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Due to its properties, lightweight, strength and corrosion resistance aluminum and its alloys are chosen for building various industrial equipments that are used in different specific environments. Aluminum and its alloys cannot escape from corrosion and it requires a proper handling. Aluminum and its alloys will corrode very quickly after cleaning so any treatment must be swift to prevent corrosion becoming trapped under the base coating layers. Aluminum corrodes almost immediately forming an oxide layer that wil...

The study of lake sediments allows to reconstruct abiotic and biotic conditions of a lake and its surrounding area. Diatom communities are commonly used in studies of water quality and being bioindicators of the lake state diatoms used for the reconstruction ecological conditions of the past. Core samples from Rubskoe Lake were collected in July 2015 and the species composition of the diatom algae, which serve as, were studied. The core covered a 13 000 years period. In 23 samples of Rubskoe Lake 30 diatom taxa be...

Waste disposal and management is one of the urgent issues faced by mankind at the current stage of development. Waste car tires pose a significant threat to the environment, which makes their efficient processing particularly important, as the volume of this type of waste generated each year worldwide is estimated at more than 10 million tons, of which 1 million tons are produced in Russia. The paper provides a description and calculations for a process system that can be used to dispose of waste tires by their st...

Salt water intrusions of marine origin are a major cause of contamination for coastal fresh water aquifers. They are generated mainly by the uncontrolled exploitation of fresh water in pumping stations from coastal areas. In Romania, such marine intrusions have occurred in the southern part of Black Sea's coastline, in the area of Vama Veche and Costine?ti resorts, contaminating the main aquifers which are hosted within Sarmatian (late Middle Miocene) lumachelic and oolitic limestones. Fresh water exploitation man...

Asphalt concrete correspond to dispersive strengthened composition material, in which organic matrix-bitumen takes over all the load and forces. The structure and properties of asphalt concrete are determined mainly by the phase and physical state of the organic matrix-bitumen. In this paper the results of «Adgezolin» additive in the composition of asphalts based on oxidized (produced by OJSC «TAIF-NK») and non-oxidized (Elkhovskoe oil refinery plant) bitumen are discussed. It is revealed, that adhesive additive p...

Wood-based materials belong to the popular and widely used materials in the building industry. For example, these plates can be easily used to create often complicated details. Not all wood-based materials are suitable for the proposed environment. The effect of mistaking the choice of the right wood-based material and its application to an inappropriate environment can then result in the destruction of the details of the particular part of the structure and thus often involves a considerable financial cost to rep...

This paper presents a position of geography and geosciences in educational system of primary school teachers in Croatia. There are only a few information about the extent of geography and geosciences as a part of curriculum for primary school teachers on Faculties of Education in Croatia. On six Universities in ten different cities primary school teachers can study for their degrees. We compared all syllabuses and curricula on these Faculties regarding to courses that are lecturing geography and geosciences. From ...

The polymers performance in membrane technology provide a stable and very high level of pollutant removal. The selection capacity and low cost of the polymeric membrane technology are important factors in wastewater treatment applications. Four membranes from polysulfone with different concentration blend in N-Methyl-2- pyrrolidone were obtained by phase inversion method in our laboratory. The membrane performances were characterized by flux rejection, relative flux, retention capacity and morphology. The surface ...

Salinity is one of the major environmental stress factors for crops that adversely affect plant growth and development. High concentrations of salt in the soil cause ion toxicity, osmotic stress, oxidative stress, nutrient deficiencies and imbalances perturbing important physiological and biochemical processes. To minimize the effects of salinity, the plant develops a large array of responses involving a complex enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant system, ion transport and compartmentalization of deleterious i...

In the economic literature, the situation in regions is often seen in terms of economic security. We propose the following approach. Firstly, there is a diagnostics of security using the authors? method. This method implies the analysis of 12 spheres of activity focusing on the eco-economic security. Secondly, we assess the impact of the level of the eco-economic security on individuals and inhabited areas. Thirdly, we estimate the general situation in the territory and define the spheres where the socio-economic ...

The aim of this article is to identify and assess the sources of risk in the mining production planning process in terms of quantity and value in a hard coal mine. To implement this goal, the first part of this paper identifies sources of risk, the second part in turn describes preventative actions that the mine should undertake to minimize the risk during the mining production planning. The article makes use of deduction, mining production processes analysis and literature on mining economics. The internal source...

In the present study are presented the causes and consequences of a bacterial disease signaled to the silver carp farmed in polyculture with Cyprinids and other fish species in ponds. In the spring of 2017, the presence of a bacterial disease of the species Hypophthalmichthys molitrix cultured within the Fish Culture Research and Development Station Nucet, Romania, was first reported. The illness caused the weakening of the fish body (Fulton's coefficient = 1,6 compared to 1,9 for healthy fish) and a slight anemia...

Grape juice consumption has increased significantly in recent years due to the beneficial health effects showed by products derived from grape. Grape juice is the unfermented drink obtained from simple must, sulfated or concentrated, from healthy, fresh and ripe grapes. When grape juice is processed with the aim of obtaining a shelf-stable product, its product shelf-life is determined by a best-before date, which is limited due to physical and (bio) chemical reactions. With the change of these properties, the micr...

Background: In Poland, there has long been a statutory obligation for economic entities to report minimum information on the natural environment, usually of a non-financial nature. After the implementation of Directive 2014/95/EU on the disclosure of non-financial and diversity information to the Polish regulations (Accounting Act), there were changes in the scope of environmental disclosures and the group of enterprises covered by this reporting obligation increased. The implementation of the new directive into P...

The present study aims to highlight the importance of the vegetal organisms, in restoring the natural balance, based on field research. The vegetal layer under its multiple aspects and the complex processes taking place in its framework, as well as its relations with the environmental factors, constitute an essential element in the natural circuit of the environment and a basic component of the geographic layer, indispensable for a complete characterization and understanding of the structure and dynamics of terres...

In the context of the increasing concern on controlling carbon emissions, global warming and in order to reduce energy consumption, buildings design must take into account the criteria of energy efficiency and the use of local renewable resources imposed by EU requirements for 2020. Thermal insulating materials based on natural fibers as building materials are increasingly being studied for their low environmental impact and availability. The present paper reviews the state of the art of research on the influence ...

Due to the great interest in unconventional deposits, the aim of the current study has become identifying the target zones that the hydraulic fracturing treatment becomes the most efficient. The success of hydraulic fracturing depends on many factors. One of them is determining if the assumed fracture geometry is the same as created in hydraulic fracturing treatment as well as the appropriate selection sectors to be fractured. A great influence on fracture propagation and geometry predictions have rock elastic par...

The purpose of this work was to determine the impact of anthropogenic activities, which consisted in the expansion of the national road 51 to change the water relations in the Upper Pas??ka catchment. Hydrological measurements were carried out on the Pas??ka River near the Gry?liny village. Studies have shown that the expansion of road 51 has changed the way the river basin has been developed. The area of agricultural and forested areas decreased in favor of paved and built-up areas, which resulted in an increase ...

Formation invasion plays an important role in the modern drilling practices. The well completion and production cost play more and more important role as the petroleum industry meets new challenges. The well completion and stimulation cost can be reduced if the mud?s effect on the hydrocarbon-bearing formation is clearly known and can be modeled at the well design phase. Better mud selection leads to lower cost in the completion phase. Proper mud selection can be supported by early reservoir analysis based on prev...

The present study investigates spatial and temporal variability of permafrost coasts? retreat rates at the offshore gas pipeline crossing of the Western Yamal Peninsula coast under conditions of climate change and local human impact. Erosion of permafrost coasts is determined by a combination of hydrometeorological factors, such as wave height, air and water temperature, ice-free period duration, and the features of coastal structure: cliff height, ground ice content, type of sediments. Coastal dynamics were studi...

The paper describes the deployment of an open-source Crismapp platform. It is a WebGIS 2.0-based solution designed primarily for crisis management purposes. As part of a cooperation with the University of Bergen, Crismapp was implemented for the purposes of monitoring the earthquake in the Norwegian region within the European-wide observation network EPOS. HTML5-based application reflects the WebGIS 2.0 principle and uses as much as possible open tools: the Leaflet map library and GeoJSON data format. Besides the ...

One of the major problems associated with exploitation of the copper ore deposit in underground mines in Poland is the local disturbance in a state of stable equilibrium manifested in a sudden release of strain energy stored in the deformed rock mass. It occurs mainly in the form of dynamic events which may result in rockbursts and roof falls. In order to face this threats, a number of organisational and technical prevention methods are applied in mines. It should be also noted that the greatest difficulties with ...

Advanced information technologies and electronics technologies lead the medical industry to a high-tech level. However, until now many tasks remain unresolved in the field of medicine and public health. The express diagnosis and the rehabilitation of the spine and musculoskeletal system is one of the actual tasks. Although there are currently diagnostic and rehabilitation systems of the spine, they are all far from perfect. This is due primarily to the lack of adequate models of areas of the nervous system and the...

Typification of ice conditions in the Arctic is an essential step to solve important applied problems in the field of arctic marine transportation since in such studies a variety of ice conditions is often described by a predefined set of typified scenarios that directly influence the results. Criteria for ice typification traditionally include the parameters that represent all the sea area, e.g., total ice coverage, area of old ice and other. However, our practical experience shows that such criteria do not alway...

This paper presents the comparison of selected elements of a single-family building in light clay and traditional technology. The advantages and disadvantages of the properties of several materials used in both technologies are described. Moreover, the history of building using clay and its modern construction application, as well as an overall view of the qualities and varieties of the use of clay as a building material in combination with straw and other elements were showed. The selected object was one of the c...

The history of digital terrain modelling started in the 50's. Digital terrain modelling is nowadays one of the basic ways of a terrain representation. The basic task of creating the digital terrain model (DTM) includes data collection, generation, visualization, interpretation and application. There can be various sources of data to generate DTM. The source data set is the basic element for the accuracy of the resulting model. There is also described a few series of tests on the accuracy of DEM source data. The co...

The aim of this article is to analyze the current state of education and training of crisis management and civil protection workers in the Slovak Republic. Within the introduction part, we have discussed the role and activities of civil protection units, which is a significant component of the Integrated Rescue System in the Slovak Republic. The article also focuses on the analysis of the current state of civil protection units in crisis management. An important part is the analysis of education process of crisis ...

The researches carried out aimed at assessing foliar fertilization bio stimulating effect by increasing fertilizers nutrient use efficiency and their absorption into plants. Foliar fertilizing variants NPK were formulated during the research activities on a PK type matrix base with secondary nutrients and trace elements. The nitrogen source consisted of urea and ammonium nitrate in which 6% of the total nitrogen content was added as 15N isotope to the basic PK type matrix. Agrochemical testing were carried out on ...

At present, more 900 million tons and 630 million tons of crushed tailings of copper ores are accumulated in tailings storages of Jeskasgan and Balkhash ore-processing plants, respectively. Micromineralogical studies of tails in cemented polished sections are showed the following copper minerals: chalcopyrite is the most common among them and the amount of its grains in cemented sections varies from 30 to 50 %; covellite - from 5 to 20 %; chalcocite - from rare grains to 20 %; bornite - from 4 to 25 %. Other miner...

The equivalent equilibrium volumetric activity of radon in dwelling houses, located in permafrost regions, equipped with the heating boilers operating on natural gas and located inside the residential sector of houses are investigated. Allocation of radon from wooden walls, other constructions of houses and underground space is improbable. Hence, high variations of volumetric concentration of radon in different houses are caused, mainly, by burning of methane. It is established that in houses equipped with heating...

Testing of synthesized magnetically separable catalyst (Pd-Fe3O4/HPS) was carried out in the selective hydrogenation of 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol to corresponding olefinic alcohol and also in the Suzuki cross-coupling of 4-bromoanisole and phenylboronic acid in a shaker-type glass batch reactor. In the case of selective hydrogenation, the use of Pd-Fe3O4/HPS was found to result in 94% selectivity at 95% of the substrate conversion that is typical for preliminarily reduced Pd/HPS catalysts. Regarding to the Suzuki reac...

The special resources of renewable energy identified in Romania have generated far more extensive concerns and research on their capture, storage and use. The first part of this paper presents a couple of renewable energy sources, technologies for their capture and conversion, and also several new storage methods and technologies applied worldwide, in order to know the issue, scale and complexity of the field, advantages and difficulties encountered in harnessing these resources. By this we aim to identify the new...

This research work is focused on the valorization of mango peels and kernel seed powders from the point of view of waste minimization and environmental best-practice technologies. Environmental best-practice technologies aim to satisfy consumer demands, while the production process is optimized in order to have the least impact on the environment. The optimization includes the reduced utilization of raw materials, less energy and water use, while, as a result less process waste and effluent is generated. Mango pee...

Different types of materials are possible to use for waterproofing of green roofs. One of these materials is bitumen sheet. Two types of bitumen sheets are used for surface treatment when applied in the roof vegetative structure. In the part where the bitumen sheets are under the vegetation layer, a fine grain gritting is used. In the part of the roof, where the bitumen sheet extends to the surface (above the level) of the vegetation stratum and is exposed to UV radiation, the coarse grain gritting is used. Water ...

This research work is focused on the valorization of mango peels and kernel seed powders from the point of view of waste minimization and environmental best-practice technologies. Environmental best-practice technologies aim to satisfy consumer demands, while the production process is optimized in order to have the least impact on the environment. The optimization includes the reduced utilization of raw materials, less energy and water use, while, as a result less process waste and effluent is generated. Mango pee...

North of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is one of the "rich" regions of the world in the number of finds of a woolly mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius) remains. Bones, and sometimes even frozen corpses of these fossil elephants are found here along the coasts, and on the banks of rivers and lakes where they thaw out from permafrost. The mammoths and other mammals of the Mammoth fauna remains are preserved up to present time due to cold climate and permafrost. And in some districts of Yakutia frozen Quaternary sedime...

The purpose of the article (research) is to determine the impact of environmental policy on the possibilities and ways of implementing the socio-economic development strategy of the Leningrad Region of the Russian Federation for the period until 2030. The work used systematic and dialectical-materialist approaches, methods of forecasting, comparison, formal-logical and statistical analysis, as well as tools for scientific analysis of documents and performance results. In the course of the work, the essence and pec...

The study of seabed relief is part of operations by development of the mineral deposits, which are in the territory of water objects. All of them are required at the stage of industrial planning, construction and exploration, definition of geo-hazard, for the monitoring activity and also required to repel potential threats, including natural ones, etc. The uniqueness of the ecosystem and bioresources of the Caspian Sea against the backdrop of unfolding offshore oil production, sharply raises the issue of monitorin...

Polish sedimentary copper ore located in Lower Silesia (SW Poland) consists of three lithological fractions: sandstone, dolomitic and shale. The main copper-bearing minerals are chalcocite, bornite and chalcopyrite. The main carrier of organic carbon is shale ore. This part of ore is the main reason for technological problems in a metallurgical process. However, shale ore is the part of copper ore which is the richest in copper and other accompanying metals such as silver, lead, zinc, nickel, cobalt and other. The...

Bioavailable heavy metals have been extensively studied in recent years because of their toxicity to natural ecosystems. Even though there is a large number of studies, relatively little is known about the biologically available metal fraction. The current study analyses seasonal concentrations of heavy metals associated with reactive fractions (solvable in HCl) in the soil of three areas on West Jiu river. Concentrations of heavy metals identified in indigenous ichthyofauna (Salmo trutta fario) collected from eac...

The use of various ingredients in the formulation of yogurt, in order to diversify a dairy product particularly appreciated by consumers, is a constant concern for industry specialists. The paper proposes the use pumpkin seeds in the recipe of a classic yogurt, in order to improve its physico-chemical, textural and sensory characteristics. Pumpkin seeds, like other oilseeds, are in the attention of specialists because they are a very good source of proteins and dietary fibers. For the consumer, the increase in the...

The current state of the mining industry is characterized by a tendency to rapid deepening of mining, which leads to an increase in the mineral excavation self-cost and negatively affects the safety of production. The effectiveness of an underground geotechnology largely depends on the correct choice of methods and schemes for ore and rock transportation, which is becoming increasingly important, with deepening mining. Currently, the most common transports in underground mining are rail and road vehicles; mine hau...

The study was focused on the intensification of sensitive landscape degradation by tunnel erosion (i) to determine the particularity (ii) of this process in the studied area in order to establish regional sustainable management. The studied site is located in the southern part of Jijia Plain, on a complex slope (faces west) from Bogonos Valley. The Tma is 9.5oC and the Pma is 501.7 mm. The dominant soils are Solonetz, Solonchaks, and Regosols formed in salt-bearing clay deposits. The soil characteristics associate...

The publication attempts to unify the scope of reclamation works in the agricultural, forest and aquatic directions. For the analysis of the works scope, three phases of reclamation were adopted: preliminary, basic (technical) and detailed (biological). Preliminary reclamation consists in the analysis of factors affecting the selection of a reclamation direction, establishing the direction of reclamation and the development of design-estimate documentation. Basic (technical) reclamation consists in the shaping of ...

The low head hydropower development ?Capra VI and VII? consists of two small hydropower (SHP) stations accomplished in sequence on the homonym stream in Arge? County, center Romania, each of them less than 1MW. The SHPs, study case for this paper, follow the European directives regarding the water, the environment and the green energy. Their accomplishment was based on the existing delimitation of the minor river bed for which it was noticed that the ichthyofaunal environmental conditions are not entirely achieved...

The paper focuses on seal defect of dam system of an impoundment with deposition of calcareous sludge. The seal defect of the impoundment dam system, consisting of a homogeneous ground dam, occurred due to its underflow by desludged water. This paper lists causes of the underflow at the dam system, based on analysis of the original engineering-geologic survey, construction method of the dam body, floating method at the impoundment and additional engineering-geologic survey. The primary cause of the defect is prese...

Bottom sediments are a specific component of aquatic ecosystems. They are actively involved in the accumulation, redistribution and mass transfer of chemical elements, including heavy metals. They can contribute to the purification of the water column, due to its depositing properties. However, they can also serve as a source of secondary pollution, as a result of the transition of pollutants into the suspended matter. The intensity of accumulation and migration of substances is directly dependent on the lithologi...

This research belongs to one of characteristic traits of human livelihood, which connected to mass traumatism in consequence of catastrophes caused by nature or technological activity. Data and knowledge bases of proposed system consist of precedent information, accumulated for wide range of geoinformational conditions of emergency situations, different symptoms and features that affect human organism, extent of influence and positive experiences of giving urgent help to sufferers. Optimal routes and required mean...

The deposits in Poland are appearing in the Miocene gypsum sediments located on the northern, marginal part of the Carpathians Foredeep subsidence basin. Up to the fifties of 20th century and the discover of the biggest sulphur deposits in all the world, the sulphuric mining existed only in Swoszowice near Krakow, Czarkowy near Stasz?w, Psz?w near Rybnik and also Pos?dza, located about 30 km northeast of Krakow. The first record of organised mining in Swoszowice appears in document dated 1415. It was a licence for...

The progress (evolution) of a civilization based on natural resources development has resulted in permanent natural environment destruction. By the beginning of the third millennium it has become evident that exploitation of the planet's mineral resources, being the basis for the existence and progress of civilization, is the cause of the global environmental crisis. The Mining Institute has substantiated a methodology of restoration of natural ecosystems (ecological restoration), which consists in using an idea o...