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The devastating impact of floods in the past years triggered the awareness and interest regarding the need of effective flood risk management and improved strategies. The spatial distribution of the elements at risk, which are represented by land use inventories, is an important factor that influence the cost associated with floods, the rapid urbanization leading to an increased flood exposure and vulnerability. The land use planning can be a useful tool for flood damage mitigation and must be taken into account i...

One of the most important components of monitoring any object is to determine the degree of its pollution. Current and accurate information on the quality of water bodies and soils is the basis for regulating the activities of water users and land users, ensuring measures for the rational use of natural resources, informing the relevant authorities and the population about possible dangerous situations. Surface waters, like agricultural households, are strategic renewable natural resources of Ukraine. A characteri...

As a response for water losses in urban water supply networks, the pressure management has become now, one of the most effective method in order to reduce the leakage part of non-revenue water (NRW). The implementation of pressure management has as main objectives besides reducing leakage, reducing bursts frequency and extending the life of the infrastructure. Therefore, in order to improve the water distribution systems, this paper presents the advantages of pressure control and optimization for water distributio...

The article analyzes the influence of operation on all structures downstream the stream on the water content and dryness in the stream. As area of interest was chosen the catchment of a small stream in the foothill region with a gauging station and several water structures built on this stream in the last century. Seven structures with the most significant impact were examined. Multiple reconnaissance of the terrain and structures were performed, in different time periods; the existing operational manuals of water...

The article presents the issue of scale deposits in sanitary installations. Scale contributes to improper operation of sanitary devices and leads to their degradation. Scale build-up in pipes and measuring elements results in higher water consumption due to inaccurate estimation of this resource consumption. The consequence is that devices based on process automation do not work properly due to disturbances in the actual water flow. The formation of deposits also leads to economic and ecological losses, as sanitar...

Substances of petroleum origin that reach groundwater limit water use and can have irreversible effects on ecosystems interacting with them. Quantitative changes in groundwater and synergistic effects generated by petroleum products on ecosystems can be objectively quantified based on a scenario for the transport of pollutants concentrations through the aquifer. In this sense, with the help of mathematical models, the research estimates the spatial and temporal dimension of a possible accidental pollution by petro...

Water quality was investigated in Lake Matita, part of the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve, Romania, to assess the overall status of the freshwater ecosystem, in accordance with the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD ? 2000/60/EC), which addresses all surface waters i.e., rivers, lakes, transitional waters and coastal waters in the EU. From this perspective, a specific physical and chemical analysis of surface water samples was performed, collected in different sectors of the lake, during the summer of June 2020. Se...

This article presents the results of studies of the hydrodynamical and sedimentological conditions of the Sulina Channel, the middle distributary of the Danube within its delta. One field campaign (at low waters) in September 2019 was conducted to analyse the geometry, the sediment composition and hydraulic conditions of the channel. During the field campaign, the measured water mean velocity was from v = 0.01?0.54 m.s-1 for a water discharge (measured upstream, at the bifurcation, knot Ceatal St. George) of 698 m...

In the Danube delta, on the Sulina Channel, the morphology and bedforms characteristics have been investigated. 3D bathymetry, flow velocity, and bed sediments data have been acquired, in order to investigate the dynamic of the bedforms, the distribution of the water, and their influence against the river bed. A single observation (in May 2019) was made regarding the geometry, sediment composition and hydraulic conditions under which the dunes grew and decomposed. The investigation focuses here mostly on the geome...

This article is based on the results of studying the dynamics of long-term fluctuations in the flow of spring floods of the Don and Dnieper river basins in the territory of the Belgorod Region in the period 1968?2018. The object of the study are the maximum water discharges during the spring flood on the Tikhaya Sosna river near the town of Alekseevka (right tributary of the Don river) and Vorskla river near the village of Kozinka (left tributary of the Dnieper river). These rivers were chosen as objects of study ...

The methodology of sustainable forecasting of runoff and diagnosing bifurcations of its formation, being considered in the article, allows solving fundamentally new hydrological problems (including problems of engineering hydrology) related to the possibility of obtaining long-term estimates of the probabilistic characteristics of long-term river runoff under the conditions of evolutionary changes in the runoff formation factors (climate and anthropogenic activity on catchments). Currently, these long-term estimat...

The article considers the solving the problem arising at the mathematical modeling of hydrological processes, namely, the problem of the number of phase variables taken into account in the model. The number of variables in the model can change depending on the climate. The fractal dimension characterizes required number of variables. In the article the results of applying the established regularity of the influence of the long-term norm of surface air temperature on the fractal dimensionality of the annual runoff ...

The purpose of this study was to separate and subsequently investigate the lake governance developments within existing surface water resource governance system in Latvia by looking across all the three country administration levels, namely of the national, regional and municipal levels, in order to determine the actual state and main drawbacks of this step-wise developing lake governance system in Latvian. In this study, lake governance was systemized and characterized, taking note of what particular and eventual...

The paper presents a synthesis of our researches on the main physic - chemical and biological parameters of the Snagov Lake, from Ilfov County, Romania, made since 2013 until 2019. We have developed complex investigations on the most important water quality parameters of the lake, in the purpose of analyze the evolution of the water eutrophication phenomenon in time, in different sampling points, also to establish the optimal methods of control and combat of the studied pollution process. Because the eutrophicatio...

Recently, zeolites have attracted a significant interest due to their potential use in a wide range of applications related to water treatment and environmental remediation. The chemical and thermal treatments are the most used approaches to improve the zeolites properties by enhancement of sorption properties, surface area and porosity. Chemical (2M NaCl), thermal (150 °C for 24 h) and thermo-chemical (2M NaCl, 150 °C for 24 h) activation methods for a natural clinoptilolite based zeolite originated from Romania ...

On the Lower Danube, including the Romanian-Bulgarian common sector (between chainage km 845.5 to km 375), the width of the fairway is generally sufficient to accommodate multiple ships. However, in low water conditions (below 3000 mc/s) the depths are insufficient to ensure the efficient transport of goods. Very often, vessels sailing in the critical navigation areas (bottlenecks) can only be loaded at half of their capacity. This situation can cause significant losses for river transport operators and lead to la...

The article analyses the current state of flood protection of the urban area in the foothill region. Problems of the area were characterized through selected critical points that support the local flood origination. Of course, the flood is a random phenomenon and its behaviour depends on many other factors, such as soil saturation, vegetation cover, river bed channel current state, as well as drainage cuts, soil management, etc. For efficient design of the flood protection measures, it is necessary to have input d...

Objects of geological heritage of international level are located in the Nizhny Novgorod region. This is the Puchezh-Katunki impact crater of an early Jurassic age, the Bathonian-Callovian deposits of the Jurassic system near the settlement of Prosek on the banks of the Volga and karst lakes and caves in the basin of Pyana and Tyosha rivers. A water induced risk assessment was carried out to include it in application for aspiring UNESCO Geoparks network. The assessment includes the risk of landslides, abrasion of ...

The floods are common phenomena in the Danube Delta that covers major land areas. The Danube by its nature brings every year from upstream to downstream significant quantities of water. Furthermore, at different times of the year the river can cause significant floods on the urban and rural settlements along its course and can act as a huge pressure on the dams belonging to the Danube Delta agricultural enclosures. The pressure is generally given by the flash floods which is a phenomenon of rapid increase and decr...

The paper presents the results of scientific research in the field of environmental protection, proposed an approach to monitoring the ecological status of soils and surface waters, and considers the assimilation potential. The purpose of the work is to determine the dynamics of the growing impact of natural and man-made loads on the environment and increase the efficiency of environmental organizations. ArcGIS GIS software and ERDAS remote sensing software were used to translate data into thematic maps. ArcGIS's ...

Water level, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, oxidation-reduction potential and pH of Suceava River were monitored in 2018 and 2019 in order to assess the upstream-downstream evolution of these parameters and the impact of Suceava City on this river that divides its built area. The measurements were done automatically every hour with two AquaTROLL 500 instruments. This study focuses on analyzing distinct time intervals with typical and atypical fluctuations of the selected parameters as well as on identi...

Occurrence of flash floods (floods from intensive short-term rainfall) increased in last few years because of weather changes, mostly on the small catchments. Affected small catchments are characteristic with lack of information about hydrologic data, mostly no gauging and precipitation station are established there (it is impossible to warn inhabitants). Besides that, in Slovakia is common that house building is very close to the stream, therefore is impossible to change somehow river routing, or change the cross...

The calculation of wave height, - length and - period changes which result from trans-formation by currents and bottom are needed when solving engineering problems of sea and river hydraulics. It is possible to carry to number of such problems also a problem of construction and operation of sea channels which has big economic value. Modern sea channels can have width several hundreds of meters and difference of depths on the way to the channel and on an axis of the channel twice and more. Therefore, in calcula-tio...

In the recent years, the climate changes have determined the increase of the frequency of flood, and concurrently, negative effects of these weather phenomena were amplified by other factors (the deforestation, needs of the hydro technical works, etc.). Atmospheric precipitation contributes to formation of superficial runoff, or accumulates in the snow in the winter, sometimes participating during melting to form the maximum runoff. The consequences of this rainfall can be serious in terms of erosion and soil wash...

The aquatic systems of Kerch peninsula are unique groundwater manifestations situated on the area with a low technogenic pressure. Thereby these are very interesting object for the study of processes of the migration and accumulation of the geochemical markers (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs) as the background areas. The study is devoted to the assessment of the processes on the geochemical barriers (GCB) ? self-organizing components of geochemical systems, where the activation of physical and chemical pro...

The Paper present confined groundwater flow and solute transport modeling in water catchments area and wastewater system Giarmata, using the hydraulically modelling whit mathematical simulation. Modeling purpose is to constitute extending pollution propagation of aquifers generated of possible wastewater pumping station pollution. Pollution zone definition is necessary to settle technical measures to using drinking water systems. The used software for numerical modelling in this paper is Processing Modflow for Win...

Nowadays, after periods of time without precipitation, more and more frequent rains are coming in with very high flows in very short time. In case of extreme precipitation phenomena, sewer networks can no longer take rainwater flows, which often occur with large damages, often with loss of life. Drinking water is not renewable. That is why it is important to protect drinking water sources by using rainwater more efficiently. By recovering, storing and using rainwater, costs are reduced by treating and transporting...

World is changing rapidly. We are facing new reality and challenges. New global and complex solutions are needed to adapt to future reality. Tasks about landscape are coming to the forward more and more. It is necessary to speak about role of landscape in our life. Many points of view need to take into account when we want to speak about landscape and changes which are waiting for us in next decades. Question for researchers is how to obtain the best data for the best suggestions and recommendations for policy mak...

In the present paper, we present a part of the results of the questionnaire survey, which took place in the municipalities of 93 municipalities in the Presov region. The questionnaire contained 27 questions which, in addition to formal information on the municipality are focused on the occurrence and periodicity of floods, the time axis of the floods, the current state of preparedness of municipalities for floods, as well as the improvement/ worsening of the situation in the case of applied flood protection measur...

The effects of global warming are becoming more and more felt by changing climatic conditions across the entire surface of the earth. Thus, in some regions of the Earth's surface, catastrophic floods have begun to occur more and more often due to the increase in both the occurrence frequency and the intensity of torrential rains. In order to reduce the flood damage, it is necessary to prepare hazard maps and flood risk maps. These maps are prepared using hydraulic simulation of the flood propagation on the waterco...

The main objective of this paper was to assess the water quality in Siret, in the Galati area. Galati is a port town on the Danube River in south-eastern of Romania. For the purpose of carrying out these studies, water samples from ten Siret sites were taken. Water quality has been monitored between November 2016 and December 2017. Physical and chemical characteristics of water were performed. The PFP7 Flam Photometer was used for potassium and calcium ions determination. An UV-VIS Specord 210 Spectrophotometer wa...

The application of reactive materials in the form of a Deep Permeable Reactive Barrier during and after coal conversion constitutes an innovative concept of protecting the environment from georeactor influence. The reactive materials filling the post-process cavern will make it possible to remove or immobilise the gaseous and liquid contaminants that may be subject to leaching, while also reinforcing rock mass stability. The article pays particular attention to the technical and legal possibilities for reactive ma...

The mouth areas of the seas are the most interesting and complex objects for studying the distribution of pollutant flows and the factors of their formation. Different approaches can be used to identify pollutant flows and the role of the geochemical barriers, in particular the analysis of the distribution of marker compounds that most clearly reflect the pollution levels themselves and possible sources of their entry into the components of the aquatic systems. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are considere...

This paper deals with disinfection of drinking water at пїЅAquatim S.AпїЅ. The disinfection plant is part of an investment plan to provide conformation with the Romanian Law 485/2002 concerning drinking water quality and European Union Water Frame Directive. The new facility employs modern techniques of storage, dosage, injection and neutralization of chlorine. Under these circumstances, the risk of chlorine leakage decreased and increased the accuracy of chlorine dosage. The regulation and control of the process ...

Promoting sustainable use of groundwater based on reducing pollution and on preventing later pollution is a basic desideratum of the Water Law No. 107/1996 with later additions and alterations and of the Directive 60/2000/EC in the field of water issued by the European Parliament. Water resources are a source of normal economic development: they ensure nature balance and life continuity and this is why we need to rationally use them during both normal and crisis periods (e.g., drought). Ground waters are an ecolog...

The majority of current water quality measurements are based on the traditional in-situ point sampling and laboratory analysis of the samples. This method, besides being time and financially more consuming than the remote sensing, also very often lacks a sufficient spatial and temporal resolution to adequately analyse and describe different phenomena (i.e. eutrophication). In this study, we have assessed the possibility to use air-borne hyperspectral remote sensing for mapping concentrations of different water qua...

The design of the new protection scheme in the EforieпїЅs area was done based on yearly averaged incident waves from the dominant NE wave energy direction, with associated preferred coastline, which agrees well with a natural behavior of the present shoreline. The sand nourishments were constructing the new overall orientation of the computed shoreline, now in post-construction period corresponding to a new orientation of the coastline. The present work presents the functional effectiveness of the model simulation...

The goal of the contribution is to present a comprehensive and complex possibility of modelling the runoff processes for a given part of Bratislava city. The complex approach consisted of mutual integration of results of partial mathematical models пїЅ rainfall-runoff model, sewage system model, 1-D hydrodynamic modelling of open channel flow together with partially covered flows, 2-D hydrodynamic modelling of flooding the town residential area. All modelling works have been done in DTM coming from aerial photogra...

Construction of water storage lakes, necessary for different uses (irrigation in agriculture, water supply for population), implies sizing of the facility so that it can permit the transition of flood flows that could happen on the river where the water storage lake is positioned (built). Such a water storage lake is dimensioned, according to normative standards, for a flood which corresponds to a certain probability calculation. Taking into account the fact that frequently from the moment of finishing the constru...

The purpose of this paper is to present the flood hazard maps using 2D hydraulic modeling. Many economic, social, environmental losses as well as casualties, occur annually due to floods [4]. To reduce the risk of hazard, flood hazard and risk maps are required for different probabilities of their production and creating models that can predict floods in production time, based on information received from sensors located on watersheds. Very important for an effective management against floods have become nonstruct...

Wastewater treatment plants that currently lack biological step have a low efficiency in wastewater treatment. This causes polluted emissions to be discharged into emissaries. An example of this is Drobeta Turnu Severin wastewater treatment plant. Drobeta Turnu Severin City in Mehedinti county currently has 108 246 inhabitants, of which 80% benefit from centralized drinking water distribution and centralized system for collecting and transporting wastewater to the treatment plant. Drobeta Turnu Severin has a waste...

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the viability of investment into a waste water treatment plant using electrochemical clean-up technique which could replace the existing waste water treatment plant operating on reverse osmosis principle. The evaluation was performed from the technological and economical point of view. First, a pilot waste water treatment plant was built within the existing facility and operation parameters were optimized. Next, the efficiency of waste water purification was assessed ba...

The article presents the results of the research carried out in order to assess the possibility of using surface water of the Dniester River in the Halych area, for the public supply of water intended for human consumption. These studies included double sampling of surface water in different seasons and their physicochemical analysis. This assessment was made on the basis of the received data in accordance with the Polish applicable requirements [1]. In addition, an assessment of the water status of the Dniester R...

The growing demand for wastewater treatment encourages the development of alternative processes. Some of the main characteristics required of these alternative processes are a small footprint, ease of operation, low sludge generation and improved efficiency. Among the current technologies, the Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) and the Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) are alternatives that combine some of these required characteristics. On the other hand, ever since 1959, when the term пїЅnanotechnologyпїЅ was introduced,...

Calibrations of liquid flow meters are performed with primary standards that are based on measurements of the fundamental quantities; mass and time. Flow meters calibration are accomplished by timed collection of the measured mass of water flowing through the meter under test. Static gravimetric liquid flow meters calibration method is used as primary liquid flow standards. The method is based on the principle of measuring flow rate by static weighing and consists in: determining the initial mass of the weighing t...

The Danube Delta is declared the biggest natural reserve in Europe. Due to the fact that the Danube River is a main water collector in Europe, it flows all the impurities and pollutants that people discharge into the rivers which are the tributaries of Danube. The present study is a warning against water pollution in the Danube Delta, pollution that may affect biodiversity. Babadag Lake is part of Razim - Sinoe lagoon system, included in the Wetlands Protected Area under the Ramsar Convention, and together with th...

The Paper present unconfined groundwater flow and solute transport modeling in water catchments area, Nerau village, using the PMWIN applications. Modeling purpose is to constitute extending pollution zone of aquifers in space and time generated of posible industrial pollution. Knowledge of extending of pollution zone is necessary to settle technical measures to using drinking water systems. The companion software Processing Modflow for Windows (PMWIN) offer a totally integrated simulation system for modeling grou...

From the modern point of view, geochemical barriers (GCB) are the self-organizing components of geochemical systems (GCS), where occurs the activization of physical and chemical processes, which leads to the transformation of the association of chemical elements and compounds media. Currently, this approach allows for the development of effective technologies for the protection and purification of the polluted components of the geological environment, including the underground water and neighbor media. In the arti...

In over 38 percent of the groundwater drinking water sources in Slovakia, iron and manganese concentrations exceed the recommended levels set by Regulation of the Government of the Slovak Republic No. 354/2006 on Drinking Water. Iron and manganese are not considered health hazards, although micro-environments may be supported in wells and distribution systems which harbor microorganisms. The main concern with these metals is the color imparted by the oxidized forms that rarely goes unnoticed by the consumer. In ad...

Study case is situated in Caras Severin County. Every sediment transport model application is different both in terms of time and space scale, study objectives, required accuracy, allocated resources, background of the study team etc. For sediment transport modelling, it is necessary to know the characteristics of the sediment in the river bed. Therefore it is recommended to collect a number of bed sediment grap samples. These samples should be analyzed in terms of grain size distribution.To solve theoretical prob...