Browse

The aim of the work was to optimize the process of obtaining multicomponent protein compositions with high biological value and higher functional properties than the original vegetable protein products. Initially, studies were carried out to obtain a biocomposite composition of dry wheat gluten (DWG) - pea protein, DWG-potato protein, potato protein-oat protein. Composites are enriched with all three limiting amino acids: lysine, threonine, sulfur-containing amino acids. For each of the essential amino acids, amin...

Poultry meat and table eggs are known to be a popular food items all over the world. The nutritional value of poultry white meat is of great value over the red meat. It contains considerable amount of protein, minerals, vitamins, and fat. In order to ensure a good quality of poultry products, the flock should be a good health and free from infectious agents. Antibiotics were widely used to prevent diseases in poultry flocks. However, using antibiotics for long time may lead to microbes that are resistant to drugs....

Morphogenesis of structural elements of secondary xylem is associated with the biosynthesis of a massive secondary cell wall consisting of three layers, differing in mass, composition and structural organization. Cellulosic microfibrils are basic structural elements fixing cell walls. The participation of cellulases in cellulose biosynthesis is shown. Overexpression of cellulases (EGase) increased cell expansion and elongation and resulted in an increase in plant growth and biomass production. However, the precise...

The purpose of the study was the laboratory testing of the pendant seeder-spreader (production of China) as part of the universal unmanned aircraft system "OSA HEXA" based on UAV "OSA" (developer and producer was Bozon LLC, Moscow), in connection with which we solved the following tasks: 1) determination and assessment of performance indicators of the functioning of spreading device; 2) selection of the best modes of application of the test object; 3) selection of significant factors affecting the quality indicato...

In this study we performed a comparative analysis of the flavonoid compounds found in the composition of some species belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family, namely: cucumber (Cucumis sativus), bitter melor (Momordica charantia), zucchini or courgette (Cucurbita pepo) and horned melon (Cucumis metuliferus). The flavonoids in these species were identified by high performance liquid chromatography. The Cucumis metuliferus plant extract had the highest content in phenolic compounds (14.424 mg/L), while the Cucumis sat...

Consumption of muffins has become very popular around the world. Various ingredients have been used to obtain these muffins and different recipes can be found in the literature. In this study three different samples (S) of muffins (S1- with wheat flour, S2 ? with wheat flour: almond flour (1:1) and S3 ? with almond flour) were prepared and investigated. Muffins also contain, besides flour: eggs, coconut oil, sugar, nuts, cherries and orange juice in the same proportions for all samples. The composition is dosed in...

Model for a change of the biosystems states on the grounds of Markov chains is offered in the work. One of the main problems of management of the biosystems states is the study of the mechanisms, which determine dynamic features of the processes, taking place in the natural environment. Therefore, there is a necessity in the development of special methods, allowing to study dynamic properties of natural objects without subjecting them to ruination. Naturally, a mathematical modeling method may satisfy this demand ...

New functional foods produced by fermentation of pretreated with amylolytic and proteolytic enzymes cereal raw materials suspensions by probiotics are presented. Whole meal wheat flour comprising organic compounds and microelements was used as source of nutrients. Duozyme (Novozymes) amylases (1% by weight of the substrate) and Protex 40E (Genencor) proteases (2% of the protein content in flour) were applied for hydrolysis. The starter culture was one of the gram-positive probiotic lactic acid bacteria Lactobacill...

The increasing amount of fiber on wheat flour brings some deleterious effects on dough structure, such as the increasing of dough stickiness and fermentation tolerance decreasing. Also it has a negative influence against other properties of dough such as handling and rising properties. Fiber addition usually causes a decrease in bread volume and breadcrumb loses its elasticity. So, we had investigated if the xylanase addition could counteract those deleterious effects. Positive action of xylanase in dough could be...

Frozen fish is the primary raw material used in the industrial preparation of semi-finished ready to eat fish-based products. Ready to eat fish product manufacturers receive frozen fish raw materials from suppliers and defrost it before processing. Such raw materials are commodities; frozen fish are easily transported around the world, can be stored for a long time, and used for further processing as required, evenly distributing the company?s production capacity throughout the year and, thus, optimising costs. No...

This paper presents the stages of embryonic and postembryonic development in Polyodon spathula (Polyodontidae) under the conditions of the acclimatization area at Fish Culture Research and Development Station Nucet, Dambovita county, Romania. Embryonic development at the paddlefish is carried out in the temperature range of 14-18o C with an optimum of 16o C. For the induction of maturation and ovulation, the Nerestin 5A hormone was used. The size of the eggs is between 2.7-3 mm and light gray to gray-black in colo...

A vital role in detecting eye disorders is played by the analysis of the human retina using medical imaging methods. The main objective of this study is to improve the detection of retinal blood vessels by ameliorating the overall quality of non-uniform illumination conditions, removing image artifacts, connecting the broken vessels, and generating accurate segmented retinal vascular systems. A three-stage edge detection framework is proposed. First, image denoising, contrast enhancement, stretched decorrelation a...

Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's affect an increasing number of people. Their etiology is related to the formation of fibrils and protein aggregates. Therefore, new therapeutic strategies and compounds are required to prevent aggregation of ?-amyloid (A?) peptides. There are some neuropeptides that play an important role in the immune regulation, as well as in neuroprotection; therefore, they might be possible candidates for future drug development. Consequently, our experiments were ...

Industrially defatted non-dehulled sunflower meal (SFM) with a protein content 22%, fibre 38% and cellulose 23% was separated into several fractions: protein fraction and lignocellulosic fraction, then they can be used for bioconversion into value added products. The protein concentrate (PC) contained 83% of protein. Hydrolysis of this concentrate by the commercial proteases, such as Proteinase T, Protex 7L, Protex 40E (Danisco Genecor, Denmark) and Pancreatin (Biosynthesis, the Russian Federation) can transform t...

It was studied susceptibility of starch granules of different types to hydrolysis by enzymes both in the gelatinized and native state. Starch was evaluated by chemical composition, morphology, physical and chemical properties and compared with respect to the action of amylolytic enzymes traditionally used to produce sugary starch products (alpha-amylase, glucoamylase). Enzymatic susceptibility of the samples was evaluated by accumulation of reducing matters during the hydrolysis of 1% starch suspension in gelatini...

Lake Onego is the second largest lake in Europe and it is situated in the Northwest of Russia. Benthal deposits of lake Onego are known to contain a large number of iron ore, and that affects the bacterial communities present in the lake. Some bacteria have a defense mechanism against the toxicity of metal ions which involves formation of metal nanoparticles. Bacterial synthesis of metal nanoparticles has a wide range of applications in industry due to its low cost, non-toxicity and eco-friendliness. Due to their ...

The study of the properties and immobilization of various therapeutic agents on natural carriers is an actual task of medical biotechnology and bioorganic chemistry, since this allows creation of stabilized, biologically active drugs with controlled release, as well as a targeted site of action for use in various fields of medicine. Such therapeutic agents can be used as cleansing, antibacterial and (or) antioxidant treatments. The loss of biological activity of the materials, which contains various therapeutic ag...

The use of chemical crop protection products takes the lead in worldwide agricultural technologies. However, a significant part of pesticides does not achieve the goals, disperses in the environment, and accumulates in crops and food products. Targeted and controlled delivery of pesticides helps to decrease the overuse of chemicals due to the prolonged gradual release of active ingredients from matrices and maintaining of effective concentration in the application zone. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ef...

In this work hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanoparticles ranging in size from 30 to 150 nm of lamellar and rod-shaped form were obtained by controlled deposition in the presence of a stabilizer. HAP nanoparticle powder in different mass ratios was added to a mixture of biocompatible polymers (sodium alginate and PLGA), which were the dispersion medium of the emulsion. Water or an aqueous solution of sodium citrate was used as the dispersed phase. The internal structure of the matrices was studied by scanning electron micro...

Glucose on an industrial scale is obtained in anhydride (at a temperature above 50 0C) or hydrate form (at a temperature below 50 0C). The crystallization process is conventionally divided into two stages: nucleation ? the formation of nucleus and their growth to crystals of technical dimensions. The most difficult stage is the formation of nucleus during the crystallization of hydrate glucose. Spontaneous formation of nucleus is slow and they have a fragile needle shape, from which it is difficult to grow technic...

This article presents the influence of pentosanases enzymes on the rheological parameters of the dough obtained from rye flour. The rheological characteristics of the rye dough were determined using the alveographic and consistographic methods. The functional properties of the main constituents of rye - starch, proteins and pentosans influence the baking characteristics rye flour. Rye does not contain as much gluten as wheat, and the quality of rye gluten is poor when it comes to retaining gases. This means breads...

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), as transporter of distinct bioactive molecules, can take part in different physiological mechanisms. Whereas a high number of studies have been published related to mammalian derived EVs, the existence of EVs in plants still is controversial. Plant EVs are poorly characterized, and their composition is largely unknown. Our knowledge of plant exosomes is limited, and we are far from understanding the biological functions of plant exosomes. The fusion of multivesicular bodies with a pla...

Thin-layer chromatography is a useful and environmentally friendly analytical tool still with potential for the future. As a planar chromatographic technique has a wide spectrum of applications and it can be complimentary to other chromatographic techniques like, for instance, high performance liquid chromatography. Separation on thin-layer was performed for the very first time by Izmailov and Shraiber in 1937-1938. They called the new technique spot or drop chromatography and used it for separation of selected pl...

The concept of bioeconomy began to actively take shape in the world in the mid-2000s, when the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and the European Commission (EC) began to develop programs to promote the bioeconomy in different countries. Documentation in the field of bioeconomy is a challenge for research, as official statistics report data on traditional sectors without distinguishing between synthetic and biological production. Therefore, indicators for the bioeconomic field are curren...

Microorganisms are ubiquitous in nature and possess unique biochemical possibilities to assimilate a vast array of available substrates and produce unique se metabolit and biotransformation pathways. Long-term exposure to elevated arsenic and antimony concentrations has led to the selection of specifically resistant autochthonous microorganisms. In the cultivable component of isolated bacterial microorganisms, Bacillus was identified as the dominant genus, which has been represented by nine species. Interesting ph...

Bacillus megaterium is a bacterium that has been used for the industrial production of vitamin B12 (cobalamin), the anti-pernicious anaemia factor. Cobalamin is a modified tetrapyrrole with a cobalt ion coordinated within its macrocycle. Previous findings outline a potential way to develop B. megaterium as a cell factory for cobalamin production using cheap raw materials. In this paper, a novel strategy was implemented to investigate the possibility to use sunflower protein isolates and its enzymatic hydrolysates ...

Food processing wastes are the end products of the food processing industries which cannot be recycled or used for other purposes. They are the non-product flows of raw materials whose economic values are less than the cost of collection and recovery for reuse; thus they are discarded as a waste. These wastes pose increasing disposal and potential severe pollution problems and represent a loss of valuable biomass and nutrients. Avocado, mango and pomegranate processing significantly produces amount of waste (peels...

This paper compares four growth models (Logistic Model, Gompertz Model, Richards Model and Stannard Model) using the experimental data of wastewater treatment from a single sell protein production with Bacillus subtilis in order to describe bacterial biomass growth. One model was used to describe carbohydrate consumption during the bacterial fermentation. This study was carried at the Department of Biotechnology (Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia) as part of deproteinized sunflower meal bioconv...

Glucose toxicity is a well-established being that has been proven in higher vertebrates. The goal of this the present study was to elucidate the response of farming fish gibel carp Carassius auratus gibelio to waterborne sucrose in low (5.55 mM, LS) and high (55.5 mM, HS) concentrations for 21 days mimicking carbohydrate-enrich diet. An increase in blood glucose levels, body mass and hepatosomatic indices were the common sign for both concentrations of sucrose. The treatment with low concentration of sucrose provo...

Crystal dextrose is produced from solutions by enzymatic hydrolysis of starch. The process of crystallization of dextrose is the most complicated and responsible. The nucleation stage is particularly difficult. The common theory of crystallization connects the rate of nucleus formation with the surface tension of the solution. The purpose of the research is to activate the crystallization process by using surface-active substances (surfactants). Aliphatic alcohols: butanol, propanol, isobutanol, isopropanol were u...

Crystal dextrose is produced from solutions by enzymatic hydrolysis of starch. The process of crystallization of dextrose is the most complicated and responsible. The nucleation stage is particularly difficult. The common theory of crystallization connects the rate of nucleus formation with the surface tension of the solution. The purpose of the research is to activate the crystallization process by using surface-active substances (surfactants). Aliphatic alcohols: butanol, propanol, isobutanol, isopropanol were u...

For to determinate the DNA content and analysis of cell distribution in different phases of the cell cycle, flow cytometry was used. The exact measurements of a large number of nuclei by flow cytometry, fluorescently labeled by passing a laser beam (excitation), which marks each individual nucleus by fluorescence, allows a rapid estimation of the relative nuclear content of the DNA of the analyzed plants . Approximately 0.5 cm2 of foliar tissue is harvested, crushed very well, followed by incubation of the sample ...

For to determinate the DNA content and analysis of cell distribution in different phases of the cell cycle, flow cytometry was used. The exact measurements of a large number of nuclei by flow cytometry, fluorescently labeled by passing a laser beam (excitation), which marks each individual nucleus by fluorescence, allows a rapid estimation of the relative nuclear content of the DNA of the analyzed plants . Approximately 0.5 cm2 of foliar tissue is harvested, crushed very well, followed by incubation of the sample ...

Dill (Anethum graveolens), a condimentary and aromatic plant belonging to the Apiaceae family is widely used in the food industry due to its preservative and functional properties. Current study aimed to obtain ethanolic extracts of Anethum graveolens (seeds and fresh leaves) and to investigate these plant parts for their antioxidant activity (AA), total phenolics content (TPC) and profile of individual polyphenols, including: caffeic, ferulic, coumaric, rosmarinic, gallic, protocatechuic acids, rutin, resveratrol...

Dill (Anethum graveolens), a condimentary and aromatic plant belonging to the Apiaceae family is widely used in the food industry due to its preservative and functional properties. Current study aimed to obtain ethanolic extracts of Anethum graveolens (seeds and fresh leaves) and to investigate these plant parts for their antioxidant activity (AA), total phenolics content (TPC) and profile of individual polyphenols, including: caffeic, ferulic, coumaric, rosmarinic, gallic, protocatechuic acids, rutin, resveratrol...

The production of food waste covers all the food life cycle: from agriculture, up to industrial manufacturing and processing, retail and household consumption. Increasingly, industrial ecology concepts such as cradle to cradle and circular economy are considered leading principle for eco-innovation, aiming at ?zero waste economy? in which waste is used as raw material for new products and applications. The large amount of waste produced by the food industry, in addition to being a great loss of valuable materials,...

The production of food waste covers all the food life cycle: from agriculture, up to industrial manufacturing and processing, retail and household consumption. Increasingly, industrial ecology concepts such as cradle to cradle and circular economy are considered leading principle for eco-innovation, aiming at ?zero waste economy? in which waste is used as raw material for new products and applications. The large amount of waste produced by the food industry, in addition to being a great loss of valuable materials,...

The complex valorization of marine algae biomass is an important resource for many industries like pharmaceuticals and cosmeceuticals, as raw material for the extraction of bioactive principles (vitamins, pigments, sterols and collagen), cosmetics, biofertilizers and wastewater treatment. In the last years a special attention has been given to the use of macroalgae in the pharmaceuticals and dermato-cosmetics field. Algal growth is due to the amount of nutrients available in the marine environment. The aim of this...

The complex valorization of marine algae biomass is an important resource for many industries like pharmaceuticals and cosmeceuticals, as raw material for the extraction of bioactive principles (vitamins, pigments, sterols and collagen), cosmetics, biofertilizers and wastewater treatment. In the last years a special attention has been given to the use of macroalgae in the pharmaceuticals and dermato-cosmetics field. Algal growth is due to the amount of nutrients available in the marine environment. The aim of this...

Methods of parasite structures visualization using fluorescent probes are widely used in nowadays. The technological utilization of benzanthrone dyes is growing, but in biology studies they are still rarely used. Our studies show the advisability/expediency of using these dyes in investigation of helminthes structures. The aim of present study was to evaluate the novel synthesized luminophore AZP5 for efficient staining of trematodes for confocal laser scanning microscopy. All helminthes were previously preserved ...

Methods of parasite structures visualization using fluorescent probes are widely used in nowadays. The technological utilization of benzanthrone dyes is growing, but in biology studies they are still rarely used. Our studies show the advisability/expediency of using these dyes in investigation of helminthes structures. The aim of present study was to evaluate the novel synthesized luminophore AZP5 for efficient staining of trematodes for confocal laser scanning microscopy. All helminthes were previously preserved ...

With introduction of new and advanced technologies in beekeeping it is possible to design and use Internet of Things (IoT) sensor systems embedded in beehives. This provides the ability to collect heterogeneous data and to provide real-time remote monitoring. Complex prognostic models are applied after the data is manipulated and normalized. The obtained results are used to predict the processes occurring in beehives. For this purpose, the collected data must be divided into at least two parts for training and val...

With introduction of new and advanced technologies in beekeeping it is possible to design and use Internet of Things (IoT) sensor systems embedded in beehives. This provides the ability to collect heterogeneous data and to provide real-time remote monitoring. Complex prognostic models are applied after the data is manipulated and normalized. The obtained results are used to predict the processes occurring in beehives. For this purpose, the collected data must be divided into at least two parts for training and val...

The research carried out in the present paper aimed at monitoring and evaluating the technological process of obtaining the ecological cheese type ?PETROVA?, in the Maramures county area, Romania. To achieve this raw milk originating from domestic producers was evaluated in terms of fat content, acidity and density of this. After the final ecological cheese type product has been obtained, analyzes have been made for it?s physicochemical evaluation as follows: water content analysis, fat content analysis, salt cont...

The research carried out in the present paper aimed at monitoring and evaluating the technological process of obtaining the ecological cheese type ?PETROVA?, in the Maramures county area, Romania. To achieve this raw milk originating from domestic producers was evaluated in terms of fat content, acidity and density of this. After the final ecological cheese type product has been obtained, analyzes have been made for it?s physicochemical evaluation as follows: water content analysis, fat content analysis, salt cont...

The research carried out in this paper aimed to evaluate five types of beer throughout the technological flow of their production. The technological flow of producing the five types of beer has been monitored at all stages of it, starting with beer must, beer before filtering, BBT beer and bottled beer. To achieve this goal, the following physicochemical analyzes were carried out: color analysis expressed in EBC units, pH analysis, determination of bitter substances expressed in units of B.U. All the results obtai...

The research carried out in this paper aimed to evaluate five types of beer throughout the technological flow of their production. The technological flow of producing the five types of beer has been monitored at all stages of it, starting with beer must, beer before filtering, BBT beer and bottled beer. To achieve this goal, the following physicochemical analyzes were carried out: color analysis expressed in EBC units, pH analysis, determination of bitter substances expressed in units of B.U. All the results obtai...

Plants do not grow axenically in nature, but host a diverse community of microorganisms, termed as plant microbiota, colonizing different niches, both inside and outside their tissues, in the endosphere and ectosphere, respectively. These microorganisms are involved in major physiological processes, such as plant nutrition and plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stress factors. The aim of the research was to investigate the normal microbiota of rare plant species (listed with different degrees of danger in the ...

Plants do not grow axenically in nature, but host a diverse community of microorganisms, termed as plant microbiota, colonizing different niches, both inside and outside their tissues, in the endosphere and ectosphere, respectively. These microorganisms are involved in major physiological processes, such as plant nutrition and plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stress factors. The aim of the research was to investigate the normal microbiota of rare plant species (listed with different degrees of danger in the ...

Endophytic bacteria can improve the growth and development of plants, and also prevent the growth or activity of plant pathogens, reduce the aggressiveness or causative agent. Endophyte bacteria can be specific depending on the host. The properties of the microorganisms colonizing tissues of various plants can vary greatly. Therefore, the study of endophytes present in plants is of great interest because of their possible subsequent use in order to increase the productivity of plants and protect them from pathogen...