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In food industry water is used as a raw material, as a solvent for substances with different density when washing products and equipment, as transport water or merely cooling water.Quality monitoring of the hygienic drinking water and the waste water discharged is one of the conditions requested for all producing, processing, storing, keeping, shipping and marketing product supply units. The increase in acquisition, application and development of knowledge, advanced services and techniques in the fields of environ...

Multicolored asian ladybird Harmonia axyridis Pall. is a well-known aphid predatory species, of Asian origin. The species is classified taxonomically, at present, in the tribe Coccinellini family Coccinellidae. The species is considerate bivoltine, but may submit up to 5 generations/ year. The main role of the species is its use in biological control. A negative impact on potential benefits that accompany this coccinellid would be predation insects native to the same family. Current status of invasive species is t...

This paper presents the diversity of parasites species identified on cultured fish species, the degree of infestation and the epizootological state in nine fish farms (most of them producing fish fry for stocking other fish farms). These farms are located in five counties in the south of Romania (Arge?, DпїЅmbovi?a, Teleorman, Giurgiu and C?l?ra?i). A total of 653 fish were investigated. The fish species belong to two fish families namely Cyprinydae: Abramis brama, Cyprinus carpio, Carassius gibelio, Hypophthalmic...

Based on lithological and geophysical logging data obtained from shallow and deep boreholes drilled in the Republic of Moldova, Ukraine and Romania, it has been possible to map out the distribution of Ediacaran deposits across the south-western part of the East-European Platform. The Ediacaran sedimentary strata extend throughout the studied territory. Complete sections generally have a thickness of between 400 and 500 m, with a monoclinal dip of less than 1пїЅ from north-east to south-west towards the Carpathian ...

Sulphur is one of the major constituents of lignite. In addition, it is used to measure the negative environmental impacts of this raw material. The presented study included field work and laboratory work. Field work was aimed at collecting coal samples, which were subjected to a series of laboratory tests. In total, about 150 coal samples were collected and used for proximate analysis. In addition, a large database of archival results from mines and scientific literature was collected. Overall, more than 4000 coa...

Today energy consumption in the world is constantly increasing and therefore using energy more effectively and reduce energy consumption has been discussed a lot more. Nowadays, trend of stimulating renewable energy production is at the forefront. In this regard, in Slovakia use of renewable energy sources for home electricity and heat generation following European Union support and the project Green to Households is developed considerably. The return on investment on these funds is indeed longer, but we should ta...

In this paper we present the results of an analysis of 15 years of continuous GNSS/GPS measurements in Romania. The purpose of this work is threefold: monitoring of crustal changes occurring in the Romanian territory in correlation with tectonic processes in South-East Europe (Africa-Europe plate interaction), observation of crustal movements in order to establish the surface-to-depth relationship of deep earthquakes in the area of the Eastern Carpathians bend zone (Vrancea region) and improving the accuracy of th...

Current development in the European Union countries may be considered heterogeneous, even though their economic and social similarities. Each country achieves its economic and social goals with different success rate. It is similarly in relation to the complex value such as sustainable development. Evaluation of sustainability and sustainable development is problematic, because of sustainable development (resp. part of it) can be evaluated using the various indicators. It is, for example, the evaluation of sustain...

Mobility, besides housing and food/drinks, is considered one of the main consumption clusters with high impact on environment that includes pollution (i.e. noise), energy consumption and climate changes. Sustainable mobility therefore should be the task high on the agenda for the municipal development governance and, especially, environmental governance, particularly, keeping sustainability principle - to have the ability of people to travel and supply goods in a way that balances environmental and socio-economic ...

The urgency of sustainable development in the world requires seeking solutions to chronic problems of a number of the past decades. Several of the problems are associated with the environment and food supply. The current food supply system was based on conventional farming, yet such food was produced making negative environmental impacts. Organic primary food production is an alternative to the system, which is based on organic farms, the number of and the land area managed by which have considerably increased. In...

Food safety is all necessary to meet conditions and actions that must be taken during all stages of food production and food trade, to ensure the life and health of people. Many people do not think about where the food they buy come from, where it was produced, if in safe conditions. A large part of consumers do not read the labels to see what taste improvers or preservatives are included. And food that we eat affects our health, life. Food that does not meet the requirements, can cause a variety of diseases, incl...

Existing buildings made of masonry, have been subjected, within the time, to the action of external or internal factors, which led to important structural damage. Finding the suitable methods for structural rehabilitation for each building in order to conserve it, particularly the historical monuments, is not a simple thing, mainly if they are affected by seismic vulnerability. The paper submits the results of the research upon these buildings, regarding the technological process of fitting at the base of a buildi...

Drilling in permafrost is accompanied by a risk of specific complications related to the disturbance of temperature conditions. The risk imposes certain restrictions on the use mud motors, depths of installation of conductor pipe and surface casing, temperature of the circulation fluid, timing of cement curing etc. This article discusses a technology of additional reaming and reciprocating the wellbore just before running casing, which is based on the properties of cryogenic rocks. Conducted an analysis of technic...

The work is focused to study the impact of alkaline and metallic deposition on soil phosphatase activity. Area JelпїЅava - LubenпїЅk with specific alkaline pollutants is one of the most devastated regions of Slovakia. Mining and processing of magnesite is accompanied by enormous emissions of particulate matter of MgO into the air. The heavy metals Cd, Pb, Zn, Mn and Cr are also found in the dust particles. Seven research sites in the agrarian country of the problem area JelпїЅava and LubenпїЅk were monitored. Midd...

The analysis of environmental and economic effectiveness of the environmental management by cost indicators is important in the environmental policy of the enterprise. Volumes of environmental financing, indexing of environmental payments, formation and use of funds, the establishment of environmental insurance rates depend on the understanding of the category пїЅecological and economic efficiencyпїЅ. Studies have shown that the existing environmental cost-benefit analysis techniques in the evaluation of their eff...

Contribution deals with a future development of an area affected by brown coal mining. The area consists of Chomutov, Most, Teplice and пїЅstпїЅ nad Labem districts located in the northern Bohemia at the foot of the Ore Mountains. Even though the land is severely damaged by the coal mining, the future potential can be sustainable there. Due to good experience with reclamation and restoration processes, the area is constantly renewed and integrated back to the surrounding landscape. It is important to concentrate o...

High Nature Value (HNV) farming has been developed since the early 1990s as a policy tool to describe those farming systems in Europe which have the greatest biodiversity value and which depend to a great extent upon the continuation of specific farming systems and practices across broad areas of the countryside. Three types of HNV farmland have been distinguished: Type 1 пїЅ farmland with a high proportion of semi-natural vegetation, Type 2 пїЅ farmland with a mosaic of low-intensity agriculture and natural and s...

Until recently, the effect of various factors, which are due to the stressed state and physical weathering of a massif on the development of microfractures in igneous rocks in elastic-brittle state has been poorly studied. Therefore, the genesis of fractures of various sizes cannot be revealed and the strength of the massif cannot be reliably forecasted. The authors have assessed the conditions and formation pattern of microfractures in rapakivi granites from the Salmi massif, the Fennoscandian Shield, which displ...

There is a growing interest in the world in coal as critical raw materials. Coal also can be a carrier of many valuable components. An important geological and geochemical task is to find out the conditions for their accumulation in the coal. The complex of trace elements including group of rare earth elements (REEs) has been studied in the coal seams of the Volga-Ural region (Russia). The article is considered the main regularities and reasons of the concentration of trace elements in coal seams. In the Volga-Ura...

The analytical review was conducted of modern scientific-technical, regulatory, and methodological literature in the area of existing experience in assessing the sustainability of coastal systems and coastal infrastructure, as applied to marine spatial planning. The analysis showed that currently there is no uniform approach to the assessment of sustainability of coastal systems and coastal infrastructure, as well as various impacts on the environment. The existing global and regional concepts of assessment of coa...

The drilling and investigation of the Kola superdeep borehole SG-3 for the first time provided direct data on the structure and composition of the ancient continental crust at previously inaccessible depths. Rock density and their anisotropy in elastic properties were used as the main parameters for the formalized description of the borehole SG-3 section and the reference profile on the day surface. The first parameter reflects the rocks' lithology, the second accounts for the intensity of synmetamorphic tectonic ...

The article is a review of numerous studies devoted to the problem of identifying the main sources of pollution of the Ilek River and the underground water of its valley. The main sources of pollution are: the old sludge collector; new sludge collector; industrial site, soils polluted by the Alga Chemical Factory and dust from the dried surface of the sludge accumulators and the slag pipelines emergency leakage. It is established that in the sludge accumulators area the river drains heavily underground water conta...

The article aims at analysing the content of heavy metals in the soils of two rural administrative units of the municipality of Trzebinia namely Psary and P?oki which are located in the Silesian-KrakпїЅw Upland, in the western part of the Malopolska province, in Poland. The analysis of soil material was based on the determination of granulometric composition of the soil with the use of the Casagrande method modified by PrпїЅszy?ski (according to the industry standard BN-78/9180-11)[1], soil reaction in 1M KCl and ...

The requirements for maritime application are very strict because of the effects of seawater on the materials. All the devices operating in seawater should be waterproof because of corrosion and electricity dangerous. This problem is more important for electric motors and other equipment with rotating parts where there is a necessity to seal the output shaft and other connecting features in order to isolate the motor from penetrating of seawater. Differential pressure between seawater and air in the motor causes a...

Foam flooding is a promising enhanced oil recovery (EOR) method for water-flooded reservoir due to its good mobility control capability. When foam is injected into oil reservoirs, it will contact with oil, and oil will affect the performance of foam. Therefore, the effect of oil on the properties of foam has always been a key research topic for foaming flooding, but it is also a very controversial subject. Many researchers reported that the presence of oil is detrimental for foam stability, but some others believe...

The paper deals with the efficiency of selected sorption materials when used on selected chemical hazardous substances in practice. Experimental investigation to very real effectiveness of technic sorption materials has been made. Selected samples of technic sorption materials that can be used for the disposal of leaked chemical substance. Sorbent powders of Eco Dry, Spilkleen and textile sorbents of HKZP 4446 and E 1000 where used and applied as technical sorbents. They studied technical sorbents are mostly used ...

Almost 97 percent of water on the planet is seawater, 2.31 percent is frozen in glaciers; 0.66 percent is ground water, and only 0.03 percent of water is included in the hydrological cycle on the surface of the earth. The paper analyzes what factors of human behavior lead to a change in freshwater resources on the planet. The aim is to create a model which will show us the relations between the changes in fresh water reserves and human behavior. An ADL-model (autoregressive distributed lags model) was chosen as a ...

The problems of sintering process are dust emissions and pollutant emissions, especially SO2. During the actual production in the sintering process emission ceiling limits are exceeded. They are being implemented measures that prevent from breaking SO2 emission limit. The sulfur content of feedstocks influences both the quality of sinter and the pig iron and the amount of SO2 emissions. One of the possibilities is a partial substitution of coke dust with anthracite. World steel production will continue to be domin...

The main aim of our paper is to analyze and make proposals on the effective management of individual items that have a significant impact on profit or loss and the possibility of elimination of production risks. Attention is paid to the issue of management of production risks in the manufacturing plant in Slovakia. To obtain the necessary data, we draw information from internal materials. For management, it is important to know what risks it could negatively affect them. Identification, quantification of impacts a...

Pectinatella magnifica is freshwater organism, which round-shaped colonies are most often found attached to the different submerged parts of coastal plants and can reach the weight even several kilograms. Usually it can be found in oligotrophic to mesotrophic waters, during the season when water temperature reaches 20пїЅC and more [4]. Although Pectinatella magnifica originally comes from North America, it has recently been known as an invasive species in Europe and part of Asia. The first recorded occurrence in E...

Several pots belonging to Neolithic cultures from the Romanian Plain contain crystals of brown hornblende. The brown hornblende is a calcic mineral belonging to the amphibole family, a highly complex series of inosilicates. Interestingly, the clay used as raw material for these Neolithic pots contains green, not brown, hornblende. No neighbouring sands (which could be added as a temper) contain such brown crystals. Therefore, the existence of the brown hornblende can be explained by in situ formation at the expens...

Sustainable development requires a multidimensional approach which takes into account at least three dimensions: economic, social and environmental. The defining characteristics of sustainable agriculture are: increased productivity; economic profitability; food safety and environmental protection. Through this work we try to analyze the influence of predominantly agricultural indicators on sustainable production and consumption in Romania. The study was made based on the statistical data available online, at Temp...

Historically, the local administrations in Romania have not had a tradition of allocating significant amount of funds to environmental protection. The allocations, however, increased after the accession of the country in the European Union. While up to 2010, the environmental protection expenditures were included in the local development and social housing budget chapter, as of 2011 the local budgets received a dedicated budgetary section. The impact of these expenditures has not been assessed comprehensively espe...

As a result of the massive industrialization, the eastern area of the Jiu Valley presents a significant degradation on the environment factors especially on the soil and water. The influence of mining activities on the environment begins with the prospecting and mining activity of the mining deposits and increases with the development of the productive activities. In the Eastern part of the Jiu Valley there are two active mining fields of a total of seven. The choice of the sites for the mining perimeters and the ...

Urbanization is a global process most widely spread in the second half of the 20th century. In 2009, the urban population was equal to the size of the rural population and its importance is growing now. City conditions are so specific that at present some scientists note the excistance of processes that form a new adaptive type of man at the phenotypic level пїЅ urban type in addition to already existing high-mountainous, arctic, temperate latitudes and tropical types. The main groups of factors that affect the st...

Digestate is a liquid residue from anaerobic digestion in biogas plant. Digestate contains a high proportion of mineral nitrogen and other macroelements and microelements necessary to plant growth. Recycling of nutrients contained in digestate back to the soil is considered as the most suitable utilization of digestate. The digestate used in experiment was taken from agriculture biogas plant which uses pig manure and corn silage as input raw materials. This paper presents the results of laboratory pot experiment i...

The physical properties of salt make excellent conditions to overcome chemical and physical nature of hydrogen. Hence, hydrogen storage in salt caverns is one of the industrial methods except for depleted oil/ gas fields. The hydrogen has the smallest atomic radius in whole periodic table. It can attract the electrons of other atoms very easily which makes it reactive. A good sealing of pipes is a very important issue in underground hydrogen storage in salt domes. The cementing slurry should be pumpable and compat...

The most important problems with a negative impact for Romanian coast, the erosion phenomen, are given by the numerous conflicts between the development of various economic activities and it is necessary to implement a system for preventing the further deterioration of shoreline. Coastal protection systems can be represented by linear structures perpendicular to the shore, called groynes. The groynes trapping sand on the upstream side and in this way, protect the coast behind the sand filet. The protection depends...

Studies by and X-ray microanalysis and the magnetic methods showed the distribution of impurity elements over the scan area. There were identified phases containing copper, nickel and copper, nickel and cobalt and also the inclusions with a high content of copper and nickel. The concentration of individual elements was varied from sample to sample. There are areas highly enriched by iron and sulfur. The presence of native elements indicates a change of a temperature mode of processes of ore formation. The position...

Mastitis affects not only the health of milk-producing animals, having a direct consequence on the farm profitability, but it also affects the animalsпїЅ well-being. After performing the microbiologic examination of the milk samples coming from cows diagnosed with sub-clinical mastitis, were isolated 9 different species, out of which 7 species of bacteria and 2 species of fungi. The predominant species were those of staphylococci, Staphylococcus intermedius being isolated in 45,45% of the samples. The second speci...

This work presents the results of the study of the different content (0-7 wt.% in increment of 1 wt%) effect of bentonite microparticles on the mechanical and barrier properties of gelatin/potato starch/glycerol (90/10/30 wt.%) edible biocomposite films. The biocomposite films are prepared by casting method from film-forming water solution and characterized by thickness, moisture content, transparency, mechanical test at puncturing, water barrier properties and water solubility. Increasing the concentration of ben...

Extra-heavy oil is considered as one of alternative energy sources mainly because of reserve potentials, rich in organic compounds and rare transition metals like V and Ni. Extraction from this hydrocarbon resource has always been a challenge due to high oil viscosity and as a result low mobility within porous media. Conventionally the production from extra-heavy oil reservoirs is achieved by thermal methods such as SAGD, CSS, Insitu combustion, etc. However, these techniques do not consider the post productionsпї...

The problems of environmental protection and ensuring of the necessary level of environmental safety are relevant in a globalized world. In this regard, an achievement of balance between ecology and economy, the formation of "green" economy are a global trend. Sustainable business development, increase its competitiveness and value company growth, in turn, are inextricably linked with the intensity of the environmental activities of the enterprise. The article is devoted to the under-investigated problem the creat...

The aim of this paper is to provide new opportunities in geotourism development in пїЅtiavnica mountains area via the new evolving application for tablets and smartphones called пїЅLike meпїЅcreated by the artist Judith Hofland. It is a location based game which leads the user especially through the non familiar trails within the city or town. The proposal is to applicate this videotour not just in urban areas but also in geotouristic localities. Thanks to this interactive videotour tourists could not just explore...

This work is aimed at studying of the kinetics of the cellulose hydrolytic hydrogenation process. In the course of the study, the methodology of the process in a high-pressure reactor under subcritical water conditions in the presence of the optimal synthesised catalyst, 3% Ru based on hypercrosslinked polystyrene MN 270 (Purolite Ltd, UK) (3% Ru/MN 270) was developed. The optimal parameters of the cellulose hydrolytic hydrogenation process were selected: the temperature пїЅ 205 пїЅC, the hydrogen partial pressure...

The correlation between the spatial variability of basic soil chemical properties (soil pH-value, content of available phosphorus and potassium) and winter wheat yield was studied. The mentioned parameters were observed on the one 11-hectare field located in north-eastern part of Slovak Republic. The field was divided on the grid 50x50 metres for soil sampling. Totally were sampled 37 soil samples. The soil samples were analysed for pH value and contents of available phosphorus and potassium. Next the basic statis...

Shut-off valve is an important element concerning operation of the main oil pipeline. It has a major role in technical process and elimination of emergency situations. There is a necessity to raise the level of work efficiency of shut-off valve with the purpose of increasing pipeline serviceability. As a rule, electrical drive is used for operation of shut-off valve in oil transportation. According to this we have an urgent problem of electrical drive breakage caused by electric power supply interruption. It is a ...

The paper concerns the pores systems characterization of the Miocene mudstone samples provided by mercury injection capillary pressure (MICP) method. This analysis is the progressive intrusion of mercury into a porous structure under stringently controlled pressure. Since mercury does not wet most substances and does not spontaneously penetrate pores by capillary action, it must be forced into the pores by the application of external pressure. The required equilibrated pressure is inversely proportional to the siz...

Podhale (S Poland) is one of the most promising regions in the country in terms of its geothermal resource potential. The use of geothermal waters for heating purposes commenced there in the beginning of the 1990s. The Podhale region provides excellent conditions for the use of geothermal energy, such as a well-developed infrastructure for the heating industry, recreation, balneotherapy and other applications. The assessment of the geothermal potential should always take an accurate identification of the geologica...

This study aimed to assess the potential of renewable energy resources in Romania and the potential of distorting the energy resources consumption. In this respect, the authors compared the status of Romania with the status of two other countries, Estonia and Croatia, selected as their development of resource use productivity compared with the GDP expressed in euros, with 2010 as the reference year, is the closest to the growth Romania saw in 2000-2015. By considering, as measures, the average GDP in constant pric...