time series satellite images. The next step is to extract precise vector and attribute data describing the type and extent of damages using drone-captured digital images. The experimental area is pa...

An important indicator of the existing and possible pollution of any water area is the content of trace metals in bottom sediments that can characterize the level of anthropogenic load. Analysis of the content of metals in bottom sediments in different parts of the water area made it possible to establish the features of distribution of toxic metals in dependence on natural geochemical processes and to identify the areas that experience the most intensive anthropogenic load. In the paper, estimates of the spatial ...

Task of shipping operations control of the Gab??kovo project (GAP) is to synchronise several requirements. These come from versatility of GAP and must meet following goals (maximization of the ship locks capacity, maximization of income from electricity production in hydropower plant, navigable depth below minimal shipping depths in ford sections caused by flow changes on GAP and ships crushing into riverbed of the Danube river). By taking these goals into account, we can, in general, define operation of GAP as co...

Water resources, particularly the phreatic ones, are exposed to a high risk of nitrates pollution. This pollution appears mostly in rural areas, due to improper use of fertilizers, improper waste storage or local sources of infestation, like animal sheds, and so on. Recent researches have indicated that clay can be used for groundwater decontamination. Mass transport between the unsaturated and saturated zones greatly influences subsurface processes. The transition zone between the vadose zone and the saturated zo...

Poland has been long harnessing hydraulic energy despite the absence of supportive conditions for hydropower development. According to the Energy Regulatory Office, there were 721 hydropower plants in Poland in 2014. Electric power generation in small and medium-sized hydropower plants is characterized by minor fluctuations, in particular in comparison with other sources of renewable energy. In a given period, the observed changes in power output result mainly from variations in operating conditions. Hydropower re...

In the recent years, the terrestrial landscape of Slovakia has been affected by extreme climate events. Unpredictable heavy torrential rains and local floods that are alternated by shorter or longer droughts are outward manifestations of the situation. According to the scenarios, in the future, climate change will affect the hydrological cycle, as well as water resources and it will have major consequences for the national economy. Slovakia is predominantly agricultural country (about 40%), affected by collectiviz...

After enormous amount of ice rain during 2014. huge damage was done in forest in Croatia, especially in the city ?abar area. Result of ice rain damaged forests is wide spread of bark beetle. To prevent further spread of bark beetles infected trees should be cut down. In huge forest area great problem is to detect areas with infected trees. Main characteristics of bark beetle damage is change of treetop color. Treetop color depends on the stage of infection and it goes from green to yellow and to red. Optimal perio...

The paper is aimed at estimating the abundance of polymetallic nodules in the Pacific area is administered by the Interoceanmetal Joint Organization (IOM) using statistical and geostatistical methods. Polymetallic nodules occurring in the Clarion-Clipperton zone in the Eastern Pacific Ocean contain numerous metals, of which the most important are Co, Cu, Ni, and Mn. In the area administered by the IOM, the four genotypes of nodules are marked with the following symbols: D and D1 (diagenetic), H (hydrogenic), and H...

The article deals with the problem of embedded computing systems testing and debug. The embedded systems design process, actual problems and existing solutions are analyzed from this perspective. The method of testing and debug based on model-oriented record and replay of the computational process is proposed, as well as the corresponding specification model for real-time computational processes. The specification model is a modified control flow graph. The key advantage of the proposed method is an abstract defin...

The development of advanced indoor navigation systems for UAVs has encouraged an extensive interest because of its huge potential in military and civil applications. Global Positioning System allows working in an opened space; however, Indoor Positioning Systems are necessary to work more productively in covered places. The aim of this study was to analyse the state of the art of Indoor Positioning Algorithms. This study contains a description of the most popular Indoor Positioning Algorithms. Different technologi...

The article discusses well-known methods and algorithms of joint processing of geoelectric and seismoacoustic signals, which have the possibility of practical implementation for geodynamic and geotechnical media monitoring in real time. One of these methods is the solution of the equation describing the probed geological environment, which is under the joint action of the electrical signal and the components of the seismic wave. This allows us to isolate and localize parts of the analyzed medium with different inh...

The study area is located in the northern and western parts of Moldavian Platform, the oldest platform unit of the Romanian territory and representing the margin of the East European Platform. Two hydrocarbon systems are recognized in the Moldavian Platform: a thermogenic system of Paleozoic age and a biogenic system of Miocene age. The Miocene biogenic system comprises significant natural gas fields (including dry gas with more than 98% methane), reservoired especially in Sarmatian (late Middle Miocene) deposits,...

Preservation at positive temperatures is limited in time. The common technique to reduce metabolism is by reducing the temperature below ambient, using refrigeration or cryogenics. Therefore, these methods are used to preserve biological matter (cells, tissues, organs, vegetables, fruits etc.). Preservation at negative temperatures is possible with limitations in time and imposes also other biotechnological challenges. Long term preservation below freezing temperatures is not successful yet for organs and tissues....

The demand for an indoor navigation service is increasing as indoor positioning technology is developed, therefore it is necessary to construct indoor network data that can be directly used for navigation. In this study, indoor network data were constructed using indoor evacuation map images, which can be easily obtained. The evacuation route in the map can be used as network information because it represents the connection between each room as well as the connection between room entrances and the main entrance of...

In the past decades Romania?s forest habitats suffered from human activity impact, resulting in loss of biodiversity and ecosystems services, thus highlighting the need for improved conservation measures. In 2008 the IUCN initiated a global Red List of ecosystems (Resolution 4.020, IV World Conservation Congress in Barcelona). The IUCN Red List of Ecosystems is planned to be a standard for assessing the status of ecosystems, which is applicable at local, national, regional and global level. In this article highlig...

The purpose of the research was to establish the links between the main characters which contributes to the realizationof production on the beans plant. The biological material studied was composed of landraces and varieties of dwarf beans. The landraces come from western Romania. The experimentation was done in field conditions. The experimental data was collected by biometric measurements carried out on representative samples. Statistical analysis was performed by determining the variance and covariance, the cor...

The main target of this study is to identify informative features for characterizing the formation types of gold deposits in order to formulate the rules for formation conditions assessing, industrial significance and forecasting of new deposits. Database of ores samples from 95 gold deposits and ore occurrences from the North-East of Russia was collected. Mathematical processing of data has allowed us to compile logical-information models (a set of informative signs (elements), indicating their separating weights...

Latvia is a State near Baltic Sea formerly included in Soviet Union that hardly classified all types of cartographical and geological information making it not available for scientific evaluation. Geological mapping data, deep boreholes with cores available from various depth up to crystalline basement (>1km), intersections and seismic data from 60-ties indicate the existence of an enigmatic structure similar to structural forms called astroblemes; it is located south of the town of Dobele in Latvia N56?35? E23?15...

The original archaic buildings were not protected in any way from adverse external influences, resulting in degradation of structures and often the subsequent destruction of the entire building. People tried to protect the buildings and this led to that they invented plaster. The plaster, as a unique product of human activity, complements the surface of the building and impresses with its final appearance and often raises the aesthetic value of the whole building. Plasters are conditioned in the course of history ...

The article deals with the degradation of cement beams containing polypropylene and polyvinyl alcohol fibres. Nowadays it is developed high-quality concrete that contains a minimum of reinforcement or all it is replace by micro fibres. Microscopic examination of fiber breakage and changes at fiber-matrix interface was investigated in this paper. The cement beams were stored in an aggressive environment of 3% NaCl, 5% NaOH and 5% H2SO4 for 28 days (CSN P CEN / TS 12390-11). Mechanical parameters and changes of fibr...

Interferometric data processing (InSAR) for extraction of information about the Earth terrain and its changes is one of the general guidelines in development of contemporary space-based radar systems. The InSAR processing for building the digital elevation models (DEM) and terrain displacement maps includes a phase noise suppression step, which is usually performed by adaptive spectral filers (Goldstein filter). Such filters need an interferometric coherence value as a parameter, and a method of coherence estimati...

The present paper aims at presenting experimentally obtained results to determine the effectiveness of organic polyacrylonitrile hollow fiber membranes as a result of retaining the content of yeast mixed with deionized water as a feed solution. The use of the membrane module in the ultrafiltration process of various chemical compounds existing in laboratory wastewater is a start for industrial applications. That is why it is necessary to know and to understand in detail the dependence between the operating paramet...

This article outlines the steps to be taken to ensure that the old Land Book Plans can work together with the current Land Plans and the Orthophoto Plans. For this purpose, scanning steps, georeferencing, must be performed. Then compare the old plans with the current ones by overlapping them over orthophoto maps. Following this stage, we can find out if there are differences between the older and the current plans or the current situation in the field. By overlapping, in the same reference system, we can very easi...

The Cracow-Czestochowa Upland is famous for interesting views and natural places to spend free time with friends or members of family. Unfortunately, both industry and residents have a negative impact on this area. Recently, people's awareness has been slowly re-evaluating. People begin to understand the need to think about the natural environment, they finally know that they are not the only species on the Earth, they do not have a special right to use the environment's resources and have found that the state of ...

The value of wood is only, if it has good appearance as well as mechanical and physical properties. During tree's life, it is influenced by various factors, the effects of which changes wood properties causing different damage to tree stem. Wood defects are caused by biotic, abiotic and anthropogenic factors. Defects of tree stem arising from non-parasitic origin occur on the stems, branches and roots. In total, 86 pure and mixed stands of Norway spruce were surveyed, but this study includes only 11 young forest s...

The subject of study was spatial analysis of transmission of visible light in water column of two deep suburban lakes during peak of summer. In vertical profiles of lakes correlations between transmission of blue/green light, photosynthetic active radiation (or PAR), temperature and oxygen content, chlorophyll a and physico-chemical features of water were analysed. Apparent and true depth of photic zone was investigated. The hypothesis was that vertical changeability of PAR limitation/transmission may be used as a...

The article deals with several ways of monitoring bank line changes, such as the cartographic and two modern satellite-based methods, one of which is the method of satellite images interpretation. It is easy to use and does not need expensive equipment or fieldwork. The second of the satellite-based methods, the field method with the application of satellite positioning system, is characterized by high accuracy and effectiveness of results but requires expensive equipment and fieldworks. The danger of erosion is t...

As of January 1, 2017, according to the Directive 2014/95/EU of the European Parliament and the Council of 22 October 2014 amending Directive 2013/34/EU as regards disclosure of non-financial and diversity information by certain large undertakings and groups public-interest entities fulfilling particular requirements described in the document are obligated to disclose non-financial and diversity information. Due to this fact, the main aim of the paper was the assessment of the current state of reporting of environ...

Most of bilingual or multilingual dictionaries, especially the printed ones can be represented as a simple relational database with two relations with cardinality 1:N for each side of the dictionary. This database structure is actually sufficient if the user needs only word to word translation and if they are experienced enough to choose a proper translation from mostly many synonyms. One step forward is a contextual dictionary. The translation is influenced by the context of the word, what can make the translatio...

The article is devoted to the study of regional agriculture using geoinformation technologies. The article focuses attention on the need to apply geoinformation technologies in the process of studying the development of agriculture and rural areas. During the research the main regularities of the development of agriculture at the regional level were revealed. The authors have developed a series of maps reflecting modern processes in the development of the region?s agriculture. The main trends in the development of...

The study of ethnolingustics (also called cultural linguistics, linguistic culture studies), a relatively new discipline of an interdisciplinary nature, is currently explained by a number of factors related to the need of studying the relationship between language and culture. On the one hand, ethnolinguistics considers the cultural significance of language units and language concepts; on the other hand, it studies language as a means of cultural realization. Ethno-cultural education is aimed at the preservation o...

The work is dedicated to solving a scientific problem related to the effective use of steam-thermal methods for extracting hard-to-recover hydrocarbon resources from carbonate reservoir rocks using catalytically active metal compounds of variable valency. The work is aimed at studying the behavior of nanoheterogeneous catalysts based on Al, Ni, Mn compounds on an organic matter in the presence of a carbonate rock under conditions of steam heating effect. The experimental part of the project was carried out on a la...

Terrestrial and submarine mud volcanoes of the Taman Peninsula are confined to the continuation of the Temryuk-Kerch anticline zone. Many of them, especially submarine volcanoes, are characterized by periods of active spontaneous activity. Mud volcanoes are of interest as not only objects that can have a negative impact on the natural environment, but also as sources bringing benefits in the form of erupted mud masses that are used to treat people. Up to this point, the question of the depth and temperature of the...

Geoportals has become more significant and more common communication platform, used between institutions, companies and clients. The most important feature of mapping portals is sharing of spatial data to a wide audience quickly and easily. However, despite of all benefits accrued through their use, the popularity of geoportals is still too small. Probably the reason for that is the conviction of the high cost of implementation, or the lack of knowledge about the possibilities of presenting spatial data in this fo...

The present study was conducted to develop a method for utilization of serpentinized ultramafic rocks as mining waste using nature conservation technologies. In this method, the original raw material is thermally activated to obtain an active metastable phase. The goal of the study is to produce a granulated Mg-silicate reagent used to remove heavy metal compounds from solutions. Pentinsuo antigorite, Ozerki soapstone deposit in the Kostomuksha area, Karelia, Russia, and serpophyte from the Pilguj?rvi massif, Pech...

Because of the limited resources of water and increasing demand for it, solutions for wastewater recycling and reuse have become of great interest. Wastewater can be recycled for the same purpose or can be reused for other purpose, but first it must to be treated. In this paper some scenarios of using Sequential Batch Reactors treatment of wastewater were investigated with the purpose of reusing or recycling in small-sized residences like chalets or guest houses. Simulations were done using BioWin, which is a powe...

The composition of micromycetes of rocks and deposits of the caves Kinderlinskaya and Oktyabrskaya, located in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia, have been studied. The caves are formed in the upper Devonian Famennian limestones. These caves differ significantly in anthropogenic load due to their different accessibility to humans. Kinderlinskaya is a horizontal cave with a large entrance often visited by tourists. It needs special climbing equipment to enter to the October cave as it is situated on the height ...

In order to reduce the negative impact of PVC on the environment, it is becoming popular to produce composite materials based on PVC filled with various natural fillers. For example, bentonite as filler in a polymer matrix can absorb volatile toxic components and accelerate the degradation of PVC. Also in this paper, natural polysaccharides pectin and starch are considered as fillers. Pectin and starch are also capable of accelerating biodegradation of PVC. Nevertheless, the thermal stability of the resulting poly...

A retrospective monitoring of the land use change in the bottoms of mesodepressions in the Azov District of the Rostov Region in the period from 2014 to 1968 was performed. A cartographic analysis of the changes in soil overmoistening in closed mesodepressions by its indication based on changes in the land use reflected on remote sensing materials was made. The research was carried out within the framework of the problem-oriented system of retrospective soil and land cover monitoring. They revealed that the curren...

A comparative research related to hydrogen adsorption capacity of multi wall nanotubes (MWNTs) and poly aniline (PANI) doped with Ruthenium (Ru) was carried out. Carbonic materials are considered to be one of the most promising materials for hydrogen adsorption and storage; they have different applications and fuel cells technology may be considered the most important of them. By using transitional metals for doping carbonic materials, the adsorption capacity. PANI has been prepared and doped in laboratory while M...