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A specific application of the Method of the finite elements is proposed. The approach is based on the theory about the rheological segmentation of the Earth crust. Different practical various of the proposed method are considered

Short-term production scheduling determines the sequence of block extraction over time spans of shift, days, weeks or months. The aim of scheduling is to decide which blocks of ore and waste to mine in which time period so that several operational and geometrical constraints can be satisfied simultaneously- like mining and mill capacity, meeting grade requirements, making long-term mine plans operationally feasible, etc. Since the 1960s several operational research based approaches have been developed. In order to...

The aim of our study is to make a research and determine the level of comprehending environmental risks and level of anxiety among health personnel resulting from those risks. The total field under survey is 2303 health personnel working GATA Haydarpasa Hospital. Our experimental group consists of 74 doctors, 81 nurses and 65 health workers working in managerial staff. In our crossectional research, a questionnary form of 16 questions, prepared specially, applied to our experimental group. 11 questions from the qu...

With regarding to population and increasing growth rate of civilization, one of the ecological problems that bring some difficulties to human being and social life is to produce industrial culch. It is natural that such an increasing growth will bring some difficulties the same as follows: Howe to product culch (rubbishes) and how to resumption them in a good way . The main aim of this research is to find some suitable ways for resumption of the used materials in educational workshops in Golestan province, Iran. T...

In this study, the investigating of sawability and abrasivity of Khalkhal and Azarshahr travertine were carried out in order to the planning of a new plant. To achieve the goal, rock samples were collected from the mines and some mineralogical, physical and mechanical properties of rocks were determined in the laboratory. The sawability was determined by using some empirical methods based on Schmidt hammer value, Tensile Strength, Uniaxial Compressive Strength and P-wave velocity and abrasivity of rocks were inves...

The topics of stress and academic achievement are becoming increasingly interesting to educational institutions and their members. The aim of this research is to examine the relationship between personality and academic achievement of the students of Vocational school in a private University in Istanbul, Turkey. There is a significant correlation between the students’ personalities which are depicted via adjective checklist and the students’ stress level assessed by Abidin’s Stress Scale. Adjective Check Lis...

As it is well-known, the latest trend in academia has been the rapid growth of online or distance learning courses. Globalization makes mobility easy and possible. That is why a graduate has the opportunity to find not only a nationwide but also a worldwide occupation. In most countries in the world, the function of accreditation for educational institutions is conducted by a government ministry of education. The purpose of this study is presenting the goal of the accreditation. The goal of accreditation is to ens...

As it is well-known, accreditation is a short of leadership and quality assurance in applied Science, computing, engineering, and technology education. In most countries in the world, the function of accreditation for educational institutions is conducted by a government ministry of education. One of the most important outcomes of economic globalization is the abolition of national boundaries in the fields of goods and services trade as well as production factors, namely capital and especially high-skilled labor. ...

It is called stress when an individual begins to act different physically and mentally as a result of the fact that he or she is affected by the environment he or she lived and worked in. To block or balance the process of adaptation to stressful circumstances of people can be in different ways. However, it may not be possible to get rid of stress completely. So that, an individual who is overstressed can suffer aggressiveness, nonconfidence, difficulties in focusing, chronic tiredness, tension, sadness, anxiety, ...

Many countries has used the wind energy for agricultural pumping water for many years. Mechanical energy or electrical energy which is converted from the wind energy drives the pump. Water is not directly convey the target areas due to discontinuous wind regime. Therefore water is conveyed the storage tank. In addition, using the drip irrigation system at this system is provided saving at the agricultural economy. The increasing use of wind energy instead of the fossil energy provides to decrease pollutant emissio...

The First step in analysis of slope stability in open pit mines is punctual definition of rock mass characteristics. Several rock mass classification systems have been presented so far in the area of geomechanics. One of the most widely used rock mass classification systems are the geomechanics classification (RMR) by Bieniawiski. The RMR classification is based on the definition of classic membership functions. So characterization of rock masses and determination of their strength may involve some uncertainties d...

Most of the salt that is being consumed in Iran is produced through stope and pillar mines, located in north of the central desert of Iran. The very large stopes have been excavated for applying open cut loading and hauling machines, so that those stopes have to be supported by large pillars. Therefore, the excavation ratio and stability considerations should be studied as two special cases in these mines. To determine the pillar’s strength, in this paper, four of the largest mines have been studied. An experime...

The Fenton process, one of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), has been widely implemented to remove COD and color for dye wastewater as a pre-treatment or posttreatment process. In recent years, Fenton-like processes have received considerable attention in wastewater removal. The main purpose of the present study was to determine the optimal operational conditions of the Fenton- like process by using raw limonite ore at various concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and raw limonite ore for treatment of dye wastewa...

Characterization of rock masses is one of the fundamental aspects of rock engineering. Particularly, as a rock mass characteristic, determination of the strength of jointed rock masses is difficult since the size of representative specimens including discontinuities is too large for laboratory testing. This problem can be overcome by using the Hoek– Brown empirical failure criterion in conjunction with the Geological Strength Index (GSI) classification system. However, characterization of rock masses and determi...

In this paper, the relationship between p-wave velocity and the most important strength properties of rock material has been studied. During this research eight various types of rocks from north-west of Iran have been tested view pointed of uniaxial compression strength (UCS), tensile strength (Brazilian test) and elastic modulus. Regression analyses between above parameters and p-wave velocity reveals that there is a mathematical relationship with exponential equation (R2= 0.8597) between p-wave velocity and unia...

Roof falls continue to be one of the greatest hazards faced by underground coal miners. For preventing unpredictable hazards and losses due to roof falls, assessment of roof rock behaviour in coal mines plays an assential role in ground control issue. However, based on the intensive reserches in this area, various parameters influence the roof rock behaviour of the stratified rock mass. One of them, which is extremely important to coal mine ground control, is moisture sensitivity. Many coal seams have immediate ro...

The opportunities for automation processes in grading are described. Examples for the achieved results in developing software for the specialized investing activities and work with the program package < GEODESY > are given.

The objectives of the present work are to develop technologies for the electrodeposition of mixed oxide nanocomposites with electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidative degradation of organic compounds. Oxidation of organics in the potential region of O2 evolution is supposed to proceed through the oxidation of water to hydroxyl radicals, which then may either be further oxidized to give molecular oxygen or interact with organic molecules in an oxygen-transfer reaction. Therefore, the ideal electrode material m...

Blast pattern design has direct influence on the time consumption and construction cost of drilling and blasting of tunnels. Tunnel blasting is more complicated operation than open pit blasting because the only free surface that initial breakage can take place toward is the tunnel face. The most important operation in the tunnel blasting procedure is to create an opening in the face with the intention of develop another free surface in the rock. This is the function of the cut holes. The cuts can be classified in ...

Gole-Gohar iron ore has located in IRAN. Reduction of costs at this mine is too effective for mining benefits. One of the important parameter about these costs is the pit slope support with control blasting operations. In this project, we try to use the buffer blasting method for suitable pit walls. Buffer blasting is a method that uses the faults for smoothness of pit walls. In this method, we do not use the control holes. So, by using the buffer holes, the control blasting operation will be suitable. Besides, th...

The treatment of natural rock, as well as construction aggregates and ornamental rock creates a great amount of residues, which are usually grain sized under 100 $\mu$m and with chemical and mineralogical composition modified due to processing. Therefore these materials have a composition with a variable content of rock, accompanied with other components as iron particles, clayey materials, flocculants, etc. These contaminants limit the application of those wastes. It is necessary therefore, the search of a proces...

This paper presents the outcome of the study on the compaction and consolidation behaviour of class F fly ash of Talcher Thermal Power Station (TTPS)of India for stowing in the underground mines. Light weight compaction test is conducted by using Proctor mold as per IS: 2720 to determine the optimum moisture content and dry density of fly ash and pond ash samples. From the compaction test it is found that the optimum moisture content of fly ash is 34.25\% at a maximum dry density of 1.15 g/cm3. Similarly, the opti...

The process of truck shovel assignment for optimization of the transport systems in open pit mining is performed using software models and algorithms. With the aid of the software and hardware mechanisms, great steps can be taken in intelligent assignment and control of truck shovel systems. In this paper, open pit mining transport system has been modeled based on TSP modeling. Using genetic algorithms, the optimized travelling path for trucks has been obtained. The software has the capability of compound modeling...

Most of water resources in Iran are flowing in the west, south-west, north districts of country and, on the other hand, providing of water the central districts of Iran, for a long term, had been a critical problem to Iran water industry since long ago. Accordingly, many water transferring projects have been proposed between different zones to remove this problem. Transferring water from of Dez river to central districts of Iran is one of these projects that water transfer tunnel from Anvaj river to Qomrud is its ...

The mushrooms are able of cumulating metals from environment depending on specie, harvesting place, type of soil, degree of development and other environment conditions. The paper presents the results of the study on levels of copper, zinc, iron, manganese, chromium and calcium in mushroom harvests from Calimani site where the soil is degraded by mining work. The mycological material (19 samples of mushrooms) was harvested from 6 places of Calimani site: Ilva Dump, Dumitrelul Dump, near Dump of Pin, Dump of Pin, P...

The economic profitability analysis of recycling process should take into account either the minimization of costs connected with the realization of investment or maximization of the production having the costs of the production established. Nevertheless, we need to take into consideration that these costs depend on many factors. In this paper, the economic profitability of municipal waste recycling by the maximization of the production having the costs of the production established or the minimization of the cost...

The subject of this paper is to present an efficient method for exploration of surface beds by means of one-channel reflection seismic. Two-step algorithm based on simplified seismic diffraction theory is used for processing of the field data. During the first step the registered wave field is re-calculated with specialized software taking into consideration definite assumptions for the environmental model. During the second step the so re-calculated wave field is transformed using Phase Shift Migration method. As...

The preliminary goal of this study is to design, construct and test an automatic sequential precipitation sampling instrument. Testing includes collection of sequential precipitation samples, analyzing them and trying to find the sources of environmental pollution. Proposed sequential sub-event sampler is composed of two parts; mechanic and electronic hardware. Mechanical part includes a stepped 100 ml sampler cups on it, and a metallic body. Electronic part is composed of digital and analog sensors, various elect...

Mine ventilation has a key role to improving underground working conditions. Ventilation is required to clear dust, gas and toxic fumes from blasting and removing exhaust fumes from diesel equipments and also required for cooling the workplace for miners in deep hot mines. Ventilation systems need to take many possible modern mining scenarios into account, and costly infrastructure is needed to serve future ventilation and cooling requirements. To enable the practical and economical design of mine ventilation syst...

The uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) is one of the important input parameters used in rock engineering designs of underground spaces, or rock blasting, drilling, slope stability, excavation rate and many other civil and mining operations. Although, the method is relatively simple, it is time consuming and expensive; also, it requires well prepared rock cores. Therefore, indirect tests are often used to predict the UCS, such as Schmidt hammer, point load index and sound velocity. Besides, these indirect tests ca...

Main objective in this study is research of dangerous dust in working area at the KEK, which inflict many professionals’ illnesses. This study will treat and determinate “Dangerous Coefficient” in duty of the working time, which will create fast monitoring condictions in the working area. In this case will be easy to take preventive actions with regards to procetions workers health.

The truck and shovel transportation system is the most important part of the open pit mining operation because a considerable amount of the total mining costs is related to it. Reducing the transportation cost has a great impact on reduction of the total cost. One method to reduce the cost per ton in transportation systems is the optimization of the truck–shovel assignment. In this paper, software has been developed for optimal assignment of N trucks to M shovels with different grades of the minerals, based on m...

Highly accurate digital terrain model (DTM) is nowadays considered to be a top-level tool for modeling processes on earth surface. Particularly important is its application in the regions endangered by natural disasters – especially floods. Occurrence of extreme flowage – floods in the past few years has not only intensified, but began to interfere in to regions, that up till now didn´t experienced floods. Each year brings greater damage on properties and infrastructure. Potential size of inundated area, prog...

This work focuses on the assessment of seismic risk issues associated with the potassium salt deposit of Provadia and Soligorsk. The long-term studies 1983-2007 of the only terrestrial Bulgarian salt deposit (Provadia - 43.060N, 27.450E) and Belarusian (Starobin - 52.840N, 27.470E) in connection with the observed higher seismic activity and probable manifestations of technogenic seismicity in the region is presented. The characteristic features of the seismic processes as the identity of the curves of recurrence o...

The spoil heaps, present in the perimeter of the hydropower plants, industrial chemical complexes, groups of mining exploitation and minerals processing etc. are an important prejudice for the environment, and because of this, they need special attention (monitoring, EIA, implementation of some strategies of ecological restoration). We focused the attention on two spoil heaps categories from W. Romania (in Retezat National Park) and S.W. Romania (Moldova Noua complex), different as their provenience, morphological...

Slope failure occurring at projected slope operations at open pit mines can lead the workers safety to dangerous positions. In some cases the rock disturbances which may be thought about that, they lead slope failures around the open pit mine operation develop physiological problems among the mine workers. The main aim of this work to determine if the conditions of critical slopes in open pit mines can be monitored through the electrical resistivity methods. The depths of sliding at selected slope were analyzed by...

The world is being polluted rapidly in recent years. Pollution, which can stem from both natural and artificial causes, has a detrimental effect on our health and the environment. People’s contribution to the pollution cannot be emphasized enough. Technological development also plays an important role in environmental pollution. Extravagant uses of technology and people’s lack of sensitivity to the damages of technology cause pollution to increase in an uncontrollable rate. Pollution causes both global warming...

Robotics is expanding into a number of new application domains and it offers new opportunities to study human-robot augmentation (human-bionic system), advanced autonomy and user interfaces, and in addition the integration of communities of “simple” robots opens new opportunities in terms of task achievement and flexibility. The EURON network has been successful in the coordination of (relatively) diverse national programs. With the introduction of a European program focused on robotics (the “Beyond Robotics...

In this study, it is aimed to find out which wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is more economical by means of comparison of initial investment costs and operational costs of decentralized and centralized domestic wastewater treatment plants in and around Antalya which is located in Mediterranean Region. For this purpose, data of 14 decentralized and 5 centralized domestic wastewater treatment plants is evaluated. The design flowrates of decentralized and centralized WWTP are varying 120-900 m3day-1 and 5000-22000 ...

Mudstone formation samples from Crete, GREECE are investigatedwith regard to their suitability as raw materials for rammed earth and adobe production. This paper deals with the mineralogical composition, soil particle size distribution of samples, as well as the analysis of sample consistency and compressive strength of rammed earth cube samples. Quartz and clay minerals are the major mineralogical constituents, whereas micas, chlorites, iron-oxides and hydroxides, carbonates and feldspars were detected in various...

Aim of the work is long-time monitoring of building reclamation mixtures on fly ash basis in pilot plant terms. The objective is to obtain a conclusive result set to prove that the interests of environment and people’s health protection are not endangered in the relation with natural geological surroundings by variant bulk mass mining technological utilisation in the area of open pit mines or a power industry. A rigorous assessment of the referential qualitative parameters of monitoring points environment is rep...

Bor-UlukД±sla Basin is located in Central Anatolia, southeastern part of Tuz Golu Basin. Tertiary aged sedimentary, volcano-sedimentary and volcanic rock units outcrop at the investigation area. Neogene aged Bor-UlukД±sla Basin is a tectonically controlled graben basin and contains syngenetically deposited sediments. Outcropping Neogene sediments, composed of clastic, clayey, dolomitic, tuffitic, evaporitic and silicified rocks, overlie Paleocene-Eocene marine clastic rocks and Paleozoic metamorphic rocks. The Neo...

In the study area the lowermost unit is the autochthonous GeyikdagД± unit (Upper Cambrian-Lower Ordovician Seydisehir Formation, Upper Jurassic Hacialabaz formation, Upper Cretaceous Cokelen diabase and Upper Cretaceous Saytepe formation). The BolkardagД± unit (Devonian-Lower-Middle Carboniferous Hocalar formation, Upper Permian, Taskent formation and Jurassic-Upper Cretaceous SinatdagД± formation) rests allochthonously on the GeyikdagД± Unit. The Bozkir unit (Bozkir melange with ophiolite and (Mahmuttepe limeston...

The geology and the mineralogy of the clay beds (Doganhisar clays) located southeast of Doganhisar (central Anatolia, Turkey) were studied. Rock units found in and adjacent to the Doganhisar clay beds include metamorphic rocks of pre-Triassic age of the Sultandaglari Massif, the Miocene Ayaslar Formation and the Pliocene Doganhisar Formation as well as alluvium The Lower (?)-Middle Cambrian-Lower Ordovician Caltepe Formation forming the base of the metamorphic rocks is composed of recrystallized limestone and dolo...

The state of Sarawak, situated on northern part of the Borneo Island, is the part of Malaysia Federation. Main raw materials usable for the Sarawak economy are oil, wood, and natural gas. Nowadays the importance of brown coal as a raw material is caused by the growing needs of power in the Sarawak. It is the reason of working trip of authors of this article to the area of Merit Pila. They worked there as Deputy Mine Managers in 2006 and 2007. Merit Pila is great coal basin situated in central Sarawak. The paper br...

This study discusses the results of geotechnical investigation carried out on DoДџanhisar clays in Central Anatolia, Turkey, originated from the weathering of metamorphic basement rocks. The clays of this location constitute an interesting area for researchers due to their geology, thickness, and very high overconsolidation values. In the area, clay deposits are unusually thick, varying from 10 m to 60 m in thickness. For this study, geotechnical investigations were carried out with laboratory tests on disturbed a...

In the east-coast states of Malaysia, the waste management approach being employed is landfill, but due to rapid development and lack of space for new landfills, the east-coast States in Malaysia is looking for a success recycling of solid waste programmes. Households’ awareness is considered the touchstone for the success of recycling any recycling programmes. However, this paper attempts to identify households’ awareness and opinion on recycling of solid wastes in the major town of Kelantan State which locat...

Bigadic - Hisarkoy (Balikesir) Geothermal Area located in Inner West Anatolia and 57 km west of BalД±kesir. Kretase aged serpentines, diabases, limestones, mudstones, splits, ultrabases and radiolarites consist of ofiolits and these ofiolits formed basement rocks of investigation area. This formation covered by Tertiary aged Dedetepe formation (riodacite, dacite, tuff, agglomerate) and Quaternary aged alluvium and travertine. Investigation area was effected NS directional openings in Lower Miocene - Pliocene in We...

The most important creeks discharging to the Beysehir Lake (Sarisu, Ustunler, Ebulvefa, Eflatun) and their drainage area form the southeast basin of the lake. In this study will be given briefly the rocks in these basins and their hydrochemical relation with surface and subsurface water The Lower – Middle Cambrian Caltepe formation comprises of dolomite, crystallized limestone and nodular limestone, occurs at the basement and, has reservoir rock characteristics. The Upper Cambrian – Lower Ordovician Seydisehir...

Coal bed “Drmno” encompasses the area of 60 km2, and total reserves are estimated to 608·106 tons. The coal is being exploited by mine stripping method, and the capacity was 6·106 tons in 2007. Coal layer, with average thickness of 16 m, relatively uniformly sinks from the terrain surface, at the east of the bed, towards west and north, with average slope of about 6°. Coal depth ranges from 35 m, from eastern front advance point, to 100 m, in the western front point. Coal exploitation is impeded by water-be...