Browse

This work is investigation of the rheological properties of the developed additive based on polymer - sevylene with the addition of nanostructure alumina particles were studied. The regularities of the decrease in the dynamic viscosity at the temperature range from 20 to -10В° In the course of the studies, a regularity was revealed, showing that for oil at a shear rate of 0.028 to 1.4 s-1, a sharp decrease in viscosity from 1800 to 336 mPa?s is observed. For oil with an additive, the viscosity decreased from 1200 ...

The Organization of the future is a modern organization which combines old staff know how with young staff enthusiasm and management tools customized for knowhow transfer. EU migration, global economic situation, crises, IT new challenges (global networks), robotics and the new way of human being interaction contribute to a new society, to a new business approach. Knowledge transfer will make a difference; will create a new framework for new business models designed to survive on the market. The question is whethe...

Recent research has demonstrated that landscape fragmentation causes biodiversity loss. Our main objective was to evaluate the landscape fragmentation by analyzing land use and land cover (LULC) change in the Subcarpathian area, during the post-communist period. We used the spatial data from the EEA CORINE Land cover database (CLC 1990 and CLC 2012) to calculate six landscape metrics in the Patch Analyst 4 (Grid) software, in order to express the modifications in size, composition, spatial distribution of patches ...

As a rule, landscape conditions are not static. It is constantly changing, and in some cases repeats the trend of global change. In some cases, it is caused by the local, region specificity. The current landscape change, which is going on for a long period, is often human induced. The scale of such impact determines the degree of landscape transformation. The work is about Samtskhe-Javakheti region, which is located in the southern part of Georgia. The region is distinguished by its diverse environment, alternatin...

This work offers a practicalmodelof anautomated environment parameters monitoring system; a multifunctional soft-hardware complex of technical solutions for collecting, transmitting, processing and analyzingdata.The proposed system can embed different type of sensorsfor chemical emissions monitoring in industrial plants.The whole systemis based on the LoRaWAN communication protocol and a self-flying drone system. The experiments showed that our system is trustworthy; the values collected can be used as reliable ev...

Waste and the landfills have been accompanying man for centuries. Although modern technologies limit the impact of landfills on the environment, the landfills where waste materials used to be buried still have an impact on the environment. The studies into the waste itself are performed on small samples, mainly with static leaching tests. These are quick and relatively cheap methods. However, conducting leaching tests on small samples may result in failing to detect some leached substances. Lysimeter studies, due ...

We performed a study of the anomalous magnetic field features of the Nether-Polar and Polar sectors of the Urals (48-72В° E and 60-68В° N). We identified and mapped magnetic anomalies due to the Earth's crust layers. The calculated local magnetic anomalies map allows allocating basic-ultrabasic massifs in the upper parts of the basement within the sedimentary basins. After regional magnetic anomalies interpretation and deep seismic sounding data along profiles, located in the study area we build an Earth's crust s...

Polish energy security is determined by numerous diverse factors. The country?s energy security level and the character of energy policy are significantly influenced by national resources, so the energy mix structure is mainly based on hard and brown coals. Other influential factors result from the political and economic situation in the region and the world. The European Union?s energy policy is directed at decarbonization and an increase in the share of renewable energy sources. How do the transformations threat...

The article deals with solutions for the management and maintenance of sewer networks and prevention of failures and accidents that arise on these large systems. In connection with ensuring the reliable operation of drainage systems for the urbanized area, the most recent issue of the renewal of these large-scale systems has become more and more frequent. Many of the sewer networks and their accessories today are not only at the limit of their theoretical life, but some sewer networks have already exceeded this li...

Prediction and monitoring of earthquakes and human-induced seismicity is still a crucial issue primarily due to the random nature of that phenomena. The continuous monitoring of earthquakes made by seismology is well known and developed. The remaining effects of earthquakes ? ground displacements, are much more problematic in measurement. Moreover, estimation of the scale and extend of ground movements caused by that phenomena often requires a combination of several measuring and analytical techniques. Currently, ...

The one of most important topics regarding to the operation of long stroke marine engines is maintaining the serviceability of engines cylinder liners and piston rings. During operation of engines cylinder liners lubrication to be properly adjusted by adjustment of cylinder oil feed rate to maintain proper wear rates. This process must be monitored to avoid engines failures. Close monitoring wear of liners and piston rings gives opportunity to optimize cylinder lubricating oil feeding rates to reduce cylinder oil ...

During operation of Marine Long Stroke Engines used as a ships main propulsion, an excessive wear of cylinder liners and piston rings and problems associated with scuffing have frequently occurred. Such failures share the highest proportion in statistics of all engines failures. In order to prevent all these problems, it is necessary to conduct assessments of cylinder liners and piston rings condition frequently, during normal operation of engines. To identify wear factors of piston rings analyzed the wear records...

The use of electrical energy in potentially explosive atmospheres involves various particularities, fact for which there have been raised a lot of issues concerning the design, construction and exploitation of electrical equipment and installations intended to be used in these atmospheres. This paper presents the explosion protection principles implemented for the type of protection encapsulation ?m? which are based on the adoption of certain separations between the encapsulated circuits and the other circuits, by...

The article presents the methodology of conducting experiments related to the process of composting under laboratory conditions. For this purpose, a set consisting of eight fully metered reactors imitating the composting process under real conditions was built. In the insulated chambers, bayonet thermometers were placed, air coolers, condensate tanks and drains were installed. During composting experiments with daily measurements, the composition of gases coming from individual reactors is examined, i.e. CO2, NH3,...

The article presents the possibilities of modern use of historical mining excavations in geotourism and industrial tourism on the examples of selected post-mining structures in Poland. Issues related to the subject matter of historic structures, such as relics of former mining works and the significance of post-mining structures as a specific type of tourist products were discussed. The methodology was proposed for making post-mining structures available for tourism purposes, including analysis of particular condi...

In this paper we presented the calculation algorithms and the software for the calculation of the moving average with various windows, for calculating the analytical expressions of the polynomial tendencies of various degrees and for the calculation of the correlation factor variation between two parameters. Trend analysis is part of the field of regression analysis that satisfies the smallest squares criterion. The difference between the calculated value of the trend surface at a certain point and the value obser...

The anaerobic fermentation of biomass in methane-tank during the biogas production is considered. The process of individual bubbles lifting upwards and its simultaneous interaction with solid particles with mixing of the nascent substrate is analyzed. The forces acting on the bubble are given and a differential equation is developed that characterizes the biogas bubble movement in the organic mass substrate. The mathematical dependence of the flooding rate of the biogas bubble is developed and an example of solvin...

The article presents a way of identifying and modeling sound features in an urbanized environment. The subject of article is focused on the problem of noise pollution modeling coming from moving technical objects, i.e. vehicles that are potential sources of noise. In this case, the vehicles are treated as multi-source acoustic energy emission objects. The proposed approach assumes the occurrence of variable relations in the system: source-path propagation-receiver. In the presented method the information carrier i...

The flow of gases through porous media is a common physical phenomenon occurring not only in the natural environment but also in a number of technical applications, including the industry. The flow of gases through rock porous media takes place during exploitation of numerous energy resources ? not only during the excavation of hard coal (the flow of a gas mixture through goaf with caving) but also in the course of exploiting crude oil and natural gas (the flow through shale rocks). The issue of gases flowing thro...

Geophysical exploration, the necessary part of oil and gas exploration, generates more and more data, subject of processing. The most powerful super computer clusters are used by business and academic institutions. However, often it is necessary to have evaluation of the measured data shortly after measurements, even in the field. Modern computer architectures, namely Graphic Processing Units (GPUs) and Field Programmable Gates Arrays (FPGAs) provide a good basis for PC-based fast data processing, to have, say, su...

The article presents a combination of modern methods regarding the problem of sedimentation processes. Suspensions are widely present starting from exploiting processes, through processing of natural resources, metal casting and processing, chemical engineering, problems of supplying drinkable water, and to sanitary engineering and technological processes of water preservation. Processing of suspensions using sedimentation is commonly used in previously mentioned disciplines. It is usually made by clarification, d...

The paper is devoted to construction of the time efficient algorithm for solving the structural inverse gravimetry problem. The problem is in finding by known gravitational data multiple interfaces between layers with different constant densities. This problem is described by a nonlinear integral equation of the first kind; so, it is ill-posed. After discretization of the area and approximation of the integral operator, the problem is reduced to solving a system of nonlinear equations. An efficient method was cons...

In our article, we have focused on measuring the magnitude of adverse impacts caused by blasting in tunnels on surrounding areas. Disconnection of the rock massive during tunnel construction takes place due to the release of energy from the blast, which changes to the energy of the seismic waves and causes deformation of the rock massive integrity. Blasting works generate noise and seismic waves with changing maximum oscillation velocities and a wide spectrum of frequencies. The intensity of vibrations of the seis...

Air pollutants coming from human activities (anthropogenic) may be generated in the atmosphere at high concentrations and they are a potential problem due to their harmfulness to the environment as well as to the population. These high concentrations of atmospheric pollutants can have a significant impact through the formation of a transient local microclimate. Educational activities imply knowledge of this degree of pollution as well as its level through continuous monitoring over time. The monitoring was carried...

The diversity of ecosystems in the mountainous regions is generally higher than in the lowland territories. In this regard, there is no exception to the Caucasus region. The central part of the Greater Caucasus Mountain System, which is located within the Republic of Georgia, consists of fiveadministrative units (Mestia, Lentekhi, Tsageri, Ambrolauri and Oni) and is 3 historic-ethnographic provinces (Svaneti, Lechkhumi, Racha). The study area is 8157 km 2 and the hypsometrically ranges from 315 m to 5203 m. Our re...

First indication of habitation on the site of the future Halmyris fortress dates back to early 6th century BC, when the region was inhabited by the Getae. The Roman fortress, constructed in 2nd century AD, was the easternmost one in the chain of fortifications built under Roman occupation along the Danubian border of the empire and was abandoned in 7th century AD after it lost its economic and strategic importance. The site is located on Murighiol-Dunav?? promontory 2.5 km east of Murighiol village at around 1.5 k...

An analysis of the stratigraphic positions of the Neogene coal facies in Romania and in the countries around lead to a first cyclo-stratigraphic coherent scheme for the Neogene in the Central Paratethys (?icleanu et al., 2001). This was based upon the warm and cold phases of a climatic cycle with 4.1 ma period highlighted by us since 1998 (Prague), named ?Valach climatic cycle? at that time. This scheme was also based on absolute geological ages of the Neogene important limits: Paleogene-Neogene (23.8 ma), Miocene...

The Khibiny massif is the world?s biggest alkaline pluton with the size of 44 x 35 km in the plan and the area of some 1330 km2. The Devonian intrusion is a conical stock passing into the lopolith. To date, a set of observations and phenomena has been compiled, characterizing the Khibiny massif neotectonics as very complex and contradictory in many respects. It stands out with its high compressive stresses (first tens MPa) of the sub-horizontal position in the area of exploited deposits; major faults traced along ...

The species have been harvested from straw cereals by Barber soil traps.The gathering has been made during the growing season from spring until harvest. In the Barber traps, which consisted of plastic containers height of about 10-12 cm and 8-10 cm in diameter it was placed a solution of about 4% strength formalin. Six traps were used for each experimental variant, with a total of 18 traps. There were done many collection of materials at intervals of 10-12 days, the samples were labeled on each sample specifying: ...

In-Situ Combustion is one of the most important and promising methods for enhancing oil recovery for both light and heavy crude oils from reservoirs. In this method air is injecting into the oil reservoirs and causes ignition and in the next step it effects combustion inside of reservoirs. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy as a fast and accessible technique was used to monitoring the light and heavy crude oils oxidation behavior. Herein, we investigated two light and heavy crude oils based on temperatu...

The world leader artificial lifting method is sucker rod pumping when considering the lifted well?s number. However, those sucker rod pumped wells are mostly stripper wells. The optimal production of stripper wells is a key-question in the life of mature oil fields close to abandonment. Sucker rod pumping is a well-known technology however production optimization and continuous operation supervision are essential for the economical production. The economic considerations are more powerful limitation factors for st...

The article presents a comparison of the advantages of natural refrigerants R717 or R744 (with low global warming potential ?GWP and zero ozone depletion potential ? ODP) instead of R404A. Energy Efficiency is also analysed. Romania signed Kyoto and Montreal Protocol and in the same time as a new member of EU has the obligation to respect the environmental legislation as Energy Efficiency Directive, Eco-Design Directive, and Regulation 517/2014 cold ?F-Gas? and to solve Certification System in the field of Air Con...

Amines are the key intermediates for agricultural, pharmaceutical, textile, polymer industry etc. The common method for the amines production from the fossil resources, in spite of the high yield of the target products, is characterized by the high amount of side toxic products. Nowadays the production of bio-based amines, in particularly the derivatives of sugars, is of the growing interest. This route of amine production results in the minor waste formation and can be considered as a sustainable. Among various r...

A number of small mountain ranges (horsts) separated by small basins (grabens) with Tertiary sedimentary filling appeared in the Western Carpathians mostly in their NW and N part. The Tatry Mts. and smaller so called Ru?bachy ?island? are the northernmost horsts from a series of Western Carpathian horsts. Our magnetotelluric measurements focusing particularly on the nature of the Sub-Tatra fault and the interconnection of the Tatry Mts. with the Ru?bachy ?island? confirm steep dip of Sub-Tatra fault in the souther...

The first isolation of the Paratethys from the Tethys Ocean (that included the Mediterranean region), at the beginning of the Oligocene Epoch, at around 33 My (million years) led to significant palaeobiogeographical changes in Europe. The present day Romanian territory belongs, since the Oligocene and up to the Middle Miocene, to the Central Paratethyan domain and afterwards was included in the Eastern Paratethys. The palaeogeographical isolation, produced in the Eastern Carpathians at the Eocene-Oligocene boundar...

Waste from poultry farms represents the greatest danger to people and the environment among all types of bio waste. Approximate estimates show that in Russia up to 15 million tons of manure and a mixture of litter with sawdust or straw are formed annually. The original litter is a toxic substance; the main bacteria in the litter are E. coli and Salmonella. The process of torrefaction of a mixture of manure and sawdust was studied. The torrefaction proceeds in a reactor consisting of three sections with horizontal ...

An exceptional occurrence can generally be regarded as a manifestation of risk. In order to handle it, it is necessary to have sufficient amount of information about the risk itself as well as about potential sources and means to deal with the situation it evokes and the preparedness of citizens. In Slovakia, it is mainly the risks of natural character which are, for the purposes of crisis management, evaluated based on a methodology from the year 1994. The ever-extending list of potential risks leads to the need ...

The study area is located 80 km east of Denizli province. Sedimentary units in the study area are composed of conglomerate, sandstone, and mudstone containing coal. The aim of this study was to assess the thermal maturation and maceral associations of organic matter rich rocks from Hayrettin Formation by using organic geochemical and organic petrographic analysis. The total organic carbon (TOC, %) contents of sedimentary rocks range from 2.12 wt.% to 34.35 wt.%, and hydrogen index (HI) values are between 25 mg HC/...

Woodchip material is one of the most promising fill media for denitrifying bioreactors. Woodchip denitrifying bioreactors are used for nitrate reduction in the outlets of drainage systems, shallow groundwaters, etc. Despite their overall positive effect, undesirable leaching of organic compounds from the fill medium can occur during a bioreactor?s start-up phase. The released organic compounds can cause oxygen depletion and some of them can have a toxic effect on biota. The paper presents the quality of leachates ...

The paper is focused on literature review from the scientific works in area of utilization of biomass in agglomeration process. Actual environmental potential of biomass, as well as its availability, emphasizes the importance of this topic. The composition and properties of biomass differs from the fossil fuels. It is important to view on utilization of biomass in agglomeration process in wired then ecological context. Technological and economical parameters are also important for its utilization. The type pf the ...

Paleosol profiles from the reference section of the Urzhumian stage of Middle Permian in the Cheremushka Ravine, the Kazan Volga region, were studied in order to detail the paleogeographic and palaeoclimatic conditions. Field and laboratory methods, including grain size analysis, optical microscopy, X-ray fluorescence of siliciclastics, X-ray diffraction of clayey component, were used. Urzhumian succession of 70 m thick is represented by red-bed fluvial-lacustrine deposits with predominance of mudstones. The upper...

The results of the palynological analysis of the sediment core recovered in Lake Rubskoe (Ivanovo Region, Russia) in 2015 are presented. An environmental reconstruction of Holocene and late Pleistocene vegetation, climate and lake dynamic was inferred. Pollen analysis has shown that vegetation of the area was dominated by Betula pendula, Pinus and Alnaster. Herbaceous were mostly represented by Artemisia, Chenopodiaceae. Sphagnum spores finding in the in the upper layers of core indicates a significant moisture co...

In the context of climate change and sustainable development, the discussion has been raised in the society about the long-term benefits and possible losses of different farming types. In the discussions about the future of the CAP, it has been stressed that tackling climate change and preserving the environment is the most serious challenge facing the EU, and the CAP must help by setting new goals to ensure that EU farming contributes meeting the international commitments on sustainability. The paper deals with t...

The water pollution caused by nutrients has become a problem, especially in agricultural areas. Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) can cause the eutrophication of surface waters, and problems with their use as drinking water sources. One of the possible solutions is to employ denitrifying bioreactors, which are used for the reduction of high nitrate concentrations in shallow groundwaters. Our research was focused on the enhancement of these bioreactors with steel byproducts. These materials release Fe, which causes t...

Amines play an important role in the modern chemical engineering. It is a key intermediate for agricultural, pharmaceutical, textile, polymer and other fields of industry. Bio-basedamines, e.g. the derivatives of isohexides, are of a great attention. Nowadays, different methods of the synthesis of polyamides, polyimides, polyesters, polyurethanes, and polycarbonates on the base of isohexides are developed. Thus, mono- and diamine derivatives of D-isosorbide are considered to be a prospective feedstock for polyamid...

Seaweed extracts have many uses. Growth stimulation results obtained from different plant species are mentioned. Also, algae extracts are used to reduce biotic and abiotic stress. Salt stress is one of the most important factors decreasing the productivity of plants. High soil salinity can have a negative effect on major physiological processes. In our work, we investigated the response of Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. ?Berggold? plants treated with SuperFifty solution (1:1000 and 5:1000), under salt stress conditions...

The object of the study was the Ufimian bituminous sands and sandstones in the east of the East European Platform (Russian Federation). Bituminous sands and sandstones are confined to the Sheshmian horizon (Cisuralian, Ufimian Stage of the General Stratigraphic Scale of Russia). Interest in the study of bituminous rocks is associated with the depletion of traditional oil fields. Initially, bituminous rocks were considered as a source of bitumen for road construction, but in recent years they have been involved in ...

For produce electricity from solar energy, it would be necessary for an inverter to convert the continuu current (DC) into alternating current (AC). The inverter is the cause of problems affecting the stability of the power supply system because it is a switching device used to adjust the AC frequency as required. At the same time, it can cause harmonics that result in waveform distortions and affect electronic devices that receive energy. Then it could cause malfunction of the electronic device. In this paper, we...

In the tasks of managing energy resources and energy conservation, it is necessary to forecast the consumption of energy resources for a long period, with the detailed speci-fication of consumption over time intervals. A special case of such a task is the determi-nation of the annual consumption of energy resources and its division into monthly con-sumption, taking into account the changes in climatic conditions, the operating condi-tions of objects and other factors [1-2]. The paper suggests a method for predicti...

An exceptional occurrence can generally be regarded as a manifestation of risk. In order to handle it, it is necessary to have sufficient amount of information about the risk itself as well as about potential sources and means to deal with the situation it evokes and the preparedness of citizens. In Slovakia, it is mainly the risks of natural character which are, for the purposes of crisis management, evaluated based on a methodology from the year 1994. The ever-extending list of potential risks leads to the need ...