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Among different types of hazards associated with underground mining in Polish copper mines, one of the most dangerous is rock burst hazard. Having in mind that the depth of exploitation is getting deeper, this problem will likely get worse in the near future. This kind of hazard is connected inherently with seismic events. Controlled group blasting within a potentially unstable roof stratum is considered as an active method of rock burst prevention. A number of recorded seismic events can be clearly and directly e...

There are many potential pollution sources for contamination of farmed tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) along with the production chain. Sex reverse hormone practices for production monosex tilapia is the dominant procedures done in the field. The efficiency of cultivation with brackish water was investigated in the base of tissue fine elements and fry production. Results showed that, no significant differences between harvested sex reverse females were found for different water resources. The cultured tissues of b...

In general, the impact of the construction material base on the cost of construction is questionable. Wooden houses are becoming more common because of meeting the sustainable construction aspects and thanks to shorter construction time compared to brick houses. In the Czech Republic, it is still questionable whether wooden houses also bring lower investment costs, as the wooden house market hasn?t fully developed yet. The aim of the article is to define the impact of the material base of the houses on the market ...

Potato is the world's fourth largest food crop, being cropped in 140 countries on an area of 19 million hectares, with a total annual production of 322 million tons and an average production of 40 tons per hectare. Perennial dicotyledonous weeds represent a real danger to potato culture because they cannot be controlled after the potato has emerged. Such weeds are: Canadian thistle (Cirsium arvense), field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis ) and hoary cress (Cardaria draba). Herbicides that are applied upon the soil ...

Since the 1990s Green Public Procurement (GPP) is a voluntary environmental policy promoting in EU low-impact goods and service markets; according to these more general objectives, contracting authorities should ?buy green? i. e. environmentally friendly products and services. This has been translated into a short-term objective: to reach over than 70% of recycled materials from C&D waste by 2020 (CCE No 397 of 16 June 2008). Within this European framework, each Member State has proposed its own vision/strategy, a...

The calcareous nannoplankton represents a group of major components of the oceanic phytoplankton, situated at the base of the trophic chain. The evolution pattern of these organisms is relevant in the past geological record and nowadays, for several research fields, such as: marine biology, marine geology, biogeochemistry, micropaleontology, biostratigraphy as well as paleogeographic and paleoclimatic reconstructions, including the paleoenvironmental ones. Taking into account that the calcareous nannoplankton spec...

The article deals with issues related to the use of a universal multi-subject mapping method belonging to the technology of visualization of educational information in the preparation of bachelors. The cartographic method of teaching is characteristic in that it allows you to visualize both the geographic proper and any simulated space, to investigate, first of all, its spatial structural patterns of the structure (the form often determines the content). In the process of learning, the use of the cartographic meth...

In today?s world, with high demanding of energy, heavy oil and bitumen are important hydrocarbon resources that play progressively significant roles in the worldwide economy. Due to the diminishing of conventional oil resources, getting energy from unconventional resources becomes a tremendously outstanding process. Recently, metal oxide catalysts have shown promising applications and effects in different thermal enhanced oil recovery processes. These metal oxide catalysts have been chosen due to their exclusive p...

Ratei Cave, with its 7,224 m length, provides a good opportunity to investigate the geology and tectonics of Leaota Mountains, the eastern end of the South Carpathians. The geological observations reveal that Ratei Cave is mainly developed in Upper Jurassic limestones, but siliciclastic and metamorphic rocks are encountered in different locations along the cave passages. The stratigraphic succession on the 69 m elevation range, which represents the positive vertical extent between the entrance and the cave end, co...

The positive effect of mineral additions in cementitious materials (concrete, mortars, composite materials), proven by several studies along time, encouraged a complex research at NIRD ?URBAN-INCERC? Cluj-Napoca Branch regarding the potential valorisation of mineral wastes or by-products, generated by Romanian local industry, in new innovative cementitious materials for the construction industry. The central focus of the research was targeted towards fly ash and its potential use in reliable, high performance ceme...

This article describes the research aimed at analyses of the present state of indoor environment in historical building of State Theatre in Kosice. The representative building of the State Theatre was built in a Neo-baroque style according to projects of Adolf Lang during the years 1879-1899. The goal of research is to take measure the level of indoor air quality, improve the energy performance of building and its HVAC systems. The one of many partial tasks is also the analyses of air temperature stratification in...

In Poland there exist legal regulations concerning the protection of agricultural and forest land. The paper aims to investigate the changes in the area of agricultural and forest land in Poland since the accession to the European Union in the year 2004. The study was based on statistical data for the years 2004-2017 provided by Statistics Poland. Paper presents: (i) changes in the land area by land type, (ii) changes in the fallow land area, (iii) changes of agricultural land area resulting from land designation ...

Landscape structure is the result of a process that continually taking place in the landscape during of historical development. The city of Kezmarok has held a very significant position in terms of settlement structure of the Poprad basin or the greater region beneath the High Tatras from the very beginnings of its development. The area demarcated by the current cadaster limits was witness to many changes to the landscape structure conditioned by a wide range of factors and conditions, out of which human involveme...

In millions of years, nature has created huge energy reserves in the form of fossil fuels, consumption of which is constantly increasing. The depletion of energy reserves stored in fossil fuels is becoming real. For this reason, as well as for the protection of the environment, it is necessary to look for and utilize the renewable energy sources that we encounter in everyday life. Such a source of energy is, for example, biomass, which has been used as a fuel by many generations before us. The combustion of biomas...

The health resort Duszniki-Zdroj is located in the south-western part of Poland in the Sudety Mountains. The southern part of the city ? the Spa area ? contains medicinal waters intakes. What is interesting, all of them are flowing wells. The spa part of Duszniki Zdroj is located at the northern edge of the Orlica-Bystrzyca Metamorphic Complex. At present, there are nine boreholes with medicinal waters, three of which are exploited. The total discharge from these intakes is 31.96 m3/year. The mean discharge over m...

Mushroom production generates a considerable amount of spent mushroom substrate, difficult to utilize at the site of production. The high amount of organic matter and nutrients in the waste justifies its environmental use. However, waste entering the environment undergoes transformations, the direction and intensity of which depend on, among other things, environmental conditions. Extreme environmental conditions (such as very low or high pH) can significantly change the properties of introduced material and, as a...

Static electricity as a result of friction and induction loading mechanisms is a phenomenon that occurs frequently in the industry, most of the time accidentally and unwanted. The electrostatic charges accumulated by workers during various activities may lead to electrostatic discharges, which, in the presence of an explosive atmosphere, cause explosion and / or fire risk. Theoretical and practical studies regarding the occurrence, formation and accumulation of electrostatic charges in the charging process with el...

A promising source of Rare-Earth Metals (REM) is the mine refuses of Obukhov deposit?s zircon concentrate, which contain 3.53% of the sum of REM oxides. Chlorination is an effective method for transferring metals from crude ore to chlorides convenient for subsequent separation, purification and production of marketable products. The advantage of such method is absence of sewage and discharge of harmful substances into the atmosphere, which is an effective measure for environmental protection. The paper performs a ...

One of the risk factors in skin cancer is unprotected exposure to UV radiation. Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer but also curable if it is diagnosed in the early stages. This study uses a histogram analysis technique to investigate and classify two common skin lesions, nevi and melanoma. The colour feature investigated is the optimal threshold values in RGB space. Also, a boundary limit of the skin lesions is performed using a colour histogram analysis and the optimal threshold determination. A statis...

This article describes the design of a compact Wilkinson coupler with an operating frequency of 1000 MHz. This device belongs to the class of power dividers, which are widely used in various microwave systems. The classical design consists of two segments of the transmission line with a length of a quarter of the wavelength, which are connected through the resistance R with a nominal value of 100 Ohms. The presence of resonant segments leads to the fact that the device has large dimensions at low frequencies of th...

The right to a favorable environment advocates the theory of law in the third generation of human rights that emerged in the second half of the twentieth century. Its creation required the need to protect the population from the threats posed by the postmodern era and the post-industrial society. This category is a generation of collective rights based on people's solidarity and the pursuit of a favorable environment. In international discussions, third-generation rights are controversial and not widely recognized...

Currently the problem of surface water quality is relevant and requires urgent solution. There is an intensive growth of rivers? water using those results in deterioration of water quality and hydrological regime. In the conditions of the Mykolaiv region (Ukraine) local water resources are limited. The present situation is aggravated by anthropogenic pollution of surface and groundwater by utilities and agrarian sector. Monitoring surveys of surface water quality are an important tool for environmental assessment ...

The paper shows the studies of methods for assessing of monetary and natural efficiency of energy-saving procedures in civil construction within comparative conditions. The groups of energy-saving procedures were identified by procedures for saving, procedures for losses reducing, procedures for resource consumption reducing. The factors that influence the assessment of energy-saving procedures are listed and the coefficients of comparable conditions in the assessment are justified. Methods for calculating the coe...

The energy consumes for district or industrial heating and electrical energy are in most of cases concomitant. The paper analyses from the point of view of the First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics the advantages of producing heat and mechanical power each one individually or through cogeneration. It is clearly pointed out that the energy balance induces the idea that the most efficient conversion process is to produce heat in an individual boiler while the mechanical power production in a steam turbine system i...

Both the cultivation of fruit trees and bushes as well as gramineous crops and especially wheat crops are of particular economic importance. Fruit trees and bushes as well as gramineous cereals constitute the most valued foods being indispensable in making a proper diet Research on the study of carabid entomofauna from both ecosistems, wheat and tree fruit plantations was carried out using Barber soil traps. The harvesting of the material was done in both stations between May and August, at intervals ranging from ...

This paper suggests that in order to create efficient backup and recovery strategy for database management system, an appropriate unit of analysis and a proper, data is needed. Key factors for evaluating backup and recovery are time needed to bring the system back online and the amount of data loss. The paper examines methods for managing these factors in three of the most popular DBMS ? MySQL, MS SQL Server and MongoDB. Each of them has a set of backup types that can be combined in different strategies. Depending...

Any industrial company ? either mining raw materials or making an industrial product ? needs employees. Qualified and satisfied employees do their work well; they keep working with their company for a long time and strive for improving and innovations in production. The competence of employees arises from many factors ? one of them is a financial rating. This rating consists of wages and other benefits provided by employers. In the Usti nad Labem region (the Czech Republic), there is a problem to find and retain e...

Precise measurement and indication of quantitative concentration of heavy metals in soils is materialized in increased degree of objectivity in research conducted to characterize interactions between pollutants and environmental factors in a given area or region. The present paper aims at highlighting the influence errors induced by physical and chemical characteristics of soils and the fluctuations of soil metal concentrations depending on its humidity and granulometry proposing appropriate methods and techniques...

The development of innovative ways of realizing build-construction is progressing. The construction industry affects the quality of the environment. On the present, many researches are about out on the quality of the construction process, individual materials, components and their impact on the environment. The construction sector is increasing the use of so-called green components, which are characterized by environmentally friendly properties. Green components also are green walls and water walls. Green walls ar...

The closure of Neotethys induced collision and extension related basic magmatism within the Central Anatolia during the late Cretaceous and Early Paleogene. The products of the basic magmatism are alkaline and tholeiitic in character. The temporal and spatial evolution of the basic magma within the Central Anatolia has a great role in the interpretation of magmato?tectonic evolution of the region. The lack of radiometric age for the mafic magmatic rocks let to discussion in the explanation of the nature of these m...

From 1994 to the present, records of deformations of the Earth?s crust, which are measured by a laser displacement meter, called ?deformograph?, are regularly recorded. This meter records changes in the distance between the mirrors fixed on the rock inside the mountain gallery in two directions: North-South and West-East. Such observations are carried out in the Gorny Altai region, in Kazakhstan and near Lake Baikal. One of the long-acting deformographs is installed in the gallery of the Talaya seismic station in ...

A significant part of the light oil reserves in Russia is concentrated in low-permeable reservoirs, such as the Domanik Formation, Upper Devonian shales in the European part of Russia. Standard laboratory methods for estimating pore space structure and fluid saturation are often not applicable or not accurate in studying unconventional rocks. The presence of hydrocarbons with a high content of highly viscous components, including kerogen, and pores of nanometer size dramatically reduces the effectiveness of the co...

This paper aims to present a new analytical model for the contact area of all switching devices, at all voltage and current levels. It was proposed in order to recalculate all the computational formulas related to the electrodynamical forces which inevitably appear in a mostly symmetric contact, with a different shape, other than a sharpen or pointed one. When applying this model, the very simplifying hypothesis of the constant current density on equipotential stiction surfaces for the crossing current is complete...

The main purpose of this scientific work is to review the current methods of multifunctional material design, and to establish approaches based on multiscale non-deterministic analyzes that can be used to model composite coatings. Analyzing of the literature data showed that methods of computer modeling of materials can be classified by the following. The first group represents approaches in which for selected values of functional properties the process of selecting materials is based on a combinatorial search in ...

Simulation of breathing processes in training complexes to improve the realism and efficiency of training is of great practical and scientific importance. This paper examines the process of computer modeling of the mixing process of the gas mixture in the simulator of the device in the flow stream of the gas cooling coil in the respiratory tracts. According to the results of the calculations, it is concluded that the simulator can smooth the fluctuations in the input concentration of the target component, ensuring...

The urban village Stepnoe has a size of 8 km2 and a population of about 12,340 inhabitants (according to data obtained in 2015). It was founded in 1767 and since 1967 it has been the administrative center of the Soviet district of Saratov region. We studied the distribution of mobile forms of heavy metals in the soils of the urban-type settlement Stepnoe, the territory of which can be attributed to a group of landscapes of small settlements, villages and localities. Soil sample points were distributed taking into ...

Given their wide spectrum of utilizations, the interest for mapping new reserves and prospective areas of useful rocks becomes crucial. On the Romanian territory the natural occurrence of useful rocks is widely spread on the foreland zone, and on the Carpathian structures. These rocks have multiple uses in constructions and various other civil/industrial sectors. Besides being used as raw material in buildings, roads and a variety of miscellaneous engineering works, depending on their petrographic type, these usef...

Geomagnetic data used for the study of the large periodicities of the geomagnetic field are presented as a series of hourly averages covering two solar cycles. These data were downloaded from the ftp site of the World Data Center for Geomagnetism from Kyoto. These data were calculated annually based on final data both from analogue magnetograms and digital recordings. To study the diurnal variations, non-periodic variations (geomagnetic storms, phenomena SSC or SFE) were used as one-minute averages, recorded in Su...

Taking into account that nowadays the websites lacking at least one dynamic component or side is rare (ea. the contact form) the focus of the current paper is granted to the programming environments and the scripting languages used for producing and running dynamic websites. Among the most popular scripting languages the PHP outstands its competitors ASP.NET, Java, CFML or Python. Within this framework, with the aim of separating the content from the presentation of a website content selected aspects linked to the...

A modern feature of websites' creation aside from the PHP scripting language is the use of a database. It is acknowledged that PHP offers the possibility of an advantageous structure for the source code, yet its real capacity is highlighted when the programming language works together with a database. Among these databases one can enumerate MySQL, Oracle or PostgreSQL and the list can be easily extended. The PHP language has predefined functions and native connectivity with the above-mentioned databases. The curre...

Sustainable agriculture appears as a current challenge due to interdependence between the continuous increases of the standard of living correlated with a depletion of the renewable natural resources. Thus, raising the standard of living translates to increasing the population globally and to ensure food is needed access to more and more natural resources and implicitly the phenomenon of wasting part of these natural resources in the form of by-products or by-products. The study also wants to make known as well as...

The assessment of explosion-protected electrical equipment is based on the requirements of the ATEX 2014/34 / EU Directive and is made through tests and verifications carried out according to harmonized standards (of the EN 60079 series). For the type of protection flameproof enclosure, the EN 60079-0 (for general requirements) and the standard for the type of protection flameproof enclosure (EN 60079-1) are used. A breathing device is defined as a device which permits an exchange between the atmosphere within an ...

Observations were made on the apple fruit tree orchards belonging to S.A. Loturi Service S.R.L. Delesti, Vaslui County, during the period 2017-2018 from May to August. For this, observations were made periodically on the field, and samples were also collected using soil traps type Barber, which were then analyzed in the laboratory. Barber traps were represented by 6 pots with a total volume of 600 ml, in which we used as a preservative liquid a salt solution with 4% concentration and these traps were placed at gro...

The activity of S.C. Agrobirkenbach SRL started in 2010, following the lease of an area of 183 ha. In the following years, arable land was added in the same area, both in the form of lease and purchase, reaching an area of 831.68 ha in 2015. Out of this area, 80 ha are owned by the company and the difference of 751.68 ha is held as a lease. The present paper aims to make a contribution through the use of modern technologies to the optimisation of area monitoring (lands cultivated with different crops). The agricul...

The emergence and development of the automotive market for electric vehicles to the detriment of motor vehicles with internal combustion engines has generated a series of controversies regarding the environmental pollution. In response to the development of the electric vehicle and the increasingly restrictive pollution standards, manufacturers of classic cars have designed cars with increasingly lower emissions of toxic gases. The electric vehicle emerged from the need to minimize air pollution in major cities an...

One of the most abundant renewable resources with a great potential as raw materials for production of fuels and bulk chemicals are carbohydrates derived from biomass. Among these, esters levulinates have been widely used as solvents and plasticizers in food industry or as fuels additives for transportation. The direct synthesis of methyl levulinate from fructose over solid superacid SO42?/TiO2-La2O3 catalyst was investigated in this study. The influence of different reaction parameters such as reaction temperatur...

This paper presents a two-level stochastic scheduling tool. The proposed tool determines the optimal location and size of different schedules through a long-term scheduling as well as the optimal operation strategy for schedules through a short-term scheduling. The proposed scheduling tool considers distributed resources, physical and operational constraints, and blocks as candidates for the extraction. One of the key characteristics of the introduced scheduling is its ability to tackle the two schedules through s...

The Polish Cu-Ag deposits on the Fore-Sudetic Monocline are characterized by the occurrence of sedimentary structures called the elevations of the Weissligend top. These are elongated forms in the shape of sandy shafts whose occurrence affects the change in the value of deposit parameters (including reduction of the shale series's thickness). In the Lubin deposit, these elevations are the least well-known among all such structures in the entire Lubin-Glogow Copper District (LGCD). The basic material of the study w...

GIS-technologies in hydrogeology facilitate transformation of methods of cartographic works. At the same time, it is necessary to provide methodological recommendations and guidelines for presentation of geographical features on the digital hydrogeological maps. The hydrogeological maps are constructed on the results of the hydrogeological research with due consideration of geological conditions of the region, aquifers and aquifer systems, aquicludes, linear structural elements and other data. This article is abou...

It was experimentally shown that using liquid nitrogen and a radioactive source, radon can be concentrated to high levels. A simple device has been proposed, that allows pre-concentration of radon at liquid nitrogen temperature. The essence of the device is based on the transformation of gaseous radon into a liquid. It is known that liquid nitrogen has a boiling point (-195,75) ??, and gaseous radon turns into liquid at (-62) ??, and at (-70) ?? turns into a solid state. Thus, the low temperature of liquid nitroge...