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Denitrifying bioreactors can be used to reduce high nitrate concentrations in agricultural runoff in situ. They operate on the basis of the flow of nitrate-rich water through a filtration medium containing biodegradable organic matter that serves as an organic carbon source for denitrification bacteria. However, undesirable excessive leaching of organic compounds from the bioreactor fillings can occur, especially in the start-up phase. The paper presents the results of static leaching tests conducted on six differ...

The current legislation of the CR does not consider as noise, inter alia, the sound from production of music operated outdoors. Production of music outdoors mainly includes concerts, discotheques; "majпїЅles" spring student festivals, pilgrimages, open-air markets, various celebrations, Advent concerts, music played during sporting and cultural events, etc. (also including certain daily or frequently repeated cases of such production). The enforceability of protection against such noise pollution is becoming highl...

Flood risk, associated with rapid climate changes, improper development of river basins (e.g. intensive house building, deforestation) and low retention capacity of water bodies, has been observed in recent years in EU countries, including Poland. Floods pose a threat to human life and health and cause great property loss and irreversible changes to the natural environment. Studies concerning flood risk management have shown that seeking measures aimed at limiting the tragic consequences of floods are more effecti...

Crisis management is closely related to the emergency event prevention, crisis reaction and after crisis prevention. Each country within its legislative frame has involved certainly higher competencies of Rescue system forces, Integrated system forces or firefighters who are mostly acting part of Integrated rescue system in Slovakia. Recently there is a negative trend in European cities connected to aggressive behaviour against firefighters disabling them to do their job. It was also observed and very well describ...

The purpose of research - analysis of legal regulation of theoretical and practical problems of environmental activities in the Russian Federation and to ensure environmental safety.The study authors was based on formal logic methods, comparative method, legal and dogmatic, the system and method futurological. The fundamental method of research is the analysis.A good environment is a necessary condition of human existence. Of all the important factors that directly affect their lives and health, environmental fact...

In spatial data processing, the area of legislation is crucial but often neglected by the expert's community. Knowledge of the various legal aspects related to the data collection, data processing, and analysis of data, as well as publishing the results of spatial analysis and its visualization, is an essential prerequisite for effective work. Legislative aspects are understood as a set of legislative standards, their relationships and their influence on other fields of human activity. In the context of geoinforma...

The thermal insulation of the building envelope is a very important factor for the total energy consumption of buildings. Considering the fact that more than 40% of the global energy use and the corresponding CO2 emissions comes from the building sector, the choice of good thermal insulation products can contribute to large energy savings. The choice of thermal insulation products should not be solely made based on installation and operational costs, but rather on the global environmental impact and energy demand ...

One of the most important sectors in the Romanian beverage industry is beer production. In 2015 this sector brought revenues of 533 million Euros to the state budget. The Romanian consume an average of 80 liters per capita so that Romania ranks 7th in the hierarchy of European beer-consuming countries according to the Brewers of Europe. The largest beer consumers from Europe in 2015 were the Czechs with 143 L per capita followed by Germans (106 L per capita) and Austrians (105 L per capita). In our case 97% of bee...

This study aims to valorise the mineral wastes in particular glass wastes, brick wastes and clay to produce granulated foam glass at different characteristics (G1: Granulate foam glass without additive; G2: Granulate foam glass with 10% clay and Granulate foam glass with 10% Brick wastes). The aggregates of foam glass were manufactured at a temperature 850 пїЅ C from glass wastes (cullet), brick wastes, clay and limestone as a foaming agent. Mixtures of Self-compacting mortar have been developed with elaborated fo...

It is well known that the use of aluminium and its alloys in transports, aeronautics or in the car industry as a vehicle downweighting material, also decreases fuel and energy consumption and lowers greenhouse gas emissions. In our study, an innovative thermomechanical processing technology for obtaining flat ultra-strength aluminium products by subsequent cold rolling after equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) was proposed and experimented. ECAP is an advanced severe plastic deformation (SPD) method for controll...

Recent surge in the number of studies on inorganic nanoparticles has raised concerns over possible commercial implication of the same. The developmental stage of regulations and standards controlling the same amplifies this problem. In this perspective, we tried to analyze the current trends on lignocellulose nanomaterials (viz. Nanocellulose and lignin) and its global potential to offer an environmentally benign alternate. We used number of studies indexed in Scopus database to get an idea of trends. An additiona...

The problems of regeneration and recycling of the calcareous component in the composition of chemical and metallurgical industry waste products are studied. The possibility of obtaining chemically precipitated calcium carbonate from gypsum wastes and slimes of alumina production is shown on the basis of a number of low-temperature processes that ensure binding of carbon dioxide as part of production emissions. The influence of quality of raw materials on the volume of belite sludge which is formed during the proce...

The energy recuperation systems are being increasingly used in modern non-hybrid cars. It allows to recover part of the energy without mounting an additional electric engines and a set of batteries with high capacity in the vehicle. Recuperation of energy, however, involves a number of limitations resulting from: traffic conditions, vehicle construction parameters, electrical energy demand in the car and from the construction of the energy recovery system. In this article presented the results of road tests in a r...

The technique named "base isolation", resorts to place at the bottom of buildings special components, leading to long fundamental periods that would avoid resonance tendency of buildings with its site in the case of strong earthquakes. The nonlinear characteristics of the isolator layer change the linear period-shift estimation and can lead either to dangerous shortening shift in case of hardening nonlinearity or to unnecessary shift enlargement in case of softening nonlinearity. By neglecting this period-shift di...

Bulgarian territory is subjected to impact of almost all negative and destructive geological processes and phenomena. The engineering estimation of these hazards requires knowledge of their origin, evaluation of potential occurrence of these phenomena, and their resulting risk. The liquefaction of weak soils under dynamic impacts is one of the processes that compose the geological hazards. This phenomenon occurs in certain areas during strong earthquakes. It involves a loss of bearing capacity of sediments, terrai...

Within the eastern Siberian platform are known objects worth mentioning from the standpoint of organizing the extraction of heavy oil and bitumen. The Siberian platform is characterized by a wide spreading of the surface-bearing and shallow-lying rocks saturated with products of hypergenic oil conversion. The article describes the results of lithologic and petrographic studies of bitumen-saturated carbonate rocks of Anabar anteclise southern slope (Daldyno-Alakit region). The upper part of the section of the sedim...

The drinking water demand of most Estonian communities is covered by groundwater abstracted from the sedimentary rocks. Due to the climate and small population, EstoniaпїЅs fresh water resources are sufficient. However, Estonia faces a number of problems with natural groundwater quality in some areas. Fluoride concentrations up to 7 mg/l are recorded in western Estonia and deeper portion of the Silurian-Ordovician aquifer system, which consists of diverse limestone and dolomite. Fluorine contents in carbonate rock...

During period of preparing the construction of halls of the industrial park, according to the geotechnical investigation were found adverse properties of soil. Below the ground surface was situated 5.5 m soft clay layer, deeper clayey gravel. Due to the nearby located river, the groundwater level was found just below the ground surface. Strict requirements to fulfilling first of all the serviceability limit state have led to the preparing the load test in real geological conditions in scale 1:1. Expecting load on ...

Ensuring the stability of the sides and ledges of deep open-pit mines is one of the main conditions for the safety of mining operations. To detect various deformations in both the array of permafrost and on the surface of berms and bench slopes along the edges of the open-pit mine, a ground-based laser scanner was used to monitor the local section of the southeastern edge of the Nyurbinsky open-pit mine. There are three conditionally most active temperature periods, influencing on the geocryological state of perma...

The paper presents the results of the study on the local variability of accumulation index of cobalt in the shale series of part of the "Rudna" Cu-Ag deposit (the Lubin-G?ogпїЅw Copper District, LGOM). The Lubin-G?ogпїЅw mining district is a world-class copper-silver, stratabound ore deposit located in the SW Poland, in the area of the Fore-Sudetic Monocline. The average cobalt content for the sandstone and carbonate series was about 30 ppm. Meanwhile, the highest value of this parameter (280 ppm) was found for th...

Total duration of complex flows depends on many factors, one of them being the sequence of work locations in the work program. The aim of this research is to find a simple method which would allow us to determine the best work location sequencing in the location-based work program from work duration point of view. This was achieved by creating a synthetic criterion which allows the user to determine the optimal work location sequencing without having to simulate all of the scenarios upfront. The method discussed i...

Nowadays we see an increase in traffic intensity all around the world. The traffic infrastructure is extremely loaded by the traffic, which causes deformation of its parts. In addition to traffic load, significant is the effect of the weather conditions (wind, sunshine, temperature changes). All the mentioned effects cause changes in the spatial position and in the shape of the bridge structures. Due to these facts, geodetic monitoring is an integral part of bridge structures diagnosis and gives important informat...

The worldwide development of studies concerning volcanic-related deposits caused renewed interest in epithermal mineralizations in Sardinia and a prospecting program was developed in the eighties. A series of field surveys showed that hydrothermal alteration halos are widespread in the Tertiary volcanic terrains, and AuпїЅAg bearing mineralized outcrops were detected in a few localities. An exploration program was performed which reached the ore evaluation stage in two areas. The first economically viable gold dep...

Traditionally, Cultural Heritage Assets are valuable artifacts requiring special - time consuming and costly - manual preservation procedures and always subject to accidentally or intentional damage. The paper main objective are: Using low-cost & real time or late -time (client-server) methodologies at all digital documentation phase, to make CHA accessible to all interested in people by supporting virtual mobility without CHA preservation cost and using CHA digital copies and exact 3d replicasto unlock the potent...

In the present study, low-fat muffins in which butter has been replaced at different levels (50% and 100% respectively) with pumpkin seeds powder were prepared. The valuable content of the pumpkin seed powder in proteins, fibres, vitamins, minerals and its good sustainability are important reasons for adding this ingredient in the food products. The physical-chemical parameters: weight, moisture, moisture loss, volume and specific volume were determined during storage period. Minerals content was carried out by us...

For the analysis of heavy oil samples of the Ashalchinskoye deposit the combined nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method to measure the free-induction decay (FID) together with the Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) echo signalпїЅs decay was used. The measurements were carried out on a NMR analyzer Chromatek-Proton 20M, operating at a frequency of 20 MHz. Special control program was created on the NMR analyzer, which automatically tunes and measures full FID curve, then switches to measuring the echo amplitudes deca...

Thermal methods, in particular steam treatment, are the most needed among the tertiary methods of increasing the extraction of Heavy crude oil. The use of catalysts in couple with the steam injection is promising method. This article is about experimenting with the modelling of steam effects on the oil-saturated sandstone, using a dimensional-based catalyst based on iron. The composition and physico-chemical characteristics of the products of the thermocatalytic effects have been studied. It has been shown that th...

Currently heavily developed light oil resources are being depleted, and the energy consumption is increasing. In this context, the task of developing the tight oil reserves is relevant and will soon become an essential resource for stabilizing and increasing the oil production. The share of tight oil (including heavy crude oil) is steadily increasing in the overall balance. Oil production will therefore be at the expense of these oil revenues in the coming years. These hydrocarbon resources are referred to as non-...

The formations having accumulated during the Upper BurdigalianпїЅBadenian sedimentary cycle following a tectogenetic (Eostiric) paroxysm pertain to the Lower Molasse of the Eastern Carpathians and feature significant lithofacies variations. The formations of this sedimentary cycle in the Sl?nic PrahovaпїЅAluni? area (Prahova County, Romania) include Molasse-type deposits featuring well-individualised geological formations. Since the formations of this sedimentary cycle are the widest spread in the Sl?nicпїЅAluni? ...

Metallurgical wastes are deposited in landfills or are being recycled, mainly as material used for engineering work. They are also sources of pollution in the groundwater environment. For this reason, it is necessary to explore environmentally safe ways of using them. Environmental impact assessments of waste can be made on the basis of static or dynamic laboratory tests. The alternative is to carry out lysimetric research. However, this kind of research is rarely performed due to the degree of complexity, cost an...

Protected natural areas are ideal for monitoring relatively undisturbed natural development of both inorganic and organic parts of ecosystem. The stock-taking of species occurring in the nature reserve is not only crucial to maintain the function of natural reserve, but also to monitor the development of species spectrum, as well as the diversity and succession under conditions relatively undisturbed by anthropogenic factors. Prosisko nature reserve was established in 1998 in order to protect forest ecosystems wit...

The Vrancea zone is an area of concentrated seismicity at intermediate depths (60-200 km) beneath the bending area of the South-Eastern Carpathians in Romania. The purpose of the paper is first to find historic data related to the four selected Vrancea earthquakes occurred on 26 November 1829 (Mw 7.3), 1 May 1893 (Mw 6.2), 17 August 1893 (Mw 7.1) and 31 August 1894 (Mw 7.1). Next, to gather all available historic information about those events, analyze it, assess/or convert the intensity using the Medvedev-Sponheu...

In-situ conversion of kerogen from the production of synthetic oil is one of the possible ways to increase the profitability of the development of shale formation. To develop Bazhenov shale, such technologies as in-situ combustion and retorting, presupposing productive layers warming-up can be employed. Laboratory modeling of the thermo-catalytic effect on the kerogen samples of Bazhenov shale was carried out. Before separation kerogen from the rock sample, bitumoids were extracted by means of chloroform. Kerogen ...

Archaeological work was undertaken to save the archaeological site. Originally the site was described as settlement from the period of Lusatian Culture. But during the first archaeological excavations, a vast and rich burial ground of Lusatian Culture people was discovered. Burials were located at different depths, often above one another. In order to determine precise location of the archeological objects the geophysical survey was used. Due to the fact of burial cremation, which means treated with fire, as a sui...

This article discusses the use of different algorithms for analyzing data obtained by magnetic measurements in archaeological excavations. The aim of this work is the automatic detection of possible anomalies in data that may indicate the presence of archaeological sites. The article discusses two kinds of anomalies пїЅ useful (caused by the presence of archaeological sites) and spot anomalies (caused by the presence of various metal debris). Spot anomalies create local noise that interfere with the determination ...

The quasi-permanent seismic activity that characterizes our planet can be very well explained through the geodynamic pulsatory model for Earth. The cosmic cycles governing effectively TerraпїЅs evolution can provide a current and pretty realistic image compatible with sustained seismic activity of the Earth. More exactly, the phases of these dynamic cycles are crucial because they correspond to a trend of planetary expansion or contraction for Terra. From this point of view there are especially important two cycle...

The Bolshoi Altay (BA) located in the north-west part of Central Asian mobile belt on territory of the East Kazakhstan. The geological structures of the BA include Rudniy Altay, Kalba-Narym (in the north-west), Zharma-Saur, and neighbouring regions of Russia and China and, was formed in the Hercynian time in the process of collision of Kazakhstan and Siberian lithosphere plates and degradation of Irtysh-Zaisan paleo ocean. Regional and local criteria for forecasting of gold ore deposits of the BA have been develop...

Nowadays the renewable sources of energy are gaining more and more in importance to meet the society requirements of energy in a sustainable way. Biomass is among the renewable sources of energy which is known and used since ancient times and it is of great importance for present as well as for the future. One source of biomass are agricultural crops through their residues but also as agricultural crops specially designed to produce biomass and known as energy crops. Although the biomass was traditionally used to ...

In recent decades, the scientific and educational tourism has grown in popularity. The experience gained in field trips and expeditions around Western Mongolia suggests that this area has diverse natural conditions, interesting and unique monuments of nature and archeology including a high potential for making research and educational excursions. The analysis of current and perspective trends of recreational flow in Khovd aimag, Western Mongolia allows to identify five basic spatial-thematic routes combined into t...

This study highlights a part of the results of a doctoral research regarding business performance improvement through contract management, conducted by authors in the Research Centre of Business Administration, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania. The goal of this paper is to identify key elements for lasting collaborative partnerships through an effective project management. The first part of the paper provides an overview of the existing literature whereas the second part includes research results ...

The aim of this work is to present the current state as well as a forecast for coming years in sewage sludge management in Poland after 1 January 2016. New law policy adopted from 1 January 2016 forced certain changes in communal sewage sludge management. Now communal sewage sludge is forbidden to be stored (calorie than 6 MJ / kg), therefore there was a need to increase a percentage share of other methods used for sewage sludge management. In addition there is an expansion of a waste water treatment plants and se...

The main aim of this article is to present the current situation of waste management in Poland. The most frequently used methods of waste treatment, with particular emphasis on the use of thermal methods. In recent years, the stream of municipal waste per capita is constantly increasing which makes the municipal waste management is becoming one of the biggest challenges in the twenty-first century. By 2016, most of the waste was not reused, but its way directly to the landfill. Legal restrictions introduced from 1...

The management of grassland areas through the correct use of these areas is reflected in the qualitative and quantitative increase in plant production per unit area, the increase of the animal product and the better protection of the environment. The national agricultural context of Romania requires the existence of a Management Plan for each area of grassland and its concession to farmers for a period of up to 10 years. This study was conducted for an area of 945 hectares of grasslands under the protection of the...

The article is an introduction to the issues of shaping the areas of former lignite mining surrounding the city of Zielona GпїЅra (Lubuskie voivodeship, Poland). The city of Zielona GпїЅra, seeking new investment areas, develops further areas, including those that have been former mine sites for at least 70 years. They have never been reclaimed. The remediation of former lignite mines, both technical and biological, is the responsibility of the mining plant and should be carried out in accordance with the law, how...

A regulation of the mining operations mode during a new phase of open pit mining deep lying minerals through implementation of temporary non-operating open pit edges on many deep open pit mines made it difficult to extract minerals. Innovative technologies of working zones development along steep open pit edges have been tested at the pre-design stage with comparison of the obtained mining schedules with the design schedules based on the analysis of methods of controlling mining operations mode and their existing ...

Nowadays, efficient urban transportation systems have a very strong impact on economic prosperity and development. The quantity and quality of transport infrastructure can influence attractiveness and desirability of urban regions for certain industries and can affect the quality of life of its citizen. Passenger transportation systems are characterized by complexity of its behavior and a high level of uncertainty; therefore simulation technologies have become an effective tool for their modeling and managerial de...

The present paper analyses the use of resources and municipal waste generation in western Romania. In this territory the waste generation continues to grow but there are considerable differences between urban and rural area, regarding the resource use and waste generation per person, generated mainly by different social and economic conditions, and different levels of awareness towards the environmental issues. While resource extraction has been stabilized in the last decade, dependence on imports is increasing. I...

Social housing management is an area of asset management within local government which is strongly dependent on legal and socio-economic system as well as public housing policy. In many countries housing systems are in transition towards privatization, deregulation and decentralization of public tasks. The transformations in institutional and economic context have lead to more market-oriented social housing management. They have not been an isolated process but a part of broader one termed New Public Management (N...

Land management and spatial planning are closely linked to the adaptation of water management to climate change impacts. Land management has an influence on the ability of the soil to retain precipitation or flood water and sustainable land use can help to better manage risks related to both increased precipitation/flooding and water scarcity. Land and soil management can also realize significant synergies between climate change adaptation and mitigation. Agriculture as a key form of land use will play a crucial r...

The current article presents two map projections used in Romania mainly for military purposes, namely Lambert-Cholesky (from 1917 to 1931) and Gauss-KrпїЅger (from 1955 to 1971). After a brief description of their individual characteristics and particularities of application in our country, a comparison of the distortions produced by both projections was presented in order to emphasise their various advantages. The accuracy of relief representation using contour lines on maps drawn to scales of 1:20,000 and 1:25,0...