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The subject of the effectiveness of innovative processes and identifying its determinants and measurement is crucial for both researchers and practitioners. Innovative processes, due to the high amount of resources involved and the level of risk, should be prepared adequately from the perspective of the procedure of innovative activities and monitoring their effects. The effectiveness category includes not only economic, but also non-economic values. The aim of the article is to present the problem of measuring th...

The subject of study was spatial analysis of transmission of visible light in water column of two deep suburban lakes during peak of summer. In vertical profiles of lakes correlations between transmission of blue/green light, photosynthetic active radiation (or PAR), temperature and oxygen content, chlorophyll a and physico-chemical features of water were analysed. Apparent and true depth of photic zone was investigated. The hypothesis was that vertical changeability of PAR limitation/transmission may be used as a...

The Cetina River is situated in the Dinaric karst area of Croatia. It is a valuable ecological resource because of the existence of numerous rare ecosystems and landscapes. On the other hand, the water is used for drinking purpose, electricity production, industry and irrigation, so the quantity and quality of water is influenced by human impacts. During the period between 1960 and 1985, five hydropower plants were built, which strongly influenced natural regime of the river and the whole area. This paper presents...

Rapeseed, one of the most important crops in the world, gained importance due to the use for food or industrial purposes. For obtaining high yields it is important to consider its requirements related to fertilization. The research was carried out in Ialomita County during the agricultural year 2015-2016, on cambic chernozem using two mid-early rapeseed hybrids: PR44DO6 and Harnas. The objectives of the research consisted in evaluation of the influence of mineral fertilization and hybrid on: rapeseed yield, averag...

Rapeseed, one of the most important crops in the world, gained importance due to the use for food or industrial purposes. For obtaining high yields it is important to consider its requirements related to fertilization. The research was carried out in Ialomita County during the agricultural year 2015-2016, on cambic chernozem using two mid-early rapeseed hybrids: PR44DO6 and Harnas. The objectives of the research consisted in evaluation of the influence of mineral fertilization and hybrid on: rapeseed yield, averag...

Biochar is a product of pyrolysis of biomass such as plant residues, organic wastes or etc. Being highly porous material that slowly releases nutrients, biochar is considered as an effective alternative fertilizer. It is reported that biochar properties are depending on the pyrolysis regime (e.g. pyrolysis peak temperature and duration), however information about quantitative dependences remains poor, especially for biochars made of specific substrates such as chicken manure. In this study, properties of biochars ...

One of the results of increasingly intensive development of subsurface resources is a global change in ecological and geodynamic safety of the natural environment. It is known that intensive extraction of minerals has led to the change on the subsoil and, as a consequence, to the redistribution of the deformed state of very significant volumes of rock mass with adverse consequences for the environment. For this reason, in many deposit fields geodynamic monitoring is actively carried out using ground-based technolo...

In this study, biosorptive characteristics of mustard waste functionalized with METALSORB (which is a precipitation agent used on an industrial scale) were examined for the removal of Cu(II) ions from galvanizing industrial wastewater. Batch experiments were performed in order to study the influence of initial Cu(II) ions concentration and contact time under optimal experimental conditions, and the results were compared with those obtained on mustard waste biomass (before functionalizing treatment). Equilibrium da...

In agriculture, drought is a particularly harmful natural factor. In some regions, it manifests in most agricultural crops by a moisture deficiency or an unfavorable distribution of rainfall in relation to crop requirements.To reduce the effects of drought and increase production in agriculture, it is necessary to irrigate the controlled supply of soil with additional amounts of water than those received under natural conditions, so as to ensure high and constant agricultural output.Plant development is determined...

Sealing solutions play a crucial role in any space application. In this paper we present the production and characterization of elastomeric composites for rubber seals used to prevent unwanted loss of gas or liquid. We selected the following types of elastomers: ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymers (EPDM), butyl rubber (IIR) and bromobutyl rubber (Br-IIR) that have a good behaviour in the low temperature conditions of the cosmic space. Two bipolymeric EPDM/IIR and EPDM/Br-IIR compounds were made, containing other ...

Gallium phosphide is a semiconductor material of great interest for new LED technologies. Porous AIII?V are of great interest because of their interesting optical properties different of those for bulk material. The main goal of this research work is to obtain nanostructured porous gallium phosphide (por-GaP) layers by electrochemical etching of the monocrystalline (100) p-type GaP substrate surface. The structure and surface morphology of obtained samples were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic...

The article describes the incidence of regulatory systems in humans for the population of the regions of Kazakhstan in conjunction with energy consumption, as well as morbidity for employees of the energy enterprise of the Republic of Kazakhstan (RK). For the period from 2001 to 2014. energy consumption in kW/h per person per year in the Republic of Kazakhstan increased by 1.9 times, by regions of the country this growth was from 1.4 times to 6 times. A statistically significant direct link between the mean level ...

Current environmental problems, which are resulting from the construction in building sector require instrument to help with reducing resource consumption and environment pollution. Life cycle Assessment (LCA) is of the building sector popularly used tool to quantify the environmental impacts. There is a large number of impact assessment methods for quantification of environmental impacts in life cycle. LCA approach can be directly applied to the building sector. However, buildings are exceptional products and hav...

The paper deals with the purchase and sale of electricity in companies like huge opencast brown coal mine. Regulation of electric energy usage is still an underrated component of automatization equipment in some companies. If good energy regulation methods are being used, not only financial saving will be achieved, but also energy supply and distribution system quality will get better. This article describes one of the most important systems for saving money and effectively managing the use of electricity in the m...

This article is referring to an analysis regarding the skating temperature variation and the electrical power energy consumption obtained by a removable outdoor ice rink, which was seasonal installed in the exterior of a big size commercial building in Romania. The electrical energy power consumption was performed during a period of five years, between 2014/2015, 2015/2016, 2016/2017 and 2017/2018, starting with the 15th of November and ending with the 15th of March, each period. The skating rink temperature varia...

Glass and ceramic industries fall into the category of energy-intensive emitting combustion gases and particulate matter to the air and considered as Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control installations both in the European Union and Russia. Since early 2000s, traditional sub-sectors including tile and brick manufacturing have been participating in a number of pilot projects intended to assess their environmental performance and energy efficiency evaluate opportunities for implementing Best Available Techniqu...

This paper addresses the possibility of using poultry manure pyrolysis to obtain energy-efficient products. Poultry manure pyrolysis is the intended technology of combustion for both ecological and energy generation purposes, obtaining coke and gas fuel. The waste subjected to pyrolysis had a behaviour very close to that of the inferior coal. This is also confirmed by the elemental analysis; high moisture value raising issues when direct combustion is used. The combustion of the poultry manure through various tech...

Nowadays, the role of healthy and sustainable consumption is increasing in Latvia. This trend focuses on animal welfare issues, promotion of organic products and enhancing of local businesses? green competiveness. Owing to the growing demand for organic products, the number of organic farms in Latvia is increasing. However, not all local producers are aware of their marketing strategy?s compliance with the real situation in the market. Today, customers? needs are more sophisticated and they are knowledgeable about...

The paper describes the case of excavation reclamation after exploitation of gravel, located in the Sola River valley in Rajsko, in the range of the Nature 2000 area Lower Sola Valley (PLB120004), within and the vicinity of the Nature 2000 area of Lower Sola (PLH120083), the vicinity of breeding ponds. There is a Quaternary aquifer in the excavation bottom. 540,000 tonnes of waste from a nearby hard coal mine were used for ground works, which filled the excavation after exploitation of gravel. As a part of the fie...

Water level fluctuations play a significant role in linking water and soil environments and shaping littoral zone. The aim of study was to evaluate the physical and chemical features of water as well as light availability in phytolittoral zone in the case of water level rise. Investigations were carried out in deep mesotrophic lake with well-developed charophytes meadow, above which samples were collected (30 stations). In this lake between year 2010 and 2012 water level increased over 1.0 m as a result of intense...

At present, the building sector holds more than 40% of energy consumption and 36% production of greenhouse gas emissions. The whole sector of buildings uses more than 50% of the Earth's raw materials and produces approximately 50% of world waste. The current legislative standards require as much as possible energy efficient construction. The inadequate thermal performance of the buildings and are currently the biggest challenges for the sector of buildings in the European Union in the context of addressing the sus...

The purpose of the article (research) is to determine the impact of environmental policy on the possibilities and ways of implementing the socio-economic development strategy of the Leningrad Region of the Russian Federation for the period until 2030. The work used systematic and dialectical-materialist approaches, methods of forecasting, comparison, formal-logical and statistical analysis, as well as tools for scientific analysis of documents and performance results. In the course of the work, the essence and pec...

As of January 1, 2017, according to the Directive 2014/95/EU of the European Parliament and the Council of 22 October 2014 amending Directive 2013/34/EU as regards disclosure of non-financial and diversity information by certain large undertakings and groups public-interest entities fulfilling particular requirements described in the document are obligated to disclose non-financial and diversity information. Due to this fact, the main aim of the paper was the assessment of the current state of reporting of environ...

In the design of new cars, great demands are placed on the passive safety of a vehicle. This is especially true for the front part of a car. Each item for this part of a car must absorb a part of energy which arises when a pedestrian is hit. The headlights also belong among the core elements here. The size of the energy that a headlight is capable of absorbing is first calculated by the finite element method using specialized software. It is necessary that these theoretical values are validated in practice, using ...

Recycling of spoil and demolition wastes is in general complicated process, that require quality processing technology connected with equipment designed for those purposes. During recycling is important factor perfect separation of spoil and demolition waste. Mainly separation of individual components of such waste as glass, plastics, metal parts, wood etc. From concrete, bricks, asphalt and similar construction material. Separated components are utilized by their type. It is necessary to not have dangerous admixt...

This article aims at determining the optimal number of organizational levels in a company's hierarchical structure. Based on this, the author establishes a certain number of managerial levels that simultaneously create the levels in the structure of the priority communication system ? information exchange ? in an organization. Also, the role of managers in an efficient and effective information flow is presented. Businesses that operate by market principles must strive for the highest possible efficiency and effec...

The publication concerns the issue of losses and gains related to the rock mining activity in the whole business life cycle of a mining undertaking in relation to: mining entrepreneur, communes, local communities and the environment. The analysis of the issues was conducted for three specific stages of a mining undertaking: identification of geological resources and technical and economic analyses of an undertaking, preparatory works, deposit opening and mining as well as winding up of the mine. The conducted anal...

The paper is aimed at estimating the abundance of polymetallic nodules in the Pacific area is administered by the Interoceanmetal Joint Organization (IOM) using statistical and geostatistical methods. Polymetallic nodules occurring in the Clarion-Clipperton zone in the Eastern Pacific Ocean contain numerous metals, of which the most important are Co, Cu, Ni, and Mn. In the area administered by the IOM, the four genotypes of nodules are marked with the following symbols: D and D1 (diagenetic), H (hydrogenic), and H...

Urban sustainability is a major pillar in the European Union policy towards reaching Paris Agreement targets. In order to support cities and local communities around EU in their effort to implement innovative solutions and integrated approaches to increase their resource efficiency and climate resilience, European Commission funds the instrument "Smart Cities and Communities" (SCC) as part of its Research and Innovation Programme Horizon 2020 (H2020). The overall approach is to define and implement sets of innovat...

In the presented article the approach to establishment of complex noise exposure in conditions of urban territories of a large settlement with application of geoinformation systems is proposed and tested. The main advantages of using geoinformation systems in conjunction with specialized software products used to perform and visualize acoustic calculations are described. Approbation of the proposed approaches was carried out using the example of Perm with the identification of sources of road noise as the main con...

Calculation of the mining support in tunnels and/or underground facilities can be based on application of contemporary numerical methods, but sometimes it can be performed with the classical methods too. These methods can be found to be used in order to choose variants and ways of supporting, but also in the moments that unpredictably appears during the construction of facility. Before installing a permanent mining support, these methods can help the projector at the selection of type of support and ways of tempor...

Nutrient pollution and harmful algal blooms cause major environmental damage as well as serious human and animal health problems. Moreover, they take a toll on the economy, hurting industries and sectors that depend on clean water. High levels of nitrogen and phosphorus in water induce algae to grow faster than the lake ecosystems can handle. The increase in algae content damages the quality of lake water, food resources, and reduces the amount of oxygen needed to survive aquatic life. So-called algal blooms can s...

The quality of the operation of broadband wireless computer networks is largely determined by the mechanism of an ordered centralized poll of terminal stations, called polling. The models of polling systems adequately describe the operation of broadband wireless networks under the control of Wi-Fi and Wi-MAX protocols with a centralized coordination function (PCF). Despite the complexity and high cost, the equipment supporting centralized management most effectively uses the most valuable resources of a broadband ...

The evaluation of the agro-ecological potential of Racha-Lechkhumi - Kvemo Svaneti region will allow using the weather and climatic conditions efficiently making it possible to grow and develop the crops efficiently and gain rich harvest. Consequently, the data of long-term (60-year-long) meteorological observations were treated and analyzed and used as the basis to calculate and evaluate the principal agro-climatic indices (sums of active temperatures (>10?C), atmospheric precipitations (mm), relative air humidit...

Indices of soil respiration are widely used for evaluation of ecosystem productivity as well as for analysis of activity of soil microbiocenosis. Evolution of carbon dioxide can be an objective index of decomposition of soil organic matter and permits to characterize one of the most important aspects of biological cycle. This article analyzes dynamics of carbon dioxide evolution rate in ordinary chernozem upon contamination with antibiotics (ampicillin, streptomycin, tylosin, tromexin, aliseryl) in the concentrati...

Research aim of the present paper is to present an evaluation of the presence on wild strawberry (Fragaria vesca) of one of the most important leaf pathogens which create yield loses to common cultivated strawberry cultivars from the western part of Romania. This pathogen is Mycosphaerella fragariae. The biologic material consist from an assortment of four different population of wild strawberries. Technology used in the experimental field was the standard applied for this location. The experience was implemented ...

Research aim of the present paper is to present an evaluation of the presence on wild strawberry (Fragaria vesca) of one of the most important leaf pathogens which create yield loses to common cultivated strawberry cultivars from the western part of Romania. This pathogen is Mycosphaerella fragariae. The biologic material consist from an assortment of four different population of wild strawberries. Technology used in the experimental field was the standard applied for this location. The experience was implemented ...

Appropriate protection of the environment, as well as of the most vulnerable environmental factor, water, is impossible without the achievement of a civilization's progress in all its aspects (economic, social, etc.). Also, the lack of adequate economic support may lead to the impossibility of carrying out actions to protect and conserve water resources. Activities from eastern part of the Jiu Valley, constituted as integrated parts of economic growth and development, invariably degrade, through the specificity of...

Present GNSS receivers are made to become smaller, lighter and better equipped in one. Their possibilities allows to use them in a different kind of applications. The NovAtel FlexPak6 is a brand new triple-frequency GNSS receiver. This device gives a lot of new opportunities thanks to the wide range of built-in commands. The aim of this study was to describe the most useful commands for cooperating NovAtel FlexPak6 receiver with Spirent 6300M simulator. This study contains technical descriptions of the NovAtel Fle...

Two national agencies are operating in Turkey providing routine analysis of earthquakes of Turkey and surroundings, Bo?azi?i University - Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institution (BOUN?KOERI) and Disaster and Emergency Management Authority, Earthquake Department (AFAD?DDA). In the present work, we check the consistency of the focal parameters provided by these centers for a large number of recently occurred earthquakes. To perform this test, we used the solutions provided by International Seismolog...

The goal of the work reported in this paper is to describe and develop an artificial neural network (ANN) to evaluate the effect of processing parameters such as density, pressing and sintering time on microstructural characteristics including porosity and microstructure of some iron-based powder metallurgy (PM) materials. There are various methods for generating models to predict the the effect of processing parameters. The materials used in this study are prealloyed iron-based powders. The particle size of the p...

One of the most important sources of potable water throughout the world is the ground water, which is currently under stress due to human activities and consumption. Therefore, the presence and transport of contaminants in the groundwater represents an important threat to the human health and the environment. Many studies dealing with the groundwater quality and its sustainable use are found in the literature. Latest research shows a great opportunity of removing groundwater contaminants by using clay. Thus, an ex...

Water resources, particularly the phreatic ones, are exposed to a high risk of nitrates pollution. This pollution appears mostly in rural areas, due to improper use of fertilizers, improper waste storage or local sources of infestation, like animal sheds, and so on. Recent researches have indicated that clay can be used for groundwater decontamination. Mass transport between the unsaturated and saturated zones greatly influences subsurface processes. The transition zone between the vadose zone and the saturated zo...

People spend approximately 90% of their life in the indoor environment of buildings. Indoor environment significantly influences the health, the comfort and the performance of buildings users. The long-term insufficient indoor environment is associated with the Sick Building Syndrome (SBS). According to previous studies, basic factors influencing satisfaction and performance in indoor environments include indoor air quality and ventilation, thermal comfort, lighting and daylighting, noise and acoustics, space layo...

Due to increased precision in positioning and depth determination, recent seismicity data (January 2014 - January 2018) from ROMPLUS Earthquake Catalogue of Romania[1] have been used to illustrate active faults at crustal and lithospheric depths in Vrancea, a seismogenic sector located in the East Carpathians Bend Zone (Romania). Multiple N-S, W-E, NW-SE trending seismicity sections across the Vrancea area have been built and analyzed, as well as seismicity maps at various depths, or for depth intervals. The seism...

The article presents a failure of an existing road culvert located in the provincial road embankment that was built on an organic soil. Recommended road designing methods require the involvement of high volume of native soils. The problem occurs when there are only weak soils in the area. The particular group of soils consist of organic soils. Even in the case of the organic soils, there are several different methods for safe settlement of the designed road surface. In current case in order to reduce the settlemen...

Nowadays, new rural paradigm foresees sustainable development and the transition of agriculture and rural areas from agricultural origin goods providers to providers of various goods and services, which are based on ecosystem services, especially agroecosystem services. The one group of ecosystem services - provisioning services (biomass e.g. food and fiber) could be better provided by intensive and industrialized farms. The other group of ecosystem services could be assured by farms complying with the agro-ecolog...

Conversion of vegetable oils and fats are of the great attention in the last decades. The main processes used in the triglyceride processing are transesterification, hydrolysis, hydrodeoxygenation, and hydrogenation. The last two reactions can be concerned with hydrotreatment processes, allowing the formation of hydrocarbons, fatty alcohols, and fatty aldehydes. These compounds can be used as fuel components, intermediated for the synthesis of surfactants, fragrances, pharmaceutical etc. In the current work, the s...

The Northern Dvina River and Kyanda River of the White Sea basin are characterized by similar natural conditions ? long cold winters, short cool summers, podzolic type of soil formation, high wetlands (up to 20%) and wooded areas (about 80%). Despite a number of common features, the Northern Dvina River, unlike Kyanda River, experiences a significant anthropogenic influence from the enterprises of pulp and paper and wood chemical industry, heat power engineering, mechanical engineering and others. The Kyanda River...

Bottom sediments are a specific component of aquatic ecosystems. They are actively involved in the accumulation, redistribution and mass transfer of chemical elements, including heavy metals. They can contribute to the purification of the water column, due to its depositing properties. However, they can also serve as a source of secondary pollution, as a result of the transition of pollutants into the suspended matter. The intensity of accumulation and migration of substances is directly dependent on the lithologi...