Browse

The seismic surveys, carried out in various stages, highlighted two domes, placed on the eastern flank of the outpost of the Eastern Carpathians, in the Pralea - Focsani Depression. According to the Bouguer and filtered gravimetric images, the two domes (Fitionesti - Trotusanu and Movilita) are placed approximately 12 km east of the axis of the outpost, on a single major gravimetric maximum. But, while the south-eastern dome (Movilita) determines an important local gravimetric maximum (+6 mgal. On the residual gra...

The modern world is on the verge of change - the models of economic development that have existed for more than one decade are being replaced by new systems that will provide humanity with not only a bright present, but also the future. We are talking about a green economy, with equal attention not only to people, but also to the world around them. The green economy and its competitiveness is a global and European opportunity to overcome international economic problems, accompanied by a more lenient attitude towar...

Sacidava archeological site is located in the Dobruja region, Romania, on a hill on the right bank of the Danube - the Musait point, located at about 5 km northeast from Dunareni village. The Roman Sacidava was part of the province of Scythia Minor, at its southern limit, and belonged to the military complex (limes) built along the Danube since the 1st century AD. The fortress has had an uninterrupted evolution from the beginning of the 2nd century AD until the first quarter of the 7th century AD, being one of the...

Transitional (brackish) water bodies host extremely vulnerable ecosystems. They are highly sensitive to pollution, changes in the water currents, nutrient levels, etc. Over the course of the 20th century in Bulgaria, many of them were purposely drained or strongly altered. Today, these fragile ecosystems account for just 0.1% of Bulgaria’s area, and hence they are listed among the country’s top priority nature conservation sites. The long-term preservation and survival of numerous rare or threatened hydrobionts de...

Heavy mineral concentrations formed in fluvial deposits present the signature of the mineral provenance and of the hydraulic sorting during transport and accumulation. The sedimentary discharge of the Danube River has been preferentially deposited due to the mineral physico-chemical properties, such as size, morphology and density, as well as local hydrodynamic factors. Besides these natural aspects, the recent modifications of the Danube and its deltaic branches are associated with a significant remodelling of th...

Catalytic activity of commercial ruthenium catalyst (ruthenium (5%) supported on alumina (Ru5%Al2O3)) on renewable hydrocarbon production from stearic and oleic acid via hydrotreatment was investigated. Moreover, the effect of Ru5%/Al2O3 on aromatic (ethylbenzene) and saturated cyclic hydrocarbon (cyclohexane) structure modification under the same reaction conditions was determined. Full conversion of fatty acid feedstock into pure hydrocarbons were achieved over ruthenium catalyst. Linear alkanes (n-pentane to n-...

Upstream hydrocarbon exploration and production remains an important economic sector providing the necessary raw materials for several areas of Russian economy. To enhance the resource efficiency and environmental performance of the sector, researchers and practitioners develop approaches based on Best Available Techniques (BATs). In Russia, the BAT concept has been rapidly developing since 2014. Unlike in the European Union, in Russia, upstream hydrocarbon exploration and production sector is regulated by IPPC-li...

In the investigation of gas explosion events resulting from combustible gas leakage, often the formation of the explosive atmosphere at the location of the ignition source is less highlighted, usually being calculated the concentration of combustible gases at the entire volume affected by the explosion; depending on the distance between the gas source and the ignition, the complexity of the geometry (volumes occupied by various solid bodies) and the air currents in that volume (convective currents generated by hea...

The article analyzes the effect of the radioactivity of some crude oil components on the environment in the Moine?ti geological area. The analysis of the equivalent dose flow measurements shows the influence of contaminated equipment, in the areas adjacent to them, where when measuring the soil were obtained values of dose flow between 0.2 - 3.0 ?Sv/h, both at a height of 10 cm from of soil, as well as at a height of 100 cm from the ground, with a maximum of 3.5 ?Sv/h. By interpreting the results of the determinat...

The formation of a groundwater aquifer in a unique territory disturbed by the quarrying of a phosphorite deposit in the southwest of the Leningrad region, built up with industrial facilities for ore processing, auxiliary production, and waste storage is considered. During the quarrying of the phosphorite layer, the hydrogeological section was disturbed, the filtration and capacitive properties of the soils of the aeration zone and water-bearing rocks changed. In the zone of active quarries, during dewatering, the ...

COVID-19 has imposed shocks on all segments of food supply chains, simultaneously affecting farm production, food processing, transport and logistics and final demand. It is therefore important to assess the risks, the probability of their occurrence and their impacts in order to develop risk mitigation recommendations. In Latvia, poultry farming as an agricultural industry has centuries-old traditions. Poultry in Latvia are produced both on large poultry farms and on small and backyard farms. There are 21 large a...

To reveal the effect of coal mining on the content of trace elements in the environment and human bio-substrates in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The representative sample consisted of 90 children, aged 7 to 17, who have been permanently residing in the coal mining region since their birth. The study of the content of 11 microelements in human hair was done by mass spectrometry. Of the huge variety of the mineral resource base of Neryungri, only deposits of coal, gold, underground and mineral waters are now inv...

The emission of fluorine compounds by industrial plants that process phosphorites and apatites and the spread of their wastes become one of the main sources of formation of a persistent technogenic anomaly nearby Taraz (Zhambyl) town in Kazakhstan. Ecological-geochemical monitoring of the content of this element in the environmental objects is an essential measure because of the severity of consequences caused by hyperfluorosis. The study aimed to evaluate the levels of fluorine in the water, soil, and plants. Loc...

Nowadays, in the literature we come across the notion that selected physico-chemical parameters have an influence on diesel engine operation and are included in the European standard PN- 590. Fuels meeting the standard for diesel engine are complex substances, which do not consist of simple hydrocarbons, but very complex, extended aromatic hydrocarbons. This paper presents proposals for the use of simple chemical compounds such as alcohols as diesel engine fuels. It has been demonstrated that selected alcohols can...

In 2015-2020 the content of heavy metals and metalloids in the river bottom sediments in Kaliningrad region was studied. Definition of arsenic, lead, zinc, copper, and vanadium, iron, manganese, titanium, aluminum was carried out in water samples and in the samples of bottom and floodplain sediments in the watercourses, flowing into the Curonian Lagoon, in the Baltic Sea and in Kaliningradsky (Vistula) Lagoon, as well as in the watercourses of the southern part of the Kaliningrad region. The composition and patter...

One of the main commitments of Bulgaria to the population and business is to improve the water sector of the country in order to reach European standards. For this purpose, a financial analysis is applied, describing in detail the financial projections (operating revenues and costs, applicable tariffs for water supply and sewerage services), as well as the conclusions related to the application of the following indicators: water supply and demand, need for co-financing, financial indicators. profitability, social ...

The relevance of preserving the biosphere’s sustainable state determines the need to restore natural ecosystems. The Mining Institute KSC RAS has substantiated the methodology and developed a technology to restore natural ecosystems disturbed during the development of georesources, in accordance with the principle of their self-organization. The increase of the energy potential of the system-forming function of biota results in a much faster remediation of natural ecosystems, compare to self-growing. The permanent...

The field of Earth Sciences has always been at the border between fundamental and applied research. If the fundamental part remains the complexity and unpredictability of research on Earth and natural phenomena, development and applied innovation are anchored in society and give a norm of the impact of research for society. The SETTING project aims to coordinate a distributed infrastructure that owns and can provide data, products and services (DPS) relevant to the field of Earth Sciences, to a wide and diverse co...

The paper considers the methodology and algorithms for integrating geotechnical control methods in assessing the stability of natural and technical objects. In the process of creating data processing algorithms for control systems of natural and technical objects, it is necessary to be based on the purpose and system methodology of the control itself. The purpose of the control is to assess the current state of the object based on the measured geotechnical data and to forecast the development of possible destructi...

Today, a large number of investors base their forecasts, and subsequently make investment decisions, by combining financial and non-financial information. If, until recently, financial data and indicators calculated on their bases were not sufficient for justifying investment decisions, nowadays the situation is rather different. Non-financial information, as a totality of data about environmental, managerial, and social productivity, has a key significance in the assessment of investment projects. The role of thi...

Today, elimination of active pharmaceutical ingredients from environmental waters and wastewaters is becoming an increasingly topical issue. This paper describes a flow-though technology for wastewater treatment, with tetracycline used as an example of a contaminant. A standard scheme for wastewater treatment to eliminate the mentioned compound consisted in advanced oxygen processes based on ozone treatment, fenton process, sonochemical reactions and UV treatment. Currently, photocatalysis is considered the most p...

An important practical task in the study of any measuring devices and systems is to assess their sensitivity. Such systems include, in particular, hardware and software systems for geodynamic monitoring of geological environments for leaks of petroleum products (from areal storage and processing facilities), implemented on the basis of the phase-based method of geoelectric control. The idea of this method is based on the fact that various petroleum products have their own unique electrical characteristics, contras...

Georgia is a classical karst country, where a variety of surface and underground karst forms are represented. The main aim of this work is to present karst and pseudokarst features in Georgia, which occupy 17.9% or 12,454 km2 of the entire territory of Georgia. All layers of the Upper Jurassic, as well as the Cretaceous and Lower Paleogene systems are being karstified in Georgia About 10.2% (7120 km2) of the country is occupied by karst (carbonate rocks). Limestones are represented by Upper Jurassic, Cretaceous an...

The coastal area is the field of continuous interaction of marine hydrodynamic factors with those that act on the land. Since the prehistory, human communities have settled in this area, having access to both marine and land resources, drinking water being the most important. The Black Sea level is the drainage base level to which the surface waters of its hydrographic basin flow, but it also influences the groundwater dynamics. Southern Dobrogea is a typical geologic platform unit, divided in several tectonic blo...

Stock market development is crucial to any economy, as a funding alternative to bank lending, as well as the value added to the overall economy. One of the measurements to evaluate economic advancement is stock market capitalization (mcap) to gross domestic product (GDP), in this indicator Latvia is in one of the last places in the European Union (EU). Therefore, the main goal is to assess the landscape and Latvia’s potential to reach neighboring countries’ mcap to GDP level using existing registered companies, as...

Records of the magnetic variations are different at every observatory. They depend mainly on the latitude of the observatory and the local time. To give a quantitative measure of the amount of magnetic disturbance at any time, we need to rely on magnetic indices. Usually, local K-index is preferred as indicator of the geomagnetic activity in a specific area. Each observatory assigns a digit ranging from 0 to 9 to both H and D, for every three-hour interval starting at midnight, universal time (UT). Recently, in De...

The study of the dynamic behavior of the Earth’s magnetic field and its interaction with the Solar wind is an important for better understanding of the processes in the magnetosphere and on the surface of the Earth’s ground. This dynamic system is created due to solar-terrestrial interactions. The effects on the variations of the magnetic field induced by geomagnetic storms are strongly dependent on the local time and the latitude. Our goal is to study of the spectral characteristics of the ULF geomagnetic field v...

Low-carbon development is an inevitable choice to solve environmental problems and achieve sustainability. The European Union set a goal to become carbon neutral by 2050 and then proposed a Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) to tackle carbon leakage and enhance the effectiveness of European climate policies. The EU is Russia`s largest trading partner, so this mechanism could potentially have a significant impact on the Russian exporters of fossil fuels and carbon-intensive products and the country`s economy...

Cement concrete pavements are very specific group of the road construction due to the different traffic loads and vary time difficulties in the course of maintenance and repairs. For the design of the planed repairs the increased requirements are imposed especially in the terms of repair life time cycle. The economical evaluation shall consider not only the value of the repair itself but also the cost connected with the diversion of air traffic during the execution of the maintenance and repairs. Therefore, is hig...

The prevention of major accidents involving hazardous substances is relatively well-controlled issue, nevertheless wastes, especially industrial ones, may exhibit similar hazardous properties as classified chemical substances and mixtures, but they are frequently not directly involved in the priorities area of major accident risk management. Among exceptions, mining wastes from processing, located in tailing facilities, are directly involved in the Seveso III Directive (2012/18/EU) and implemented in national legi...

Considerable effort of scientific community was made in order to substitute traditional energy resources for green and renewable one. One of possible solution of this issue is wide hydrogen application for energy production. Hydrogen can be produced by different ways including water electrolysis, hydrocarbons and alcohols steam reforming, however, in last case hydrogen purification is needed. Membrane hydrogen separation can serve as good alternative compared to rectification or adsorption process. Beside combinat...

The cascade water system of the Azov Sea basin is a set of geochemical barriers. Here, water masses of different mineralization mix, and the hydrological and hydrodynamic conditions change. As a result, there is a sharp change in the physical, chemical, and biogeochemical characteristics of all components of the aquatic ecosystem, including bottom sediments. Bottom sediments are a more conservative component of the aquatic landscape in comparison with the water mass. The content of pollutants in the samples taken ...

Green energy from solar, wind, and water in the nearest future will make a maximum contribution to global energy balance, substituting combustion technologies for energy production. However, considerable efforts need to be made in this direction, therefore, carbon dioxide caption technologies and hydrogen purification technologies are needed for a transition period to reduce the burden on nature. Hydrogen can be considered a green energy source. It can be obtained from water using electrolysis or hydrocarbons, alc...

Renewable and waste resources valorization can considerably improve the ecological issues of modern industry and transport sectors of economy. Methanol to hydrocarbon reaction process can be considered one of the possible ways for biomass valorization, resulting in hydrocarbons formation applicable to the chemical industry and transport applications. This way includes biomass gasification process to form a syn-gas, the next step typically includes syn-gas transformation into methanol and the last one includes meth...

The increased content of suspended fine mineral particles in technological and waste waters of mining enterprises and the need to reduce their content to prescriptive concentrations before recycling or discharging into natural water bodies make it necessary to develop new approaches to water conditioning. Despite a variety of existing technological solutions, it’s a problem to select a water conditioning method that simultaneously provides low cost and environmental acceptability. The solution to this task is the ...

Technology of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) is used to obtain ligature in Fe-B system. The SHS Technology can also be successfully used for obtaining ligatures from metallurgical waste, which is the subject of investigation in the presented paper. To separate melted alloy of Fe-B and slag of the process, synthesis is carried out in centrifugal machine. Separation degree between melted alloy of Fe-B and slag in the graphite cup inside the rotating reactor, and, therefore, output degree of final ...

Peltier thermoelectric modules (TEM) have a number of key advantages over compressor cooling systems (ease of use for both cooling and heating, high operational characteristics due to the absence of moving parts, etc.). Ensuring smooth and accurate regulation of the TEM temperature regime requires the development and application of effective automatic control systems. To create complex temperature change profiles, it is necessary to increase the order of the control system, which causes a stability problem. To ana...

The Article is dedicated to the analysis of alterations that occur in the structural land use in the territory of large cities and to formation of proposals on improvements of the city policy in the area of land use, infrastructure development and ecology. St. Petersburg, that is one of the largest Russian cities, is used as an example for the analysis. However, the tendencies and issues identified in the article may be considered generic for all large cities of Russia. The article is based on the analysis of the ...

The purpose of this study is to develop approaches for the monitoring the environmental and reputational risks of building industry’s companies; to confirm the hypothesis that it is possible to use audited financial and environmental reports as sources for monitoring. The basis of the author's idea is the conceptual approaches of the international standards on auditing and true view tasks, as tools to guarantee the reliability of the results of monitoring environmental indicators in conjunction with key audit issu...

Buried Neogene-Quaternary river valleys are widespread within the Middle Volga region. The article presents morphology and morphometry data of paleovalleys on the territory of the Middle Volga region (northward of Samarskaya Luka). The material for study was obtained on the basis of the analysis of geological surveying in 1950-2000s. Information processing was carried out using the methods of geoinformation mapping, which are widely used in paleogeomorphological studies. Derived database allowed to operate with da...

By adopting the Multiannual Financial Framework (MMF), the European Union (EU) sets the priorities and objectives for the EU. The achievement of the objectives set out in the multi-annual budget is closely linked to the implementation of the Member States' national policies and strategies, as well as to the programming documents for the administration of the European Investment Funds. In order to track the progress of the EU Member States in the implementation of economic and social cohesion policy, the authors ha...

The article includes estimates to confirm that the energy of the water of the Oka and Volga rivers at their confluence has being sufficient to erode transfer the volume of surrounding sedimentary rocks, and forming a height difference of about 100 m between the right and left banks and creating a unique landscape of stunning beauty and attractiveness. This phenomenon is due to the work of the Coriolis force and therefore is ubiquitous. However, at the confluence of the Oka and Volga rivers the transfer of sediment...

Requirements for performing environmental self-monitoring (ESM) of various installations are set in the Russian legislation. However, large industrial plants often need to develop and run Industrial Environmental Monitoring (IEM) Programmes not at source but within the zone of influence, which in Russia is defined as the area at the boundaries of which concentrations of contaminants emitted by the pollution source reach 5 % of respective maximum allowable concentrations (ambient air quality standards). IEMP object...

The seismicity of Romania is significantly affected by earthquakes produced by the Vrancea seismic source with intermediate depth events (3 shocks/century with magnitude Mw greater than 7.0). The seismic activity on the Romanian territory consists of both shallow and intermediate-depth earthquakes. The crustal seismicity is moderate and more scattered in comparison with the intermediate-depth one. The recent upgrade of the seismic network in Romania with high dynamic range velocity sensors (150 real time seismic s...

Hydrogen production plays an important role in the decarbonization of energy used in all sectors. It can be used as an environmentally friendly raw material, fuel or energy carrier. According to Hydrogen Roadmap Europe (2019), the total amount of hydrogen used in the EU is 339 TWh. The largest share falls on the refining processes (153 TWh) and the chemical industry (for the production of ammonia and methanol - a total of 156 TWh). The highest quota has the refining processes (153 TWh) and the chemical industry (f...

One of problems in terrain surveys in geology and archeology is sample obtaining. Among all possible complications are limits in sample volumes and masses, including possible toxicity or radioactivity and also the legal status of the samples. In his contribution, these problems are addressed by application of microsampling by surface exfoliation of geological objects and archaeologic artifacts using various tapes and subsequent analyses of the resulting samples. Among method used were both optical and electron mic...

RDF (Refuse Derived Fuel) is obtained from the highly combustible components of household and industrial waste. RDF is mainly used in European countries with a high standard for waste recycling, such as Austria, Germany and the Netherlands. A method for the synthesis of carbon materials and composites based on RDF, coal pitch, petroleum coke and others has been developed. Some of the used components of RDF are: cardboard, polyethylene and polypropylene. The first step in the synthesis process is oxidation, perform...

The purpose of the study is to find the optimal ratio of the equity and debt capital for one of the enterprises of the Russian coal industry using proposed optimization model of the capital structure. In the recent years Russian coal companies endured external and internal challenges connected with access restrictions to the international capital markets due to sanctions and tightening environmental regulations, as well as all time relevant problems of increasing returns and economic benefits from equity capital. ...

The rapid development of agricultural sector is becoming the main factor leading to continuously increasing of specific pollution of surface water. The aim of this study was to assess the selected parameters of oxidative stress in zebrafish (Danio rerio) after their exposure to environmental realistic concentrations of roundup and chlorpyrifos during 14 days. Our results confirm that roundup and chlorpyrifos in the environmentally relevant concentrations promote oxidative stress in zebrafish liver. In particular, ...

The authors were the first to study the main parameters of the mineral metabolism of plants that grow in the Plast Region of the Chelyabinsk Oblast in biogeocenosis with different technogenic impact. The study included the samples of plants taken from the surface of the Novotroitsk tailing dump of the gold-arsenic deposit and similar samples from the reference areas (>15 km from the technogenic formation). The samples of spring sedge (Carex praecox), feather grass (Stipa pennata), poison hemlock (Conium maculatum)...