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In the placers of the south-eastern boundary of the Lyapin megaanticlinorium at the Subpolar Urals for the first time the relation of native gold with bismuth and telluride minerals was reliably established. The placer area is located within the Lower Proterozoic and Riphean metamorphic rocks. Directly in the placers Bi-tellurosulphides, tellurides and sulphosalts (tetradimite, joseite-B, joseite-A, tsumoite, hedleyite, cosalite), native bismuth, native silver, maldonite are determined together with gold in large ...

Proper estimation of geomechanical parameters of the shale gas reservoir has a crucial influence on the stimulation treatments designing and therefore on hydrocarbon production from unconventional reservoir. The brittleness is the most commonly used parameter for locating the geomechanical hotspots in the reservoir. This parameter can be estimated using elastic, dynamic rock properties such as Poisson Ratio and Young Modulus obtained from sonic logs. The seismic waves velocities recorded by the sonic logging tool ...

It is well known that the Russian North is rich in hydrocarbon resources, and oil production there requires long transporting pipelines. We studied geological and other natural risks associated with the project of construction of oil pipeline from South Bagan field, Komi Republic. To evaluate the risks we put into geographic information system (GIS) topographic maps as well as drilling data, remote sensing and own field survey materials. It is the system-morphological approach by A. Lastochkin that was used as a m...

The paper presents three natural reserves in Romania: Dumbrava Vad nature reserve known as the Daffodil Meadow - Brasov County, is considered the largest reserve of this kind in Europe. Daffodil Meadow Negrileasa пїЅ Alba Country and Daffodil Meadow Negra?i - Arges County. For accomplishing the objectives of this paper were been created maps using Program ArcMap 10.1. The maps play a role to present the characteristics of the area in terms of geomorphology. The aim maps is to present this natural reserves in terms...

Risk assessment includes quantitative estimation of damage to a linear engineering structure by exogenous geological processes. Remote sensing data processing using the mathematical morphology of landscape seems to be a promising approach of exogenous hazard risk assessment for linear structures, this issue is examined taking thermokarst plains as an example. The mathematical models of landscape morphological patterns for thermokarst lacustrine plains and thermokarst plains with fluvial erosion is a base of the su...

The present study aims an integrated risk analysis of existing or potential natural constituting a direct or indirect threat on the analyzed geographical area. These regularly processes cause lately extreme and significant disturbances in the primary and significant damage system components in various fields of economic and social life. With an inventory of all these dangerous phenomena may be proposed at local government levels, a series of joint measures on mitigation and combating the effects induced by natural...

One of the main objectives in real-time assessment of seismic hazard is the development of algorithms for rapid estimation of the seismic source parameters (fault planes solutions). The objective of this work is to test and implement new methodologies in the National Institute for Earth Physics (NIEP) for near real time estimation of fault planes solutions taking the advantage of the spatial density of the Seismic Network in seismically active zones ( 120 seismic stations used in real time) and the full range of t...

Network methods were used for the first time to plan and control maintenance works on a chemical apparatus installation in the United States in 1956. These were simple methods improving project management. The development of the network structures would not have been possible without the technological progress which has been taking place over the last half a century. Complicated networks can be programmed during a short period of time thanks to high computing power. Network models can be currently used for the sim...

An ecosystem cannot be fully and effectively described simply by simple mathematical rules. Sustainability is difficult to define or measure because it is inherently vague and complex. This paper presents a neuro-fuzzy model, which uses data from different parameters to monitor and assess a certain ecosystem. If classic mathematical methods cannot provide solutions of uncertain data and treating vague situations, a possible solution to represent these conditions may be the use of neuro-fuzzy approach. Therefore, a...

An important aspect of the management of territories is the possibility of constructing models describing the behavior of the territory (managed system), which predict the response to control action. The processes of territory management and organizational systems closely links with the concept of damages (risks). When we talk about geo-processing management, we use the concept of пїЅgeo-hazardsпїЅ. The work is devoted to the problems of applying the classical theories to new problems: the description of the behav...

Over the last decades, deep drilling technology expanded fast. Newly created progressive technologies improved quality of drilling work and speeded-up the drilling process. Currently, 75-80 % drilling methods used world-wide are traditional, while 20- 25 % are new techniques. Slovakia is a little behind this trend: our utilization ration shows 95-98 % traditional drilling methods, compared to only 2-5 % new ones. Together with development of new deep-well boring technologies, new types of drilling sets for deep dr...

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate of the Ni?de Fault zone, which passes through the city of Ni?de. The study area located in the south and eastern part of the Ni?de Province, and crops out different types of geological units from Paleozoic to Cenozoic in that vicinity. These units are, from old to young, metamorphic rocks, which is known as Ni?de Massif composed of GпїЅmпїЅ?ler, Kaleboynu, A??gedi?i formations, пїЅпїЅkap?l? granodiorite (Paleozoic to Mesozoic), K?z?lkaya Ignimbrite (Upper Miocene to...

The potentially toxic genus Pseudo-nitzschia H.Peragallo, 1900 is common for the phytoplankton community in the Bulgarian part of the Black Sea often proliferating to bloom densities. The highly similar morphological features hamper the precise species discrimination by light microscopy and an accurate identification requires the application of more sophisticated methods. In this study we used genus specific large subunits ribosomal DNA (LSU rDNA) primer pair in order to elucidate the species diversity within Pseu...

Climate change is one of the greatest global challenges of the 21st century and has manifested itself over the past few decades through extreme weather conditions, rising sea levels, and through oscillating temperatures and precipitation regimes. While temperature and precipitation data are available on a daily basis, precipitation data are more susceptible to measurement errors, have a lower spatial representation and are asymmetrically distributed. While previous studies on precipitation changes have predominant...

Great problem of mechanical hard rock mining is low durability of mining tools. In Department of Mining, Dressing and Transport Machines, AGH UST in Cracow new solutions of mining tools and their holders were developed. In paper, a special tool to replace traditional rotary pick (so called crown-shaped pick), new lubricated holder for rotary-tangential picks, asymmetrical disc cutters, results of laboratory, field and industrial tests were described. Crown-shaped pick has the same type of handle as standard soluti...

The paper refers to an experimental program aimed at evaluating the characteristics of masonry, with the objective of developing an innovative system for masonry, destined to be used for facades and envelopes. The purpose was to develop new masonry elements with good performance at thermal transmittance and good behavior at noise, fire and durability. Technical and economic feasibility of the masonry prototype systems was validated by experimental tests, according to European standards. The strategy for the develo...

The acceleration and deceleration periods during each race of a vertical transport installation may be considered as periods of transitional processes where kinematics and dynamic measures variations take place (acceleration, speed and forces) as well as some electric measures (actuating motorпїЅs current). Considering T as the duration of the process, for the minimisation of the installed power, the minimisation of the energy dissipated in the system is imposed during the transitional period: ? ? ? ? ? ? T 2 1 0 ...

The investigation of the fault tectonics in the Kovdor carbonatite intrusion (NW Russia) has resulted in the identification of a new brittle deformations type. It is formed due to the simultaneous turn of fissure planes at discrete angles around two orthogonal guiding lines (axes), where one is represented by a vertical massif symmetry axis (L1), and the other axis (L2) lies horizontally in the fracture plane. Nonetheless, the rotation along the both axes is codirectional, i.e., when moving counterclockwise around...

The work is devoted to the West Siberian sedimentary basin Bazhenov formation (or Bazhenov shale) пїЅ a unique oil-generating and oil-bearing geological formation. Bazhenov shale is an analog of the known shale oil deposits: Bakken, Eagle Ford and Monterrey (USA). Geological and geophysical exploration of bazhenites is an important problem today, which is connected with development of new methods and technologies of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs exploitation. The work is devoted to physical and chemical pr...

The article deals with the non-anthropocentric background in architecture design. The whole process of designing the experimental bird observatory - Duna - was used as the case study. This is a public bird observatory in the Bratislava agglomeration recreation area. When selecting the final concept, which continued with the stage of architectural study and the implementation project until project realization, an issue of quality arose, which should have been decisive for the design. The suppression of the establis...

This paper presents the dynamic investigations on the response of important building from Craiova, the University of Craiova. This building was affected by the major seismic motion from March 1977, 1986 and 1990. The processing of the data obtained through this investigation gives important conclusions on the influence of the major seismic movements of a specific type of structure. The main degradation of the structure was observed using noninvasive testing. This building with high importance was tested using dyna...

The relief, as genetic factor and пїЅsupportпїЅ on which the grassland areas are engrafted on, may be equally considered the major decisive element for vegetationпїЅs type, aspect and consistency, through altitude, slope and orientation. This study will highlight the influence exerted on grassland areas by relief factors, in mountain and sub-mountain regions, and subsequently it will determine the differentiated landscaping пїЅnormsпїЅ in concordance with the singularity of each analyzed sector. The grassland asse...

The flourishing of the family Orthidae (class Rhynchonellata, order Orthida) was happening in the first half of the Ordovician, the stage known in the literature as the Great Ordovician Diversification. The problem of the establishment of the Biodiversity centers is one of the dominant problems of modern Evolution Biogeography. At the present time, there are not common criterions for the determination of biodiversity's center in spite of the unanimous acknowledgement of the existence of local speciation's regions....

Compact fuel processors based on steam reforming process using natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and biogas have been developed for over a decade in order to offer the fuel gas (hydrogen) into the combined heat and power (CHP) fuel cell systems for cogeneration of electricity and heat. Numerical modelling of a steam reforming reactor described by fully coupled mass, energy and flow equations was developed in this paper by using the Finite Element Method (FEM) based Comsol Multiphysics software version 5.2...

The article deals with the geotechnical calculations of the interaction of reinforced concrete storage boxes with subsoil at different loading states. From the numerical method point of view, this problem is solved by deformation variant of the finite element method. Defined the load states take into account the gradual filling of storage boxes with low and intermediate radioactive waste and final coverage of the storage boxes. More detailed are analyzed the results of the numerical calculations of vertical displa...

The present step brings forward a series of calculation methods for the parameters of the anchored support, their number being therefore the expression of the difficulty when describing the phenomena which occur during the interactive cooperation between the anchors and the surrounding rock. The methods used the most by European mining are the analytical methods (the Bieniawski method, the self-supporting beam method and the method of the interaction between the massive rock пїЅ anchor пїЅ time) and the numerical ...

Productivity of geothermal reservoirs is often limited by capability of injection wells due to clogging of near-filter zone or increased viscosity of cooled waters. Especially for highly saline reservoirs, injection of cooled waters to water-bearing formation is often the only way of their disposal. In turn, this phenomena has little importance in case of low-mineralized waters. However, several water-treatment procedures can be used to recover valuable minerals, thus producing diluted water and salt concentrate. ...

Innovative aerobic granular sludge (AGS) technology has proved its ability to remove organic pollutants and nutrients from wastewater treatment at the same efficiency, but at a lower costs than conventional biological process. This technology has been successfully applied in sequencing batch reactor (SBR) configuration. An experimental model bioreactor was designed for adapting the AGS technology to continuous flow conditions. This paper presents numerical results for hydrodynamics and air dispersion into bioreact...

Development of numerical methods allows on much more better examination of changes in foundation-soil interaction. However, there are still some areas which require more analysis and discussion, because results of simulations on are often divergent to the field tests. One of these problems is numerical modeling of displacement pile installation and proper consideration of its influence on surrounding soil. Application a simple FEM model can be not sufficient, by its limited application in changes of soil considera...

Most of researchers explain that shallow tunnels suffer higher damage compared to deep structures. Many numerical analyses were carried out in order to verify and compare the stresses, forces and bending moments acting on tunnel lining according with the seismic design. After tunnel modelling in MIDAS GTS NX to investigate the tunnel simulation in order to highlight the effect of static and dynamic load on the behaviour of tunnel lining for different cases and calculated the value of each mesh node based on 3D fin...

The paper presents numerical modelling results for ventilating a blind excavation, if there is a leakage into a failure zone. The leakage value of air seeping through the failure zone (binomial law of resistance) was estimated by a formula describing in-situ tests results at the Kola Peninsula mines. The blind excavation ventilation process was simulated based on a previously developed two-stage methodical approach: 1st stage пїЅ calculation of aerodynamics with applying a standard ?k ?? ? -turbulence model; 2nd s...

This study deal with numerical investigation of river sea interaction. River mouth modelling is one of the most complex problem in coastal engineering because of meteorological and oceanographic uncertainties. Although river-sea interaction has been complex problem, these areas have significant importance for human life such as dense population near this places, environmental importance, transportation etc. During the riverпїЅsea interaction numerical modelling just one defined or steady condition modelling is nev...

Linear programming problems are optimization problems where the objective function and constraints are all linear. Mathematica has a collection of algorithms for solving linear optimization problems with real variables, accessed via LinearProgramming, FindMinimum, FindMaximum, NMinimize, NMaximize, Minimize, and Maximize. LinearProgramming gives direct access to linear program- ming algorithms, provides the most flexibility for specifying the methods used, and is the most efficient for large-scale problems. FindMi...

Fruit juices are consumed worldwide, not only for their flavour, taste, and freshness, but also due to their beneficial health effects when are consumed regularly. Being relevant sources of vitamins, minerals and polyphenolic compounds many people are becoming aware of the importance of consuming them in their daily diet. The citrus juices, lemon, lime and grapefruit juice is the most appreciated and used because of its flavour and high content of vitamin C. The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare som...

The dynamic development of material and chemical engineering as well as physical analytical methods allows the use of new materials for the production of drilling muds. This is especially important because drilling works are conducted in increasingly difficult geological and technological conditions. The present analyses concentrate on the development and elaboration of recipes of drilling fluids with organophilic nanomaterials. One of the most frequently applied nanomaterials referred to in patents registered by ...

Eco-grammar systems represent grammar systems which were motivated by the behaviour of ecosystems. They were introduced in 1994 in order to describe evolving environment and community of agents together with the interplay among them. Positioned eco-grammar systems (PEG systems, for short) were introduced in our previous paper as a variant of the eco-grammar systems. Motivation for introducing the PEG systems and its main difference from the original eco-grammar systems is that we focus on the embodiment of the age...

Design of a structure together with monitoring the structural response to dynamic loads (seismic and hydrodynamic), fatigue aging, the possibility of successive degradation, resilience respective vulnerability are strongly influenced by the chosen calculus model, and a laborious probabilistic calculation. For particular case of offshore structures this implies the connection between the actions of the environment: wave histograms, wind action, foundation collapse, structure, technological activities and so on. Als...

The article presents the materials of long-term research conducted from 2004, in the mouth area of the Northern Dvina River. The program of researches included determination of concentrations of mercury in the water, covering about 150 km of the river length. We also analyzed such parameters of water as pH, Eh, oxygen content, salinity. A long observation period allowed us to trace the peculiarities of the changes of mercury content in water, which was the aim of the present work. Previously the authors determined...

The Danube Delta dynamics formation and expansion represent the motivation of the study included in this paper. The results of soil studies made possible to develop the Danube Delta genesis maps [7]. That informationпїЅs are the input data and the validation data for the numerical flow studies of the Danube River. The study of the formation of new territories has been developed by the Computational Fluid Dynamics (C.F.D.) method. There were modelled in three dimensions the maps for Danube River Basin flowing into ...

Developing lipid products with colloidal structurally and functionally modified properties, others than the starting base, playing a structural role in the integrated product and the role of mycelia carriers to ensure a health status is relatively recent and it is the result of accepting the idea that foods play a determining role in the prophylactics and therapy of certain conditions. The paper approaches two main aspects: 1 пїЅ methods of modifying lipids (simple stir, hydrogenation, interesterification, fractio...

The energy sector is an essential component in any nationпїЅs economy and well-being. The security and safety of any energy grid system is nowadays a strongpoint in mid and long term strategies when it comes to national development. Safety and security of energy supply is a multicomponent factor that includes: power generation systems, power transport and distribution systems and consumer management. The power generation units in Romania are very complex and they include different sources like coal, gas, nuclear, ...

Reliability of a concrete pipe culvert was tested under rail and embankment loads. In the finite element model soil-structure interaction and nonlinear behavior of the materials were taken into account. After a preliminary study three influential variables as random were selected for presented approach to probabilistic model, i.e. concrete strength, soil density and its modulus of elasticity. Because various concrete parameters can be easily derived from the compressive strength only this parameter was selected fo...

The emergence and development of the internal combustion engine began in the 18-th century in England. But the first patent for a piston engine with compression ignition was achieved by Rudolf Diesel in year 1892 [1]. The engine use coal powder as fuel. The most used vegetable oil as a fuel and peanut oil. In the year 1859 in Pennsylvania was first released at the amount of crude oil that has been refined for kerosene and gasoline. Because a large quantity of by-products remained unused, Rudolf Diesel using a frac...

Countries that largely base their production of electricity and thermal on coal, are exposed to a significant burden of the environment, mainly through the emission of harmful substances into the environment, including the production of large quantities of solid waste: including fly ashes, slags, ash, slag mixes etc. However, the waste generated in combustion processes does not have to be a burden to the environment. Due to the changes in legal regulations they may become a by-product (i.e. Coal Combustion Product...

Costs in mining and extractive enterprises is a critical factor for competitiveness. The reason is enormously expensive equipment and technology associated with this type of business. It is therefore necessary to identify the so-called critical cost type, not only in enterprise but also in the entire industry of the country. Slovak Republic, calculated on an area, belong to one of the world's mining superpowers and take leading positions in mining of selected types of raw materials [6]. Mineral resources are the b...

Lots of modern heat supply systems were designed and constructed many years ago, but used today with low efficiency. The task of optimization of heat supply systems to increase the efficiency of such systems is related with high capital expenses of such process, but also with high mutual integration of heat supply systems with other infrastructure objects. In this regard the heat supply organizations are faced with a task of optimization of the efficiency indicators of functioning heat supply systems with minimal ...

Renewable energy is playing an important role in the development of any modern country. Numerous renewable energy sources are now harvested on a large scale with the main purpose to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions and diminish the use of fossil fuels. European Union member states agreed to achieve important quotas of renewable energy in their consumption until 2020 in energy and in transportation. Romania has the legislation aligned with the EU directives, therefore the government has issued specific legislati...

The scientific paper deals with the multi-criterion optimization of the teeth that are used on the buckets of bucket wheel excavators. From past theory and practice, it is known that geometry of the tooth greatly influences the cutting parameters and the endurance and the strength of the tooth itself. The dependencies between the cutting forces, the penetrating forces, the specific energy on the rake angle and the relation between this last one and the robustness of the tooth are somewhat contradictory, so in the ...

The aim of the article was to present the possibilities of logistic solutions of management system of mixed waste and segregated waste that can be one coherent system or two parallel systems. The authors of the article attempted to optimize the transport of various waste fractions from their origins and collection to recycling and storage sites. The assumptions and limitations of adopted systems as well as conclusions are presented. Sustainable waste management should follow the hierarchy: waste prevention, reuse ...

Alkylphenols (APs) are toxic, xenobiotic substances classified as endocrine disruptors, which have a negative effect on the hormonal system of many organisms including humans. APs are among the ubiquitous environmental contaminants and are frequent contaminants in wastewater. Alkylphenols are starting materials for the production of many surfactants and antioxidant stabilizers used in commercial products like detergents, plastics and textiles. They are used in the synthesis of alkylphenol ethoxylates (APEs) and ar...