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The underground architectonic objects are often located at low depth. This is why, in order to protect objects located on the area or minimize the negative impact of works performed on people and the environment, roadheaders are widely applied, with the use of which excavating takes place in a mechanical way. Boom?type roadheaders deserve special attention in the group of roadheaders. A significant feature of the machines is the possibility of building underground objects of any shape and size of cross?section in ...

The requirements for maritime application are very strict because of the effects of seawater on the materials. All the devices operating in seawater should be waterproof because of corrosion and electricity dangerous. This problem is more important for electric motors and other equipment with rotating parts where there is a necessity to seal the output shaft and other connecting features in order to isolate the motor from penetrating of seawater. Differential pressure between seawater and air in the motor causes a...

The paper describes the technology of controlling a new material called Polytech used for the production of prefabricated units. Prefabricated units made from a modified Polytech mortar based on expanded polystyrene derived from recycling were used to build a residential object. Prefabricated elements are load-bearing and, at the same time, insulating elements in the form of wall panels. In order to control the prefabricated wall with a lintel under realistic conditions, a control technology was suggested that inv...

Safe water quality is strongly related with good human health and the presence of undesirable species may pose various disturbances. Accordingly, evaluation of drinking water quality is needed in order to secure if water is appropriate for human consumption. The aim of the research was to evaluate the quality of drinking water collected from M?neciu-Ungureni, Prahova County during 6 sampling campaigns from 7 wells. The evaluation was based on determination of some specific parameters, as follows: pH, electrical co...

Green roof infrastructure has become a multi-million dollar industry in Germany and is gaining popularity in other European countries as well as in other countries all over the world. Green roofs are more than just soil and plants on a roof, but consists of specialized membranes and drainage barriers to support the growing of vegetation on top of buildings. The mitigation of the urban heat islands and the reduction of cooling loads are the main advantages of this roofing system. Therefore, green roofs could play a...

In particular, Sub-Sahara Africa and Uganda?s energy sector is dominated by biomass, which contributes over 90% of the total expendable energy. Herein firewood and charcoal contribute more than 85%. The main use of biomass energy is cooking and or heating either as firewood or charcoal majorly by local households. There is also huge demand from commercial activities such as the production of bricks and some factories. In many areas, biomass continues to be the energy source of choice due to unavailability or unaff...

This paper shows laboratory researches in order to extract arsenic and cadmium from the polluted soils. Research is based on preliminary studies regarding the usage of microorganisms which were selected from the same sampling points of soil assays for decontamination of soil polluted with heavy metals (As and Cd). The soil samples are subjected to the cleaning process with different extraction solutions (9K medium and chemical solutions) stirred 200 rpm for 72 hours at a controlled temperature (32 °C). During the ...

Geophysical data interpretation methods are very important for the study of the Earth?s internal structure and gas and oil exploration. In this paper we offer a method to interpret gravity anomalies (identification of the local density of inhomogeneities) based on new grid algorithms: a three dimensional density distribution is constructed as grid functions by identified anomalies from the sources split along horizontal layers. Algorithm is based on new grid techniques of 3D gravity inversion. The initial approxim...

Urban productive landscape has become a form of urban development increasingly separating from typical urban forms. Diagnosed and fairly well analyzed in the case of American, African cities and more often ? European ones, forms of development between what we now understand as the concept of a city, and what is differing it from rural landscape areas. Basing on definitions developed by researchers such as U. Giseke (agroforopolis, beautiful productive landscapes), A. Viljoen, K. Bohn and J. Howe (productive urban ...

In the paper the precipitation of arsenic and iron from an acid drainage water of the Berikul mine wastes by using lime milk, NaOH, and Na2S were studied. The wastes were stored in the southern part of the Komsomolsk tailings impoundment, near the Komsomolsk settlement (Kemerovo region, Russia). The interaction of natural waters with the wastes produced ultra-acid drainage with a pH of about 2, with arsenic content of 1.3 g/l and iron - 6.5 g/l. The results of in situ experiments showed that adding lime milk and s...

This paper identifies the main Green and Blue growth impact evaluation analytical approaches, underlines the Blue and Green growth skills governance framework through technical and vocational education and training concept and provides structured categories of skills and competences needed. By using comparative SWOT analysis and secondary statistical survey of labor market and economic data relevant for analyzing structures and developments in the green economy of the regions and in-depth research on selected Trip...

In conditions of modern industrial city production, the main unfavorable factor is industrial dust, the pathogenic effect of which is aggravated by an uncomfortable microclimate. To date, there is no information about the early stages of cytomorphological changes in the cells of the kidney tissue when exposed to unfavorable factors of industrial dust. The aim of the experiment is to assess the qualitative and quantitative composition of renal tissue cells in rats during inhalation priming with industrial polymetal...

In 2015 in Latvia, the total value of agricultural output in constant prices (including subsidies on products) reached EUR 1.25 billion, and the value of crop products accounted for 63% of the total. The world population will increase by 35% by 2050; therefore, the Latvian Agricultural Sector Analysis Model (LASAM) has been developed for making projections for agricultural industries. The overall objective of the research is to develop a dynamic simulation model for various crop sectors. The present research analy...

The transformation of hydrothermal processes in sediments is accompanied by the transformation of organic matter. Work presents an analysis of the change in the composition of the bitumoid of domanic sediments of the Volga-Ural oil and gas province with thermal effects on the specimen of the kerogen containing formation. The laboratory modelling of the katagenesis process on domanic rock sample was conducted in autoclave at a pressure of 50 atm, at a temperature range of 200-350 °C with the addition of water, and ...

Tatarstan is one of the richest regions of Russia in terms of oil deposits. There are more than 100 oilfields with more than 3 000 000 000 tons of oil extracted up to day. The main deposits concentrated in in Devonian and Carbonic deposits, controlled by different genesis traps. Tatarstan is divided into 3 parts by the main rivers ? Volga and Kama. The main oil deposits concentrated in the South-East part (South Tatar arc), while there are almost no oil in the North (North Tatar arc). To understand the structure o...

Modern buildings require energy-efficient heating and cooling method for the both parts of the system, the heating/cooling source and the heating/cooling distribution system. Modern heating and cooling systems typically combine a reversible heat pump with a low temperature radiant system. Thermally activated building systems (TABS) use the large thermal mass of concrete from building structure as a buffer for lowering the cooling and heating loads during the day. In this paper we illustrate the floor covering infl...

The presented paper covers the research of combustion products of selected natural and synthetic polymers and their key properties in terms of toxic effects on living organisms and the visibility in the area affected by fire. The samples of silver birch (Betula verrucosa Ehrh.), common oak (Quercus robur L.), Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.), polyethylene and polypropylene were investigated. The examined materials were compared in the regard to their toxicity of the combustion products based on the carbon m...

This paper provides a comparative study of the energy consumption and energy efficiency of a HVAC system with three configurations. This system was used to cool an experimental room in an office building in more control scenarios realized by adopting different cooled water temperatures and chiller cooling systems. It is proposed an air?water mist cooled system for an air-cooled chiller. The three configurations of the HVAC system have the following configurations: (1) air handling unit (AHU) and fan-coil units (FC...

The progressing depletion of fossil fuels necessitates the search for renewable sources of energy around the world. The reconstruction of small hydroelectric power stations is an alternative solution for the sustainable generation of energy. The objective of this study was to reconstruct a small hydropower plant in its former location. The average water flow and annual water flow were calculated, and the results were used to design a water turbine with a gear unit and a generator. An Archimedean screw hydroturbine...

The buildings contribute largely to emissions of greenhouse gases. By bringing about changes in this sector, we can achieve significant reductions in these emissions, with an important role in achieving the EU objectives on Near Zero Energy Building (NZEB). According to the European Council, the energy consumption of buildings represents 40% of total energy consumption, contributes to 36% of the emission of greenhouse gases. Worldwide population growth, especially in urban areas, causes an increased consumption of...

Worldwide, the yogurt is a very popular fermented dairy food and it is known for its health benefits, nutritional value and digestibility. The factors that influence the quality of yogurt are milk composition, dry matter content, the temperature and time at which pre-treatment of the milk is carried out, the type and the quantity of starter culture used, incubation temperature and storage conditions for the final product. A major problem in the production of yogurt is the whey separation. In the yogurt industry, s...

The carbohydrate (2.9-7%), vitamins (A, B, B2, B6, C), salts of important mineral elements (K, P, Fe, Ca, I, Mg) and organic acids (0.5-1.5%) content from tomato fruits is very important. The tomato is widely cultivated all over the world and a very popular and important crop in Romania. The grafting is considered an important technique for the sustainable greenhouse vegetable production. This research was conducted on import tomato hybrids appreciated in south side. Two Lycopersicon esculentum rootstocks - ?Emper...

Waste storing and managing is one of the most challenging problems of the modern economy. Previously, drilling waste did not represent a subject of the so-called waste recoverable and utilizable, for instance applicable to land reclamation. Research works on transforming properties of drilling waste and improving the recovery method aimed at reclamation are presently developed. According to the current regulations, the drilling waste can be applied to recovery processes based on utilizing the waste in question who...

This investigation reports the influence of industrial waste material namely slag on the performance on cement composites. Recall that slag is a landfill material resulting from the extraction process of steel making. The scrap material was physically treated by crushing followed by ball milling and screening. The slag was mixed with the Portland cement and compared with traditionally Portland cement composite. The mix was casted into the desired moulds and allowed to cure at room temperature for 48h followed by o...

With the rise of the Internet of Things (IoT) and technologies such as robotics, AI and Big Data, new regulatory frameworks are deployed in an age where data is the most important thing for any business. Internet of Things needs specific attention in the scope of, among others, the GDPR and the ePrivacy Regulation. Smart energy solutions and related systems like smart homes, smart cities are growing and stay the essential part of the whole ecosystem, that we use to optimize the energy consumption. At the same time...

This paper deals with current applied research focused on energy gain from wastewater (WW) for heating and cooling in a new multifunctional building. Energy-saving and environmental protection technologies are becoming one of the most important issues in the design and construction in EU. Energy gain from WW is often associated with piping exchangers, but there are alternative methods such as input pipes with pumping station (PS) and heat exchanger system (HES) with automatic surface cleaning and solids removal. E...

Fish farming has a very long and rich tradition in the area of the Czech Republic. As the golden age of fish farming and building of fishponds, the second half of 15th century and whole 16th century are considered. In this period, huge number of fishponds was built in many parts of the Czech Republic. Many fishponds ceased to exist since this era but many of them remained until present. This means, besides others, that there are many fishponds within the Czech landscape which are very old. Some of them underwent r...

Road infrastructure is a vital system that has a direct influence on economy of states. In this regard, there is a direct relationship between the coating conditions of automobile roads and the country?s industrial development. This dynamic increases intensity and traffic congestion constantly. Thereby, it is necessary to eliminate the damages and increase the exploitation time of road coatings. This concerns mostly asphalt - concrete pavements which form the basis of automobile road networks in countries. Based o...

Two identical hollow fibre membranes used for ultrafiltration as prefiltration stage of water drinking treatment were tested for assessing the efficiency of cleaning, by using hydrodynamic cavitation. Each membrane with outside-in permeate flow direction, and the same molecular weight cut-off (0.097 m) was placed vertically inside glass cylinders. One hollow fiber membrane was subjected tohydrodynamic cavitation and cavitation during backlfushing. For the other membrane no treatment was provided for comparison rea...

Grape seed flour (GSF) is a viable ingredient used in bread-making to improve its nutritional value. Wheat flour bread is the most consumed bread, mainly produced from white flour which has a reduced nutritional value. In this study GSF from white wine pomace, at different particle sizes was used in wheat flour type 550 at levels from 3% to 9%. This type of wheat flour was of a strong one for bread making with a low deformation index which presented a low alpha amylase activity due to its falling number index valu...

The analysis of naturally fractured reservoirs is very comprehensive because of their structure, which includes the matrix of high porosity and low permeability as well as fractures of low porosity and high permeability. The situation is more complex in gas-condensate reservoirs in which the condensate accumulates in the fractures, what prevents them to maintain their base role as the most permeable conduit for the hydrocarbon flow. One of the most successful process to enhance recovery from dual porosity reservoi...

The goal of this article is to present the problem of sustainable, self-sufficient and off-the-grid buildings in cold climates. Living off-the-grid is a part of the drive for sustainable living, in accordance with the principles of sustainable development. Buildings that are self-sufficient and which are not a part of the traditional power generation infrastructure have, on average, a much smaller environmental footprint and produce much less carbon dioxide, relying on renewable energy sources and environmentally ...

Nazca lines in Peru are well known for their geometric precision and ancient images. It is assumed that these lines were created by ancient Nazca civilization almost 2,000 years ago, mainly motivated by religious considerations. Satellite images and publicly available images from airplanes and air balloons were studies, as well as on-site observations performed. The orientation, interconnectedness and quality of geoglyphs were evaluated. The results suggest that only a small portion of geoglyphs may indeed be very...

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the mineral content, total antioxidant activity and total phenolics content of pumpkin flesh and seeds from two varieties of autochthonous pumpkins Garden pumpkin (GP) and Styrian pumpkin (SP) purchased from the agricultural marketplace. The investigated samples consisting of Garden pumpkin flesh (GPF), Garden pumpkin seeds (GPS), Styrian pumpkin flesh (SPF) and Styrian pumpkin seeds (SPS) were subjected to mentioned investigations, as follows: the mineral content was analy...

Currently, a great emphasis is put on the environment, energy intensity, and therefore on applications of the renewable energy sources (RES). Putting a large amount of RES into the modern distribution systems represents certain problems we can address, inter alia, the variable energy outputs of RES aggregated together, including their accumulation managed by respective energy management system (EMS). The result may be the optimization unit commitment of RES distributed in the micro-grids of a fictitious intelligen...

In this study, the feasibility of zwitterionic surfactants for EOR from high-temperature and high-salinity reservoir was investigated. Three different types of zwitterionic betaine surfactants were selected based on their abilities to address issues of displacement oil from high-temperature and high-salinity reservoir. And their abilities of reducing interfacial and surface tension (IFT), increasing viscosity, and long-term stability at high temperature and high salinity were investigated and compared with the mos...

Oil and gas complex is one of the key branches of the Russian economy and at the same time its activity is one of the largest sources of environmental damages. Safety of the environment, occupational safety as well as minimization of the technogenic risk are the sphere of regulation of a new management direction ? HSE-management (from Engl. health, safety and environment). It allows us to coordinate the activities in protection of the environment, in safety of the staff and security of the technical objects. Impor...

In order to determine the impact on the working environment and the effects of pollutants on human operators, numerous measurements were made using an experimental stand in a forge, machine building, equipped with heating furnaces, treatment furnaces, mechanical presses, oxyacetylene flame cutting equipment and mechanical saws. The paper presents the equation of technological material balance with inputs and outputs corresponding to the process of hot forging of different semi-finished products and the main pollut...

Solar energy technologies have been in continuous development to cope with the increasing demand. Since the solar energy supply is variable in daytime and zero at night, a considerable amount of solar energy should be stored during the daytime to meet the demands at night. In any solar energy system, a storage unit is required because of the non-constant nature of solar energy; at certain times, only a very small amount of radiation or no radiation is received. This introduces the idea of using Phase Change Materi...

The article presents the fossil fuels combustion effects in terms of the dangers of increasing CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. Based on the bibliography review the negative impact of increased carbon dioxide concentration on the human population is shown in the area of the external environment, particularly in terms of the air pollution and especially the impact on human health. The paper presents biomass as the renewable energy alternative source to fossil fuels. Biomass can be an essential alternative to fo...

To combat climate change increase in carbon sink or forest cover is most important adaptation technique. India has committed to create additional carbon sink of 2.5 to 3 billion tonnes of CO2 equivalent by 2030 in Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC) submitted to Paris meet COP 21 (Conference Of Parties). A IPCC Tier II analysis of different mangrove sites of India will give a better snapshot of role of mangrove cover as carbon sinks to combat climate change and to achieve national target of carbon s...

The paper proposes an evaluation of the flavor potential of the Pinot Noir wine, in whose production technology maceration-fermentation enzymes were used and their influence in the context of variable temperature parameters. The GC_FID methods used led to the identification and quantifying of esters such as Ethyl Octanoate, Ethyl Decanoate, Diethyl Succinate, Ethyl Lactate, Isoamyl Acetate, Ethyl Acetate, Ethyl Formate, that combined led to the conclusion that maceration-fermentation enzymes and temperature contri...

Woody species play an important role in people?s life: improving air quality, managing storm water, have an aesthetic impact and provide a calming setting for recreation. The study examines the diversity and distribution of woody species in a settlement located very close to one of the most important cities, which are situated in the west part of Romania - Timisoara (city of gardens and parks). The analysis of trees and shrubs diversity highlights a number of 1945 broadleaves and coniferous trees, 3163 fruit trees...

Biogenic origin of the carbonate reef build-ups poses multiple questions associated with spatial porosity distribution in corresponding hydrocarbon reservoirs. Consequently, this paper focuses on 3D characterization of the voids observed within chosen carbonate samples. Not only the pore type and geometry are interpreted, but also the origin of pores is attempted to be resolved. Zechstein (Permian) biogenic reef carbonates were examined. The rocks have been withdrawn from the central part of the isolated Wielichow...

The use of magnetic susceptibility data in order to determine the lithology of river and lakes deposits has become an efficient and rapid method of analyzing sedimentary material. This paper aims to achieve both a more accurate determination of sediment lithology based on the study of the magnetic susceptibility of the cores extracted from the bottom of the rivers, as well as the rate of deposition. The sediment lithology and the deposition rate represent the most important information for the characterization of ...

One of the priority issues of humankind is global warming, due in particular to greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), the diminishing of which is a global priority. The use of heat pump systems over conventional boiler systems to produce heat for heating or cooling (boilers, chillers) has a significant impact in terms of GHG reduction. The GHG reduction process is characterized in particular by the COP of the heat pump systems and the greenhouse gas emission intensity resulting from the electricity generation process. F...

This paper presents the results of research of the influence of the rock-forming minerals on the decomposition temperature of the oil-soluble catalyst precursor in the process aquathermolysis of heavy crude oil. As the catalytic agent was used nickel tallate, which in the process of aquathermolysis of heavy oil is converted into an active form. Changes in the composition of heavy oil after aquathermolysis in the presence of a precursor catalyst were evaluated using the hydrocarbon type content analysis (SARA). In ...

Commonly, ?prebiotics? are defined as ?nondigestible food ingredients that beneficially affects host health by selectively stimulating the growth and/or activity of one or the limited number of bacteria in the colon? and they are associated with so-called bifidogenic effect. In addition, there are the alternative definitions of prebiotics to expand the number of compounds attributed as prebiotics. Nevertheless, the most of such substances improve gut microbiota modulation by means of especially metabolism of prebi...

According to research, global climate change is largely caused by excessive economic development and a consequence of CO2 emission and other gases as well as the production of heat caused by the urbanization of the world. It is estimated that 30% of the blame for causing global warming bears the building sector. The architecture has therefore in this respect unusual tasks to perform. Firstly, it is the task of creating new buildings and conversion of existing buildings in a way to maximize reduction of CO2 emissio...

In old times, hydrotechnical constructions, mostly dams were built for the single purpose of water supply or irrigation. As civilizations developed, there was a greater need for water supply, irrigation, flood control, navigation, water quality, sediment control and energy. Demand for water is steadily increasing throughout the world. There is no life on earth without water, our most important resource apart from air and land. During the past three centuries, the amount of water withdrawn from freshwater resources...