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In the present study, low-fat muffins in which butter has been replaced at different levels (50% and 100% respectively) with pumpkin seeds powder were prepared. The valuable content of the pumpkin seed powder in proteins, fibres, vitamins, minerals and its good sustainability are important reasons for adding this ingredient in the food products. The physical-chemical parameters: weight, moisture, moisture loss, volume and specific volume were determined during storage period. Minerals content was carried out by us...

Worldwide there is a constant effort to reduce energy consumption in order to prevent the climate change by decreasing the gas emissions. Another major concern of the authorities is to preserve conventional energy sources by using energy from renewable sources. European laws promote the improvement of the energy performance of buildings, by considering the outdoor climatic and local conditions, without disregarding the indoor climate requirements (comfort). Starting with 31 December 2020, all new buildings should ...

The article presents the results of experimental research carried out on a real object and analysis of the effect of preparing oil-related waste with various physical and chemical properties for combustion in a marine auxiliary boiler, on selected components of exhaust gases, such as carbon oxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) arising as a result of their burning. Oil-related waste comes from operating marine power plants; they are characterised by diverse compositions, heterogeneous structur...

Bucharest-Ilfov Development Region is located in the central part of the Romanian Plain and includes the Bucharest municipality (the capital of Romania) and Ilfov County. Man-made hazards can involve casualties and environmental pollution, also being recognized for the generated social, environmental and economic impacts. The current study entails the regional assessment of multiple man-made hazards (sometimes referred to as technological hazards) in one of the most developed Development Regions in Romania, i.e. B...

In installations in which flammable substances are processed, transferred or stored, explosive atmospheres generated by flammable gasses, vapors and mists or combustible dusts can occur. The assessment of these installations and equipment within is very important in order to verify the implementation of measures that lead to minimizing the risk of ignition of explosive atmospheres and occurrence of an explosion. In Romania, technical installations that operate in environments with hazard of explosive atmospheres m...

In order to design the RNAV (area navigation) precision approach (PA) or nonprecision approach (NPA) there is a need to collect vital information on runway, aerodrome obstacles, and other important factors that support approach and landing procedure. Therefore, the development of RNAV flight procedures requires the acquisition of relevant field data on objects that affect flight safety during its decisive stages. Designing of flight procedures, updating aerodrome maps and aerodrome obstacle maps, creating obstacle...

Polyvinyl chloride ? a synthetic polymer that has received widespread application as packaging material. Like any plastic, PVC does not decompose in the environment and usually recycled by burning or accumulating in landfills. Recycling of packaging materials is time-consuming and energy-consuming process, so because of that, it is necessary to explore ways of minimising the harm caused by use of plastic packaging on the environment: for example, degradation of the polymer in a natural way. One of possible options...

Shut-off valve is an important element concerning operation of the main oil pipeline. It has a major role in technical process and elimination of emergency situations. There is a necessity to raise the level of work efficiency of shut-off valve with the purpose of increasing pipeline serviceability. As a rule, electrical drive is used for operation of shut-off valve in oil transportation. According to this we have an urgent problem of electrical drive breakage caused by electric power supply interruption. It is a ...

The environment and its protection are among the most followed topics of today. Logging using forest machines is closely associated with the hazard of service fluids spills and their negative impact on the forest ecosystem. Engine oils represent the highest share of all service fluids used in forest machines. In the present study we tested engine oil fouled during regular operation of the forest machine. Synthetic, as well as natural sorbents can be used for a quick and effective removal of engine oil spills. Proc...

According to the literature [9,15] geothermal energy means a part of the Earth's energy resources accumulated in water, water steam and dry hot rocks. It is classified to a group of renewable resources, virtually inexhaustible due to its transfer from the Earth?s inside by conduction and convection. M. Kaczmarczyk [6] describes geothermal energy as a primary energy originated in the process of the Earth formation and as the energy generated by the radioactive decay. It has been evaluated that the global geothermal...

Surveying methods are precursors of strong earthquakes and play a big role to study current movements of the earth's surface. For this reason, the prognostic geodynamic polygons have been set. Almaty geodynamic polygon (GDP) was created in the years between 1967 and 1971. The area is located in the zone of 5 deep faults and it refers to Almaty seismic areas with magnitude of 9. Since 1971 in Almaty geodynamic polygon have been hold about 52 cycles of high-precision leveling classes I and II. Leveling network consi...

Cities have a significant contribution to the contamination of urban lakes by input with surface runoff, illegal wastewaters discharges, sewage discharges, which lead to increased eutrophication and reduce the ecological health status. Complex temporal monitoring is needed to understand the changes in water quality, including dissolved organic matter. This study presents the first temporal evaluation of dissolved organic matter from urban lakes, using fluorescence spectroscopy. Samples were collected from urban la...

In the framework of this paper, Latvian jewelry, which is made in the past twelve years, is studied by the field research method. The materials used and technologies applied in the making of jewelry were the subject of the research. Besides the specific examples of jewelry, also their authors, which have furthered use of advanced and favorable for environmental methods in the making of jewelry. Research data are obtained based on database developed by the author, which can be used in the Internet, where 804 photos...

Models for resource and environmental management should be as specific as possible, but complex, regional environments are highly variable and not readily compared, as would be desired for decision support. This paper presents selected tools to improve the transparency and quantitative character of modelling procedures and databases are presented. These methods are largely related to existing procedures for regional relative risk ranking, but also include system structural analysis and risk classification. Several...

Brief introduction on the use of GNSS technology in various fields of activity (We open with an introduction regarding the use of terrestrial laser scanning technology in various fields of activity and its use in the study of soil erosion. Next we present the use of geographical information systems (GIS) in our country and their use in various fields, including the study of soil erosion. The use of GIS in the study of soil erosion and the creation of databases with the areas where the phenomenon can be found leads...

Studying of regularities of forming of fresh underground waters of the Akmola region of Northern Kazakhstan allowed to reveal the main regularities of distribution of fresh underground waters against the background of waters of the raised mineralization. The role of tectonic violations in forming and distribution of underground waters influence, and also influences of a lithology of the water containing deposits on nature of circulation and the chemical composition of underground waters is established. Distinction...

The Russian poultry farms produce 10 million tons of litter and litter mass annually. These wastes are not disposed of properly, which leads to significant economic and environmental damage. Dry poultry waste can be used as a valuable fertilizer for seedbed preparation and spring fertilizing of winter crops. One of the major limitations for the direct application of organic waste in the soil is the presence of conditionally pathogenic and pathogenic microorganisms, preserving viability and virulence for a long tim...

The current hard-to-recover oil reserves in Russia stand for more than 60% of total recoverable oil resources. These kind of reservoirs with acceptable technical and economic indicators are extracted only by applying physicochemical recovery techniques. Thus, an important relevance is given to selection of most effective EOR technology, which is directed to decrease the residual oil saturation in rock formations. Various chemical reagents including composites based on water-soluble polymers are injected both in Ru...

Development of Fibre Engineered Cementitious Materials with Self-Healing Capacity (SH-FECM) was an important goal of the recent research programmes conducted in NIRD ?URBAN-INCERC? Cluj-Napoca Branch. Several theoretical and experimental studies were performed in order to improve the composites, considering both, fresh and hardened state properties and also the performance as filling material of the narrow spaces at the beam to column interface within the Hybrid spatial joint model [1]. Present studies are focused...

Conditions of manifestation, feature of chemical and isotope composition of soda groundwater of the southern part of Kuzbass - the world's largest coal basin have been studied. It is shown that soda groundwater is widely developed here within of coal-bearing sand-clay of Paleozoic sediments, are confined in zone of slow water exchange at depths from 100-200 up to 2000 m. At the same time soda groundwater are presented quite variously on chemical and isotope compositions, that has allowed to allocate them in three ...

Faults can act both as seal and as pathways for fluid migration and therefore correct evaluation of fault zone properties is one of key element for conventional hydrocarbon reservoir management. Nevertheless, the unconventional plays deformed by faults became increasingly in demand for petroleum industry. Lower Paleozoic sediments in central part of Baltic Basin are considered as potential unconventional shale gas system. Key TOC-rich intervals in the area of interest are Caradoc Sasino Formation and Lower Llandov...

The solving of European Commission (Research Fund for Coal and Steel) research project ?Bucket wheel excavators operating under difficult mining conditions including unmineable inclusions and geological structures with excessive mining resistance? is under way from 2015 to 2018. The Brown Coal Research Institute j.s.c. is a member of the research team comprising Czech, Polish, Romanian and Greek technical universities and companies. The main task of the year 2016 was the realisation of the three long term measurem...

This paper reports the synthesis of hybrid zirconium sol-gel coatings by sol?gel process at room temperature (25 °C), using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as a precursor and different alkyltriethoxysilanes (RTES) with variable organic functionality (methyl, vinyl and octyl) as surface modifying agents. All silica materials was prepared with zirconium(IV) propoxide (as cross-linking agent), by keeping the molar ratio of TEOS:RTES at 1:1, in acidic conditions. The zirconium sol-gel films were obtained by depositing the fi...

X-ray absorption near-edge (XANES) spectroscopy is an effective modern tool that can provide unique information on local atomic structure (bond lengths and bond angles) of geological materials. To extract such information with high precision from experimental XANES spectra, advanced theoretical analysis based on supercomputer modeling is needed. XANES spectroscopy and computer modeling have been applied to investigate local atomic structure of some terrestrial and extraterrestrials geological materials. XANES iden...

Consumers of organic products during the process of buying pay attention to information presented on the packaging, except for the product price and utility. Thus, food producers consider the packaging as one of the marketing elements and information included thereon, except for the informative function, also plays a marketing function. The objective of the article is to find an answer to the question: How information provided on the packaging influences the decision on the purchase of the organic product. To find...

During mining activities the constructions on the surface are usually influenced. Extent and time course of negative influences is dependent on array of geological, hydro geological and mining conditions and last not least also on the way of implementation of line construction (i.e. how it is ready to react to these awaited influences). In the past for that reason the array of calculation methods working with more or less precision with using for prognosis of influence of mining activities (i.e. influence of minin...

The development of modern technology affects all spheres of life. The use of such advanced technologies in urban management of individual processes and services is a concept of smart cities. The use of these innovative means leads to the efficient functioning of cities, reduce costs and often improve the quality of life of residents. Smart cities are a concept aimed at introducing information and communication technologies and tools for the effective management of sites and integrating citizens into his work. Smar...

Provision of the most comfortable and fast passenger transportation is the most significant goal for any taxi organization. Undoubtedly, the quality of cars and driver?s professionalism is an important factor for the organization?s success, however, the initial impression of the customer often depends on the quality and speed of dispatcher?s work. Failure to respond quickly to client?s question or an error during the order processing will result to negative customer views on the organization's ability to perform i...

Protection of groundwater against pollution is an important part of maintaining sustainable development. In addition to the impact of the anthropogenic activity, groundwater resources may be exposed to many different kinds of pollution e.g. during floods. In such areas, knowledge about spreading mechanism of pollutants can contribute to choose appropriate preventive protection e.g. hydrogeological, hydraulic, geotechnical or other different measures. The presented problem can be solved by finite element method in ...

The importance of the ecological exploitation of the treated sludge consists in the fact that it is generated in the treatment plants 365 days from 365, 24 hours from 24, but unfortunately the sludge exploitation is limited nowadays, no matter the chosen option. Practically there are no standard solutions, all the research options, respectively the exploitation of the sludge require costs and cooperation with the thirds, plus the sludge quality must conform to certain values imposed by law. The difficulty elements...

Soil erosion is a naturally occurring process on all land. The agents causing soil erosion are water (especially on sloping land) and wind (especially on horizontally land), each contributing a significant amount of soil loss each year. These factors are responsible for about 84% of the global extent of degraded land, making excessive erosion one of the most significant environmental problems worldwide. Soil erosion is a slow process that continues relatively unobserved, or it may occur at an alarming rate causing...

Metal Oxide Varistors are today used for manufacturing state of the art overvoltage protection equipment, at any voltage level, being one of the most common power electronic devices existing on the market. They are widely used because they have a very high non-linear dependence between the applied voltage and the resulting current, and a relatively high energy absorption capability in case of normal overvoltage shocks or even in case of permanent overvoltages. Researches could be carried out both for finding a new...

The dispersion is one of the most important pollution transport phenomena, which is used in numerical water quality models. The dispersion rate is described by the value of the dispersion coefficient in the advection ? dispersion equation. The most reliable way of determining the value of the dispersion coefficient is the field tracer experiment. The results of the field experiments are affected by various influences, which occur in the real flow conditions - one of them is the occurrence of transient storage zone...

Opinions on the potential uses of risk analysis and environmental impact assessment (EIA) are different. Although many experts, researchers, practitioners and policy-makers agree that risk analysis is a valuable tool to inform decisions, they disagree about the extent to which risk estimates may be biased and should be allowed to influence public policies to protect health and the environment and to be used within the EIA process. The quality and value of any risk analysis depends on the adequacy of the data and t...

In recent years, the focus is more, more often put on environmental protection and energy saving, therefore, a variety of alternative materials, and alternative procedures in the field of road construction are search. One potential option is to reduce the temperature in the production, laying and compaction of asphalt mixtures that favourable affects a carbon footprint. This is achieved by the use of organic additives and waxes, chemical agents or water (foamed bitumen). Depending on the additives, it is possible ...

The European Union has set a target to cut its greenhouse gas emission levels by 80% to 95% until 2050, if compared to 1990. Agricultural soil is an important carbon store and food provider in the world as well as greenhouse gas emission reducer via carbon sequestration. In order to assess the climate change mitigation effectiveness of the measures, it is necessary to obtain statistically significant data before and after the implementation. The greenhouse gas measurements from soil are commonly determined using s...

In this paper, we analyze almost ten years of continuous recordings (November 2007? April 2017) from 114 stations of the Romanian Seismic Network using the power spectral densities and their corresponding probability density functions (PSD PDF). For each vertical station component, we compute the statistical mode for noise levels from the PSD PDFs. The noise mode represents the highest probability noise level for a given station. We then construct the PSD PDF mode low-noise model for Romania (RONM) from the minimu...

The EU?s concentration limit for discharge from wastewater treatment plants is 1 or 2 mg P/dm3 for total phosphorus, signifying a P removal of 80% or more, in order to protect the environment, in sensitive areas which are subject to eutrophication. A membrane bioreactor (MBR) can bused for wastewater treatment, transforming it into reusable water when a tertiary treatment such as nanofiltration (NF) is applied. This step produces a concentrated waste stream. Membrane bioreactors (MBR) permeates are a potentially s...

The pastoralism, with tradition in the history of the Romanian people, embraces various forms. In this viewpoint, the entrance with animals on pasture is linked to the Orthodox religious holiday, Saint George, celebrated on the 23rd of April. In the Romanian people tradition, too, the entrance with animals on the pasture is carried out in spring, after the flowering of the blackthorn (Prunus spinosa L.) present in protection belts or green fences that delimitate parcels in the studied area. Under such circumstance...

The bakery industry has gone through a revolution in the last 150 years. Small handmade bakeries existing in almost every village are giving place to highly technologized bakery industry since it is considered that the bread made this way is more efficient. Productivity has become the key of success this period of time. New baking technologies have been developed to comply better with the new demands of the market. In the present context, the main goal of this paper was to investigate the impact of different bakin...

The aim this paper is to demonstrate the disadvantages, causes by destroying defenses dams in the Danube meadow in the area Ostroveni ? Corabia and to present the advantages of the ecosystems resettlement and natural baseline processes. In other words to demonstrate the need for renaturation, combined with modern methods of flood management risk, such as creating flood controlled enclosure. To achieve the goal of this paper have been created maps using ArcMap10.1 program. With their help it could conclude that the...

The scientific paper proposed deals with the reliability analysis of the average usage time of the brake pads as components of the braking system of the industrial front-end loader and transporter machinery used in mining operations in Romania. The research was conducted at the request of several mining companies in Romania, that are using the front-end loader and transporter machinery in their daily operations. The study is based on the empirical information and the preliminary reliability results that were recor...

Molluscs are frequently used as a biomonitor of heavy metals (HMs) pollution of sea water and fresh water. This is because mollusks are very sensitive to sudden change of abiotic factors, they have a high rate of metals bioaccumulation, and there is a correlation between HMs concentration in molluscs and water and bottom sediment. Gastropods are important for biomonitoring of fresh surface waters. It?s well known that gastropods as biomonitor organisms have several advantages such as a reasonable size for analysis...

Gemstones inspired people since the very beginnings of humankind due to their esthetic nature and as a symbol of lasting value and social superiority. Precious and decorative stones from the East Kazakhstan Region are known in this area of Central Asia since the early prehistory. The most precious among the Kazakhstan gemstones ? emeralds ? were processed by the factories in the Urals in the 16th-19th Centuries. Among other well-known non-metallic minerals there are sapphires, topazes and tourmalines, mostly occur...

Responsible and successful environmental management is necessary for protecting and restoring the natural environment. The interdependency of the earth?s ecosystems and the human impact on the environment present complex challenges to governments and businesses as well as scientists and environmentalists in every discipline. Environmental contamination due to mining in South Africa gradually draws consideration from decision makers and local residents. Ecological awareness within the mining companies also rises as...

The territory of Slovakia is in Central Europe at the interface of the parts of the continent that are influenced by continental and by oceanic climates. This is reflected in the variability of weather and climate characteristics. Apart from traffic load, change of climatic conditions are one of the constant external factors with adverse effects on physical and mechanical properties of different structural multi-layers in pavements. These impacts together with frost index and their corresponding changes significan...

Gas flow through porous media is a physical phenomenon commonly occurring in natural environment and in many industrial applications. This phenomenon is most often connect with filtration process and migration of gases through different porous structures, mainly rock media. In these medium there occur free spaces of different shapes, in which flow of gas is possible. These spaces create pores (for which longitudinal dimension and transverse dimensions are similar) and gaps (for which transverse dimension is consid...

Air pollution is a big problem of the last few decades due to aggression on human health, on all environmental components, generally on the natural or built environment.European directives on environment quality introduce the concept of modeling on quality of air ambient assessment and management, as a technique of measurement, calculation, prediction and assessment of the levels of pollutants.It is very important the role that the modeling pollutant dispersion has in the air quality assessment, while representing...

Surveying documentation of the buildings that are parts of cultural heritage are important materials for their operation, maintenance, reconstruction or restoration. Castle Helfenburk near ??t?k is a nice example of ruins of a medieval manor house, where outer walls with battlements and gates and main tower are well preserved. However, the surveying documentation of the castle was incomplete and some parts, mainly the interior ones, were not documented. Therefore we carried out complex measurement and we created d...

Nowadays, deforestation process in Romania is in a growing trend considering the need for wood in industrial process, the fast rate of illegal logging and the need for lands in agriculture. Forest areas are subject of an increase pressure from socio-economic factors. Wood is used frequently as construction material and combustible. We investigated the evolution of forest areas in North-East Development Region and the incomes in economy related to forest activities (sylviculture and other forestry activities, loggi...