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Methane emission into the underground mine environment frequently leads to gas accumulations and therefore increases explosion risk. This risk is very serious since primary gas explosion can act as an ignition source of the secondary coal dust explosion with devastating consequences, generating disastrous events in underground mines. In most cases fatalities occur at locations far from the source of the explosion due to the effects of a propagating large flame and an intense pressure wave. The objective of this pr...

Classification of information and data of mining in every relevant mining industry plays an important, sensitive, and undeniable role in progressive decision making procedures. Collecting this data in the form of a software collection package can be useful in providing service and information for the future mining activities and industries. Organizing of mining information on base the type of major minerals, geological setting, origin of the forming , and situation of the active and abandoned mines basically leads...

In this study, the water content of the base sediments and rocks under an abandoned small waste water dam in Selcuk University campus in Konya was monitored. This small dam was planned to construct for the beneficiation of the waste water of Selcuk University main campus. After usage of a few mouths, the dam was demolished by campus authorities due to its water leakage through its base sediments. The study presented here contains the work done to determine water localization in the base rocks in front of the dam. ...

Students approaches to “mine engineering job” in Selcuk University, Mining Engineering Department is one of the study area to comprehend departmental educational target. This study was taken place by surveying the mining engineering students at Selcuk University. The survey covered first year (grade) students for their ideas and expectations in future. Second and third year students were surveyed for their lectures and difficulties they come across during their education. Fourth year students in the department...

Most important factors that made them feeling tired or overloaded in underground, were heat factor and other microclimatic factors influencing working environment deterioration. Mine modernism made those influences become lower rapidly, however, increasing the mine depth, made underground microclimate conditions get worse, as a lack of the fresh air and continuous problems to increase the air content. Microclimatic parameters in the Trepca mine were considered, emphasising horizon 10th and their influence in heat ...

This paper presents the analysis of ground vibration parameters induced by blasting excavations realized at different sites located close to the residential areas. Within the scope of this study, in order to predict peak particle velocity and determine the slope of the attenuation curve for all sites and rock units, ground vibration components were measured for all blast events over a long period. During the study, while the parameters of scaled distance were recorded carefully, the ground vibration components wer...

The estimation of important parameters at Choghart mine stockpile is accomplished by sampling specific parameters that allow detection of useful parts of the Low Grade stockpile. Huge amount of low grade broken rocks near the open pit can causes some environmental problem. Therefore, determination of dump parameters became important in this mine. In this research the estimation of Fe and P was fulfilled in low grade stockpile of Choghart. The Estimation of these two parameters (Fe \& P) can be used for mapping the...

The town of Northwich in Cheshire, England has played host to the salt mining industry for 300 years and was the cradle of the modern heavy chemical industry with which it has been associated for approximately 200 years. Historically, the dumping of waste from these industries on adjacent land was unregulated leading to substantial accumulations of ‘legacy industrial solid waste’ (LISW) arising from many processes including brine evaporation and the Leblanc and Solvay processes for soda ash production. This pr...

The difficulty in reclamation of the North Bohemian Basin dumps consists in extremely severe properties of rocks in most of the dumps. It mainly concerns the rocks of the overlaying formation and the formation of brown coal seams. Sands, kaolinitic clayey sands and kaolinitic and illitic clays are the main materials bulk to the dumps. The admixtures of the bulk rocks consist of organic coal, siderite and pyrite. These rocks are mechanically unstable against wind and water erosion and they have obtained adverse, ac...

Providing of the healthy environment at the mining activity spaces of each horizon or working fronts, is issues that is discussed and is imposed at all decision making levels and afterwards implementation of the exploitation activity of a source. It starts from the preparation of the visibility study and after in compilation of detailed projects, of exploitation flow and finally implementation of control. The ventilation problem is very important because it can cause danger and accidents, professional diseases, po...

Using 36Cl dissolved in groundwater as a monitor of sub-surface neutron fluxes makes it possible to reconstruct information on the U and Th contents of the rocks interacting with the groundwater flow. In particular, the concentrations of radioelements such as uranium and thorium can be evaluated, which are the dominant source of the subsurface neutron flux. This can provide important information in connection with exploration of uranium ore deposits. Based on the results of several case studies from aquifers in cr...

Short-term production scheduling determines the sequence of block extraction over time spans of shift, days, weeks or months. The aim of scheduling is to decide which blocks of ore and waste to mine in which time period so that several operational and geometrical constraints can be satisfied simultaneously- like mining and mill capacity, meeting grade requirements, making long-term mine plans operationally feasible, etc. Since the 1960s several operational research based approaches have been developed. In order to...

In this study, the investigating of sawability and abrasivity of Khalkhal and Azarshahr travertine were carried out in order to the planning of a new plant. To achieve the goal, rock samples were collected from the mines and some mineralogical, physical and mechanical properties of rocks were determined in the laboratory. The sawability was determined by using some empirical methods based on Schmidt hammer value, Tensile Strength, Uniaxial Compressive Strength and P-wave velocity and abrasivity of rocks were inves...

Most of the salt that is being consumed in Iran is produced through stope and pillar mines, located in north of the central desert of Iran. The very large stopes have been excavated for applying open cut loading and hauling machines, so that those stopes have to be supported by large pillars. Therefore, the excavation ratio and stability considerations should be studied as two special cases in these mines. To determine the pillar’s strength, in this paper, four of the largest mines have been studied. An experime...

Roof falls continue to be one of the greatest hazards faced by underground coal miners. For preventing unpredictable hazards and losses due to roof falls, assessment of roof rock behaviour in coal mines plays an assential role in ground control issue. However, based on the intensive reserches in this area, various parameters influence the roof rock behaviour of the stratified rock mass. One of them, which is extremely important to coal mine ground control, is moisture sensitivity. Many coal seams have immediate ro...

Blast pattern design has direct influence on the time consumption and construction cost of drilling and blasting of tunnels. Tunnel blasting is more complicated operation than open pit blasting because the only free surface that initial breakage can take place toward is the tunnel face. The most important operation in the tunnel blasting procedure is to create an opening in the face with the intention of develop another free surface in the rock. This is the function of the cut holes. The cuts can be classified in ...

Gole-Gohar iron ore has located in IRAN. Reduction of costs at this mine is too effective for mining benefits. One of the important parameter about these costs is the pit slope support with control blasting operations. In this project, we try to use the buffer blasting method for suitable pit walls. Buffer blasting is a method that uses the faults for smoothness of pit walls. In this method, we do not use the control holes. So, by using the buffer holes, the control blasting operation will be suitable. Besides, th...

The process of truck shovel assignment for optimization of the transport systems in open pit mining is performed using software models and algorithms. With the aid of the software and hardware mechanisms, great steps can be taken in intelligent assignment and control of truck shovel systems. In this paper, open pit mining transport system has been modeled based on TSP modeling. Using genetic algorithms, the optimized travelling path for trucks has been obtained. The software has the capability of compound modeling...

Mine ventilation has a key role to improving underground working conditions. Ventilation is required to clear dust, gas and toxic fumes from blasting and removing exhaust fumes from diesel equipments and also required for cooling the workplace for miners in deep hot mines. Ventilation systems need to take many possible modern mining scenarios into account, and costly infrastructure is needed to serve future ventilation and cooling requirements. To enable the practical and economical design of mine ventilation syst...

The truck and shovel transportation system is the most important part of the open pit mining operation because a considerable amount of the total mining costs is related to it. Reducing the transportation cost has a great impact on reduction of the total cost. One method to reduce the cost per ton in transportation systems is the optimization of the truck–shovel assignment. In this paper, software has been developed for optimal assignment of N trucks to M shovels with different grades of the minerals, based on m...

Slope failure occurring at projected slope operations at open pit mines can lead the workers safety to dangerous positions. In some cases the rock disturbances which may be thought about that, they lead slope failures around the open pit mine operation develop physiological problems among the mine workers. The main aim of this work to determine if the conditions of critical slopes in open pit mines can be monitored through the electrical resistivity methods. The depths of sliding at selected slope were analyzed by...

The state of Sarawak, situated on northern part of the Borneo Island, is the part of Malaysia Federation. Main raw materials usable for the Sarawak economy are oil, wood, and natural gas. Nowadays the importance of brown coal as a raw material is caused by the growing needs of power in the Sarawak. It is the reason of working trip of authors of this article to the area of Merit Pila. They worked there as Deputy Mine Managers in 2006 and 2007. Merit Pila is great coal basin situated in central Sarawak. The paper br...

The distributions of particle sizes and shapes are of great importance to industries employing various materials in powdered form. The investigations have shown that shape and morphological properties of particles affected subsequent processes such as flotation. On the other hand, crushing and grinding are factors that cause creation some changes in physical and chemical characteristics of processing materials such as distributions of sizes and shapes. In this research, experimental studies to determine the shape ...

One of technologies that can be used to increase profitability in the development of high cost off-shore operations as well as marginal or partially depleted reservoirs is so called intelligent completion. That implies such completion systems that allows monitoring, control and change of relevant data through production, by the use of remotely controlled and operated systems. Essence of the system is such way of completion that allows change of space and hydrocarbons flow conditions from the layer to the surface, ...

The use of non-explosive demolition compounds has been extended within recent years to mining of building materials, as well as for the demolition of buildings and concrete structures in urban conditions. This environmentally friendly method has not been used in action for underground mining. The paper presents the outcomes of the research aimed at the elaboration of a new technology for underground mining of hard ores based on the use of demolition method as an alternative to the explosive one. A new compound of ...

One of the most important factors that can have notable effects on costs of stripping, drilling and blasting, loading and haulage due to disasters in mines is supporting the final pit slope by control blasting. Condition of existent discontinuities in rock mass toward the pit benches has a special influence on results of control blasting. In fact, factors such as dip, orientation, spacing, filling, etc. extremely change the outcomes of control blasting. Therefore investigation of discontinuities effects on results...

Coal is an important energy resource in world. Coal mine exploitation with nonmechanized methods, need expert labors and with out them, mining process will be deranged so the labors and their safety is really important. In many industrial countries the accidents are the most important cause of person’s death. According to I.L.O (International Labor Organization) reports 120,000,000 accidents occur per year and 210,000 people die in these accidents. It means more than 500 people per day. In order to decreasing th...

Since long term production scheduling deals with movement of ore and waste during the life of a mine, it has a significant effect on the cash flow of a mining operation. Therefore, mine planners often seek to optimize the production schedule with respect to a given criterion. The most commonly used criterion in long term scheduling optimization is to maximize net present value (NPV). The process involves sequencing of ore blocks or parcels to be mined in each period over the life of the mine subject to precedence ...

Stress intensity factor is the one of most important parameters in rock fracture mechanics. In practice, this factor is commonly calculated by various numerical techniques such as finite element and boundary element methods. These methods encounter mesh-related difficulties in dealing with fracture mechanics problems. In this paper the Element Free Galerkin method based on the linear elastic fracture mechanics was used to determine tension-mode stress intensity factor in jointed rock medium using stress extrapolat...

Approximately 110x106 m3 of oil (100x106 tons) had been recovered from 38 fields in the Croatian part of the Pannonian basin during more than 60 years of exploitation (1941-2003). Based on their cumulative production, number of reservoirs, average porosity and permeability, obtained recovery and depositional characteristics of reservoir rocks, the Croatian hydrocarbon fields may be divided into three groups (oil), or four groups (gas) (Table 1, 2). In the period 1941-1990 the production started in 38 fields, 13 of...

The introduction of positive-displacement steerable motors in directional drilling practice offers better directional control in comparison with earlier used directional drilling systems and makes directional drilling widely accepted technology. But some disadvantages of the technology as drilling the curved parts of the wellbores in sliding mode and hole cleaning connected problems, demand further development of directional drilling systems. That results in rotary steerable systems development introduced in the p...

In this article I considered the design of a computer simulation model that approximates the exploration of a petroleum basin when exploration is conducted sequentially and according to geological hypothesis with costs and performance characteristics typical of an exploration firm. These features lead naturally to a model design in which a state of nature is created. The exploration firm initially has no knowledge of this state, only of hypothesis. In this model also, exploration decision are made according to pri...

The Zbudza deposit is an important (major) deposit of halite within Slovakia but also Europe. It is possible establish that halite deposit Zbudza features attractive deposit about qualitative and quantitative aspect. It has important function on the part of selfsufficienty Slovak Republic in the production of salt and also in posse intersection to European trade. The economic effectiveness of financial investment is dependent from mining and process technology on the deposit. The investment efficiency is appreciat...

Limestone massif "Rgotina Rock" has, from a topographical point of view a remarkable, and from a mining point of view, a favourable position of occurrence. It extends in the form of a limestone reef, with the highest peak in its central part (top of Rgotina Rock). Mining has started in 1961. ”Kop 2”, in 1965. ”Kop 3” and in “Kop 5“ 1969. Mining, with changeable production volume and with occasional stopping of works, is in effect even today. Application of mineral raw material from this deposit, apart ...

This paper presents the results of ground vibration measurements and environmental issues occurred on tunnel blasting activities during KavacД±k-Beykoz waste water tunnel construction under a residential area in Istanbul, Turkey. Within the scope of the study, the blasting pattern of tunnel was engineered by using Tunnel 2000 design software. 5 events in 5 shots at S2 shaft tunnels, , 6 events in 6 shots at S4 shaft tunnels, , 32 events in 32 shots at S6-shaft tunnels and, 7 events in 7 shots at S7 shaft tunnels w...

The demands existing at the European Union level impose a new approach of the problems concerning the mining exploitation from the point of view of the effects and pressure exerted by them over the environment and of all the consequences of the socioeconomic development. Starting from the strategic objectives imposed by the European programmes at the environment-protection level, corroborated with the rather slow rhythm of reform of the Romanian mining industry determined by the delay concerning the achievement, i...

In this study, the vibration and air shock measurement results are given in order to evaluate the environmental results of excavation works with explosions executed in the agrega quarry by Д°lkdal Mining Industry Ltd. Corp. which is working in the borders of Kemerburgaz region of Ey\"up county in Д°stanbul city on producing agrega. The blasting pattern, explosive material charge parameters and vibration measurement results of each blastings are recorded. In the research, the frequency and particle velocity quantit...

The optimum pit limit design can be defined as determining the ultimate or final mining limits of ore deposit with maximum value or profit which is obtained from its extraction. Heuristic optimization techniques have been one set of the most widely used methods for ultimate pit limit analysis because of their rapid execution speed and easy conceptualization. This paper considers a heuristic technique, known as 3D moving cone to find the optimum pit limit of Sangan iron ore deposit in Iran. To evaluate the results ...

The paper deals with the description of natural conditions and implemented geophysical survey of a scientifically interesting slope deformation Doubrava Ujala, located in the municipality of Doubrava near the city of Karvina in the north-east of the Czech Republic in the reach of the effects of undermining caused by underground black coal mining. It is the case of the most extensive underground mineral mining in the Czech Republic, while the changes in the geological conditions are assumed to affect the slope defo...

Drilling rate is one of the main determinants of drilling cost. The performance of any drill bit is affected by the complex interaction of numerous factors. The principal factors that require consideration in predicting drilling rate, particularly for mining application, are the characteristics of the rock and the operating parameters of drilling machine. In this paper, the most important operating parameters of drilling machine were reviewed using many basic studies on drilling rate and dillability since 1956. Th...

A standard imaging method in seismic data processing is the simulation of a zero offset section from seismic reflection data. In traditional imaging methods, e. g. NMO/DMO/stack, an accurate macro velocity model is needed. Common reflection surface (CRS) stack is a new data driven method, introduced in recent years which remove the necessity of making this model and just use the surface velocity to simulate zero offset section (2D) or volume (3D). In this article, we drive the CRS stacking on a synthetic data to o...

Fly rock is one of the reluctant phenomenon in blasting operation. Several factors are effective in producing fly rock. As a whole, these factors can be divided into two groups; controllable parameters (blasting pattern) and uncontrollable parameters (geo-mechanical characteristics). One of the most important controllable parameters in blasting operation is blast hole diameter. Proper diameter is the diameter which is optimum from technical and economical point of view. Normally, statistical methods can be used fo...

Within the scope of this study, Kuz-Ram and JKMRC fragmentation estimation models were applied to bench blasting operations and pros and cons of models were determined by comparing estimation results with the real fragmentation results obtained from digital image processing technique. On the other side, bench blast optimization method by means of models and digital image processing technique, is introduced in order to get desired fragmentation result from bench blast.

There are two methods fixed and real-time assignment for improving the performance of transportation through truck- shovel system in open pit mines. The real-time assignment (RTA) method is a better manner for optimization process of transportation system in open pit mines, especially in the complex transportation systems. The most significant objective of the RTA method is, introducing a transportation system which cause to increasing production per time and decreasing cost per ton. In this study, a software base...

In current paper the purposes of an environmental assessment are described and the method, through which the “Impacting Factors” and “Environmental Components” are determined, is also outlined. Then, according to the definition, possible scenarios, and matrixes of weighting factors, the algorithm which shows the relation between Impacting Factors and Environmental Components is determined. Furthermore, the derivation of matrixes and the method of environmental assessment are described. In order to compare ...

The Normalized Full Gradient (NFG) method was introduced in the mid of 1960s. This method generally uses for interpretation potential field data in order to detect gravity and magnetic anomalies. The NFG value represents the full gradient of the magnetic anomaly at a point divided by the average of the full gradient at the datum. The closed maxima on a NFG map indicate the occurrence and the horizontal locations of the centers of magnetic anomalies related to iron deposits. By means of this map, we can select bore...

Determination of mechanical parameters of rock materials and using them as an input data-base are important in rock engineering design studies. The standard test procedures to determine mechanical parameters of rocks have been developed and they have been applied for up to 40 years. But these tests require special samples and after preparation, the samples are tested by giving damage to them. The electrical conductivity method has been used to determine porosity, fault or discontinuity in rock mass without giving ...

In this paper a combined (hybrid) model of fix and flexible with its software were presented. In the model, initially the trucks assignment operation using the fix approach was done and in the end of trucks operation cycle in the flexible method, trucks dispatching method was started. Results of fix assignment method implementation in each transportation scheduling period were used in the mentioned software and finally the fitness and most suitable shovel and truck combined system for the real-time assignment was ...

This paper presents a study for leaching kinetics of chalcopyrite concentrate in acidic potassium dichromate solution. For this purpose effects of stirring speed in the range of 100-400 rpm, sulphuric acid (H2SO4) concentration in the range of 0.1-0.5 M, potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) concentration in the range of 0.02-0.1 M, leaching temperature in the range of 20-90В°C, particle size fractions of 212x106, 106x75, 74x45, 45x38 and minus 38 $\mu$m and solid/liquid ratio in the range of 10-200 g/L on copper dissolu...

Peak particle velocity is the most important criterion for analyzing dangers resulted from ground vibration. According to the investigations, this parameter can independently indicate the possible damage and is proportional to it. Up to now, investigators have proposed many different formulas to calculate this parameter, but none of them are applicable for all areas and based upon regional conditions such as geological, technical, geotechnical, rock mechanical and so on, only one of these equations can be adopted....