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The article sets forth a rationale for the cognitive aspect in evaluation of translators? skills for international environmental projects. The authors make recommendations on compilation of test materials that help perform translator skills evaluation, including assessment of the translator?s cognitive ability. When screening candidates for the role of translators in international environmental projects it is necessary to use test materials that differ from those used in evaluation of students? translation works o...

The relevance of the study is due to the fact that in conditions of debt load, the attraction of new bank loans by enterprises is unlikely, and may worsen the financial condition of the organization. Therefore, a bond loan is becoming a more popular and less risky alternative for enterprises. In this regard, this article is aimed at disclosing the features and technology of issuing commercial bonds, studying the dynamics of the Russian corporate bond market for 2014-2017, and justifying the attractiveness of this ...

The study of the ecological and economic aspects of the operation of the Mongolian Corridor as part of the Great Tea Road - one of the major trade routes in the vast territory of the Eurasian continent, and the study of the interaction of cross-border territories are relevant in the context of globalization and the creation of the China-Mongolia-Russia international economic corridor. The peculiarity of using the natural resource potential of the countries and regions of the Mongolian corridor is the poorly divers...

The analysis of the actual situation of protected areas and their evolution over time, in an area located on the eastern border of the EU, represents a major interest in identifying national and international policies concerning the estate of conservation and the biodiversity protection. The region aimed to be studied is historical Moldova. It is situated mainly on the territory of two states, Romania (EU member) and Republic of Moldova (former state of the Soviet Union). In time, the historical Moldova existed as...

Both the cultivation of fruit trees and bushes as well as gramineous crops and especially wheat crops are of particular economic importance. Fruit trees and bushes as well as gramineous cereals constitute the most valued foods being indispensable in making a proper diet Research on the study of carabid entomofauna from both ecosistems, wheat and tree fruit plantations was carried out using Barber soil traps. The harvesting of the material was done in both stations between May and August, at intervals ranging from ...

Mining has been for centuries the main economic activity in the Apuseni Mountains of Transylvania, NW of Romania. However, due to the low level of productivity and high production costs, the extractive industry became over the last twenty years one of the large uncompetitive sectors of the Romanian economy. The study area is one where mining activities have impacted both the environment and the social and economic state of the region and it comprises three mining areas located in Alba County: Baia de Aries Mining ...

Recirculation aquaculture systems (RAS) are gaining popularity among producers due to high productivity and low ecological impact for the production of aquatic food. Water quality management has always been considered though to be one of the most important aspects of (RAS) systems from both perspectives: ensuring an appropriate environment for fish development and growth and reducing nutrient pollution discharge. In RAS systems, total ammonia nitrogen produced by fish as a result of protein catabolism it is common...

Environmentally clean and economically sound energy systems widely use renewable low-grade energy of soil and water for functioning of geothermal and hydrothermal heat pump systems. Analysis of existing systems demonstrates that they are not always adjusted to actual operating conditions and object location. The scientific approach to development of appropriate configuration of thermal collector, to methodology of their optimal mounting and to efficiency determination depending on operating conditions is quite top...

Precise measurement and indication of quantitative concentration of heavy metals in soils is materialized in increased degree of objectivity in research conducted to characterize interactions between pollutants and environmental factors in a given area or region. The present paper aims at highlighting the influence errors induced by physical and chemical characteristics of soils and the fluctuations of soil metal concentrations depending on its humidity and granulometry proposing appropriate methods and techniques...

The leaching of mineral nitrogen (Nmin) represents a serious problem of modern agriculture in the European Union and also in the Czech Republic. The reason is the loss of nutrient important for plants from the soil environment and subsequent threat to the quality of soil ecosystem. The main goal of the present work is to show the influence of the mixed cropping system in the sowing process on Nmin leaching of from arable soil. Mixed cropping system represents cultivation of different crops at one field simultaneou...

The closure of Neotethys induced collision and extension related basic magmatism within the Central Anatolia during the late Cretaceous and Early Paleogene. The products of the basic magmatism are alkaline and tholeiitic in character. The temporal and spatial evolution of the basic magma within the Central Anatolia has a great role in the interpretation of magmato?tectonic evolution of the region. The lack of radiometric age for the mafic magmatic rocks let to discussion in the explanation of the nature of these m...

The choice of biotesting methods in determining the toxicity of water is determined by the requirement for their high sensitivity and expressivity. In this regard, fluorescence methods are particularly attractive. The purpose of this work is to compare the sensitivity of fluorescent biotesting methods in determining the toxicity of waters containing petroleum products, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, pesticides. We studied the toxic effect of petroleum and diesel fuel, polyaromatic naphthalene hydrocarbon, pesticides ?...

The paper analyzes the impact of marketing tools on market share, sales level and distribution of organic food. The information presented was developed through a literature review and data obtained on the basis of a survey carried out in 40 stores offering organic products, located in Krakow, Poland. As a result, information was obtained from sellers on e.g. the kind of marketing tools used to encourage consumers to buy organic products, their effectiveness, and the decisive factor in favor of the purchase of such...

This paper presents the simulation results of field development optimization of low permeability carbonate reservoirs containing high viscous oil by the system of horizontal wells. The wells are located in special way to take into account the geological features of this field, the water injection at certain moments of time and all potential water breakthroughs from the WOC area. Multivariant reservoir simulation runs were performed in order to identify the optimal well density, the optimal length of horizontal sec...

A significant part of the light oil reserves in Russia is concentrated in low-permeable reservoirs, such as the Domanik Formation, Upper Devonian shales in the European part of Russia. Standard laboratory methods for estimating pore space structure and fluid saturation are often not applicable or not accurate in studying unconventional rocks. The presence of hydrocarbons with a high content of highly viscous components, including kerogen, and pores of nanometer size dramatically reduces the effectiveness of the co...

Characteristic features of the petrographic and chemical compositions as well as the age of basic dikes in the Nastenka site of the Malo-Tarynskoe orogenic gold ore deposit (MTD), located in the central part of the Yana-Kolyma metallogenic belt, northeast Russia, are considered. The dikes are composed of light greenish-gray porphyritic rocks replaced by sericite-chlorite-albite-carbonate substance with ore and epidote components, in which relics and fragments of primary igneous minerals are noted. The obtained Rb-...

This paper aims to present a new analytical model for the contact area of all switching devices, at all voltage and current levels. It was proposed in order to recalculate all the computational formulas related to the electrodynamical forces which inevitably appear in a mostly symmetric contact, with a different shape, other than a sharpen or pointed one. When applying this model, the very simplifying hypothesis of the constant current density on equipotential stiction surfaces for the crossing current is complete...

The spectrum of energy resource depletion in the coming years has been a serious alarm signal and has led to the identification of the possibilities for substitution of depleting resources, the reduction of environmental imbalances caused by the exploitation, processing and utilization of the resources used up to now. This alarm signal has led mankind to operate with a new concept, the energy security concept. For most specialists, energy security means producing the necessary energy in their own country and reduc...

At the moment, there is a significant problem of the Russian industry lagging behind world levels. The reason for this is the rupture of connections between social, natural and economic systems, consideration of economics in isolation from the law of nondecreasing growth rates of free energy of living systems. As a result, there was a need for the creation and development of an ?economic system - an industrial enterprise?, i.e. creating a flexible, diversified and receptive to innovation system in order to increas...

The paper reports the results of petrological calculations of some generations of rock-forming (pyroxene, amphibole, biotite) minerals and accessory minerals (zircon and apatite) from the Mesozoic igneous rocks of the poorly studied Dzheltula alkaline massif. It is the largest magmatic structure of the Tyrkanda ore region, located in the eastern part of the Aldan-Stanovoy shield. Obtained results of identification of physical-chemical conditions of pyroxene, amphibole and biotite crystallization indicate the fact,...

The assessment of explosion-protected electrical equipment is based on the requirements of the ATEX 2014/34 / EU Directive and is made through tests and verifications carried out according to harmonized standards (of the EN 60079 series). For the type of protection flameproof enclosure, the EN 60079-0 (for general requirements) and the standard for the type of protection flameproof enclosure (EN 60079-1) are used. A breathing device is defined as a device which permits an exchange between the atmosphere within an ...

The coastal lakes of the Romanian Black Sea shore comprise significant ecosystems, characterized by marine, brackish and freshwater assemblages. Therefore, these lakes may be seen as biodiversity huge reservoirs and natural bio-filters. They offer natural resources linked to their high biological production and productivity. This paper is presenting the current research state in the field of quality assessment of the aquatic ecosystems, with special regards to the lakes occurring in the southern Romanian Black Sea...

Observations were made on the apple fruit tree orchards belonging to S.A. Loturi Service S.R.L. Delesti, Vaslui County, during the period 2017-2018 from May to August. For this, observations were made periodically on the field, and samples were also collected using soil traps type Barber, which were then analyzed in the laboratory. Barber traps were represented by 6 pots with a total volume of 600 ml, in which we used as a preservative liquid a salt solution with 4% concentration and these traps were placed at gro...

One of the most abundant renewable resources with a great potential as raw materials for production of fuels and bulk chemicals are carbohydrates derived from biomass. Among these, esters levulinates have been widely used as solvents and plasticizers in food industry or as fuels additives for transportation. The direct synthesis of methyl levulinate from fructose over solid superacid SO42?/TiO2-La2O3 catalyst was investigated in this study. The influence of different reaction parameters such as reaction temperatur...

Core analysis is obligatory when developing mineral deposits or estimating reserves. Coring is always accompanied by taking photographs of the samples. Today, these photographs can also be used for additional research. For example, it is possible to extract information about the optical porosity from photogrammetric data, carry out an automated lithological classification or determine other physical and chemical characteristics of rocks within the sampling interval. Photogrammetric imaging result is a digitally un...

Increasing production scale and demand highlights the necessity of industrial waste water purification. Such water, except for harmful impurities that pollute environment ecologically, contain substances whose return into the production cycle makes the production process more economical. From this point of view, purification and concentration of water generated after the regeneration of cationites used in the process of water treatment, is more relevant. Lot of productions, such as energy, electronic, radio techno...

The Polish Cu-Ag deposits on the Fore-Sudetic Monocline are characterized by the occurrence of sedimentary structures called the elevations of the Weissligend top. These are elongated forms in the shape of sandy shafts whose occurrence affects the change in the value of deposit parameters (including reduction of the shale series's thickness). In the Lubin deposit, these elevations are the least well-known among all such structures in the entire Lubin-Glogow Copper District (LGCD). The basic material of the study w...

The aim of the present study was to determine the content of coumarin as a possible methanogenesis inhibitor in prepared model silages made of mixed cropping system (MC)crops composed of Zea mays L. and Melilotus albus MED. (white sweet clover).Global efforts to reduce dependence on non-renewable fossil fuels are intensified andbiomass production is becoming increasingly important. European Union (EU)intervention in the field of renewable energy has contributed to increasing the demand forbiomass intended for biog...

In the paperwork is exposed a practical way for establishing critical points position in a pressurized enclosure by using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. It is known that for complex inner structures of pressurized enclosures it's very difficult to precisely establish the position of critical points. Those critical points are points where the concentration of the test gas will reach at the latest to the desired value of concentration in the process of testing. In the first part of the paper were...

The work is considering of technology of Crude distillation unit in general modern technology of refining process. Crude distillation unit (CDU) is at the front-end of the oil refinery. Oil topping column K-1 is especially important in the general crude distillation unit technology in Russia. The main purpose of K-1 column is separation of light gasoline and the main part of the dissolved gases from crude oil in order to normalize the amount of gasoline hydrocarbons following to the main column K-2 and to stabiliz...

This paper examines changing environment of natural gas market with focus on Europe. It discusses the supply demand balance suggesting that developments in recent years will likely lead to higher natural gas prices and the need for new infrastructure in order to provide energy security at affordable prices. Last decade has seen significant fluctuations in prices of natural gas globally. In middle of 2018 market signal indicates that prices have bottomed out in the first half of 2016 and now they are on upward traj...

This scheme is based on the idea that the stratigraphic limits of this time interval (251 ma) correspond to the temporal positions of a large number of distinct dynamic moments (change of meaning of the radial motions) linked with two cycles: Valach climatic cycle (VhCCy ? 4.1 ma, pulsations of the Solar System) and Raup-Sepkoski cycle (RSCy ? 26.78 ma, pulsations of our galaxy). Many of these moments, often perceived as tectonic phases or as important extinctions, led various global changes which allowed the sepa...

We present developed model for decision support in environmental economics within geo-information management paradigm. We consider socio-economic geographically distributed natural-technical systems and use to manage them the basic principles of environmental economics and geo-information management in accordance with a complex approach that involve the integration of efforts of all sectors: society, government and business. We used Foresight technologies, theory of decision making under uncertainties, geoinformat...

The article presents the possibilities of using post-mining facilities and areas for tourist and geo-education purposes, as well as the specificity and conditions of such ventures, from local initiatives to projects with international renown. Factors deciding about the success of investments using post-mining relics were analyzed, mainly in terms of conditions for the implementation of projects for protection and securing such remnants as well as economic and social results of the project in the long-term perspect...

According to the evaluation practice minerals deposits have different levels of geological and feasibility study, so discounts is not only a tool for multi-temporal cash flows, but also an important tool for geological risks assessment. Thus, the determination of the discount rate should be based not only on the economic conditions for management of the mining enterprise, but also on level of geological knowledge, probability of reserves evaluation. Practical use of the discount parameters affects the commercial v...

Determination of the velocities anisotropy and direction of fast and slow shear waves propagation in the reservoirs containing hydrocarbon deposits is important for the choice of a field development model. The paper describes computing technique the magnitude of the shear waves anisotropy and the assessment of the preferred propagation directions for fast and slow shear waves in the Akan oil field, Republic of Tatarstan, the Russian Federation. In the course of the work, the cross-dipole acoustic logging data were...

Anavarza (Anazarvus) ancient city has been established on an area of 143,000 m2 with a castle, stadium, ancient theater, mosaics, bathes, churches, gates of victory, aqueducts and stone graves. It is the largest ancient city in Anatolia. Anavarza City of Antiquity is situated near Dilekkaya village of the Kozan County, and it is approximately 70 kilometres to Adana city centre (Turkey). The history of the Anavarza goes back to 2100 years, and it has became the capital of Cilicia in 408. Archaeological excavations ...

It is recognised on global and European level that organic agriculture is more sustainable and environment friendly production system. Organic agriculture, including food, (hereinafter - agri-food) production shows considerable growth on the global and European Union (EU) level, including Latvia. It has been widely considered by scholars, experts and politicians that organic agri-food production is beneficial for rural development through: enhanced entrepreneur activities; growth of jobs; creation of added value a...

Land use of the closed joint stock company "Zarya" is located in an extremely arid zone, which affects the specialization of the economy and the peculiarities of the use of agricultural land. The territory of CJSC "Zarya" is located within the Terek-Kuma artesian basin. Land use of the grape farm is located in the zone of distribution of chestnut soils. Depending on the qualitative composition of the soil are divided into five soil-reclamation groups. In the course of monitoring of agricultural land economy identi...

The most important part of any successful program of obtaining stable yields of agricultural crops is the development of effective plant protection products. The use of pesticides and chemical control methods has revolutionized agriculture. Chemical means of protection attracted attention by cheapness, variety of drugs, and most importantly, high efficiency The toxicity of some pesticides did not cause much concern, and only excessive saturation of the environment with pesticides sharply raised the question of lim...

In most cases, it is difficult for an investor to make a choice of a particular enterprise for the investment due to the uncertainty of business development in a constantly changing market economy. It is recommended to invest in companies with a good reputation, since such investments are less risky in conditions of uncertainty. First of all they try to invest in companies that meet the basic needs of customers such as trade, food production, and construction. The main problem for an investor in decision making co...

Mercury and its compounds migrate between environmental components. contaminating water bodies. It poses a danger in aquifer systems: inorganic mercury. by the action of microbes. converts to its highly toxic forms such as methyl- and dimethylmercury. minor exposures of which have devastating effects on central nervous system. According to the research conducted in the Russian Federation. mercury used for producing consumer items tends to get into residues (29 tons). Almost 11 tons of mercury is released in soil. ...

The article considers the criteria of typification of municipal solid waste according to their degree of danger. It is proposed the approaches based on the adaptation of the criteria to the differentiation of unauthorized landfills depending on the extent of their negative impact on the environment and human health. The criteria of typification of MSW landfills are formulated on the basis of analysis of waste composition, location of dump, its area and environmental hazards. Environmental hazard of landfills is de...

The objective of this work was to develop the waste-free eco-pure composite technology for fruit and vegetable processing to produce high quality, storage- and sediment-resistant juices, pectin, P vitamin and essential oils within a single production cycle. Georgia is an agricultural country with a large cultivation of fruit and vegetables. At present, they are processed in small amounts and of rather low quality. The juice produced by the conventional technology is not stable, as its pulp precipitates, but the ju...

Renewable energy sources, including wood pellets, are increasingly used in the world to reduce CO2 emissions from the production of electrical and thermal energy. One of the largest producers of wood pellets in Europe is located in Latvia; it is a significant exporter of wood pellets on the European scale, exporting approximately 90% of the total quantity produced and supplying the remaining 10% to the domestic market. Even though there are favourable conditions for wood pellet production, industrial consumption o...

The diatom method is a useful tool for reconstructing the history of lakes and for understanding the nature of changes in their water level that occurred in the past. It also shows the periods of freshwater and brackish phases in the development of water basins. A long core was taken in the deepest part of Lake Big Miassovo in July 2018. The core covered the time span of 13 500 years. Following the analysis of 14 core samples from Lake Big Miassovo, 97 diatom taxa belonging to 44 genera were identified. The domina...

The aim of the article was to assess the content and enrichment of selected ecotoxic elements (As, Bi, Cd, Cu, Pb, Sb, Sn, Zn) and Fe in the fly ash and slag after coal combustion in relation to content in feed coal, and moreover content and enrichment of elements in the topsoil and in the common beech roots (growing in the vicinity of the power plant) in relative to the topsoil levels and common beech roots in local and reference background. It was found that fly ash particles of <0.05 mm have a large enrichment ...

Increasing demand for new energy sources requires the use of new substances in the production of energy or at least innovative application of the already known compounds. Considering the above, LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) is more and more often used as fuel, as the growing pollution of the environment and rapid climate changes force the reduction of emissions of sulphur and nitrogen oxides to the environment. Liquid methane no longer contains sulphur oxides in any form because they are removed during the gas metha...

The article reveals the types of negative impact on land and soil in the construction of pipelines and discusses the regulatory problems in the field of reclamation of disturbed lands. To this end, the legal acts of Federal legislation, as well as the main regulatory and technical documentation in the field of environmental protection in the construction of trunk pipelines are studied. The main legal conflicts of legal regulation of environmental activities are identified. In particular, the analysis of environmen...

The geotectonic events in Late Cretaceous - Early Paleogene interval, caused essential changes in the architecture of the Tethysian paleogenic sedimentation basins and their rela relationship with the continental source areas. Laramic tectogenetic paroxysm (Maastrich tian/Danian) due to the subductin of the East European craton under the TiszaTisza-Dacia block, plays a double role in the structuralization of the East Carpathian units. In an internal position, the External Dacides are built (The Black Flysch, Barao...