Browse

Complex historical and scientific research of ancient waterways has been carried out by the Department of the History of Earth Sciences of the Institute of the History of Natural Science and Technology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, in conjunction with the Geography Department of Moscow State University since 2003. Based on expeditionary research, collection and analysis of archival and published materials on historical waterways: ?From the Varangians to the Greeks? and the Great Volga, Mariinskaya, North-Dvi...

This article presents the high risks of exploration and mining of coal deposits for coal supply to hard-to-reach regions of North Yakutia (North-east of Russia). It?s caused by a lot of factors complicating and cost-increasing all process of development of the deposits from exploration of georesource to coal combustion of consumer remote from coal mines for thousands of kilometres. Special geoinformation systems is created and developed to improve the level of technological and organizational decisions. It is base...

The Techirghiol Lake, with a total surface of 1,462 ha, a length of 7,500 m and a maximum depth of 12 m, is situated on the NW Black Sea coast, south to the Constanta town. The lake is located in SE Dobrogea, a region that displays the highest density of lakes in Romania. These lakes were formed during the Quaternary, in relation with the Black Sea level fluctuations. Due to the low-level waters of the Lake Techirghiol, relative to the Black Sea one, the salty marine waters periodically invaded the lake. Genetical...

The Sayak ore district is located in the north-eastern part of the Balkhash region and contains industrial molybdenum-copper and gold mineralization, which is represented mainly by skarn deposits, as well as smaller deposits and ore occurrences of hydrothermal-vein, porphyry and karst types. They are located mainly in the eastern part of the Sayak graben-syncline, which is composed of volcanic-sedimentary rocks of the Middle and Upper Paleozoic age. The Upper Paleozoic complex is accompanied by granitoid intrusion...

During field work and best practices it is imperative to create a good working environment that is as easy and convenient to our interests and needs but with a higher data security. Maintaining and accuracy of data during field work is just as important as the samples to be taken. For this reason and due to internet access to almost every working region we have created a Mobile Application through which any sample that will handle it automatically will save the data and it called GSKSoft 1.0 (Geological Survey of ...

Geological structures be of great control groundwater flow and accumulation of groundwater, and should therefore be taken into account in studies related to groundwater studies. This study attempts to investigate the impact of geological structures on groundwater flow and groundwater quality in Al Jaaw Plain, United Arab Emirates. A set of thematic maps derived from digital elevation model (DEM), Landsat images, and ALOSPLAS SAR images were enhanced by applying Sobel filter with 10% threshold and equalization enha...

Carbonate reservoirs are important exploration targets from the perspective of hydrocarbon and, also, groundwater reserves. In this respect, the most important aquifer system in Romania is located in South Dobrogea region, comprising two distinct aquifer complexes: a deeper one, mostly under pressure, hosted in fractured/fissured and karstified limestones and dolomites of Late Jurassic - Early Cretaceous age and a shallower one, mostly unconfined, hosted in Sarmatian (late Middle Miocene) lumachellic and oolitic l...

The study area is located in the northern and western parts of Moldavian Platform, the oldest platform unit of the Romanian territory and representing the margin of the East European Platform. Two hydrocarbon systems are recognized in the Moldavian Platform: a thermogenic system of Paleozoic age and a biogenic system of Miocene age. The Miocene biogenic system comprises significant natural gas fields (including dry gas with more than 98% methane), reservoired especially in Sarmatian (late Middle Miocene) deposits,...

In the East Carpathians Bend region (Romania), a salt formation was deposited during the lowermost Miocene (Aquitanian-Burdigalian). Subsequently, the salt reached present-day structural positions by diapiric piercing of the overlying sedimentary deposits. As a result, a multitude of isolated ? although quite large - outcrops of salt diapirs are encountered nowadays. In this complex geological setting, a great number of salt karst phenomena occur, generating dolines, sinkholes and salt caves. The surface topograph...

Major efforts are directed worldwide in order to establish proper strategies for the preservation of soil quality, its protection and sustainable use by precision farming techniques. Since the in-depth distribution of soil moisture represent valuable information for farmers, electric and electromagnetic techniques were employed for its investigation. Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) with small electrode space interval was utilized for illustrating sectors of vertical water penetration and horizontal sectors...

Good information is crucial for effective working and decision making in all fields of human activity. It is widely thought that up to 80 % of information we get every day is related to a particular place on earth. With respect to this fact it is clear that spatial relations cannot be omitted in any case of planning and decision making. Hence teaching of thinking spatially and in wide relations has become an essential skill of graduates. This paper is to propose a teaching synergy in education where strategic deci...

Throughout the last few years, there has been a global trend to preserve protected green areas. Each nation is responsible for ensuring that such areas are not potentially destroyed by faulty social management and development. Therefore, a sustainable future can only be built with sufficient care for green infrastructure, which once destroyed is almost impossible to restore. Communities should thus actively participate towards protecting their local biodiversity and natural habitats, thereby improving their collec...

Groundwater filtration is a very complicated process determined by natural environmental factors and anthropogenic impacts. Credible predictions of impact of extortions on the groundwater environment require application of appropriate research methods which will enable detailed representation of the groundwater circulation. Such methods include numerical modeling of filtration processes and application of mathematical description of groundwater flow, based on assumed hydrogeological parameters and boundary conditi...

Paper focuses on methodology for preprocessing of transactional data from public transport system the in region as administration unit of the Czech Republic. The aim is to present synthetic information in GIS information system. Necessary data sources are defined and evaluated. Target group of users are those who plan development of public transport system. Information covering state of each bus or other mean of transport (number of passengers categorized by tariffs between any stops of the bus line) and activitie...

Thunderstorm activity is the main natural cause of forest fires occurrence. Lightning discharges are divided into cloud-to-ground and cloud-to-cloud. The higher the current, the higher the probability of fire in the forest. Geographic information systems are a convenient and multifunctional means of visualization and geospatial data analysis, including the level of forest fire danger. It is necessary to design the structure and information flows in such a GIS system. The development of such a GIS system is carried...

This paper explores the opportunities of using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and data from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and satellites for effective tree health mapping and assessment of forest stands, damaged from biotic and abiotic factors. The aim is to detect affected areas with tree health problems using time series satellite images. The next step is to extract precise vector and attribute data describing the type and extent of damages using drone-captured digital images. The experimental area is pa...

Land contamination generated by non-metallic mining activities through inappropriate handling and storage of industrial wastes and mine waters that pass through these sites. The contaminated land is not just the surface of the soil but also the underground and underground water. This contamination has the potential to damage the human factor and the environment. For qualitative quantification of the activity carried out in the Brad mining perimeter, we carried out an assessment of the impact of pollutant emissions...

Globalization phenomena is spreading more and more around the world. This has a major impact on food safety as food chains have become increasingly complex. This paper studies the benefits and drawback from a globalization standpoint regarding food safety in the developing countries and aims to find ways that might overcome the challenges consumers deal with. The research is based on data extracted from European Union reports, Eurostat Database, International Trade Centre Database and Romanian National Institute o...

The article traces the technique of visualization of educational information in various graphic ways. The following methods are best-known by students: the fundamental, traditional cartographic of research and teaching. They learn such methods from the course of the school geography and it is associated with the techniques and knowledge of spatially distributed information on maps and other geoimages. In addition to spatially distributed, there is other information that can be shown graphically. The modern term "i...

The most of information is linked to the geospace location. This information can be represented on the map. For some kinds of users, the maps have to be created in a different way than is usual. People with visual impairments are such a target group of users. The number of visually impaired people increases every year and to their fullfledged integration into society is devoted considerable attention. The tactile maps are an essential element of current cartographical research. Presented study is focused on the as...

This paper considers a field of study related to green value creation in project management and specifically addresses the spectrum of green project managements in Kosovo case, and its impact in developing in general the Kosovo?s economy. During the paper, research questions are related to the role and the importance of green projects management in the country economy. The paper is based on the hypothesis that green project management plays important role in economic development, and also for future business devel...

In the world community, some experience has already been gained in the development of the "green economy". The Baltic States are in search of rational forms of combining objective indicators and criteria for applying them in the planned plans for the development of a "green" economy, taking into account the specifics of the economy and the availability of the resource-resource potential of the Baltic region countries. The sectors of the green economy that have a high green potential and play a major role in divers...

Nowadays there is increased emphasis on reviving the rural areas and the small businesses are considered to be the engine. This study examines how the rural areas entrepreneurship spirit can be stimulated through increasing awareness in regards to the environmental impact of green activities. The aim is to find ways of converting the rural traditional economy into a sustainable one by creating different types of initiatives for the population such as organic farming, renewal energy alternatives, eco-tourism and re...

With the beginning of the 21st century, there was a rapid development of technologies allowing to cover elevation of buildings with various plant species, even those that are not adapted to the natural overgrowth of vertical walls. This is the result of changes in the approach to the sustainable design. The technologies that derive from the simplest, proven solutions known for thousands of years become popular. Plants have a number of advantages that are very difficult to replace by modern filtration systems, they...

The library is one of the most important urban institutions with a wide social impact (including its research, educational, cultural and recreational impact).Being in the previous decades, a place, which aimed at building up the manuscript collection, it gradually opened up to the recipient, adapted its character depending on the changing times, today performing the function of a bustling center of culture and pro-ecological thinking. The idea of the Green Library Movement first appeared in the early 90s in the US...

Carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) are the most important anthropogenic greenhouse gases and their concentrations are continuously increasing. Some scientists consider that water vapor is more an enhancer than a greenhouse gas by itself, even though its concentration in the atmosphere is much higher than those of the other 3 GHGs listed above. But it is not only the concentration of a GHG that counts, but also its percentage of absorption and reemission of infrared radiation, namely its gl...

The following article is devoted to greening education in Russia. Moreover the following article describes ecological problems in education and culture. We try to underline the role of ecological culture in people life and greening education in higher education. The education system is a sphere of society which forms a man adapted to life in the society and prepared to a certain field of activity. The conditions of higher ecological education is formed general ecology, social ecology, applied ecology. Mass media a...

In the current forest typology?s scheme of Latvia the descriptions of vegetation are based on corresponding forest type?s ground vegetation in maturity stand. However, in practical forest management it is important to know forest ground vegetation?s development through all foresty cycle and valuate phytocoenoses state in every stand?s age and development?s stage. There are significant changes in ground vegetation?s taxonomic structure, projective covering and vertical structure in all forest types from clearing ti...

This work aimed to define when high ice content in permafrost sediments becomes a leading factor of coastal dynamics of Kara Sea region and to determine the place of this parameter among other factors of coastal retreat. For three key sections of the Kara Sea coast (Kharasavey Cape, sites of underwater pipeline crossing of the Baydaratskaya Bay coasts), spatial variability of ground ice distribution was investigated in the field. Changes in ice content and the presence of massive ice (wedge ice, massive ice beds ?...

This study delineates groundwater potentiality assessment for growing population, irrigation and industrial development, combining with geo-informatics and field data for hydrological research in Kalmykia, Russia. Various thematic layers wear used along with existing maps to prepare groundwater potential zone (GWPZ) map. Weights were assigned to all above factors according to their effectiveness, sensitivity and relevance to groundwater potentiality. Furthermore the resulting groundwater potential map has been cla...

The research on the growth dynamics for private forest area during the last 10 years, silvicultural parameters of afforested areas and related utilization of European Union funding for this purpose, basically covers the analysis of changes in the total forest area owned by private forest owners since 2007 and the quality analysis of afforested areas. The measure for afforestation consistently affordable from the Latvian Rural Development Programme, has made a significant contribution to the total increase in the p...

Countries on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea ? Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland ? experienced significant changes in the political and economic structure during the 20th/21th centuries. The aim of the research, first of all, is to assess the competitiveness of the Latvian economy compared with the other countries on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea and, secondly, to evaluate the activities carried out in 2009-2016 in order to increase the competitiveness of the national economy. The Global Competitiven...

The construction sector is one of the largest consumers of energy and non-renewable natural resources, but also an important increasing factor of global warming by producing greenhouse gases, especially CO2. In Europe, about 30% of CO2 emissions and 36% of all greenhouse gases emissions are a direct or indirect environmental consequences of the construction sector. In the sustainable development contex, the possibility of recycling, reuse and reintegration in nature, environmental protection and efficient manageme...

The study of halobacterial communities is a promising direction in applied and theoretical biotechnology. Researches, carried out in this field, open up new approaches in understanding the role of interspecies interactions between halobacterial cells in conditions of increased salinity. Viruses, as one of the major regulation factor, greatly affect the composition of communities. Every year the halovirus database is replenished with new representatives, but still much remains unknown about the life cycle of viruse...

The study of halobacterial communities is a promising direction in applied and theoretical biotechnology. Researches, carried out in this field, open up new approaches in understanding the role of interspecies interactions between halobacterial cells in conditions of increased salinity. Viruses, as one of the major regulation factor, greatly affect the composition of communities. Every year the halovirus database is replenished with new representatives, but still much remains unknown about the life cycle of viruse...

Poland has been long harnessing hydraulic energy despite the absence of supportive conditions for hydropower development. According to the Energy Regulatory Office, there were 721 hydropower plants in Poland in 2014. Electric power generation in small and medium-sized hydropower plants is characterized by minor fluctuations, in particular in comparison with other sources of renewable energy. In a given period, the observed changes in power output result mainly from variations in operating conditions. Hydropower re...

Renewable sources of energy are supported in all the EU countries including Czech Republic. The landscape potencial of Central Europe enables generally the exploitation of wind energy rather than other sources. One of the most important problems is the location of the energetic power stations as the landscape in the Czech Republic is densely inhabitated and used for complex functions including agriculture, industry, communications, ecological functions etc. That is why the construction of any "wind mill" requires ...

The research focused on the development and testing of the algorithm for the design of ambient air quality monitoring programs for areas affected by production, preparation and primary oil refining. This research was performed for about 100 production, preparation and primary oil refining facilities in the territory of intensive production of sulfur crude oil (Perm region, the Russian Federation) and it lasts for 4 years. During this work the levels of maximum and average ambient air pollutants concentrations in t...

The stoichiometry of metal?protein complexes is pH dependent. Since mass spectrometric measurements at higher pH values are difficult in the presence of usual buffers, we extended this approach to pH in excess of 10 by adding ethanolamine to the electrospray solution being investigated. Therefore, a new method for probing the metal ion-peptide complexes at high pH utilizing electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) has been advanced. Nevertheless, the high pH ESI-MS spectra of peptides are far too complex...

The stoichiometry of metal?protein complexes is pH dependent. Since mass spectrometric measurements at higher pH values are difficult in the presence of usual buffers, we extended this approach to pH in excess of 10 by adding ethanolamine to the electrospray solution being investigated. Therefore, a new method for probing the metal ion-peptide complexes at high pH utilizing electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) has been advanced. Nevertheless, the high pH ESI-MS spectra of peptides are far too complex...

Alzheimer?s disease (AD) is associated with conformational changes of amyloid-? peptides, which result in peptide oligomerization and fibril formation and, finally, in the appearance of senile plaques and extensive neuronal loss. However, the factors regulating the process of plaque-associated beta-amyloid peptide (A?) aggregation are only partly understood. Therefore, several ?-amyloid peptide fragments have been synthesized by SPPS according to Boc/Bzl strategy. Binding of metal ions to ?-amyloid peptides was st...

Alzheimer?s disease (AD) is associated with conformational changes of amyloid-? peptides, which result in peptide oligomerization and fibril formation and, finally, in the appearance of senile plaques and extensive neuronal loss. However, the factors regulating the process of plaque-associated beta-amyloid peptide (A?) aggregation are only partly understood. Therefore, several ?-amyloid peptide fragments have been synthesized by SPPS according to Boc/Bzl strategy. Binding of metal ions to ?-amyloid peptides was st...

The industrial activity of the last century has led to the severe environment pollution, especially in the areas where mining and smelting processes were involved. The impact of atmospheric emissions from the metallurgical plants was detected at great distances from the emission source. The main units for the processing of non-ferrous ores (in Romania) were located in Baia Mare (Maramures county ? MM), Copsa Mica (Sibiu county ? SB) and Zlatna (Alba county ? AB). In the Alba and Maramures counties there was and st...

The study of heavy metals (HMs) in plants increases in importance with years because of the enhancing anthropogenic impact. HMs arriving in plants from the soil and air are capable of accumulating in plant tissues in large amounts and passing along the trophic chain into animal and human organisms. Enterprises of energetic, metallurgical, and ore-mining industries are sources of environmental contamination with HMs. For example, the Novocherkassk energetic enterprise releases 1% of total pollutants into the atmosp...

Laser systems are widely used for measuring the most important physical values with the highest accuracy. In particular, laser measuring systems are used to identify earthquake precursors in monitoring tidal rock fluctuations. In many cases, signals from laser measuring systems contain noises that need to be filtered out. The signal component in this case has the form of a harmonic oscillation, the frequency and phase of which change and these changes carry information about the measured quantity. This signal shou...

Pontus Euxinus, the Black Sea today, was since ancient time playground of human activities, of which the most important is the trading navigation, whose beginning coincides with the Greek colonization started in the 7th century BC. The colonies and settlements founded along the coast were connected in ancient time mainly by nautical trade routes running along the shores. The case study area is located in the shallow waters of the Black Sea, in front of the sandbank system that today separates the Razelm-Sinoie lac...

The results of the study of high-Mg rocks from the Aganozero chromite deposit, located in the Republic of Karelia, are reported. It is a complex type of deposits. Other promising useful minerals, in addition to chromite ore mining, are Mg-rich ultramafics such as olivinite, dunite, serpentinite and pyroxenite. High-Mg dunite units are thick, and their MgO concentration varies 36.97 from 46.77%. Aganozero dunite is a good raw material for the production of refractory materials, e.g. refractory bricks, steel furnace...

The separation between the mobile plate (Phanerozoic) in south and west of the eastern European Precambrian East European Craton is the most prominent geological limit in Europe known as the Trans-European Suture Zone (TESZ) In this study we were mainly interested in a prominent segment of TESZ, known as the Tornquist -Teisseyre Area (TTZ). In this study we highlighted the TTZ area through the gradient of geoid from Romania. The geoid provides a good representation of the long wavelength characteristics of the Ear...

The flood regime in the Prut ? B?rlad catchments is characterised by short, high intensity floods in the majority of upland rivers. These upland rivers are often ephemeral ? dry during the hot, summer months and wet during the winter months. In lowland rivers, flooding is more prolonged, especially near confluences. Short, high intensity rainfall coupled with low infiltration on catchments lead to flash flooding in upland areas. Changing land use patterns during the last 15 ? 20 years are increasing the frequency ...

The history of the welded steel structures in Romania and in the world is the starting point for the construction of mega-steel structures for nowadays. In order to understand the way of the welded steel structures is achieved, we need to know the history of the welded steel structures in each country and especially in our country. The paper will present the history of the welded steel structures in Romania from viaducts, steel bridges or even mega steel structures from the early 1900s. Also, the paper will presen...