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The research is aimed to demonstrate the possibility to find the quantitative characteristics of the processes developing in the landscapes of the thermokarst plains with fluvial erosion, using a momentary set of landscape metrics without long repeated observations. We examine a mathematical model of the morphological pattern of the thermokarst plains with fluvial erosion in the case of the asynchronous start developed in the framework of the mathematical morphology of landscapes. We have obtained empirical data o...

The paper presents a study of hydraulic modeling of the drinking water and sewage distribution network in Beclean City, Bistrita Nasaud County, from Romania. This study includes a calibrated simulation of the flow through networks (systems), which allows the elaboration of a future strategy of developing the networks (systems) of water and sewage. The need to develop hydraulic models as accurately as possible results from the fact that, by creating and calibrating the hydraulic model of a system, a variety of syst...

Environmental protection and maintaining the ecological balance are the most important state development priorities. Environmental policy issues are closely related to the level of technological equipment of economic sectors, sustainable development of territories, social policy and are aimed at ensuring environmental safety. The expansion of the geography of oil and gas production in Russian Federation in the direction of the northern and Far Eastern territories, the development of new territories (Eastern Siberi...

The region in question is located in northeastern Bulgaria, 2.8 km southeast of the village of Balgarevo, Kavarna municipality, in the protected picturesque area "Zelenka". The study area is part of a coastal zone with a length of 2.5-3.0 km, where several descending springs are established. During the mapping in September 2018 in the studied area a zone of groundwater discharge was established in the slope at an absolute elevation of 36 m. Water from this area flows down the slope, forming a scenic waterfall. The...

Hydrogeological maps are the main form of graphic representation of the hydrogeological studies results and enable various areas to be distinguished according to their hydrological character in relation to the geology. Geological sections reflect the most important characteristics of the geological structure to depth and have their own legend. At the same time, the hydrogeological section reflects the geological structure and hydrogeological conditions of the site along the established direction (section line), wh...

In the Ropazu district at Latvia, a set of dolomite excavation quarries is located. Because the quarries must by drained by pumping out groundwater, depression cones appear in the quarry areas and around them. The research targets were investigation of the interaction between the quarries, evaluation of adverse changes caused by them in the groundwater regimes of the nature reserve wetland area «Lielie Kangari» and in flows of hydrographical network. The research was carried out by applying the hydrogeological mod...

The Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve (DDBR) covers around 580,000 hectares, where the waters of the Danube enter the Black Sea. It is the second largest and the best preserved of Europe?s deltas; its dynamic, relatively wild ecosystem supports a rich diversity of wetland habitats, numerous lakes, ponds and over 330 species of birds and 45 species of freshwater fish [1]. The region has a long history and the DDBR includes a number of Iron Age fortified sites, remnants of Greek and Roman settlements, and early Christi...

The article is dedicated to the study of hydrometeorological parameters on a stationary oceanographic platform in the Black Sea. The research paper contains the description developed in the Marine Hydrophysical Institute?s complex for measuring meteorological parameters (wave height, wind speed and direction, free-air and sea temperature, barometric pressure, relative humidity). The measurements were carried out on a stationary oceanographic platform located in the coastal zone of the southern coast of Crimea at a...

The work is devoted to the synthesis of epoxy derivatives based on hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene. The aim of this study is to synthesize a new epoxyphosphazene binder with reduced functionality, due to which the mass fraction of phosphorus in the synthesized compound increases, as well as its viscosity decreases, which makes it possible to fine-tune the density of the network formed during the curing of the binder. To achieve this aim, the tasks of choosing of mono- and difunctional substituents of chlorine atoms ...

It is no longer a novelty that for the socio-economic development of the society in which we live, the main resource is represented by information. Of the data and information that society faces on a daily basis, most have spatial reference. Thus, the field of Geographic Information Systems has become an interactive way of viewing and accessing the components of the geographical environment. For the management of natural disasters, a multi-temporal spatial data is required. Satellite remote sensing is the ideal to...

The aim of the article, in the pre-research issues, was to examine the scientific questions which cover the main ergonomic problems in the work environment of the training workplace for training of future air traffic controllers in the conditions of the educational institution. The methodology of researching the problem to achieve the goal of the article was based on an expert method, on a guided interview with instructors of practical training for air traffic controllers to obtain an expert opinion on identifying...

Currently every day the need for obtaining information from satellites and quadcopters is increasing. Various services and ordinary users have a need for automated processing of received information from satellites. However, automated processing raises a number of problems: different illumination of objects, their difference in different times for example at different times of the year, soil changes, river spills and forests before and after fires etc. However, topology allows you to preserve the shape of feature ...

The operation is based on the identification of the working area on the old land book plan. This includes the topographic numbers of the area where the building is located and all representative details, namely water courses, roads, road intersections as well as other linear elements well established in time. On the old land book plans, each plot is highlighted with a distinct topographic number, topographic number that is entered in the land register and corresponds with a land book. The old land book plan was dr...

The peculiarities of ecological conditions determine different scenarios of adaptive changes in the immune and genetic status with the subsequent formation of eco-caused pathology. Purpose of the study: analysis of the peculiarities of the immunological and genetic status of the child population in the extreme conditions of the Arctic Circle of Russia under the combined impact of anthropogenic chemical and climatogeographic factors. Materials and methods . Immunological and genetic testing of 98 children (the terr...

Biochar is mainly used in agriculture to increase soil fertility and water retention, which leads to improved plant growth. As a result, it improves the overall productivity of agriculture. A field experiment was carried out on alluvial - meadow soil. Six variants have been developed, with the increasing rate of biochar and organic fertilization as a background. The tested crops are broccoli. The aim of the study is to evaluate the combined application of carbonized plant residues and manure as a soil improver on ...

In current times of increasing weather extremes and climate change, there is a request for cheap and also high-quality agricultural products. It is important to fertilize soils and improve their physical and chemical properties to increase an agricultural production. To improve soil properties are used various organic materials, and biochar is one of them. Biochar, a product of thermal degradation of biomass, helps to improve the hydro-physical properties of the soil. It is produced from biomass by pyrolysis proce...

Synthetic detergents (SD) are firmly established in everyday human life. Their production can be considered as an artificial mini ecosystem. In relationships with the environment, the human body shows certain reactions, i.e. a predictable change in the state of health. The technological process of SD production consists of a mixture of raw components at a certain temperature, followed by drying the composition and adding non-thermostable additives. In order to ensure the environmental safety, the production lines ...

The study was conducted during 2015 in the region of Rahovec in Kosovo. The aim of the study was to identify weed species, the impact of total herbicides dose, and mechanical weed control on the floristic composition in vineyards. Two different total herbicides with different doses in a randomized block design were applied in the vineyard, namely Basta (a.i glyphosinat-amonium) and Touch-down (a.i glyphosate), and two additional treatments included mechanical weed control and the control treatment (without herbici...

Low impact development (LID) facilities are used to reduce the inflow of rainwater into the sewer network. Their use is welcome in highly urbanised areas where they decrease the network overloading during heavy rains. The aim of this paper is the implementation of LID facilities into the sewer network of the residential districts in cities. Subsequently, the assessment of their impact on network congestion at different load conditions will be done.

Reconstruction or modernization of both railway stations and railways lines represent important investments in transport infrastructure with the aim to provide long-term sustainability and development of the railway network in accordance with the current trends. Main benefits resulting from the implementation of these investments bring increased efficiency of infrastructure operation, savings in travel times, reduction of transport impact on the environment and increase in public transport comfort and safety. All ...

The main purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of industry wastewater containing synthetic textile dyes on the structure of activated sludge. The aim of the research is to qualify direct impact of the textile dyes, dosed in one week into the experimental system of wastewater treatment plant, on constitution, structure and function of activated sludge. Activated sludge samples (5 mL) were taken from the aeration tank of experimental waste water treatment plant before, during and after measurement and the ...

Alarm systems are designed to protect life, health and property. These systems have been used more and more frequently in recent years, and together with them, protection through the connection of the building and a monitoring center are also used. The purpose of the connection is additional protection in order to verify the indicated alarm by the employees of the security service. This verification must be performed for each indicated for which the owner is not in the building. According to the Act of the Slovak ...

The paper has been prepared in accordance with the stipulations of the regulations in force issued by the Ministry of Waters, Forests and Environmental Protection of Romania. The objectives of this research were: the study of the physical changes resulting from the implementation of the water supply network, the analysis of potential sources of pollution of the main environmental factors, and the highlighting the impact on biodiversity of National Park ?Cheile Bicazului - Ha?ma??. These were achieved by: study of ...

The analysis of the existing approaches to instrumentation of crushed wood thermal modification technology revealed the effectiveness of having the process in disc-type annealing reactors. In order to optimize the torrefaction process in a disk reactor, a mathematical model has been developed that allows determining the required number of disks depending on the design parameters of the unit and the required degree of heat treatment of the material. Mathematical simulation showed that with the same agitator rotatio...

The river is the consequential landscape ? forming element as it is rinsing and transporting the weakest rocks, scraping the bed and accumulating the sediment. During these processes in the river, diverse ecosystems are forming in various areas that provide habitats for a wide range of plant and animal species. In almost every river there is occurring a natural process as erosion. River erosion assessment should be considered in river management and included in management measures, as erosion can be determining fa...

The current methodology of geography training in secondary school is aimed at finding opportunities for the implementation of an effective educational process. Recent studies prove the effectiveness of the so-called outdoor lessons. And this is no coincidence, given their impact on learning motivation in training process. They practically operationalize the methodological principle of "learning through experience", especially relevant to modern didactic. However, how can this type of lesson be organized in the con...

The aim of the research is to determine the social impact of the social enterprise Second Breath (Otra elpa) in solving the problem of the environment and social exclusion problems. The research is based on monographic method, document and statistical data analysis, analysis of social enterprises financial data and SROI analysis. Social enterprises have a dual purpose of solving social problems while generating and increasing profits ? they have responsibility to increase the social impact. Social impact is the ch...

The National Geo-Information Center (NGIC) is a newly established research infrastructure which is part of the National road map for scientific infrastructure (2017-2023) of Bulgaria. Its primary strategic objective is to improve the coordination and integration of the efforts of the existing scientific infrastructure networks to integrate the primary Earth observation data into a single complex geo-information center, and to support their joint analysis for the assessment, forecasting and prevention of natural an...

The Russian Federation proposes to impose limits on use of polyphosphates (tripolyphospahte, phosphate compounds, and phosphor) in synthetic detergents in the Eurasian Economic Union. The primary reason for this proposition to make amendments into the EAEU countries legislation is a possible decrease in quality of natural water objects used as drinking water supply sources. When it comes to phosphor derivatives, this deterioration is caused by eutrophication. Analysis of hydrological and hydrochemical data reveale...

Reservoirs are important hydraulic infrastructure for water use and flood control. Their impact on the hydrological regime of rivers downstream is significant. Accurate and reliable forecasting of flows in the rivers below the reservoirs is very important in cases of extreme meteorological events (heavy rains) for flood mitigation. The evolution of physically based hydrological models in recent years significantly improved the ability to describe and represent the hydrological processes at a basin scale. This pape...

Development of heavy oil deposits increases each year, due to consumption of conventional oil reserves. However, extraction process of heavy oil faces a number of problems. The main of these problems are high density and viscosity of heavy oil as well as high content of asphaltene-resin-paraffin components, which can be precipitated. Currently, the main methods that are being used for heavy oil recovery are thermal methods, like steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD), cyclic steam stimulation (CSS) and in-situ com...

The world practice of taxation shows that tax policy in most cases, when introducing environmental taxes, pursues the main goal of protecting the eco- system from pollution. This applies both to natural resources and to the conservation of aquatic bio resources, also considering the impact of the extinction factor of endangered species, listed in the state registers of flora and fauna. In this regard, each state independently determines the scope of environmental taxation on its territory. At the same time, it is ...

The problem of increasing the energy efficiency of the national economy is the most important for countries with developing economies. For example, in the Republic of Ecuador (RE), the average GDP growth rate was 5.73% over 2010-2019. This requires high-quality development of the energy sector to ensure sustainable development of the national economy. The power generation structure in RE is not optimal because the share of oil is 87%, while the share of hydro resources is 6%. For RE, this reduces the efficiency of...

The integration processes taking place in the modern world increasingly determine the level of international relations. The implementation of integration relationships, as well as the implementation of any phenomenon, is accompanied by certain risks. Currently, there are a lot of classifications of both integration processes and the risks that arise during their implementation. From our point of view, the integration risks with respect to specific international associations, in particular the Eurasian Economic Uni...

Research conducted in INCD URBAN-INCERC, within the National Network for Seismic Monitoring and Protection of Constructed Heritage, converges towards the development of a large monitoring system, capable to allow remote identification, in a very short time after a seismic event, of possible dangerous changes in the condition of the instrumented buildings. In order to obtain correct information regarding the behavior of a structural system (due to the lack of data needed to create a reliable model), the advantages ...

Nowadays, in the Arkhangelsk region of the Russian Federation, the timber industry is under active development. A quantity of raw materials necessary for the increasing production capacities of timber processing enterprises show an annual increase. Roundwood removes from forest to limber mill by highway, train, water transport, barges and float boat (which, by the way, is one of the main types of transport). The timber processing enterprises on the river channel are equipped with pile piers which help floating tim...

Water resources are vulnerable not only from climate change, but from many other socio-economic drivers of change. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change ?Vulnerability is the degree, to which a system is susceptible to, or unable to cope with adverse effects of climate change, including climate variability and extremes?. When a trend towards decreased precipitation and runoff coincides with a trend towards higher water consumption or deteriorated water quality, then the given region or river b...

The emissions of indoor nitrogen oxides have increased during the last period. Thorough knowledge of the interactions of individual influencing factors to nitrogen oxides pollutions in the indoor working environment provides guarantees of comfort, hygiene, and health for future manufacture buildings performance and production. A comprehensive assessment of the environmental safety of the working environment through appropriate analyses of transfer processes, impact rates, and interaction relationships must become ...

Agriculture has been the only known and proven method to obtain food in order to meet demands of human population already for thousands of years. Quality and quantity of produced food depend on the technologies used in plant cultivation and on the condition of used land. Soil organic matter (SOM) together with soil biota form basic soil property referred to as soil fertility. Maintaining appropriate content of SOM in soils is possible by the application of organic fertilizers. However, these are not always availab...

The article attempts to explain different impacts of border effect on different types of borders and the question of whether the border effect has a greater intensity at the national border than at the border between the regions of one country and how big this difference is. The hypothesis was tested on a case study of the Liberec region, located in the Czech Republic at the border with Poland and Germany (part of Euroregion Nisa ? Neisse ? Nysa). For quantifying the border effect, the gravity model of spatial int...

The article considers the solving the problem arising at the mathematical modeling of hydrological processes, namely, the problem of the number of phase variables taken into account in the model. The number of variables in the model can change depending on the climate. The fractal dimension characterizes required number of variables. In the article the results of applying the established regularity of the influence of the long-term norm of surface air temperature on the fractal dimensionality of the annual runoff ...

The town of Vidin is supplied by underground water sources through shallow and shaft wells of the ?Raney? type on the terrace of the Danube river. The main water source is located near the village of Slanotran, 12 km northeast of Vidin and consists of 4 wells with horizontal drainage rays, type ?Raney?. In recent years, has been operating mainly well 1(R-1), which is able to supply the required quantities of water for the ?Vidin? group. The annual amount of water supplied by ?Slanotran? pump station is about 7300 ...

The bearing capacity of steel members and their cross-sections is influenced by geometrical - dimensional and material - strength variations, which are randomly variable. The actual design standards take this into account by characteristic or nominal values yield strength, design cross-sectional dimensions and partial reliability factors of the material to ensure adequate reliability of the proposed structures. There is still insufficient knowledge of the actual geometrical and material deviations and the results ...

The Arctic is one of the regions in the world where nature has been preserved in its original form. But at the same time it is the most environmentally vulnerable region. And in recent decades, anthropogenic influence has been enhancing due to interest in this territory. Focal economic development is characteristic of the high-latitude Arctic. It leads to the formation of local pollution sources and other types of negative environmental impact. In this regard, the study of soil characteristics is an important obje...

In the last years, Romania has suffered large-scale flooding with large areas of land affected by floods, causing major infrastructure damage and leaving behind a significant number of deaths. Climate change and the high frequency of dangerous hydrometeorological phenomena manifested by torrential rains of special intensity produce flash-flood on watercourses due to the rapid concentration of leakage on slopes. These phenomena characterize the vast majority of river basins in Galati County. The pilot area chosen f...

The scientific article is based on a wide range of sources ? archival documents, publications of periodicals, Internet materials. The influence of public environmental associations on the functioning of atomic energy in Ukraine, for example, the 1980s - 2010s, is analyzed. The catastrophe at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in April 1986 became the impetus for the mass formation of non-governmental environmental public organizations in Ukraine, which at that time was part of the USSR. An important vector of activ...

In the mountain zone, the slope exposure plays important role in the process of soil formation. The aim of the work was to assess the impact of slope exposure on the soil properties of agricultural terraces in the Eastern Caucasus. A study of soil properties of agricultural terraces in the mountainous zone of the Eastern Caucasus (Dagestan, Russian Federation) was carried out. The purpose of the study was to compare the soils of agricultural terraces on the slopes of the northern and southern exposure. The content...

In the article, the results of the estimation of an influence of soil back pressure of the lower slope on the distribution of the landslide pressures between the rows of the piles of the multi-row retaining structures. The conditions of a stable soil and an unstable one as well as a dugout from the lower slope side have been considered. The analysis has been carried out on the basis of the distribution of the forces between the rows of the piles according to the spatial numerical model study data of the multi-row ...

The present study has been dedicated on the removal process of heavy metal ions from electrolyte solutions by using methods of electroflotation and subsequent filtration in a multi-component system with the presence of various surfactants of different nature. The research was conducted in a five-component system comprising ions of iron (II), nickel (II), copper (II), plumbum (II), and zinc (II) (the total concentration of metal ions is 200 mg/l). The research was conducted in a highly concentrated electrolyte solu...

This article presents the results of the studies that were conducted by the authors for determining the influence of the cycles of heat treatments on the structure and mechanical properties of dual-phase steel with a low manganese content. For the research in discussion, was used an alloy with 0.094% C and 0.53% Mn which was subjected to several cycles of heat treatments (consisting of full annealing, normalizing, subcritical annealing, full quenching, intercritical quenching). The metallographic analyzes were per...