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Infrared (IR) absorption spectra are investigated hydrogenated amorphous solid solution films a-Si1-xGex: H (x = 0 - 1) plasma chemical vapor deposition at different partial pressures of hydrogen PH2. Defined force, oscillator, which essentially depended on PH2. It is shown that the hydrogen contained in films mostly in the forms of GeH, SiH. Using integrated acquisitions JW, determined the amount of hydrogen in the films. Film properties depend on the composition and level of hydrogenation. The number of hydrogen...

This paper presents the development and experimental validation of an intelligent variable-structure control system for optimizing industrial ventilation in ATEX (ATmospheres EXplosibles) environments. Current ventilation solutions, based on continuous maximum-flow operation, consume 15 to 40 percent of total industrial hall energy and remain largely reactive to hazardous atmosphere formation. The proposed system integrates Model Predictive Control (MPC) with Artificial Neural Network (ANN) algorithms and a spatia...

The flameproof enclosure type of protection is a safety method designed to prevent the ignition of an explosive atmosphere in hazardous environments. It involves enclosing components that may generate sparks, electrical arcs, or high temperatures within a robust, explosion-resistant housing. This enclosure is engineered to withstand the pressure generated by an internal explosion of a flammable gas mixture, ensuring that the explosion does not propagate to the surrounding atmosphere. This type of protection is par...

West Romania Banat high plains in the Pannonian Basin are low slope and wet. Block subsidence, loess, and river lake beds built a wide glacis belt cut by marshy vales. We mapped soils and limits in six plains from Vinga and the Bega Timis gulf to Gataia Tormac Moravita and Buzias Timis, 43 cadastral units, 346000 ha farm. Data follow Romanian soil taxonomy 2012 and were joined with relief from a digital elevation model, sediment maps, canal and dike maps, and climate means at Arad and Timisoara (T 10.4–10.8C; P ...

The growing importance of sustainable consumption in the digital environment highlights the need to better understand how consumer perceptions and trust influence decision-making processes. Digital platforms increasingly shape how sustainability-related information is perceived and interpreted, making perceived sustainability and consumer trust critical factors in sustainable consumption decisions. This article presents the results of a study aimed at analysing how perceived sustainability and consumer trust influ...

Making the automotive greener has led to a continuous intensification of studies for alternative technologies in road transport. The most promising of technology is based on electric propulsion. But beside many advantages, the electric vehicles have some disadvantages compared to conventional vehicles: limited driving range, long charging times, and insufficient charging infrastructure in some areas. Additionally, battery degradation over time (especially due to operation in extreme weather conditions in winter an...

Sand production poses a major challenge in the development of weakly consolidated and unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs, leading to equipment erosion, wellbore plugging, reduced productivity, and increased operational costs. Downhole sand control filters, primarily deployed as mechanical screens, are essential to retain formation sand while permitting hydrocarbon flow with minimal impairment. This review synthesizes established industry practices, laboratory sand retention test results, and field performance dat...

The research is aimed at developing intelligent solution for the manager to better plan future resources. A key element in profit management is resource allocation. The idea of this research is based on the desire to improve the profit of a business organization. Quantitative formalization of this process is done by presenting mathematical models for predicting. Formal modeling in forecasting is based on statistical analysis of available historical data and estimation of future behavior. Mathematical prediction mo...

This abstract examines the development of public policies supporting the transition toward a circular economy and their role in achieving sustainable development objectives. The aim of the article is to analyze key policy instruments, regulatory frameworks, and governance mechanisms that facilitate resource efficiency, waste reduction, and the decoupling of economic growth from environmental degradation. The study adopts a multidisciplinary approach, combining policy analysis with insights from environmental econo...

This paper assesses policy instruments supporting carbon-neutrality measures in Estonia, Portugal and Romania, aiming to identify lessons for Latvia and other European Union Member States. The study focuses on regulatory, financial and socio-economic instruments that enable climate action. Methods: The research is based on comparative document analysis of national energy and climate policy documents, recovery and resilience plans, European Commission assessments, sectoral strategies and institutional sources. The ...

This paper investigates the potential of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) technology for monitoring vertical displacements in areas affected by underground mining and evaluates its combination with precise geometric leveling. The study is based on repeated measurements carried out in the Stonava locality (Czech Republic), where intensive deep coal mining induces significant surface subsidence reaching up to several decimeters per year. The main objective is to assess the accuracy of GNSS-derived heights, ...

This paper presents an investigation of a reinforced concrete frame bridge in Prague, Czech Republic, affected by a severe fire caused by burning tires beneath the structure. The resulting high temperatures likely influenced both the concrete and reinforcing steel, potentially reducing material strength and altering mechanical properties. A detailed assessment was carried out to evaluate the current condition of the bridge. The investigation included visual inspection, mapping of surface damage, and extraction of ...

Mining activities can influence agricultural environments by altering potentially toxic elements (PTEs) concentrations in different environmental compartments, promoting their accumulation and generating potential exposure pathways. This study analyzed PTEs in agricultural soil and irrigation water in the Santa Rosa mining district, Ecuador. Fourteen soil samples were collected from agricultural farms, and ten water samples were obtained from a nearby canal used for crop irrigation. PTEs levels were measured by XR...

The construction sector generates substantial amounts of waste and still largely operates within a linear model of resource consumption. In response to increasing environmental pressures, circular construction has gained importance as an approach that extends material life cycles, reduces waste generation, and limits the demand for new raw materials. In this context, the reuse of building products represents a promising strategy for improving resource efficiency and supporting more sustainable end-of-life manageme...

Industrial sites concentrate high-energy processes, hazardous substances, and complex building layouts that can amplify fire, explosion, and toxic-smoke events. Fire and rescue units (ISU) often arrive with incomplete or outdated information about the facility, which increases response time and exposes crews to avoidable hazards. This paper proposes a simple, patent-oriented framework for optimizing ISU interventions in industrial zones by combining four building blocks: operational response data, computational fl...

Global water use keeps rising and by 2050 may be about 30% higher than today. Growing pressure on freshwater resources and the high energy demand of conventional desalination encourage the search for alternatives. One option is freeze desalination, in which salt is separated as ice forms. This method requires far less energy than traditional techniques, and operating at low temperatures limits corrosion while allowing treatment of highly saline solutions. The technology is still under development because salt-reje...

Fine particles with a diameter of 2.5 microns or less (PM2.5) lead to dangerous air pollution, which can penetrate deep into the lungs and cause health damage by causing respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. PM2.5 appears mainly as a result of combustion processes such as car operations, burning coal, wood, fuel oil in CHP and in the private sector, as well as through industrial emissions and fires. High-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters effective used for capturing these harmful particles, but we have ...

The article provides brief characteristics of the discovered deposits in the Surkhandarya oil and gas region, the results of research work by a number of scientists and a number of exploratory seismic surveys carried out. As a result of these works, the presence of a large number of areas with a high-amplitude structure was revealed, which are favorable signs for the accumulation of hydrocarbons. The analysis of new geological and geophysical materials based on modern equipment and computer programs of various com...

Optimizing protein digestibility in laying hens is essential for maximizing egg production, reducing feed costs, and minimizing nitrogen excretion into the environment. This abstract examines the physiological and dietary factors influencing the efficiency of protein utilization in modern high-production strains. Standard dietary protein sources, such as soybean meal, typically exhibit ileal digestibility coefficients between 0.80 and 0.90; however, these values are highly sensitive to the presence of anti-nutriti...

A recent experimental study identified a novel "hydro-chemo-mechanical" trigger for soil liquefaction: internal pore-pressure build-up generated by carbon dioxide (CO2) accumulation during the buffering of acidic mine water by carbonate-rich soil. However, the interpretations of the experiment were constrained by heterogeneity and the underestimation of pressure build-up due to system failure following the peak pressure. This study addresses these limitations by developing a numerical framework to quantify the tra...

Transport represents one of the key sectors in terms of greenhouse gas emissions within the European Union and, at the same time, an area with a growing demand for both passenger and freight transport. Despite increasing energy efficiency, the European transport system remains largely dependent on fossil fuels and significantly contributes to CO2 emissions as well as to economic losses caused by traffic congestion. Strategic documents of the European Union, particularly the White Paper, envisage a substantial redu...

Rare metals such as Sn, W, Ta, Nb, Li and rare earth elements are essential for modern technologies, renewable energy systems and advanced materials. Their growing demand increases the importance of studying rare-metal provinces and identifying new perspective areas. The Kalba–Narym belt in Eastern Kazakhstan is one of the main rare-metal regions of Central Asia. However, the potential of its south-eastern part remains insufficiently evaluated. This paper considers the Cherdoyak deposit as an example of greisenâ...

This study examines how organizational structure and workflow/process design can be aligned in information-intensive organizations through Business Process Management, workflow standardization, digital automation, and adaptive governance. The study develops and evaluates the Adaptive Workflow–Structure Integration Model, which integrates structural standardization, digitally orchestrated workflows, and governance mechanisms into a unified socio-technical framework. The model is applied in a document-intensive or...

Human hair constantly grows and it needs to be cut. Moreover, it degrades slowly, which causes it to be long-lasting. Therefore, society generates waste that needs to be stored for a long time. Furthermore, it is an inevitable type of waste regarding the perpetual nature of the growing hair process. The management of the human hair waste is necessary and if done responsibly, it can be a chance for manufacturing sustainable devices and products by making a second use of this raw material. Recycling of the human hai...

The article examines the main challenges and current status of ESG reporting implementation in the banking sector, as well as the impact of banks on sustainable finance and sustainable development. It is proven that the development of ESG reporting contributes to ensuring transparency, accountability, and the integration of social, governance, and environmental aspects of banking institutions. The interaction between regulatory and normative acts in the field of ESG reporting is studied. The main international sta...

Climate change and the increasing frequency of extreme rainfall events impose additional stress on urban drainage infrastructure and particularly on wastewater pumping stations operating within combined sewer systems. This study investigates the operational performance of an existing wastewater pumping station located in northeastern Bulgaria and subjected to significant hydraulic loading caused by permanent external inflows and stormwater runoff. The assessment combines field observations, SCADA-derived operation...

Taking Yuqiao Reservoir, a key drinking water source for Tianjin, as the research object, this study utilized Sentinel-2 MSI satellite data and synchronous in-situ measurements to investigate its eutrophication spatiotemporal changes from 2016 to 2023. Semi-empirical models based on the NDCI index were constructed for chlorophyll-a concentration inversion, while the QAA_RGB quasi-analytical algorithm was adopted for water transparency retrieval. The Comprehensive Trophic Level Index (TLI) was further calculated to...

Production of biomass-plastic composites is one of the interesting recovery possibilities for waste biomass and HDPE material. The big issue in this research area is to produce the composites with acceptable and competitive level of quality which is determined through the final mechanical properties of composites. Meaning of this paper is to present the research finding for determination of the mechanical properties of waste raw materials based biomass-plastic composites. Raw material variables influence, especial...

The transition toward a circular economy (CE) requires collaborative governance arrangements that mobilize public authority, private capital, and technological capacity beyond the reach of any single actor. Public-private partnerships (PPPs) have long been used to finance and operate infrastructure, waste, and energy assets central to circular transitions, yet the intersection of CE and PPPs – Circular PPPs – remains conceptually dispersed and empirically thin. This study maps the emerging field of Circular PP...

The “Vacha” Regional Water Supply System represents a large-scale hydraulic infrastructure project designed to ensure long-term, climate-resilient drinking water supply for the city of Plovdiv and 28 surrounding settlements, with a planning horizon to 2070. The system is based on regulated surface water abstraction from the Dospat–Vacha cascade and integrates hydrological, hydraulic, and energy analyses to optimize resource utilization under changing climatic conditions. The study draws upon primary technica...

The research analyses agricultural unused land (AUL) identified within the cadastral territory of Velke Trencianske Stankovce (western Slovakia) with the objective of evaluating restoration potential and determining suitable management pathways for reintroduction into agricultural use. The methodological framework combines Sentinel-2 vegetation indices, LPIS data, soil characteristics, and site-specific attributes including terrain configuration, parcel accessibility, and environmental constraints. Restoration pot...

Risk management in the transport of dangerous goods is essential for protecting human health, the environment, and infrastructure. This chapter section explores systematic risk assessment methodologies in the context of hazardous materials transport. Key techniques such as Failure Modes and Effects Analysis, Hazard and Operability Analysis, and Bow-Tie analysis are used to identify, assess, and prioritize risks associated with the transport process. These approaches enable the systematic breakdown of potential fai...

Rock glacier hydrology remains poorly constrained in marginal permafrost environments such as the Southern Carpathians. This study quantifies spatial variability by relating spring temperatures to elevation, aspect, lithology, and spring type, and temporal variability through diurnal and seasonal thermal amplitudes, to detect permafrost occurrence and assess its influence on alpine groundwater systems. Between 2020 and 2025, 62 alpine springs were systematically monitored in the highest sector of the Retezat Mount...

Rural tourism represents an important instrument for the sustainable development of local communities, contributing to economic diversification, job creation, and the valorization of natural and cultural resources. Caras-Severin County benefits from significant tourism potential. This study aims to analyze the role of rural tourism as a driver of sustainable development, with a focus on its economic, social, and environmental impact. Data collection was carried out through a questionnaire administered to the local...

The present study aims to track the seasonal dynamics of airborne microorganisms on the territory of Sofia, Bulgaria in relation to the dynamics of fine particulate matter (FPM). Seven sampling points were selected from which sampling was carried out in seasonal dynamics. A laboratory Spin Air sampler was used as 1 m3 of air was passed through the apparatus. For the purpose of the study, the total number of microorganisms was established, as well as the quantity of the main microbiological groups. Isolation of pur...

The 26 November 2019 Mw 6.4 Durres earthquake highlighted the importance of local site effects and liquefaction susceptibility within the Durres coastal plain, western Albania. In response, the InfraSoilArray project was initiated to improve the seismic characterization of the Durres basin using passive and active geophysical methods. This study presents preliminary seismic microzonation results obtained from the combined application of the Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) and Multichannel Analysis of ...

Clamping and fixture operations are frequent sources of injuries and productivity losses in small and medium industrial workshops. Traditional manual vise tightening can create pinch points, repetitive strain, inconsistent clamping force, and longer cycle times, especially when parts are handled in batches. This paper presents a simple, invention-driven concept: an automated pneumatic clamping system that retrofits to a standard industrial vise and uses sensors and safety logic to improve occupational safety (SSM)...

The aim of the work was to assess relation between the chemical composition of the biomass of cover crops and the intensity of its decomposition during the winter period. Parameters for 13 cover crop species included contents of soluble sugars, cellulose and lignin (ADL), on the basis of which derived indicators were calculated – Sugars/ADL ratio and lignocellulosic index (LCI). Biomass decomposition was assessed according to weight loss after winter exposure. Results showed a significant variability in the chem...

Based on the Entity – Relationship model (ER model) of Agricultural activities, a simulation model of the vegetative development of plants has been developed, taking into account the agricultural activities necessary for their cultivation. The agricultural crops grapes and pepper have been selected because they present different specificities such as annuals – perennials, vines (bushes) – low-stemmed and other fundamental differences. The model recreates the vegetative processes arising from the botany of pl...

According to the European Environment Agency, soil is involved in providing more than 90% of the total production related to human nutrition, animal feed, textile fibers and fuels, while also providing the raw material for all kinds of other related activities, such as horticulture and construction. In order to monitor soil quality, it is necessary: common analyzes for all types of soils (with soil samples in disturbed and undisturbed structure) and typical soil analyzes (for soils: unsaturated with basic cations,...

This article presents a reproducible workflow for deriving gridded total runoff threshold layers for Bulgaria and the adjacent regional domain. ERA5-Land hourly runoff for 1981-2025 was first converted from accumulated fields to hourly increments following the ERA5-Land accumulation convention [4][7]. Annual maxima were then derived for 1 h, 3 h, 6 h and 24 h totals, and fixed annual exceedance probability (AEP) return levels were estimated for 1% and 5%. The fine resolution product uses D(Q) downscaling: return l...

Lake water quality is an important sign of ecosystem health, biodiversity, and sustainable management of freshwater resources. As human activities, climate change, and eutrophication increase, the need for efficient and consistent monitoring methods grows. Traditional field sampling provides accurate local data but is limited by how often and where samples are collected, as well as by high costs. Satellite remote sensing is a practical way to monitor inland water bodies, enabling repeated, large-scale assessments ...

This study presents a comparative retrospective analysis of the spatio-temporal dynamics of climatic parameters within the territory of Aktobe Region for two periods: 1970–2000 and 2000–2025. The methodological framework of the study is based on geographic information system (GIS) technologies, the WorldClim global raster climate database, and verified observational data from the stationary meteorological network of RSE “Kazhydromet.” The aim of the research is to identify trends in mean annual, maximum, a...

In this study, using ASTER surface reflectance and emissivity data to map four main lithological units (volcanic, magmatic, clastic, metamorphic) in southern Tunceli (Ayazpinari-Cukurca) using PCA and ICA transformations, and the results were validated against a reference map. The highest success among different band combinations was achieved in the SWIR region alone for the PCA transformation, and across the entire range (VNIR-SWIR-TIR, 0.52–11.65 µm) for the ICA transformation. Although SWIR-based PCA success...

Phytopathogens cause severe plant diseases that pose major challenges to food production. Early detection of these bacterial pathogens is therefore essential for developing effective control strategies. However, existing bacterial identification methods are often slow and insufficiently specific. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy, known for its high sensitivity to molecular changes in cells, offers a promising alternative. Spectroscopic techniques in general provide rapid, cost-effective, and simple app...

The coal mining waste dump of Petrila in the Jiu Valley, Romania, represents a significant source of environmental hazards due to spontaneous combustion of coal residues. This study investigates the generation of nitrogen oxides (NO, NO2, and NOX), carbon dioxide (CO2), and methane (CH4) from the Petrila dump, focusing on their correlation with self-heating phenomena and internal temperature variations. Field observations were conducted on the dump, recording signs of surface smoke, elevated temperatures, and othe...

This paper presents a theoretical analysis of the application of artificial neural networks for modeling the run-up time of combustion engines. Engine run-up time is defined as the period required for the crankshaft rotational speed to increase from an initial state to a specified operating level. The process is influenced by numerous nonlinear physical and chemical phenomena, including fuel properties, combustion dynamics, mechanical inertia, and operating conditions. Due to the complexity of these interactions, ...

The prioritised tasks of the Common Agricultural Policy include sustainable agricultural production and improving food chain safety. Achieving this requires knowledge transfer, innovation and financing. The production and processing of agricultural products today take place in line with the objectives set by the Common Agricultural Policy for the post-2020 period. Among these, the horizontal objective often referred to as the tenth objective permeating all other areas is “Knowledge management and innovation,” ...

This case study addresses the increasing vulnerability of critical energy infrastructure in the Czech Republic to hybrid and physical attacks within the context of current escalating geopolitical tensions in Europe. The objective of the paper is to analyze the long-term trends of these threats and to answer the main research question: What political, organizational, and technological instruments can optimally protect Czech critical energy infrastructure from evolving hybrid and physical threats? The research utili...

Repairs of cement concrete pavements are among the most demanding technological operations in road construction and therefore require increased attention. Repairs of less damaged cement concrete pavements are usually made using plastic mortars, epoxy and polyester resins or special materials. The economics of the repair, or the strengthening of damaged cement concrete pavements, is tied to the technical and technological problems of interaction with asphalt layers. Thin reinforced cement concrete slab is a method ...