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In connection with elaboration of scientific project -Statistical study of forestry companies competitiveness- and on the basis of the accumulated national and foreign experience a system of indicators and sub-indicators for complex quantitative assessment of forestry companies competitiveness has been offered. The proposed indicators are: competitiveness of product being offered; labor productivity; financial results; enterprise growth; market adaptability; economic realization of property of forest resources; si...

The study analyzed forest vegetation in the "Bazos Dendrological Park" area, Timis County, Romania, in order to describe the seasonal variation of the vegetation through imaging analysis based on satellite images (Sentinel 2). The study took place in the period 2021-2022, and each year 7 sets of images (T1 - T7) were taken between the months of April and August. NDMI, NDVI and NBR indices were calculated from the analysis of satellite images. Among the calculated indices, very strong correlations were found betwee...

The article presents the results of remote monitoring of the consequences of armed aggression, namely the occurrence of fires on the territory of protected areas in the combat zone. In combination with "traditional" data, satellite imagery can play a crucial role in protecting protected areas and providing evidence of environmental violations. Plant and animal life are under threat of destruction from enemy shelling by the Russian army. In addition, there is the uncontrolled spread of fire in the combat zone of Uk...

In Bulgaria, the number of water sources and facilities for drinking and domestic water supply from surface and underground water is about 7,480. They are surrounded by sanitary protection zones (SPZ). Each SPZ has 3 belts, which are organised according to an accepted methodology. With the help of a designed geographic information system, it was found that in Bulgaria forest territories that belong to SPZ around water sources and water supply facilities for drinking and domestic needs have a total area of 576,117 ...

Schools in many countries implement environmental education to different extents. School as an institution has a significant role in shaping pupil?s attitudes and behaviour towards nature and the environment. School's cooperation with a forest pedagogue is oriented towards the activities of forest pedagogy, the application of which to education in the conditions of Slovak schools represents one of the possibilities of forming pupils' relationship with nature and awareness of forestry. The aim of the research is to...

Forest restoration programmes take place globally and lay a pivotal role in addressing climate change and biodiversity loss. Often restoration programmes are based on simple plantation schemes, evenly planting trees that later on might contribute to economic activity. This, however, does not seem to be sufficient for supporting biodiversity. Recent research suggests that successful restorations should match original ecological patterns in any particular landscape, assuming that severe erosion and changing soil con...

One of the long-term goals of the certification systems (FSC (Forest Stewardship Council) and PEFC (Program for the Endorsement of Forest Certification)) of sustainably managed forests that provide both social, environmental, and economic benefits is to completely phase out the use of chemical pesticides to protect planting material. It is in the interest of both nurseries and forest owners to find successful alternative, environmentally friendly solutions to safeguard pine saplings against Curculionidae. The stud...

This study aims to observe the spatial distribution of the arthropods biodiversity inhabiting the soil surface of olive groves. For this purpose, a sampling campaign has been carried out in a 15.1 ha plot of this crop. This plot is located in the south of the Iberian Peninsula. The study comprised a total of 65 sampling stations for epigean arthropods. Each station consisted of two drop traps, one located under the canopy of the olive tree and the other in the middle of the strip. With the arthropod catch data fro...

Microbiological studies of forest soils are an important field of research due to the role of forest as carbon sinks and the main role of microorganisms in biogeochemical cycle and in the transformation of organic mass. Microbiological monitoring of soils in forest ecosystems is of key importance to achieve accurate and comparable data. This paper examines the interrelationship of soil microbial communities with different environmental characteristics. For the purpose of the study, the influence of soil type, the ...

Olive pruning mulch modifies the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil. They are an efficient soil and water conservation system, while simultaneously improving the organic matter content of the soil. In any case, their effect on soil properties is a function of the densities provided. In any agricultural field, there can be significant variations in plant size, which can affect the amount of pruning obtained. In this research, a spatial sampling of pruning amount collected in olive trees (n=59)...

In a common understanding, tailings dumps are represented as categories of engineering constructions where mined underground rocks are stored together with the useful rock represented by underground coal. And the position of tailings dumps, ordinarily, is on the land around the mining operations. For their location, land is chosen that determines the minimum impact on the environment and requires some of the lowest waste disposal costs. Considering that our world is in a continuous ascension, new techniques and me...

Today, drones are already widely used in agriculture and forestry. Drones can help spray plants, take surface measurements, and estimate the damage caused by adverse weather conditions or wild animals. Drones can also be used in caring for the condition of crops. Traditional methods of detecting threats related to plant disease are time-consuming and ineffective. Thanks to the use of drones equipped with appropriate vision systems, it is possible to carry out quick and precise control of the condition of the plant...

Bird studies in urban parks support our better understanding to impacts of urbanization on natural forest habitats. This study is based on field census of nesting birds in urban parks of Olomouc heritage city (Czech Republic). Bird community in urban parks was compared with previous author?s bird study in hardwood floodplain forest near the Olomouc city. For characteristics of bird communities, Jaccard index, standard diversity index and equitability index were used. Comparison indicated high similarity of bird di...

Riparian forests are important ecosystems providing a spectrum of ecosystem services such as erosion control, nutrient modification and improvement of water quality in adjacent streams. In many countries management of riparian forests are restricted to protect aquatic biota as vegetation, especially woody plants provide nutrient uptake from soil preventing stream water over-enrichment. However not all tree and ground cover vegetation species carry the same positive effect on stream quality. Aim of our study was to...

Radioactive radiation is the common part of our lives due to natural sources producing the radioactive radiation. The radiation coming from the nuclear power plants is very law comparing to natural or common sources unless some accident happens. The paper deals with two well-known major nuclear power plant incidents and one local silent accident which took place in Czechoslovakia. Three Miles Island as an accident with no direct fatalities is introduced from the medical consequences point of view. Some longterm re...

The paper deals with the causes of numerous local floods and flash floods in forest areas and neighbouring location. Forest wood mining forest roads and approach paths are proven to be the main cause of forest drainage and loss of its accumulation function. Forest roads intended for logging cause drainage of large areas, easy runoff of rainwater as well as subsequent drying of the soil, weakening of trees and devastation of the forest. Two successful projects for the recultivating of forest roads have been present...

Putna-Vrancea Natural Park covers an area of about 30204 ha, being declared Natural Park in 2004, by the Romanian Government Decision no. 2151/2004. Putna-Vrancea Natural Park is located in the Curvature Carpathians and includes one of the wildest mountain areas in Romania, shelters many species of flora and fauna of national and international importance such as: Canis lupus, Ursus arctos, Lynx lynx, Rupicapra rupicapra, Cypripedium calceolus, Taxus baccata, Leontopodium alpinum. etc. The present study highlights ...

Arkhangelsk Oblast is a region of The Russian Federation with the most developed forest industry. Here, it used advanced timber harvesting and sawmilling technologies. Arkhangelsk Oblast has a large territory. The area of the region is 330103 km2. The population density is low and amounts approx. 1.91 people per square kilometer. At the same time, about 80% is the urban population. The remaining 20% of the population lives in areas remote from the regional center. Due to a number of circumstances, the infrastructu...

The present paper aims to investigate the opening up of the forest complex Maries -Limenaria of the island of Thassos in Greece and its environmental impacts. Firstthe study of the conditions of the forest road network of the mountain forestcomplex of Maries-Limenaria was done, then the assessment of the environmentalimpacts of the opening up of the above-mentioned complex, by investigating theintensity of the above impacts on the natural environment and the ability of theforest ecosystem to absorb these impacts o...

?very year, forest fires tens of thousands occur in Russia, as which result in more than 1 forest a million hectares are burned. At the same time, and even forest larger amount is damaged, and later perishes. For example, thermal radiation from a fire front directly affects a tree cambial layer, and this leads to its death. Also, due to the heat transfer of heat to the soil, its chemical composition and structure, microflora and soil change fauna, and the trees surface roots are damaged. Damage from forest fires i...

To preserve and increase the biological and landscape diversity, it is necessary to have comprehensive information about the conditions and dynamics of changes in the study object, a specific local ecosystem. Nature reserves are created to restore habitats, to protect endangered species of flora and fauna, vulnerable or complex species. Particular attention should be paid to the study of wetlands, a stabilizer of the hydrological regime of ecosystems, and a shaping element of the regional climate. It is proposed t...

The maintenance of ecological, economic and social functions of forest territories is closely connected with competitiveness of forestry. Its assessment permits to take the right decisions for its enhancement and rational use of forest resources. In this regard the purpose of this paper is to present the theoretical and conceptual framework for development of unified methodology for quantitative assessment of competitiveness of forestry companies in Bulgaria. The theoretical framework is based on the existing theo...

By studying the dendrometrical indices and vitality of introduced woody plants grown in an arboretum, it is possible to conclude about the success of their adaptation in country's climatic conditions. Growth indicators of introduced woody plants growing in Latvian arboretums can be used to study the introduction and adaptation of woody plants, in accordance with the influence of climatic conditions. The aim of the work was to describe the taxonomic composition and quality of the trees of the Arboretum Lacupite. Th...

Accurate measurements in forest inventories are crucial. Though manual measurements are precise, they are time consuming, while most of the times, the amount of collected data is limited in Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) and Height. Contemporary technological achievements such as Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) and Unmanned Air Vehicle (UAV) can be used in forest inventories, where capturing detailed and highly accurate information, such as geometry, texture or color, can be obtained in great detail and speed. Th...

Chaga is a perennial parasitic fungus of the Hymenochaetaceae family that lives on the bark of aged birch trees. Chaga contains a comprehensive set of substances that are essential for humans. In this context, the Chaga mushroom is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry. Chaga containing drugs are generally used as anti-inflammatory and restorative. Chaga can also be used as part of the complex treatment of tumors of various localization, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, it helps to mobilize the body's ...

The planted forest stands of pedunculate oak (Quercus roburL.) were carefully cultivated in Latvia for wood harvesting since the end of the 19th century. Today, felling of Q. robur forest stands in Latvia is prohibited, and according to the nature conservation rules are included in the list of habitats of European interest 9160*. According to the State Forest Service [14], the share of oak stands in all forests in Latvia is 0.1% (9354.58 ha). During their lives, oak forest stands are threatened by various risk fac...

Biomass is the world's fourth largest source of energy after oil, coal and natural gas. Biomass is the largest and currently the most important renewable energy option and can be used to produce various forms of energy. As a result, biomass, together with other renewable energy options, is able to provide all the energy services needed in today's society, both locally and globally. Among many other aspects, the renew-ability and versatility of biomass as an energy source is also an important advantage. In addition...

In the national policy and development documents of Latvia, forest, along with other natural resources, is defined as an important strategic resource for the sustainable overall development of the country and the development of a diverse and export-intensive economy. At the same time, the need to exploit forests sustainably, reducing the risks to the quality of the natural environment posed by human activities, is emphasized by the documents. The research question is as follows: Are forests in Latvia overexploited...

In Latvia, Scots pine forests stands occupy 953450 ha or 33% of the total forest area. The percentage of young stands is 18% of pine forests. The young stands under the age of 10 are most represented. Scots pine has always been important for the Latvian economy, since several high-quality assortments can only be made from a quality pine trunk. The quality of the first log shall be formed during the first decade of the tree, therefore it is important to identify, assess and reduce the risk factors for P. sylvestris...

The results of a study of the dynamics of anthropogenic transformation of the species composition of the forests of Karelia using GIS technologies are presented in the article. The main object of research is the forests of the Karelian basement lake-taiga plain (eastern part of the Baltic crystalline shield). A quantitative analysis of changes in the species composition of forests in historical time was carried out for the first time. Retrospective, cartographic, comparative, historical and geographical sections o...

This paper deals with a case study from Central European mountain Acidophilous spruce forests below the alpine tree line in the Hruby Jesenik Mountains (Czech Republic). These forest ecosystems are protected in the frame of the Natura 2000 European system. Maintaining of the defined forest habitat character, especially for certain types of forests historically affected by humans, is there the main target of forest management strategy. The results of this study suggest that research on forest management history can...

The forests of Ukraine, according to their purpose and location, mainly perform water protection, protective, sanitary and hygienic and recreational functions. The peculiarities of forests and forestry in Ukraine include: a relatively low average level of forest cover in the country; growth of forests in various natural areas (Polesie, Forest-steppe, Steppe, Ukrainian Carpathians); significant differences in forest conditions, methods of forest management, use of forest resources and useful properties of forests; ...

In this work, we provide a framework for assessing cross-boundary wildfire exposure and a case study application in the region of Macedonia, Greece. The required spatial layers describing topography, fuels/ vegetation and ignition location were retrieved from open-access international and national databases, while climate data were obtained from remote automatic weather stations. We processed the spatial layers to derive the required inputs for the Minimum Travel Time fire spread algorithm. Hourly and daily weathe...

Naturally regenerated birch (Betula spp.) stands, to a large extent formed on abandoned agricultural lands, is a notable part of the privately owned forests in Latvia. Birch is fast growing and less frequently affected by abiotic and biotic factors (like dendrophagous insects, cervids, drought) than other main commercial tree species in Latvia. However, wind storms, predicted to increase in frequency in future, is an important risk in birch stands. Therefore, the aim of our study was to assess the snapping height ...

Intensification of forest management is required due to contrasting trends of growing demand to use renewable materials and boost carbon sequestration, while simultaneously decreasing area of managed forest. Additionally, increasing frequency of natural disturbances creates difficulties to ensure production of high-quality saw-logs. One of the strategies to overcome (or at least minimize) the negative impacts is establishment of low-density plantations, intended for relatively short rotation (c.a. 50 years). Aim o...

The paper presents the results of research on the radiation balance of coniferous forest ecosystems in the mountain Crimea. Based on open reanalysis databases and the geoinformational modeling results, the elements values of the radiation balance of coniferous forest ecosystems located in different landscape zones and levels are calculated. It is found that for the period from 1983 to 2013 the values of the radiation balance of the mountain Crimea coniferous forest ecosystems vary from 1641.8 to 1836.4 MJ/m2?year....

The development of rural areas is important for the economy of any country. In Latvia, the development of rural areas depends on economic growth in the key industries for the rural areas ? agriculture and forestry. Accordingly, it is important to use the various support instruments of the European Union (EU) Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) for rural development, which include financial support not only for agriculture but also for forestry. Therefore, the overall aim of the present research is to assess the use o...

Forestry vehicles meet different kinds of soil resistance when operating on forest soils, which include the rolling resistance, as well as the resistance to vehicles turning. The purpose of proposed study is to present dependencies for estimating the soils resistance to forestry vehicles? turning, based on solution of theoretical problem of indenter pressing into a soil massif of unlimited thickness of the deformable layer. The study bases on theoretical methods of terramechanics, methods of computational experime...

The study aims to estimate rut depths components caused by soil compaction and its? shearing caused by forestry vehicles? impact. The study bases on theoretical methods of terramechanics. As a result of the calculations, the study estimates three components of the rut depth caused by wheeled and bogie-tracked forestry vehicles impact. In the case when wheeled forestry vehicles operate on a weak forest soil which bearing capacity is up to 0.04 MPa, the estimate of the rut depth component caused by the soil shear ca...

The article presents the results of a study of the attractiveness of the forests coasts of the Cheboksary Reservoir on Volga River of the Cheboksary urban district in Chuvashya region (Russia). As the main natural and recreational characteristics, two criteria were chosen: the attractiveness of the relief and forest landscapes. The results of the study showed that the Right Bank of the Cheboksary reservoir has a high natural and recreational potential. The work revealed the possibility of using the attractiveness ...

Managed by the Conservation of Forests of Oum El Bouaghi, the forest of Sidi R?Ghies which is primarily for forestry covers an area of 3106 hectares. This area consists of several species. The current ecological status of the forest is poorly understood. The precise knowledge of existing forest resources and their evolution has become indispensable. The objective of our study is to collect data on the current environmental status of the site and timber resources in order to establish a reference state (zero state)...

The wood market is constantly undergoing transformation, which leads to the variation of the price of wood, sometimes significant, from one area to another. In addition, the geographical distribution of forest species and the needs of the woodworking market often make that the wood necessary to be purchased from long distances, so transported over considerable distances and with considerable costs. Thus, the article aims to analyse the transport distances for wood mass purchased by a woodworking company from Braso...

The purpose of the article is to analyze the unloading times of the raw material used in manufacturing OSB boards. In this regard, there were centralized all the entries of raw material from July and October 2016, when the wood was transported on roads. Data analysis was done taking into account the type of means of transport (truck or trailer truck), volumes and species transported. It has been found that, as a rule, the means of transport comply with the tonnage allowed on public roads, but there are also exceed...

The Forest Code of the Russian Federation prescribes the rational use of forest resources (Article 114). The total area of the Arkhangelsk region, covered by shrinking trees, is the territory of 9 forest districts. The large scale of dying pine forests in the region requires the solution of the issue of the use of deadwood. Evaluation of the quality and strength characteristics of wood from dying forests will determine the way to use such wood. The main qualitative characteristics of timber in dying forests can be...

The Upper Orava region is for several decades affected by emissions from manufacturers of ferroalloys as well as by a transport of pollutants via the atmosphere from abroad. The aim of this study was to assess the degree of risk for Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, Ni and Co input from soil into small forest fruit species growing in this region. Soil and fruit samples were collected from 8 sampling points exactly fixed using GPS. In soil the agrochemical characteristics (pH/KCl, content of K, Mg, P, Ca and humus) were determin...

Share of birch is increasing in hemiboreal forests mainly due to its superior natural regeneration capabilities and afforestation of abandoned agricultural lands. It is more wind-firm than Norway spruce, thus it could be even more favoured in context of climate changes, linked to worsening wind climate in this region. Historically, target species of forest management had been coniferous trees. Therefore, aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of thinning regime on net present value of birch stands. Sample plo...

Forests are not only ecologically important for the existence of ecosystems, air purification and its supply with oxygen as the Earth's lungs, but they also have social and economic significance that directly affects the quality of life and sustainable development in general. Given that about 40% of the entire territory of Kosovo is a forest area, and the fact that they are considered as part of national wealth, they continue to be affected by fires and illegal and uncontrolled logging of the human factor. If we l...

Forests present up 41.3% of the total area of the Slovak Republic. However, for forest soils no limit values for risky elements are given by the legislation, as it is for agricultural soils. The aim of this study was to monitor forest soils of 7 regions in Slovakia. Soil samples were collected from 70 sampling sites in 9 selected localities. Environmental risk was evaluated on the basis of total Hg soil content determined by CV-AAS (cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry) method, the background Hg soil content ...

The Tatra National Park (TANAP) in Slovak republic is one of the oldest national parks in Central Europe and is also included in the NATURA 2000 system. Forest ecosystems in the Tatra National Park are made up of ecosystems, which include also the spruce-cranberry ecosystem and belong to the highest level of zonal protection, with the exclusion of any activity, including the fruit harvesting. In recent years, there has been a massive pressure from developers for tourism development in the area, new recreational fa...

Air pollution causes plant injury such as burning leaf margins or tips, delayed grown, root damage and premature leaf drop. An increased pollution also influences the leaf water content, the amount of chlorophyll in the plant and the ability to photosynthesize. In this study we have investigated four types of trees in six areas of Galati. Selected areas are scattered throughout the city and have different degrees of pollution. Samples were taken at regular intervals from the start burgeoning until maturity. The tr...