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The resins extracted from heavy oil sample from Ashalcha oilfield (Tatarstan, Russia) and the products of Co-based catalytic and non-catalytic aquathermolysis are investigated. Saturates and four subfractions of resins (R1-R4) are extracted by liquid adsorption chromatography method with individual and solvents. Fractionation method leads to obtain more detail information about the structure of high molecular weight compounds due to subdividing large molecule and its aggregates into small ones. The extracted subfr...

Soil degradation is a global problem which is steadily growing. The consequences of soil degradation are environmental, economic and social. This work deals with degradation of physical properties of soil. The aim of the paper is to determine the effect of soil compaction on its retention. For this purpose, 16 plots with soil type cambisols were selected. Physical properties of eight plots are assessed as undegraded and eight as degraded. We focused mainly on bulk density and porosity as indicators of over-compact...

The aim of this paper is to study the physical properties of soils as key factors in favoring pluvial denudation and the spatial distribution of degraded areas through hydric erosion. The soil types from the degraded areas and the soils physical properties that influence the erodibility were analised in the south-western part of the Seca?e Plateau (Romania). Field geomorphologic and pedological observations and laboratory physical analyzes of soil samples (texture, permeability, porosity and degree of compaction) ...

Transesterification does not allow to make full conversion of oil to biodiesel because the glycerol as a by-product cannot be included in the composition of biofuel. The development of methods for full conversion of raw material to biofuel with higher yield remains entirely relevant. Interesterification, a reaction of vegetable oil with methyl acetate, constitutes a full conversion process which has not been investigated sufficiently. Instead of glycerol, the interesterification reaction gives triacetin (TA) which...

Over the last decade, the rise in energy demands for industries and households all over the world has caught the attention of environmentalists. Higher energy demands calls for more energy sources, yet majority of the energy sources have an immense effect on the environment and atmosphere. Today, smart cities are the model for future city planning and urban development by integrating information communication technology (ICT) solutions as well as energy conservation and climate change combating mechanisms where wi...

Lonicera japonica is a climbing plant which can grow up to 10 m in length; the young stems are often hairy, while mature stems display a brownish bark and are empty on the inside, the leafs are oval and long, the flowers are known for their appealing perfume, white and yellow in colour, and the fruit is small and black. It is a persistent climbing plant, which offers an impressive bouquet of colour, flowers and an inviting perfume, which made it famous in our country as well as abroad. During the study, two rootin...

Open-ended steel tube piles are widely used in marine construction, coastal engineering, port and offshore structures. During the installation of pipe piles with open end into the noncohesive sandy soil plugging effect usually appears (mainly under impact driving). It complicates the pile driving and may cause the increasing of the pipe pile wall thickness. In this paper the method of estimation of the possibility of plug formation inside pipe is elaborated with help of dynamic modulus of Plaxis 8v software. This ...

This study is aimed at evaluation of organic carbon dynamic after compost application. Object of study was heavily degraded Calcaric Chernozem (Vele?ovice) localized in the south region of Moravia in the Czech Republic, during the field experiment 2012?2016. The experiment was established in a sugar-beet growing region, the altitude of this locality was 298 m a.s.l. and the local climate was classified as warm and slightly arid. Values of long-term average annual precipitations and annual temperatures were 490 mm ...

In connection with the production and distribution of drinking water it is necessary to take into consideration the possibility of an emergency, which in this concept means undesirable effects of forces and phenomena endangering human health, property, goods, and, last but not least, also the environment. These are natural hazards and anthropogenic hazards or their combination. It is therefore necessary to eliminate at least partially these hazards and minimize their adverse effects. To eliminate hazards, a risk a...

The article deals with the stages of obtaining collagen hydrolyzate by means of biomodification of cattle rumen, as well as the method of its canning by freeze drying. The preparation of cattle rumen hydrolyzate (RHF) was carried out as follows: the scar was pre-rinsed in running tap water for 20 minutes to remove contaminants and mucus, scraping off muscle and adipose tissue; after the run-off of water (15?20 min), the raw material was ground on a top with a diameter of holes of the scoring grid of 2?3 mm. The gr...

The modern historical geography plays an important part in the complex historical and geographical study of a region and creation of the techniques of the ecological and geographical assessment of its landscapes. The retrospective analysis of the evolution of the definition of the concept of the "ecological and geographical assessment" in the works of the leading Russian geographers showed the dependence of its treatment on the applied approaches, i.e. historical-landscape, comprehensive physical-geographical, soc...

Good information is crucial for effective working and decision making in all fields of human activity. It is widely thought that up to 80 % of information we get every day is related to a particular place on earth. With respect to this fact it is clear that spatial relations cannot be omitted in any case of planning and decision making. Hence teaching of thinking spatially and in wide relations has become an essential skill of graduates. This paper is to propose a teaching synergy in education where strategic deci...

Wastes from livestock farms contain significant amounts of antibacterial drugs and antibiotic?resistant genes. Due to weak adsorption in the animal's body, antibiotics are released into the environment in an unchanged form or as metabolites in the composition of manure. In addition to the antibacterial agents, the manure of treated animals contains antibiotic?resistant bacteria. The use of manure in untreated form as a soil fertilizer can lead to the spread of antibiotic resistance among soil microorganisms. Compo...

The purpose of the research is determination and comparison of the porosity values of the whole core obtained by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and X-ray computed tomography (CT) methods. To achieve the purpose of the research, it was necessary to solve the following tasks: a) measurement of porosity of a whole core by NMR; b) obtaining core porosity values using X-ray CT; c) comparison of the obtained values, explanation of the differences in the porosity using these two methods; d) proposal of new approaches i...

From the perspective of the global climate changes, the aim of this paper is to analyse the extreme events that have taken place near the Romanian harbors in the last 30 years. In order to identify these extreme events, the hindcast data simulated by a wave modelling system implemented in the Black Sea will be used. The main wave parameters simulated by a wave prediction system implemented over the entire basin of the Black Sea are evaluated together with the wind fields considering the data provided by the US Nat...

The results of the palynological analysis of the sediment core recovered in Lake Rubskoe (Ivanovo Region, Russia) in 2015 are presented. An environmental reconstruction of Holocene and late Pleistocene vegetation, climate and lake dynamic was inferred. Pollen analysis has shown that vegetation of the area was dominated by Betula pendula, Pinus and Alnaster. Herbaceous were mostly represented by Artemisia, Chenopodiaceae. Sphagnum spores finding in the in the upper layers of core indicates a significant moisture co...

With introduction of new and advanced technologies in beekeeping it is possible to design and use Internet of Things (IoT) sensor systems embedded in beehives. This provides the ability to collect heterogeneous data and to provide real-time remote monitoring. Complex prognostic models are applied after the data is manipulated and normalized. The obtained results are used to predict the processes occurring in beehives. For this purpose, the collected data must be divided into at least two parts for training and val...

There is environmental quality as a one of the factors determining the quality of life in EU countries. EU countries use a combination of different tools of economic policy to ensure environmental (as well as economic) quality. However, environmental protection cannot be implemented without financial support. The most important tools of economic policy, already traditional used, are economic tools, which could improve the quality of the environment and quality of life. Environmental protection has become a part of...

In the context of climate change and sustainable development, the discussion has been raised in the society about the long-term benefits and possible losses of different farming types. In the discussions about the future of the CAP, it has been stressed that tackling climate change and preserving the environment is the most serious challenge facing the EU, and the CAP must help by setting new goals to ensure that EU farming contributes meeting the international commitments on sustainability. The paper deals with t...

Attraction of investments into the agro-industrial complex and the formation of an effective investment policy is given considerable attention today, since it is precisely investments that can act as a "catalyst" for the development of the economy of the state as a whole, and of any of its regions or municipalities. The problems of increasing investment activity and improving the investment climate play a crucial role in maintaining and enhancing the region's economic potential. Investments are of great importance...

The research consisted in obtaining Ni-P and Ni-P-Al2O3 coatings followed by heat treatment and characterization of heat treated and untreated layers. The layers were deposited on the steel strip, by electroless method to certain process parameters. To obtain the Ni-P-Al2O3 nanocomposite layers, 5 g/L Al2O3 particles of 20 nm were introduced into the nickel bath, and it has been worked with the same parameters as to obtain the Ni-P layer. The samples were heat treated at 300 0C, 400 0C and 5000C for one hour in a ...

Nomenclature and chemistry of mafic minerals such as pyroxene, amphibole, and mica within the felsic and mafic igneous components have important role in the identification of the nature of the magma. The different compositions with the different proportions of the mineral chemistry reflects their, thermobarometry, emplacement depth and tectonic setting with the relation to their Fe, Mg, Al and Ti contents. Pyroxene, amphibole and mica behavior are selected from the shoshonotic, silica saturated alkaline and silica...

Two technological factors were taken into study: loadings: 20, 28 and 36 eyes/vine, with the attribution of a cutting load of 8-10 eyes per vine and two eyes taps and the maceration-fermentation duration of the wine from marc, respectively 8 and 16 days. Feteasca neagra and Cabernet Sauvignon varieties, part of the basic assortment for the production of quality red wines, typicaly for Dealu Mare vineyard, were used. The polyphenol accumulation rate over the maceration-fermentation time registered values between 58...

The one of most important topics regarding to the operation of long stroke marine engines is maintaining the serviceability of engines cylinder liners and piston rings. During operation of engines cylinder liners lubrication to be properly adjusted by adjustment of cylinder oil feed rate to maintain proper wear rates. This process must be monitored to avoid engines failures. Close monitoring wear of liners and piston rings gives opportunity to optimize cylinder lubricating oil feeding rates to reduce cylinder oil ...

The Republic of Kosovo is one of the newest states in the world. Separated from a former communist federation ? Yugoslavia and occupied for over a decade by Serbia, it turned out to be free after a systematic destruction and with great consequences in all respects, including the environment. And of course, being a new state, made Republic of Kosovo to inherit many problems, which were very difficult to solve, while the environmental issues did not even come into the agenda ever to be discussed. In other words, hav...

The interaction of permanganate ions with iron(II) cations as the basis for the synthesis of a composite magnetoactive compound has been studied. The reaction was carried out in an acidic medium, for this purpose an iron(II) sulfate solution was prepared with the addition of sulfuric acid. Condensation was carried out using an alkaline reagent after the redox reaction. The influence of the consumption of potassium permanganate on the magnetic activity of the reaction product has been experimentally studied. Theore...

The purpose of this work is to anticipate the most important consequences generated by the installation of a micro-hydroelectric plant on mountain rivers, on the main components of the environment, and also to identify and locate the potential disruptions caused by the implementation of these projects. In addition, I would like to clarify certain aspects regarding the changes brought to the natural setting, the extent to which they affect the components of the environment, the capacity of nature to withstand these...

This article was published within the Sub-project "Manufacturing of composite materials sanitary ware", funded under the "Fostering Productive Innovation" Project, supported by the World Bank and the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Conservation and protection of the environment is one of the important and priority areas of the World Bank work. The Bank requires environmental assessment for the Sub-project to help to ensure its environmental safety and sustainability. Therefore, the Environmental Manageme...

This paper presents the analysis of quantities and types of waste delivered to port reception facilities by passenger-cargo ferries at the Port of ?winouj?cie. The waste classification set out by applicable legal provisions, statistics on the numbers and sizes of vessels delivering waste to the port and journey frequencies of the vessels under review have been used, along with other inputs, for the purposes of this study. The objective of this paper has been to conduct an analysis of quantities and types of waste ...

Sealing solutions play a crucial role in any space application. In this paper we present the production and characterization of elastomeric composites for rubber seals used to prevent unwanted loss of gas or liquid. We selected the following types of elastomers: ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymers (EPDM), butyl rubber (IIR) and bromobutyl rubber (Br-IIR) that have a good behaviour in the low temperature conditions of the cosmic space. Two bipolymeric EPDM/IIR and EPDM/Br-IIR compounds were made, containing other ...

The purpose of screening paraffin oxidizing microorganisms and optimization of culture conditions on n-paraffins and oil products. The study on the ability to use hydrocarbons separated fungus culture that morphological characteristics attributed to the genus Aspergillus. The features Aspergilluss growth on hydrocarbons, the optimization of cultivation on hydrocarbons in a laboratory fermenter. It was shown that the lag phase duration and duration of fermentation depends on the accumulation of monocarboxylic acids...

Detecting objects in images is of widespread interest due to a large number of applications in diverse disciplines, including remote sensing, medical images, geology and civil infrastructure. This paper presents a comparison of selected techniques that may be useful for the object detection connected with ground deformations within large areas using satellite radar interferometry (DInSAR, Differential Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar) techniques. The DInSAR method, that exploits two SAR images, derives info...

Air pollution is one of the most urgent problems of urbanized territories. The quality of atmospheric air depends to a large extent on the volume and characteristics of the contaminants entering into it from stationary and mobile pollution sources. According to the State Reports ?On State and Protection of Environment in the Krasnoyarskiy Krai? the air pollution rate in Krasnoyarsk has been remaining very high for the last decade. When assessing the environmental quality, biological methods should be used integral...

The cadastre basically reflects the boundaries of the land plots of various owners. Changes in land legislation in recent years require the consideration and assessment of land by types of use and soil varieties. This is significantly different from the accounting and assessment of land by land categories and owners. As a result, there is a dynamics of cadastral division in the form of a public cadastral map and an increase in the number of cadastral units - land plots. On the other hand, real monitoring of land u...

At present, Slovakia belongs to the fastest growing economies of the European Union, within which since the end of the global economic crisis the Slovak real estate market enjoys the sharpest growth. Despite the dynamic development in new housing construction, it needs to be said that the activity in the sector of the existing buildings still does not reach the necessary standard. The paper is focused on the properties renewal in the private and public sector. The authors see the biggest reserves just in the renew...

Higher complexity of modern constitutive models often results in an increase of number of input parameters and time requirements for their calibration. Optimization methods provide a possible solution for this problem. A program application based on the metaheuristic optimization method Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is presented in the paper. The application consists of two parts: a subroutine with the PSO algorithm and a subroutine involving a finite element (FE) model of an analyzed construction. The subrout...

In article, the methodology for organizing data collection from sensors of a multi-pole electrical installation intended for geoecological monitoring of coastal zones of karst lakes in the areas of hydrological discharge of the lake is considered. The study of the hydrogeological features of karst lakes is an important task of practical geoecology. Karst lakes have a significant impact on the development of destructive karst-suffusion processes, both locally and regionally level. For monitoring it is proposed to u...

The examples of modern biophysical and biochemical methods used at the Black Sea coastal zone biotesting were presented. Their obvious advantages in precision, objectivity and efficiency of received information in comparison with other methods were shown. The bioluminescence analysis as biophysical method was used. The obtained results revealed trustworthy relation between bioluminescence field variability and ecological conditions of studied coastal areas. Ambiguous influence of heavy metals on bioluminescence of...

High level of mining in Polish copper mines, in the Legnica-Glogow Copper Belt (LGOM), caused an increasing amount of mining works to be carried out in difficult geological and mining conditions, for instance in the vicinity of remnants. Issues related to performing mining operations with the use of the room and pillar mining system in the vicinity of remnants is important in terms of work safety. Remnants are sites of the concentration of high stress values and may affect rock layers of the rock mass located in t...

Countries around the world are concerned with securing enough fuel and energy for their national economy. At present it is important supply of buildings with energy and their efficient consumption. The economical use of energy and fuel in the non-productive sphere consists of rationalizing energy consumption in the building and energy supply to the buildings. The most energy consumed is recording heating of buildings the reason is to cover thermal losses. The European Union is focusing on supporting the modernizat...

Modelling is the process of replacing the dynamic system of its model. The loading of mineral resources is an integral part of their circulation. The first loading process is being carried out during the excavation of raw materials. Subsequently, the loading process is carried out in the other stages of its transportation by various means of transport or processing. The contribution describes a model example of loading the selected mineral raw material into the selected type of transport means railway wagon. The m...

The paper presents technology of monitoring a reinforced concrete pillar-connector of prefabricated walls. Prefabricated units made from a modified Polytech mortar containing expanded polystyrene derived from recycling were used to build a residential object. Reinforced concrete pillars that serve as wall connectors in Polytech system are load-bearing elements. In order to control the reinforced concrete connector of prefabricated walls under realistic conditions, a control technology was applied that involved int...

Hydrocarbon deposits in Polish Carpathians occur at rather shallow depths, but under highly complex structural and lithological conditions. It is therefore much difficult to detect and recognize such deposits with use of surface geophysical methods. The research works have made since 2008 year led to investigations of the Grabownica oil and gas field with use of electromagnetic methods: Audiofrequency Magnetotellurics (AMT), Controlled Source Audiofrequency Magnetotellurics (CSAMT) and Induced Polarization (IP). T...

It is well documented that the interlayer space of clay minerals, notably smectites (e.g., montmorillonite), can be intercalated with wide variety of inorganic cations or organic cations through ion exchange reactions or using other physical and chemical means of interaction. When the modification of smectite is performed with organic cations, their properties change from hydrophilic to hydrophobic. Therefore, the resulting materials become efficient sorbents of organic contaminants in wastewater, e.g., as sorbing...

Considering the increasing generalized pollution and tightening of environmental protection regulations, it is necessary to constantly optimize the treatment technologies, in order to meet the quality standards when discharging wastewater into surface water. The paper presents a study on a wastewater treatment plant in Romania that serves a municipality with a population of approximately 400,000 inhabitants, having a sewerage network working in a unitary system. The main indicators of the waste water quality (flow...

An explosion occurred at the ammunition storage depot in Padjene, Croatia, on 13 September 2011, caused by a fierce forest fire. The depot was totally destroyed and unexploded ordnance left scattered around it. A digital surface model and highresolution georeferenced ortho-mosaic were produced to monitor the cleared site of the former depot for remaining explosive devices and other waste generated by the explosion. Airborne image collection in 2015 covered the Padjene depot and vicinity with very high-resolution i...

The present paper shows that the analysis of full flow X-ray activity signals recorded by the ASM (All-Sky Monitor) survey camera of RXTE (Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer) orbital observatory for binary systems allows for not only establishment of some mechanisms of matter accretion in binary star systems but classification depending on manifestation of statistical memory effects as well. As an example, using frequency dependencies of autocorrelators and their derivatives calculated on the basis of Memory Function For...

After 1989, when significant economic and social changes took place in the Czech Republic, the mining of most minerals was gradually reduced by 30-40%. The development of the external environment, especially the external conditions directly/indirectly - positively/negatively affects mining of mineral resources. In the presented article, we examine the dependence between exploitation of black coal and external conditions in terms of management. Selected macroeconomic indicators (not only in the Czech Republic but a...

Safe management of tailings storage facilities requires evaluation of embankment stability dams. In case of dams constructed by upstream method, special attention is drawn to evaluation of liquefaction potential. This requires evaluation of state of saturated, not compacted tailings material containing various amount of fines. Conventional methods based on static or dynamic sounding and standard sampling can?t assure required accuracy in determination of void ratio of deposited material. The paper presents results...

This paper presents a recent study regarding choosing and optimizing of the appropriate test methods to characterization and analysis of used oils from different sectors of activity, in order to evaluate the heavy metal content. In the first step, the samples preparation stage for metal analysis, a number of preparation methods have been tested and finally chosen as optimal, a microwave digestion method. For comparison the metals were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and atomic abs...