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A comparative study on the zeolitization of coal fly ash from thermo-power plant “Maritsa 3” (Dimitrovgrad) with KOH and NaOH solutions of different concentrations has been made. The initial materials have been activ ated by application of “conventional” method of hydrothermal treatment at temperatures near 100 °C, atmosphere pressure and liquid/solid ratio of 10 ml.g -1. Three concentration levels for KOH and four concentration levels for NaOH have been used. The initial fly ashes and the obtained zeolit...

The aim to the research was to compare or thometric heights, de termined by real-time kinematic (RTK) Global Positioning System observations and local geoid models in Adana city, Turkey. GPS network had been established according to Large Scale Map and Map Information Production Regulations (LSM&MIPR) in Adana metropolitan city at 2008. In study field total area is 663.05 km2 451 stations which are 2 items Turkish National Fundamental GPS Network (TUTGA ) points, 6 stations graded by C1, 35 stations graded by C2 a...

The paper marks evaluation of existing me thodological tools for the formation of polymer composites, summarizes in brief the known technical designs and recent points of view for functioning of the old processi ng methods. Further, to make these systems usable in a practical working environment we will focus on the implementation of well- established utensils and ou tline possible new viewpoints for the modern revelations. Here, we will involve identified developments and routine utilizations, and will propose pr...

Application of GIS systems in Agriculture now adays is an essential tool for managing, monitoring and updating crops information in daily, monthly or annual basis. A review of number of OpenGeo products exposed worldwide shows that there have been major improvements in much functionality recently . The application of GIS systems in agriculture is also recommended by Eur opean Commission for countries which are being prepared to join European Union (LPIS, vineyard cadastre etc.). For the wine cultivation in Kosovo,...

Anthropogenic activities produce a lot of chem ical, physical and bi ological pollutants, which penetrate by different ways into environment and influence the living organisms and ecosystems negatively. In present it does not exist universal method for environmental risk assessment. Most countries use various procedures in field of risk analysis oriented to the specific problem solutions close connected with the chosen factors, which have negative influences on the individual environmental parts. The paper deals w...

The Romanian tourism aims to develop, togeth er with the integration in the EU, several criteria of recognition which might be essen tial on the internationa l market, regarding the quality of the services and the natural or cultural objectives available nowadays. One of its indubitable advantages, which attract constantly the vis itors attention, is represented by the eco-touristic potential. This domain is a fo rm of alternative tourism having a permanent development. In order to perceive it adequately, it is ne...

Orthorectification is main and specific photogrammetric task. Digital technologies allow generation of precise orthoimages, whic h are obtaining the pixel accuracy. The realization of this process requires usage of precise and adequate object model that is generated by usage of different data sources. They include irregular set of points created by survey measurements, digitized cartographic data, raster DEM obtained from stereo pairs, or from points’ cloud gathered by laser scanning. The main steps of orthorect...

The importance of understanding the protection of the environment has become an exceedingly important issue for the life of human beings. Interdependent economic relations and government regulations may s upport each other or may create conflicts. On the other hand, competition policy, indus trial hazards and products/services across national borders may foster the conflict about the environmental regulations. In this research, the funds organized by IMF and the policies created by IMF may help the regulation abou...

The primary requirement for landscape regeneration affected by mining in addition to restoration of functional use is also the permanent sustainability of landscape. The paper deals with the alternative po ssibilities of using redevelopm ent procedures for general restoration of the landscape, also principles of using spontaneous succession, managed succession, forest and non-forest reclamation (including the recovery of the residential areas) on the basis of ecological and land-technical values and potential of l...

The contribution focuses on the technological possibilities of large-capacity extraction, transport and stacking of loose material. It is based on the actual condition of the continuous-operation equipment deployed at large pit quarries. The technical and performance parameters of this equipment, well-tried in practice, were used for modelling the option of replacing it with discontinuous-operation equipment, which has unique performance parameters compared wi th European standards. The key objective is to compare...

Bangladesh faces a major challenge in supplying safe potable water to the most of her 160 million people. The drinking water in Ba ngladesh is largely sourced from hand- pump tubewells, which draw drinking water from shallow aquifer, which has been badly polluted with Arsenic in recent years. Although various methods have been proposed to solve this problem, an acceptable and sustainabl e solution is yet to be achieved. As an alternative, rainwater can be harvested and used to secure the safe potable water for Ban...

The engineering behavior of rock materials depends not only on stress state and stress history but also on the physical and chemical change of the rock materials due to weathering. Changes in index properties such as dry density void ratio, clay content and seismic velocity caused by weathering processes is representing strength and elastic properties of rock materials. The changes caused by weathering processes in rock material may be mainly considered under th e two topics; the mineralogical change and the physi...

The main purpose of studying detailed gravity data is to provide a better understanding of the geological layers and density of topographic masses. The gravity method is a relatively cheap and very efficient, especially by using airborne techniques. Measurements of gravity provide informati on about densities of the Earth subsurface. There is a wide range in density among rock types, and therefore geologists can make inferences about the distribution of mass density. In the case of gravity surveys by using airborn...

The vast territory of Bince region is loca ted in the Viti locality in the SW part of Kosovo, in between Kacaniku Gorge, Morava of Bince Valley and Zhegra Valley. It is characterized by a broad variety of lithology and numerous mineral showings of Cu, Pb, Zn and Fe. Geological setting: Paleozoic shale (Sbm), with marble and quartzite (M, Q), the series of Upper Cretaceous (Cr 2) flysch, Lower Oligocene (Ol 2) volcanogenic-sedimentary series, middle Miocene (M2) sediments, as well as by relatively widespread deposi...

Since 1999 the application of GIS in Kosovo ha s provided valuable results. All of this research was based on contemporary methodol ogy on space research with GIS. In this case, within the inventory of the flora of Kosovo, is explored Common oak (Quercus robur L.), taking into account its biological aspect and modern methods of research with GIS. GIS has enabled the analysis of sea le vel height with the help of Digital relief model (Digital Elevation Model-DEM), expositi on, angle of fall and the correlation of n...

Further to the global trend of using wastes as secondary resources, also in the Czech and Slovak Republic there is an emphasis on the new benefication of wastes in terms of their further utilization and recycling in technological processes. The utilization of wastes does not only broaden the raw material base, but it also helps to save the primary sources of minerals as well as there are lower costs of waste transport, dumping and disposal thanks to their complex utilization. The paper deals with the application o...

Feldspar ores occur usually together with quartz, micaceous minerals and some amount of coloured impurities. For fu rther utilization of feldspar is necessary to effectively remove colouring gangue minerals. The main me thod of feldspar ores treatment is froth flotation. In this paper the emphasis is put on efficiency of pH changes and varied dosages of flotation reagents in application of laboratory flotation.

Remote sensing is a useful tool for a ssessing, monitoring and conservation of groundwater with advantages of spatial and te mporal availability of data from the large and inaccessible areas. Hydroge ological characteristics of a region are derived by surface indicators-geological features, geomorphology, hydrology, vegetation, land use. The paper deals with geological element as a factor influencing the hydrological and hydrogeological processes in the basin and adjacent areas Dambovicioara. Complexity of data pr...

The soils in the study area Zemianske Kostolany were polluted with fly ash material after dam failure of the coal-ash pond (1965). Fly ash represents possible source of potentially toxic elements, because meteoric water or groundwater may percolate through and interact with the ash materials in soils, producing leachates that contain elevated levels of trace elements, in our case, arsenic. The main objective of this study was to assess the potential of arsenic releas e into the environment. Amount of released arse...

The Globigerina–bearing Tuffs and Marls are deposits included in the Slanic Molasse. Several formations can be separated within these deposits some of the units maintaining remarkable lithofacial consistency, so that they can be recognized in the entire out – cropping area of the Carpathian Molasse. Th e Globigerina–bearing Tuffs and Marls has been described and separated by V. Marutiu under the name of the “Slanic Tuff”[1] . The most spectacular exposures of this formation occur at Piatra Verde near Sla...

The paper deals with the issue of separating biodegradable PLA (polylactic acid) bottles from conventionally used packaging materials such as PET (polyethylene terephthalate). The separation of these materials is especially important because each of the plastics has a different cycle at the end of its secondary use. Recycling PET bottles the quality of the granulate may be degraded due to the occurrence of PLA material, while the occurrence of PET is undesirable during composting the biodegradable plastics PLA as ...

The objective of the work was a laboratory examination of biodegradation of sewage sludge from the Central Wastewater Treatment Plant (ГљДЊ OV) in Ostrava, which had undergone physical pre-treatment by means of a spark discharge or UV radiation. The laboratory tests made use of a bacterial mixture of Rhodococcus sp. and Pseudomonas putida.

The issues in assurance of energy sufficiency and of environment quality are necessary part of scientific prognosis humanity evolution. The buildings belong to major consumer non-renewable energy and are emitter of greenhouse gases and other gaseous wastes during whole life cycle. The CO 2 emissions mostly come from the energy required to heat, cool and ve ntilate buildings. There are al so significant emissions from creating the materials to build, maintain and demolish buildings. Climatic changes, increased poll...

PIC has been started to be used widely in the field of industry and industrial electronics. To the effect that, in place of highly complex systems such as relay contractor, timer, etc, can be controlled by this microcontroller which consists of all. Within the context of this design, broad information is given on pneumatic component which has a major place on automation industry and PIC. In this presentation, information is given on Pneumatic carrier system and components. In addition to this, step motors, their s...

Post collisional volcanic rocks cover large areas in the east of the Biga peninsula, which is located in the NW Anatolian magmatic belt along the southern margin of Marmara Sea. These volcanic units span a compositional range from calc-akaline (i.e. andesite, dacite, and rhyodacite to rhyo lite), to alkaline (olivine basa lts) lavas. All rock units display coherent variation trends on the major and trace element Harker diagrams. Cenozoic volcanic sequences exposed in the east of Biga are divided into three volcano...

The research done by the climatology specialists of the National Meteorology Administration, using long stri ngs of data collected from 14 meteorological stations, showed, on a national level, an average temperature rise of 0.3В°C between 1901 and 2000 and of 0.5В°C between 1901 and 2007, which is statistically relevant in the Carpathian region, with certain seasonal os cillations. The data analysis done with the help of the archives gathered from a la rge number of meteorol ogical stations (94), consisting of con...

Organic contaminants such as total pe troleum hydrocarbons, including aliphatic hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon s and BTEX are recognized as one of the predominant pollutants within Romanian contaminated sites. This study presents a set of experiments for the remediation of a soil contaminated accidentally with petroleum products conducted in slurry-type batch systems, designed to establish the best remediation approach. The experime ntal variants consisted in biological remediation (natural attenuat...

Urgent task of energy policy in the near term, in addition to diversification will encourage vigorous national economy, reducing dependence on natural gas and both demand-side measures (in the energy supply of buildings are mainly to improve the thermal protection) by measures on the production, transmi ssion and distribution (increasing efficiency of energy transforma tion and increasing the share of renewable energy at the expense of natural gas).Natural gas can be easily replaced in the supply heat buildings, a...

Mining and Metallurgy Institute in Bor, Se rbia, has successfully dealt for many years with processing of precious metals. Platinum and palladium have originated from the raw materials of the Bor deposit. By furt her refining in the Institute, the mentioned platinum metals are transformed into high-pu rity metals of which products for various purposes are manufactured. This paper presents the results of comparativ e analysis the high temperature strength of platinum and palladium. The limit of tensile strength as ...

With climate change in recent years, tourists, whether foreign or domestic would prefer to assess the danger associated to some locations they visit. In this paper the analysis of temperature was preferred, because it represents the most accessible type of data for long periods, and for statistical analysis. The studied region, the Eastern Carpathians is considered as one of the coldest part of Romania, but also a touristically attractive region. We selected for analysis three majo r basins (Giurgeu, Ciuc, Intorsu...

The process of Environmental impact assessmen t (EIA) is successfully applied as a tool for environmental planning and environmental policy in many countries worldwide. It is generally accepted that the environment has three inter-dependent components: economic, socio-political and natural. C onsequently, integrated environmental assessment and management coupled with su stainable development is critical, and in order to achieve this goal, effective guidelines and implementable legislation are necessary. EIA legis...

In 2010, in Romania, was made measurements of declination, inclination and total magnetic field. First of all we analyzed differences between the data measured by us and IGRF 11 (International Geomagnetic Reference Field 11). After the general view of vertical geomagne tic field anomaly in Romania resulted from measurement in 2010 with the comparison of the IGRF 11, in the end we show a study in the Bacau area (about 600 km2).

This paper aims at studying some complex coagulants derived from the medium anionic polymer and medium cationic surfactant in order to evaluate the opportunity to use them in destabilizing and removing th e colloidal systems from water and wastewater. In this respect, medium anionic copolymers of acrylamide and sodium acrylate with commercial Preastol 2540, and a medium cationic surfactant derived from triethanolamine with commercial name of Tetranyl AT-7590 were used in order to obtain these complex coagulants. T...

The hydrometallurgical process for obtaini ng alumina by Bayer process bauxite is getting significant amounts of red mud (0.8 - 2 t / t Al 2O3). It is deposited in dumps which can cause danger for environment mainly due to the alkali content ( pH = 8-13) and small dimensisons of particles (less than 60 microns). Chemical and mineralogical composition of red mud bauxite is closely related to type of the bauxite used as raw material and processing conditions determined by some peculiarities of applied technology (pr...

Tourism has vital importance for Turkish eco nomy as in other countries. Province of Antalya is one the most lively cities in Turkey in the context of tourism. Historical and cultural heritages must be officially registered and prevented from destructive effects of time. In this study, Manavgat district of Anta lya has been chosen as application area. Historical data determined by the Museum of Side and data not in official records have been gathered by literatu re scanning. Officially unregistered data was coordi...

Here we try to find a compromise way of controlling a continuous variable power system by adopting a hybrid architecture in which the renewable energy sources are coupled with the classic power grid. In such an architecture, a big issue is the control algorithm for management of the energy sources, which had to be designed in such a way that the final consumer remain powered on at all times. We proposed a control algorithm which compares the input and output powers, if the input power is lower than the output, the...

Vocabulary selection for training purposes is one of the most significant and difficult factors because the program developer has to select the set of words relevant for the aims of the course. Selected vocabulary should ensure the development of speech abilities and skills within certain number of academic hours. Internationalism are helpful for demonstrating and testing pronunciation rules in the language since it is always a pleasure for a trainee to work on pronunciation words that he understands. We can use t...

The Dardanian zone (Serbian-Macedonian massif) represents the western part of the Rhodope crystalline basement. This zone was structured and metamorphosed during the Hercynian and post Hercynian tectonic st ages. The geological mapping at 1:25.000 [1] show that a of the studied region is built of crystalline Pale ozoic basement. The important aspects have been identified in the structure and metamorphism from this part of western Rhodopes. The study of the deformed Variscian and Hercynian tectonic phases are diffi...

A database of average monthly air temperat ure and atmospheric precipitation has been created for seven meteorological stations for the period between 1936 and 2009. It was used to study current trends of climate change in the Kazbegi area, a mountain region in the Greater Caucasus. Changes in temper ature and precipitation are described by circular regression equations and rates of these changes are identified.

The calibration baseline of the Faculty of Geode sy, University of Zagreb, is the longest calibration baseline in the world numbering altogether 25 pillars. It was built in 1982 for the purpose of testing and calibrating the electro-optical distance meters, and today even GNSS instruments can be tested there. Th is calibration baseline provided a mutual standard scale for the calibration of instruments at the distance up to 3100 m in the Republic of Croatia and wider region. In this paper the determination of coor...

The crude-oil import and pipeline- related pumping activities date since 1967, when the ship Marianne III delivered th e first “black gold” shipping to Constanta harbor. Due to the petroleum products growth and the development of the petrochemical industry, it has been decided to import and transport crude oil through pipe lines. This paper presenting the Management of the environmental scheme in the Roumanian Oil Transporting Pipeline based to long experience (20 years to working in the environmental protecti...

Tourist trails are of great importance for mountain tourism and in recent years their situation came to the fore again in Romania too. Is typical of today’s tourists that they want to know more and more data regarding their destination, they want to visualize in a virtual world their selected places. Theref ore, a self-made analysis software were designed with the aim to determine the foll owing parameters: tota l length, rising and descending length over a given limit, mi nimum and maximum height, maximum eleva...

Increasing population, urban development, i ndustrial and agricultural needs, gradually warming the Earth and increasing droughts have been caused of reduction of consumable water and the need for rich resources of underground water has been more than before. Arak as a fourth pole of the industry in the Iran country has especial dependence on Aman Abad region underground water resources, so the study in this area for underground water exploitation and control of resources have great importance , that most of these...

Diagenesis and geochemistry of three selected and well exposed outcrops of Qamchuqa Formation (Early Cretaceous) at Kurdistan Region northeastern Iraq were examined. Lithologically this formation is mainly composed of dolomite, and limestone beds. Petrographic study of the Qamchuqa Formation reveals that the skeletal and some non- skeletal grains within the limestone a nd dolomitic limestone beds are the main components of this formation. Micritizati on, cementation, neom orphism, compaction, dissolution and dolom...

In Poland the closed shafts were filled up in the past years with th e rock material with very different backgrounds and properties. The effect of flooding the shallow, old mining areas, as well as the impact of water infiltrating from the surface, are observed on the surface as subsidence funnel and discontinuous crack. Using the geophysical surveys, numerical modeling, geologic al and hydrogeologi cal studied, some possibilities for diagnosis of hazards in abandoned coal mines areas are shown. In the context of ...

Ground water, according to higher reliance coefficient and less fluctuations, has been used for many years. Precipitation is a major supplier of underground water resources and aquifers. So any changes in rainfall amount fluctuate underground water table depth. Occurrence of drought is the most important reason for the decrease of water table. To analyze the role of drought on underground water in Shahrekord plain rainfall and water table level were used during 1984-2008 period. The resualts shows a strong correla...

To study the distribution and repetition of droughts, an ar chive of droughts has been created in eastern Georgia for 19 meteorol ogical stations for the vegetation period between 1961 and 2008. It has been eval uated geographic and meteorological conditions of droughts formation: conditions of humidity, temperature background, hydrothermal regime of soils. It has been studied the territorial distribution and probability of dry months, repetition of drought s within a season and a month, severe and ultra-severe dr...

Slovakia, as well as other member states of the EU is obligated to achieve till 2020 rate of energy from renewable energy sources at the level of national goal of the country that is in our case 14%. In every state given duty is going about individually according condition of the country. In this sense there has been accepted at the Slovakia law n.309/2009 about support of the renewable energy sources and combined electric energy and heat production. Further frame for support of renewable energy sources is annual ...

Repeated application of phosphorus (P) fert ilizer in soils, in excess of crop removal rates, may increase the concentration of P in soil solution and conse quently the transfer of soluble P to streams. Excess P in natura l aquatic systems can promote eutrophication of lakes and rivers. The application of calcareous sorbent in the adsorptive removal of P from soil solution could be a suitable technique. The objective of the experiment is to evaluate the sorption of P in a marginal coarse-textured soil (pH 5.5) ame...

The phytoavailability of aluminum (Al) in Al-ri ch acid podzolic soils is of particular concern in many Quebec agricultural areas due to its toxic effect on plant growth. Liming materials may mitigate Al phytoavaila bility and toxicity depending on Al pool and plant part, respectively. Our objective was to determ ine the effect of dolomitic limestone on the distribution of Al species in soil and to evaluate the uptake and distribution of Al in the different parts of maize ( Zea mays L.). Maize was grown in 40- cm ...