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Oxidoreductase enzymes play a key role in modern biotechnology due to their high specificity and ability to catalyze redox processes under mild conditions. They are used in environmental monitoring, biosensor development, and fine organic synthesis. However, their practical use in their native form is limited by their low stability, sensitivity to environmental changes, and the inability to re-extract from the reaction mixture. Immobilizing enzymes on various carriers can solve these problems. Magnetic nanoparticl...

This study describes the use of a soybean oil oleogel structured with beeswax (4-6% w/w) as a fat replacer in gluten-free millet flour-based muffins. The oleogel was incorporated into the muffin formulation by replacing 100% of the conventional fat. The dough rheology was analyzed to evaluate changes in viscoelastic behavior, and the muffins were evaluated for their sensory and textural profile. The results indicated that the oleogel maintained the desired dough rheology and produced muffins with acceptable textur...

Biologically active food products have demonstrated their effectiveness in maintaining health and ensuring well-being. In recent years, these foods have been enriched with the addition of probiotics, polyphenols, vitamins, peptides or other substances with health benefits. The importance of probiotics in restoring the balance of intestinal microbiota has led to their increasing use by consumers. Thus, food products augmented with various probiotic strain formulas have been developed. A problem that always arises i...

Honey is rich in glucose and fructose, making it a quick source of energy. Honey has antimicrobial properties, can help digestion, has a probiotic effect, can soothe digestive irritations, is often used as a natural remedy for coughs and sore throats, having a soothing and antibacterial effect, contains antioxidants that help neutralize free radicals in the body. Polyfloral honey is produced by bees from the nectar of several species of flowers, hence the name "polyflora". The physicochemical analyses carried out ...

Traditional production is more sustainable through local efficiency, meat and spices often come from local farms or markets, reducing the carbon footprint associated with transport, respect for resources and cultural diversity, while industrial methods are oriented towards volume, uniformity and profit, often with higher ecological costs. Traditional pork sausages are prized for their unique flavors and textures, making them a staple in the Romanian tradition. The process of preparing traditional pork sausage has ...

Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) is an enzyme belonging to the oxidoreductase class with applications in biotechnology and the food industry, environmental depollution and clinical diagnosis. HRP is an effective biocatalyst in the oxidation of organic compounds. Many biotechnology fields, such as environmental applications and the pharmaceutical industry, require stable peroxidase-based biocatalytic systems. The goal of our work was to develop efficient immobilized biocatalysts containing HRP. HRP immobilization was p...

This study evaluates the influence of dietary supplementation with royal jelly on growth dynamics in sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus), a species of significant interest in aquaculture. Throughout a controlled experimental period, juvenile sturgeons were fed diets containing varying concentrations of royal jelly and were monitored for key growth performance parameters, including weight gain, specific growth rate, average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio. The results revealed a significant impact of royal jelly sup...

Green tea is one of the most widely consumed beverages worldwide. It is consumed on its own or in various combinations. Green tea is made from the leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant which originated in Asia. Green tea drinks have many health benefits for consumers due to the compounds present in the raw material - green tea. In order to benefit from all the properties of green tea - antioxidant activity, a wide range of vitamins, provitamins and polyphenolic compounds - the raw materials used are organically gr...

Tea made from the leaves of the Camellia sinensis tea plant is one of the most widely consumed beverages in the world, thanks to its sensory qualities and its content of active ingredients beneficial to health. Black tea contains antioxidants that neutralize oxygen free radicals. In these types of foods, the activity of enzymes such as oxidoreductases, which have NAD- (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) or FMN- (Flavin mononucleotide) dependent coenzymes is very important in this biodynamics. [4], [5] Heme protein...

Aquaculture has become an essential component of global food production, offering a sustainable source of animal protein. However, the sector continues to face significant challenges related to environmental sustainability and suboptimal reproductive efficiency. In recent years, the incorporation of plant-derived bioactive compounds, commonly referred to as phyto-additives, has emerged as a promising, natural alternative to synthetic additives and chemotherapeutics. These substances can improve growth performance,...

In this research, we studied wines from eleven wine regions of Romania (Stefanesti, Dragasani, Dealul Mare, Minis, Blaj, Babadag, Focsani, Tarnave, Silagiu, Iasi, Cotnari), but also for two years of different production (2019 and 2021), to observe their chemometric profile according to the geographical origin. The chemical composition was determined for 40 white wines and 34 red wines. The studied chemical parameters were alcohol concentration, wine density, total acidity, free and total sulfur dioxide, non-reduci...

The social significance of donkey milk for human health stems from its potential advantages for vulnerable populations, including children and those with special dietary needs. The variation in its composition throughout lactation indicates that it can be adapted to fulfil the specific nutritional demands of these groups. The focus of this paper is to investigate the chemical profile of donkey milk and the changes that occur during lactation. The study was performed on samples taken at various stages of lactation,...

Food supplements with strong antioxidant potential are increasingly being used by consumers to maintain good health [1], [5], [6], [8], [9], [10], [11], [15]. The best food supplements use natural and organic raw materials and -Mild Food Processing- operations. This work paper presents a management technique for food additives (used, in this case, in the testing and selection of used sweeteners) in the design of a black tea-based food supplement. The raw material used was tested by A.A.S. (Atomic Absorption Spectr...

Whey is a significant environmental contaminant since its waste load is estimated to be 100-175 times more than that of an equivalent volume of household wastewater. It is estimated that around half of the whey produced is used for human or animal use, and the other half is released into the environment as waste water, which adds to pollution. Thus, in accordance with the guidelines established by the EU Green Deal Program, its valorisation through the development of health-promoting products is an important step ...

Green tea-based food supplements are very attractive to a large group of consumers and make an important contribution to maintaining good health. In order to preserve the nutritional value of supplements of this type, pesticide and plant growth hormones-free green tea is used as raw material. Choosing the best sweeteners in this case is an important part of scientific research, especially for consumers with certain digestive conditions. The aim of this paper is to successfully identify the best way to sweeten gree...

Mycotoxins are agents with different and complex chemical structures, with toxic effects for humans and animals. They can be present in feed and food, although in very small quantities, mycotoxins have a negative effect on the health of animals and people. Ochratoxins are mycotoxins intensively studied in recent years due to their toxicity on the animal and human body; these toxins show nephrotoxic, immunotoxic and myelotoxic, neurotoxic and carcinogenic effects. Thirty male rats of the Sprague- Dawley breed were ...

The horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) is a root vegetable that belongs to the botanical family Brassicaceae and due to the high content of bioactive compounds, it has of great interest in many biotechnological fields. The high content of polyphenols, phenols, flavonoids, vitamin C and detoxification enzymes makes horseradish to have a great antioxidant potential and positive effects on the health, being used from ancient times as medicinal plant. The abundance of minerals, vitamins and dietary fibre make horseradi...

21 strains of E. coli isolated from wild partridge birds - P. Perdix from the western part of Romania were studied. Through laboratory examination, the phenotypic characters of the isolated E. coli strains were highlighted. 21/70 (30%) of E. coli strains isolated from Perdix perdix fixed Congo Red, all isolated strains fermented lactose 21/21 (100%). Hemolytic activity was highlighted in a single strain of E. coli 1/21 (0.21%). The final identification of E. coli strains isolated from wild birds was done using the...

The objective of this work was to evaluate the physical, chemical and rhelogical characteristics of vegetable milk of soybean (soymilk homemade prepared, and some types of soymilk purchased from Romanian supermarkets). Soymilk is an alternative to dairy products and it has long been a traditional drink in China, Japan and other parts of Asia. The soybean (Glycine max) is the most important bean in the world, providing a wide range of vegetable proteins. Soybean is an important source of many bioactive compounds, w...

In recent years, consumers, including domestic meat consumers, have been looking for new products with high biological and nutritional value, plus flavour. Consumer concern for a healthy diet has led to increased demand for low-fat, low-cholesterol products, coupled with growing interest in returning to traditional products as an option to advanced processing. Game meat could meet consumer needs and requirements as an alternative to meat from domestic animals, with the following recommendations: 1. low fat content...

Aphids have grown significantly both in number of species and in number of individuals in populations, especially in green spaces in urban environments. By feeding, they affect the plants in the structure of the ecosystem at the foliar and floral level, therefore it is necessary to manage them so that they are numerically reduced but at the same time to avoid the application of pesticides. Through this work, 2 ways of management were tried for 5 months (April-August): by exploiting existing natural enemies and by ...

This paper aims to synthesize in a logical and coherent approach the main control techniques used in managing and combating food fraud, as well as to discuss their effectiveness. Given the impact that food fraud can have on consumers' health and well-being, anti- fraud control techniques used throughout the food chain are an important and relevant topic, still insufficiently addressed and accepted in the relevant economic environment. The objectives of the article include presenting the current context of food fra...

Copper has a fantastic role in the organism, indifferent if its mammalian, plant, bacteria or yeast, functioning as a cofactor in enzymes involved in various processes. In agriculture, different copper compounds are used as fungicide to protect plants from fungal diseases. In humans the role of copper is also crucial, as it is an essential trace element being involved in many processes as well as a cofactor for several enzymes involved in antioxidant defense, iron metabolism, and neurotransmitter synthesis, playin...

In the western part of Romania, Helicoverpa armigera larvae cause significant damage to several types of agricultural and horticultural crops leading to considerable economic losses, so the purpose of this paper was the use of some ecofrendly agricultural practices, namely the use of entomopathogenic microorganisms. The field experiment was conducted at the Research farm of West Land Company SRL, Jimbolia, (Timis County). The trial was laid out during 2022 vegetation season, in randomized block design with seven t...

Different oleogels were obtained from olive oil (OL), grape seed oil (GO), sunflower oil (SO), walnut oil (WO) and hemp oil (HO) using carnauba wax as a gelling at different concentrations of 5%, 7%, and 9% (w/w). The physical characteristics of the oleogels obtained, such as oil binding capacity (OBC), peroxide index (IP) and color, were determined. From a structural point of view, the oleogels were further investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). It was found that a higher concentration o...

The issue of food security, in the face of threats as resource scarcity, climate change, population growth, pollution etc confronts the agri-food systems all over the world with the challenge of pursuing resilience and sustainability. Western populations do not currently experience food shortages, but others do not have enough food available and some others suffer from hunger. Besides, a topic gaining much attention is the malnutrition condition of the global population. International research present fortificatio...

The aim of the study was to characterize the gelling effect of candelilla wax (DW) using different types of cold-pressed vegetable oil (sunflower oil, olive oil, walnut oil, grape seed oil and hemp seed oil). The structuring of the oleogels was achieved by hot incorporation of oil with different percentages of carnauba wax, as follows: 3%, 5% and 11%. Characterization of the oleogels was done by determining the chemical and physical properties of the oleogels, the oil binding capacity and the texture of the oleoge...

Pasta, is an unleavened, dry food produced from flour, water and eggs and other additions such as vegetables, fruits. In this paper on the basis of the technology and recipe of its own manufacture, two types of wide noodles with broth and wide noodles with spinach were obtained. Based on the methods of the quality standards, the samples of noodles were evaluated physicochemical from the point of view of the water content, as well as the content of protein and ash substances. The results obtained by physicochemical...

The artisanally produced cheese feels a major comeback. Shops specialising in artisanal cheeses are increasingly selling artisanal cheeses made by local producers. In this work we made an assortment of matured cheese, from cow's milk, according to a traditional recipe from Harghita County, Romania. The technological process of obtaining ripened cheeses from cow's milk, studied by us, complies with the traditional technology used for many years. The products obtained were physicochemical evaluated in terms of moist...

This study was examined to assess the beneficial effects of baobab flour (BF) on wheat flour (WF) muffins. Four (4) types of muffins, including control and 3 with 10, 20, and 30% BF, were produced and analyzed from a nutritional, phytochemical, and organoleptic point of view. The results of the nutritional analyses revealed that partial substitution of WF by BF significantly improved the nutritional characteristics of the muffins. There was a significant increase in mineral and lipid content in the muffins as BF b...

Goji fruits (Lycium barbarum) are known for their very high content of antioxidants, supplemented by a high intake of vitamins, (including vitamins A, C and vitamins from the B complex), minerals (calcium, magnesium, selenium), proteins, fibers and amino acids. Thus, goji fruits have a very high nutritional potential, which is why their inclusion in the daily menu or their use for therapeutic purposes have proven extremely beneficial for the human body. Hazelnuts (Corylus avelana) and pistachios (Pistachia vera) a...

In cattle, uterine infections are one of the major causes of reproductive disorders. These bacterial infections are frequently treated with antibiotics, but their effectiveness must be evaluated, due to the continuous emergence of bacterial strains with multiple drug resistances. The research was conducted on several 190 samples from cows with a presumptive diagnosis of endometritis. The exploitation technology practiced at this farm is the free stall type. Samples were collected using sterile swabs and transporte...

Echinacea purpurea is a herbaceous plant that is 80-150 cm tall. [1] The roots of the plant penetrate deep into the soil, they have fibrous ramifications, the rhizome is short. Its leaves are wide, lanceolate or elliptic-oblong, and the flowers are conical, have a violet color. Echinacea species are native to North America and in Europe they are cultivated as medicinal or ornamental plants. [17] The research focused on determining the photosynthetic rate in this species, using variants cultivated both in vivo and ...

The purpose of the paper was to assess the rheological properties of some kinds of sausages from the local market. Three different kinds of sausages were chosen: Cabanos (CS), Peasant (PS) and Grill (GS). In order to analyze the viscoelastic characteristics stress relaxation tests were run on the above food at the room temperature. With the "Origin" program, the graphic part was made, obtaining for each three compression curves. From these curves were calculated the compression module (or elasticity module or Youn...

The areas occupied by permanent grasslands constitute one of the most important ecosystems of the Earth, occupying almost half of it. The use of land covered by grasslands and climate changes are the main stressors of grass communities and implicitly of grassland ecosystems. Its multifunctionality (food source for ruminants, insect habitat, means of soil and water conservation, as well as outdoor activities, etc.) is gradually affected, thus diminishing the mentioned functions. The purpose of this paper is to anal...

Amorpha fruticosa L. (false indigo bush) is an invasive shrub species from Fabaceae family originating from North America. Nowadays this species creates great problems because it is invading floodplains along the rivers from Europe, even the Danube River floodplain reaching to the Danube Delta. The floodplain area of the river Mure? is highly affected by this invasion, this species occupying great surfaces of grassland and arable land. The researches were developed on the lowland area alongside the river Mure? (Ar...

This paper presents the preliminary results obtained for the determination of some nutritional parameters of homemade chocolate fortified with nettle powder (NP) obtained from young nettle leaves grown in spontaneous flora, in pollution-free areas. 4 types of homemade chocolate with the addition of 2.5 - 10 % NP and a control chocolate (without the addition of NP) were prepared. Samples were analyzed from the proximate composition and mineral content point of view. The obtained preliminary results show that the ch...

Spectrophotometric methods for total protein analysis are generally simple, rapid and sensitive. Such sensitive protein assays may have applications in forensic science, in the detection of protein contaminants in drugs and in a number of other applications of research interest. Biuret reaction with proteins and peptides is widely used in clinical and biological laboratories. In this work, instead of copper sulphate, sodium hydroxide and Seignette salt, we used insoluble copper phosphate, potassium or sodium hydro...

The use of magnetic nanoparticles in biocatalysis, due to their unique properties, such as controlled particle size, large surface area, and ease of separating them and the reaction mixture by applying an external magnetic field, makes it possible to reuse enzymes immobilized on magnetic nanoparticles for catalytic processes. In this work, horseradish root peroxidase was immobilized on Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles. The carrier surface was modified and activated before enzyme immobilization using 3- aminopropyltrie...

Halobacterium salinarum is an extremely halophilic marine Gram-negative obligate aerobic archaeon. Despite its name, this is not a bacterium, but rather a member of the domain Archaea, which lives in hypersaline lakes. Bacteriorhodopsin (BRh) is the red retinal-containing protein found in the cell membranes of H. salinarum and is considered a light-activated proton pump that transports protons across the plasma membrane. Bacteriorhodopsin photointermediates have been defined in kinetic and spectroscopic terms as B...

Whisky is one of the most consumed alcoholic beverages in the world obtained from cereals. By-product and waste management are considered significant economic and environmental issues in whisky production. The aim of this study was to assess the components of spent grain (draff) resulting from the only factory in the whisky industry in Romania. Spent grain consists of layers of peel, pericarp, and seeds with residual amounts of endosperm and aleurone from malt used as raw material. Spent grain was stored at -18 °C...

Malt is the essential raw material for beer production. Currently, in Europe the most used cereal for beer is barley due to its many advantages in the manufacture of malt. Recently, research has intensified to replace this raw material for beer with other cereals or pseudo-cereals. These include buckwheat which does not contain toxic prolamins to celiac disease patients. Buckwheat is an annual plant of Polygonaceae family and is produced in many countries for its characteristics such as high economic value, easily...

Peptide-drug conjugates are therapeutic agents that combine one or more drug molecules with a peptide through a biodegradable linker. Even if the peptides used in synthesis of such conjugates have a smaller pharmacological action than the small molecule of organic drug, they easily penetrate the membranes and then bind to receptors. Peptide-drug conjugates are used in various fields, such as: (i) anticancer therapy; (ii) antimicrobial application; (iii) anti-inflammatory application. In the last decades, researche...

Bread is a staple food all over the world and is the main source of sodium in the human diet which may increase the risks of diseases associated with a sodium-rich diet. Potassium chloride (KCl) is known as the most used ingredient for the food industry as sodium chloride replacer, with an intrinsic salty taste at low levels addition. The use of potassium chloride in the bread making process as a sodium chloride replacer may lead to bakery products of a very good quality from the technological point of view. The a...

Acrylamide (AA) is a chemical contaminant that is formed in bakery products during baking in especially for those obtained from flour with a high extraction rate. There are several ways to reduce the level of AA in bakery products, one of them being the use of antioxidants in bread making. The present study aims to analyze the effects antioxidant addition, respectively a rosemary extract one, in various levels (0.02%, 0.1% and 0.5% on wheat flour of a high extraction rate of 1250 type) to obtain bread products, in...

In this work, experiments have been carried out to study the impact of various stress factors present in the culture medium on the growth and bio-compound production for the microalgae species Porphyridium purpureum. Samples of microalgae have been grown under various stress conditions in a thermostated incubator under mixing and artificial light. Biomass production was determined by removing the cells through centrifugation followed by lyophilization. For exopolysaccharides isolation, the precipitation method wit...

Oilseed processing technologies include a sequence of intensive multiple heat treatments of seeds, oil and intermediate products. The optimization of these processes largely determines not only the price, but also the quality of the final products. Heat and mass transfer in multiphase multicomponent media are very complex. It is not yet possible to build adequate models of all processes theoretically. The thermophysical properties of the media under study change significantly with heating and changing pressure. Ne...

The aim of this work is to optimize the growth parameters of D. salina by altering nutritional factors, in order to maximize production of antioxidants and lipid fraction by the microalgae strain. For this purpose, the concentrations of different salts in the growth medium were varied. The biomass obtained was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively in order to determine biomass concentration and bioactive compounds concentrations in respect to the growth medium composition. Pigments were extracted from the drie...

Inhibition of the coil-helix transition of gelatin and retardation of the gelation process of the system as a whole is an important scientific problem. The solution to this problem will make it possible to maintain the properties of gelatin solutions for a long time without changing their rheological characteristics. In this work, by the method of dynamic mechanical analysis, the dependences of the time profile of gelatin solutions depending on the concentration of 10, 13 and 16 wt.%, as well as the different diss...