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When determining height differences by using trigonometric levelling method, some affecting values are present. Besides measuring imperfection due to instrumental imperfection and surveyorпїЅs errors, quality of the trigonometric levelling results also depends on following external affecting values: height difference between observed points, distance between observed points and temperature gradient (change of temperature with height) between observed points. Therefore, if the height difference is bigger, the influ...

1050 aluminum alloys are used in the conventional engineering applications where the increased corrosion resistance is required (e.g. automotive industries or construction, containers). Improving the corrosion resistance of 1050 aluminum alloy is an extensively studied topic. Different methods are applied to improve the corrosion resistance of 1050 aluminum alloy as: painting, waxing, zinc-chromate priming, thin layer of pure aluminum, coatings with a liquid protective solution, conversion coatings and also anodic...

In Banatului Plain area (western Romania) the grassland vegetation is represented by steppe and forest steppe. From the past, most of the land was cultivated and nowadays grasslands are present in the plain only in the vicinity of the inhabited area for the use of the grazing animals of the community during the vegetation season. Many times the steppe grasslands are characterised by an increased alkalinity of the soil that determinates the existence of the halophytic vegetation sward. The plain is mostly intensive...

In this article, the authors have analysed the influence of ultrasound, used in the quenching from the intercritical range (? + ?), on the volume fraction of martensite in the microstructure of a dual-phase steel with 0.087% C and 0.511% Mn. The ultrasonic oscillations, applied to the medium in which the quenching takes place, under the action of pressure and cavitation phenomenon, destroys and prevents the formation of vapor and gas films, thereby ensuring a more prolonged contact between the workpiece and the co...

Based on a comparative analysis of biomarker data of the bituminous of the rocks of different ages located near the Sarayli and Altunino-Shunak troughs, various sources of their formation are shown. It is established that disjunctive rocks in the development zone of the Sarailin trough serve as ways for lateral and vertical migration of hydrocarbons of the one degree of catagenetic maturity to places of productive deposits. In the case of the Altunino-Shunak trough, two types of hydrocarbons are observed, differin...

The work is devoted to consideration of the design of information and analytical support for the processing of heterogeneous geotechnical and geodynamic monitoring data. Based on the statistical analysis, the main problems were identified. They are leading to catastrophic consequences of karst dips and also affecting the quality of the forecast estimates. To increase the sensitivity of detection of the initial phase of destructive processes in the system "geological environment - engineering and technical object",...

Currently widely understood Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) has dominated most branches of the economy. Still, their potential has not been fully exploited. One of these areas where ICT is used to a limited extent is the management of complaints. The current problem in an era of rising expectations and requirements of customers or consumers is the way of collecting and processing large amount of data associated with manufactured products and services supplied. This analysis of data sets can provid...

The paper deals with possibilities of recovery methods of technical installations in brownfields. The paper refers to basic problems of regeneration of technical installations in brownfields, namely the identification of individual networks, their often diametrically opposed structurally-engineering states, possibly the effectiveness of approach to reconstruction. The paper offers possibilities how to access to the structures that often exceed their moral life and last but not least, the paper offers new progressi...

In the latest decades, wooden structures have known a significant revival in the context of sustainability challenges, considering the low-embedded energy, low carbon impact of this renewable resource. The employment of modern wood structures presents many economical advantages as well, from the availability and the low-cost of the material, to the ease of processing and construction. An important aspect is the energy-efficiency of the system in exploitation, when we consider life-cycle assessments. Light-frame co...

On the night of February 21st, 2010, the county road 724 that connects the Malu cu Flori-Pucheni village was destroyed by a violent landslide, isolating it. In a few hours the road, together with the electrical, phone and water systems were moved downstream 30m along 100 meters. The area has been known for more than 100 years as being affected by landslides, which have appeared immediately after massive deforestation, regularly engaging local roads, house hold settlements. After the sliding in 1970, a series of wo...

The principal tool used for the implementation of spatial policy in Polish communes is a local spatial management plan. It is an act of local law and its provisions are binding in respect of the purpose of land development and the way it is achieved, development conditions and localisation of public aim investments. All actions undertaken by the commune authorities must be carried out in a manner which is both socially and economically efficient, in compliance with the requirements of environmental protection. The...

The relevance of the research is conditioned by the need to develop the theory and practice of integral assessment of the state and emergent properties of complicated natural and social systems, with the use of modern methods of evaluation. The article deals with assessment of stability of the social-ecological-economic system (SEES), being its integrative (complex, emergent) property influencing the "quality of life" of the population. The authors, analyzing a regional SEES, characterize it by the ability to reta...

At present, scale control through chemical inhibition is the preferred method in oil recovery though the principle of chemical agent action is still considered complex and not fully understood. An important issue that needs to be addressed is associated with compatibility of techniques and their impact on the reservoir and borehole zone. Scale control solutions remove deposits effectively and inhibit their formation, reducing costs associated with scale cleanup and disposal, while helping increase production and p...

Environmental assessment is also the basis for the definition and management of ecological risk of anthropogenic load on the environment. The possible impact on the Bugsky estuary are presented and substantiated and solutions are proposed to reduce the anthropogenic impact on the waters of the estuary. The main element of risk analysis is to identify hazards that can lead to negative consequences. Purpose is a comparative analysis of the environmental status of surface waters on the basis of integrated indicators....

This paper deals with the first results coming from the research activity of the SECOSUD Phase II, called пїЅConservation and equitable use of biological diversity in the SADC region (Southern African Development Community) a project supported by the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs in the SADC [1]. The goal of this tiered study is to give an integrated view of three focus themes inside the area of Limpopo National Park, in Limpopo River Basin: groundwater, climate change, biodiversity. Limpopo National Park is...

The article presents our own solution of a monitoring information system developed on base of experience learned from completed projects. Information system integrates automated data collection by geodetic and non-geodetic sensors, and presentation of data through a web interface. The measuring part of the system supports data collection by multiple types of sensors. At present are pluggable leveling sensors (Leica DNA03, Leica Sprinter), GNSS sensors (Leica System 1200), 3D sensors (robotic total station Topcon G...

In accordance with the developed methodology for a comprehensive solution of issues of mineral deposits development in the Russian Arctic zone, a list of criteria has been established that allow evaluating the priority of nuclear power sources in solving problems of power supply to the Russian Arctic regions while developing the deposits and performing a ranking of the various reactor plants. The list is based on information technologies modeling objects, production and processing of raw material and geoecotechnol...

The authors have carried out uniaxial compression tests of 200 mm side cube specimens made of artificial layered geomaterial with the bedding angles of 0, 30, 45, 60 and 90 deg and with the different strength of the layers to study the process of deformation to failure using the multiparametric equipment designed for synchronous recording of physical fields of stresses, macrostrains, microseismic emission (MSE) and microstrains by speckle method. The integrated analyses of MSE signals, microstrains, stresses and s...

The paper analyses the waste management practice for the Arad County located in the western part of Romania. Together with Timis County it forms a prosperous region in Romania, attracting numerous foreign investors, especially because its proximity to the border. The transformations that led to the modernization of land in this county were radical and occurred unevenly. The main driving forces of resource consumption are economic growth, technological developments and changing consumption and production patterns. ...

As a result of increasing of urban population cities are currently facing a growing demand for space for residential, commercial, industrial or leisure use. Brownfield sites are very common in Romania, especially in big cities like Timisoara and in former industrial cities. Reusing brownfields is a way forward for the Romanian cities. There are many inspiring examples of brownfields regeneration in the EU, but every site is unique (including regulations, landowners, market attractiveness etc.) and all these partic...

The increasing development of all industries is a trend that affects us every day. We take this as a part of our lives. Intelligent buildings are trying to meet the high requirements of the population. The aim is to combine individual rooms and power systems and to simplify their operation. Each room in the building can be controlled independently without affecting the thermal comfort other people who were located in the building. Intelligent buildings combine architecture and aesthetics of the construction, safet...

The paper presents comparative studies aimed at reducing labor costs of Bond Ball Mill Work Index test (BWi) by using a number of alternative techniques. Methods of Ahmadi and Shahsavari, Berry and Bruse, Gharehgheshlagh, Horst and Bassarear, Kapur, Magdalinovich, a standard Bond test with feed sizing into limited size grades, and a standard Bond test with grain size analysis of subsamples of milled product were compared. Magdalinovich-Ahmadi and Kapur testing techniques were modified. The modified Magdalinovich-A...

Detecting and monitoring of coccolithophores blooms is increasingly important due to their significant role in ocean biogeochemistry and unique capacity for feedbacks to climate because of calcite carbon and DMS production and high reflectance. Application of remote sensing approach, based on dependence of water optical properties on coccolithophores/coccoliths abundance (particulate back scattering coefficient) , allows for tracing of coccolithophores dynamics at basin-wide scale enabling quantification of bloom ...

The increased requirements to the strength of products from glued wood, in particular to plywood are imposed at the modern wood processing factories. The data on the development of high-strength plywood materials with the use of new intensive technologies are presented in the article. For creation of high-strength plywood polarization is used in the course of production of plywood. Polarization was carried out by means of fixed electric field. It is revealed that process of polarization exerts positive impact on a...

In western Romania, respectively the lowland area of this region the main grassland habitats are steppe and forest steppe grassland. Most of the land from this region is arable, the grassland patches being scattered in variable surfaces near to the inhabited area. These are used mainly for grazing by the cattle and flocks of the community. Some small grassland surfaces are mown for hay. Most of the arable land is cultivated in an intensive manner, this agricultural practice influencing the biotope and biocoenose o...

Currently, the system of higher education is based on interdisciplinary relations established between the scientific disciplines of the natural sciences. The article covers issues related to improving the quality of environmental learning through the study of disciplines associated with pedology, ecology and geography of soils. The article justifies the significance of the courses dealing with pedology in teaching students to creative professional activities for solution of global and regional ecological problem w...

This paper presents the results of a complex investigation executed in Bucharest, Romania by both geotechnical and geophysical techniques. Soil structure has been explored through 20 geotechnical boreholes at maximum 60m depth, which provided hundred of soil samples. A comprehensive set of experimental data on subsoil from oedometer and direct shear tests are analyzed in order to determine the stiffness and strength parameters for cohesive soils. For sands and gravels, the stiffness and strength parameters derived...

Silver birch is economically important tree species in Latvia. Currently most of clearcuts in stands of this tree species are regenerated naturally, however, there is an increasing demand of birch plants. Around 5 mil. plants are produced in Latvia annualy, exceeding the amounts in other countries in the region. With a goal to intensity the forest management, while propagating only the best genotypes and reducing initial spacing in order to ensure large radial increment, recently testing of vegetatively propagated...

In this study the intra-site variations in climatic signal observed in tree rings of larch from the Polish Carpathian Mountains were analyzed. To identify the differences between tree-ring growth of particular trees within each of analyzed sites, the descriptive analysis, visualizations, Factor Analysis (FA), Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Independent Component Analysis were used. For evaluating observed differences the clustering methods (k-mean, EM, c-mean, Kohonen Artificial Neural Network) with ANOVA a...

Currently, in connection with the deterioration of the environmental conditions, the per-son experiences daily stress. There is a growing need to improve the immu-Niceta people in vitamins, microelements and biologically active substances. Traditional means of im-mune support due to the low efficiency pale into insignificance. Therefore, growing de-mand for environmentally safe products medicinal plant with a high content of vitamins and biologists-cally active substances such as Panax ginseng. Ginseng is known to...

A case study concerning a drystone retaining wall that failed during construction, is presented. The site geology, the materials and their geotechnical characteristics are documented and discussed. The detailed site investigation performed allowed to define three geotechnical units: 1 - anthropogenic deposits; 2 - quaternary alluvial and colluvial deposits; 3 - Neogene alluvial fan. The third geotechnical unit, the Neogene alluvial fan, is mainly composed by dense and very dense sands, showed the best geotechnical...

The present work aimed to investigation of influence molecular weight of chitosan, method of silver nanoparticles producing and immobilization, amount of cross-linking agent on antibacterial activity. Silver was incorporated in the matrix in two ways: 1 пїЅ by the recovery of silver ions from AgNO3 solution; 2 ? by addition to hydrogel the silver nanoparticles, obtained previously by microbiological synthesis. The molecular weight of chitosan shows strong influence on internal structure of matrices and on release ...

Selective collector "polyfunctional reagent" consisting a mixture of butyl xanthoenate, N-allyl-o-izobuthyl-tiono-karbamat (TC-1000) and aerofloat composition in a ratio of 1: 1: 2 was selected on the basis of comprehensive research. Their colloid-chemical properties (surface tension, adsorption at the water-air wetting) was studied. Also colloid-chemical properties and ability flotation of sulfide monominerals with the usage of basic and multifunctional flotation reagents was evaluated. Furthermore flotation of s...

The hydrocarbon migration in a porous rock after waterflooding is a complex process. Mathematical models were developed through years to simulate the fluid flow, but input data from experimental works are needed to calibrate equations and/or trends. Routine and special laboratory analysis and measurements allow to determine the crucial input parameters. Knowledge of mineralogy, porosity, permeability, capillary pressure and relative permeability helps the reservoir engineers to predict and manage the future oil re...

This paper presents a new approach to the evaluation of dynamic soil strength based on the hypothesis of discreteness of the deformation process - a method of self-excited vibration. This method was first discovered at the sandy soil shear test. The destruction of the soil is viewed as cyclical and consists of two phases: the static and dynamic. On static stage deformation is slow, with energy accumulation. In the dynamic there is a rapid discharge, accompanied by a sharp increase in strain. Self-excited vibration...

In this work, the organic silicon-based composites were obtained from resorcinol, formaldehyde, TEOS, N-(b-aminoethyl)-g-aminopropyl-trimethoxysilane (AEAPTES) as initial materials for carbon-silica composites producing. The solvent was acetone, those molar ratio to resorcinol varied in following: sample S1 ? 1:11; sample S2 ? 1:14 and sample S3 ? 1:19. Gels were prepared by one-stage method. The silica-organic gels were supper-critical dried. It was shown that the heat treatment of silica-organic gels allows gett...

Different species of plant aphids can be found in greenhouses worldwide, depending on the crop and climatic condition. Aphids may occur in large colonies on new growth, the base of buds, or the undersides of mature leaves. The aphids damage the plants directly by sucking plant sap from the plant tissues and indirectly as a vector of different plant viruses. The aim of this paper was to identify the most abundant aphid species causing damages to pepper cultivated in greenhouses. The two year experiment (2015 and 20...

Spatio-temporal distribution of pollutants in surface water bodies of the Baikal natural territory is shown on the example of the main inflow of the lake Baikal пїЅ the Selenga river. This is due to the fact that the transboundary Selenga river basin plays a very important role in socio-economic development, as well as in the formation and functioning of natural systems in a large part of Mongolia and the subject of the Russian Federation - the Republic of Buryatia. To assess the spatial-temporal distribution of p...

Tomato late blight (Phythophthora infestans), is among the most dangerous diseases of tomatoes grown in greenhouse conditions, but also in the open field. In Kosovo, this disease appears every year and poses a serious threat to tomato production in greenhouses. The purpose of this study was to investigate the spread of the disease in five tomato hybrids (Izmir, Amati, Shahmat, Jabuqar and Arigato) grown in greenhouse conditions. For these investigations, during vegetation period of 2015-2016 in a private greenhous...

The coal mining has been carried out coal mine since 150 years in the Turkey/Manisa-Soma. It has been determined that about 800 million tonnes of lignite reserves (ranging in calorific value from 2.500 to 4.500 kcal / kg). Turkey/Manisa-Soma-Karanlikdere underground lignite coal is one of the highest reserves in Turkey and having about 5300 kcal of energy with quality and enrichment. Coal is contains very clay and abundant fossils. Limestone, sandstone and claystone are also frequently found. As the coal goes from...

Our paper presents the newest results of bathymetric measurements and underwater objects investigation on the fragment of Narew river between Granary and Modlin Fortress. The historical fortress and the Granary founded by the Polish Bank are both well-known historical places in Poland. Archaeologists and historians are still analyzing the history of these buildings. The main objective of the work was to elaborate a bathymetric map and a database of underwater objects. The necessary data for elaborations was collec...

The study deals with the features of using surfactants during waterflooding of an oilsaturated porous medium in the pore-scale. As an example of the study, we use natural sandstone from Ash'alchinskoye oil-field. For calculations the digital image of this sample is received with high resolution X-ray computer tomography use. The mathematical modeling of multiphase flow in porous medium is made on the base of Lattice Boltzmann equations and Color-field model. Numerical experiments are held for different values of s...

Potatoes take up metals by absorbing them from contaminated soils, as well as from deposits on different parts of the vegetables exposed to the air from polluted environments. The content of Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd in potato tubers grown in different production sites of Vushtri, Kosovo was determined using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Experimental work was performed at the chemical laboratory of the Phytosanitary Corporation Sara & Meti, Kosovo, which is accredited according to ISO 17025. The results of this st...

Air pollution is a big problem of the last few decades due to aggression on human health, on all environmental components, generally on the natural or built environment.European directives on environment quality introduce the concept of modeling on quality of air ambient assessment and management, as a technique of measurement, calculation, prediction and assessment of the levels of pollutants.It is very important the role that the modeling pollutant dispersion has in the air quality assessment, while representing...

During the biomass densification can be recognized various technological variables and also material parameters which significantly influences the final solid biofuels quality. The paper deals with the experimental research of the relationship between technological variables and material parameters during densification of acacia wood sawdust. The main goal of presented experimental research is to determine the relationship between compression pressure, pressing temperature and raw material moisture content and par...

Topographic and topoisostatic reductions of gravity field measurements are important in geodesy and geophysics. Reductions filter high frequencies from gravity which are then used in geoid modelling or investigations of the EarthпїЅs structure. Practical computations of reductions are performed using digital elevation/bathymetric models as input data and some approximation scheme of the EarthпїЅs structure. The main parameters describing the EarthпїЅs structure are crustal, mantle and water density, density contra...

The paper describes the impact of factors which influence the buildingпїЅs energy consumption. Building constructions are important factor that influences total energy necessity for heating, where energetic efficiency presents way to better competition, since it decrease service costs. Building is greatest consumer of energy and here lies also potential of rationalization of energy costs. During quantification of energy savings there were used two methods: upside down пїЅ evaluation of savings through obligatory i...

With the rise of the Internet of Things (IoT) and technologies such as robotics, AI and Big Data, new regulatory frameworks are deployed in an age where data is the most important thing for any business. Internet of Things needs specific attention in the scope of, among others, the GDPR and the ePrivacy Regulation. Smart energy solutions and related systems like smart homes, smart cities are growing and stay the essential part of the whole ecosystem, that we use to optimize the energy consumption. At the same time...

Tonsteins are rocks which, due to their origin, mineral make-up and structure, are valuable petrographic benchmarks in the monotonously formed Carbon coal-bearing formation of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin in Poland. Mineralogical study of tonsteins is important with relation to learning more about their tuffogenic protolith. It can also serve as one of the criteria when differentiating tonstein horizons with a similar texture: structure, granulation, directions and intensity of transformations of the tuffogenic m...

The article presents data on the spatial distribution, concentrations and forms of the location and migration of iron in surface waters within the Russian territory of the Eastern Donbass. A map of the distribution of dissolved iron in the investigated territory is constructed. The areas with the highest levels of contamination with this metal have been identified. The tendency to decrease the level of total iron in the water in the direction of: small rivers of coal mining and processing areas, as well as storage...